11 internet peering-playbook
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Transcript of 11 internet peering-playbook
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The Tricks of the Trade
Understanding the
Internet Peering Playbook
©2012 DrPeering Interna9onal Licensed material – [email protected] h@p://DrPeering.net
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THE INTERNET PEERING PLAYBOOK
The Tricks of the Trade
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Research “The Art of Peering”
Q: When you get no response or a “No” response to a peerign request, what do seasoned Peering Coordinators do?
Give up? A: No, there are some tricks.
n Smartest Peering Coordinator “Tricks of the Trade” n 20 Tactics successfully used to obtain Peering where you
otherwise might not be able to. Disclaimer: These are NOT recommended tactics…I am simply
documenting what has been successfully used in the field to obtain peering.
Language.Graphical notation to describe the tactics 3
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The Players
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Internet Peering, Paid Peering, Internet Transit
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ISP Customers
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Equivalent Transit Nota9ons
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Equivalent Peering Nota9ons
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Traffic Flow Nota9on
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The ISP Peering Playbook
• Where ISP obtained peering • Where ISP defended its posi9on • Telecom Italia & Deutsche Telekom by the #
– “Last night we had another 19” • Expanded
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Tac9c 1. Extended Direct Approach
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Top 10 Ways the Pros Contact Target ISPs
1. face-‐to-‐face at informal mee9ng in an Internet Opera9ons forum like NANOG, IETF, RIPE, GPF, APNIC, AFNOG, etc.,
2. face-‐to-‐face at Commercial Peering Forums like Global Peering Forum (you must be a customer of one of the sponsoring Ixes)
3. face-‐to-‐face at IX Member Mee9ngs like DE-‐CIX, LINX, or AMS-‐IX member mee9ngs.
4. introduc9ons through an IX Chief Technical Liaison (or a peer) that knows the right contacts
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Top 10 ways the Pros Contact Target ISPs
5. via electronic mail, using the pseudo standard [email protected] or a personal contact,
6. from contacts listed on an exchange point par9cipant list, or peeringdb registra9ons,
7. with tech-‐c or admin-‐c from DNS or ASN registries,
8. Google for peering contact $ASN peering , 9. from the target ISP sales force, at trade show or
as part of sales process, 10. from the target ISP NOC.
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Email Bypass
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Maximize Face Time
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Leverage IXP Resources
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Tac9c 2. Internet Transit with Peering Migra9on
• Leverage internal advocate
• Transit Contract • If peering prerequisites are met, migrate to peering
• If not, try again… • Williams story
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Tac9c 3. End Run Maneuver
• Minimizes need for peering
• When you need it less you can more easily get it.
• Rather peer than lose customers
• Takes 9me • Cherry picking may annoy peer
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Tac9c 4. Bundle Internet Transit with Peering
• BBC Internet • Internal advocate • May be tough to support
• Can be gamed
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Tac9c 5. Buy Transit from most Restric9ve Tier 1 ISP
• Peering request process – Do I already hear these routes for free?
– Yes=deny peering • So buy from someone that doesn’t peer
• Minimize chance of rejec9on
20 “Once a customer, never a peer” – UK Story
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Tac9c 6. Transi9onal Paid Peering
• “Stepping Stone” to free peering
• Free peering when prerequisites sa9sfied
• Few success stories
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Tac9c 7. Par9al-‐Route Internet Transit
• X well established peer • I will sell you IX routes
– No Joining Fees – No Peering legwork – Would take years
• Priced cheap
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Tac9c 8. Play Chicken (1 of 3)
• Confronta9onal
• Upgrade-‐Pay Me
• No? Disconnect
• Then…
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Tac9c 8. Play Chicken (2of3)
• More circuitous path • Maybe par99on
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Tac9c 8. Play Chicken (3of3)
• Renego9ate terms • Exodus-‐Genuity • Peering Ra9o sidebar
• End result? • Name calling • Public scru9ny • More interconnects
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Tac9c 9. Traffic Manipula9on
• Leverages Traffic Asymmetry
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Tac9c 9. Traffic Manipula9on
• Content-‐Heavy network controls spigot
• Understand Mo9va9ons
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Tac9c 9. Traffic Manipula9on Tac9c
• Force traffic along path that ISP B has to pay for
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Tac9c 9. Traffic Manipula9on
• THEN ask for peering • “Oh my! How did that creep up on me?
• Yes, let’s peer. • I’ll save $$ • I’m such a valuable PC”
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Tac9c 9. Traffic Manipula9on
• Unethical?
• Varia9ons: • A stops announcing reachability to L
• A inserts B in announcement to trigger loop suppression
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Tac9c 10. Bluff Issues
• Bluff load futures – Msw – Difficult to detect
• Bluff bad performance – Traceroute – Ji@er – latency
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Tac9c 11. Be Open. Loudly.
• PC faces rejec9on • Phone calls and emails go unanswered
• Be the low hanging fruit • # of sessions, volume of traffic used in performance reviews
• Make it clear you will make them look good
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Tac9c 12. Be Everywhere
• Build into large # of POPs, IXPs, colos
• Meet geographic distribu9on requirements
• Signal big peer volume poten9al
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Tac9c 13. Get Traffic
• Cogent • More a@rac9ve peering candidate
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Tac9c 14. Friendship-‐based Peering
• Related: Bro-‐lo • “Brother can you spare some colo?”
• As CTL peers became friends, introduced newbies to “friendly” peers
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Tac9c 15. Spam Peering Requests
• Discussion lists • “Reply to self” • “Dozens of peering sessions resulted” – Mitchell Rose
• Might be low volume peers
• Some unexpected posi9ve responses
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Tac9c 16. The Honey Approach -‐ Be Sweet
• Yahoo! Microsow desirability of content • Thousands of webcasts, personal radio sta9ons, web proper9es your eyeballs want! Easier to be approached than to approach.
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Tac9c 17. Purchase a well-‐peered ISP
• Level 3 acquired ISPs to become Tier 1
• Telstra forced to peer with Optus, Connect.com, and Oze-‐mail
• OptusàSingTel • Connect.comàTNZ • Oze-‐mailàVerizon • 1990’s Value~Value of peering 38
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Tac9c 18. Bait-‐and-‐Switch
• Large parent company power is leveraged
• Smaller company gets peered
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Tac9c 19. False Peering Outage
NOC A: “Hey! Our peering session is down again. AGAIN!” NOC B: “I don’t see any alerts” NOC A: “Don’t make wake Hans-‐Werner Braun out of bed again. Set it up and we’ll se@le it tomorrow” What would your NOC do?
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Tac9c 20. Leverage Broader Business Arrangement
• As with the Level 3 Comcast rela9onship
• AOL did this in the 00’s • Bundle peering with
– Fiber – Colo – Wavelengths
• Aka “Free On-‐Net”
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Tac9c 21. Overseas Power Play
• Pressure incumbent ISP B to peer
• Cut transit in country • Force traffic through expensive ISP B interna9onal transit link
• Expensive tac9c • Requires PR
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Tac9c 21. Overseas Power Play
• Pressure incumbent ISP B to peer
• Cut transit in country • Force traffic through expensive ISP B interna9onal transit link
• Expensive tac9c • Requires PR
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“We have made a conscious decision that star9ng next month [November] we will not pay anybody for transit traffic anymore. So if you don’t want to peer with us, that is it! We will not pay you one single cent anymore.”
-‐-‐ Rudy Jansen, MWEB CEO
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Tac9c 22. Construct Peering from Transit
• No paid peering product • Make you look more a@rac9ve – Like paying for a date
• Neither party inclined to talk about it 44
Why do this?
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Tac9c 23. Do Not Peering in your home market
• Defensive tac9c • “The desire to protect one’s home market dwarfs any benefits peering might provide.” – John Milburn
• KT Story
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Tac9c 24. Protect Peering Policy
• Defensive tac9c • Do not publish peering policy
• Require NDAs before peering discussions
• Reduces unqualified peering candidate requests
• Avoid court of public opinion and regulatory interest 46
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Tac9c 25. Change and Escalate Peering Prerequisites
• Defensive tac9c
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Tac9c 26. Make it Long and Difficult (MILD)
• Defensive tac9c • Comindico story
– Telstra anecdote – High Bar – Reschedule mtg – Swap out teams – More docs required – Mee9ng – Prereqs changing – Comindico bankrupt
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Tac9c 27. Congest Transit Pipes
• Makes paid peering look pre@y a@rac9ve, doesn’t it?
• Was this on purpose? • Or just a bad day?
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Tac9c 27. Congest Transit Pipes
• Maybe just a bad day? • 30 day view
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Tac9cs that don’t work
• Hold desirable content hostage
• Exert market dominance in a foreign market
• Threaten li9ga9on • Public name calling and badgering
• Blind peering requests with largest target peers first
• Demonstra9ng lack of knowledge regarding peer and backbone opera9ons
• Refusal to register in rou9ng registries
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