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Transcript of 11111 Sssss
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Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
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While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
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to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
-
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o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
-
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division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
-
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)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
-
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9/26
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
-
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limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
-
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develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
-
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demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
-
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limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
-
8/11/2019 11111 Sssss
14/26
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
-
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15/26
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
-
8/11/2019 11111 Sssss
16/26
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
-
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never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
-
8/11/2019 11111 Sssss
18/26
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
-
8/11/2019 11111 Sssss
19/26
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
-
8/11/2019 11111 Sssss
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dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
-
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21/26
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
-
8/11/2019 11111 Sssss
22/26
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s microsco#e resolution limitation still hold true, the Laureates have successfully
demonstrated 'ays of by#assing the limitation /he three have taen o#tical microsco#y into a ne'
dimension using fluorescent molecules /'o different #rinci#les have been able to do this and they
develo#ed inde#endently of each other
Stefan !ell 'ho 'as a student in South+'estern 7inland 'as looing at 'ays of by#assing 3bbe6s
limitation 8n -995, he got a brilliant idea 'hen reading a te:tboo on quantum o#tics Nobel Prize for
Chemistry has been equally divided among the Laureates Eric Betzig, Stefan W !ell and William E
"oerner for having by#assed a #resumed scientific limitation sti#ulating that an o#tical microsco#e can
never yield a resolution better than $% micrometres &half the 'avelength of light(
)sing the fluorescence of molecules, scientists can no' monitor the inter#lay bet'een individual
molecules inside cells* they can observe disease+related #roteins aggregate and they can trac cell
division at the nanolevel
Living organisms 'ere studied for the first time in the -.th using an o#tical microsco#e /he instrument
o#ened a ne' 'indo' to studying living organisms non+invasively
0es#ite the advantages, the o#tical microsco#e suffers from a ma1or dra'bac 2 a #hysical restriction as
to 'hat size of structures is #ossible to resolve Ernst 3bbe in -4.5 said that microsco#e resolution is
limited by, among other things, the 'avelength of the light &$% micrometres(
While 3bbe6s mi