10 Pp t134 Lube
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Transcript of 10 Pp t134 Lube
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1
LUBRICATION SYSTEM
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LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Six Functions of Motor Oil
Reduce frictionReduce wear
Seal power
Absorb shockClean
Cool
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Lubrication System Types
Splash
Pressure Fed or Force
FeedCombination Pressure
Fed and Splash
Gasoline Oil Premix
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Lubricating System Parts
Oil pan
Oil pump
Pick-up screenPressure regulator
Oil filter
By-pass valve
Oil galleries
Dipstick
Pressure indicator
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Oil Pan
Storage reservoir for
motor oil.
Holds 3 to 6 quarts with4 as most average.
Plug on bottom to drain.
Pick-up screen sucks oilup from oil pump.
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Oil PumpsGear typesRotor
Gerotor type
All oil pumps use a pick-up screen in the pan and a pressure regulator.
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Oil Filters
Micro-porous paper
filters used to screen out
particles.Most filters of the
cartridge type.
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Oil Filter Systems
Remove harmful materials
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Bypass SystemsPart of oil to filter > pan
Part to bearings
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Shunt Filter SystemsSome oil through filter > bearings
Some directly to bearings
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Full Flow Filter SystemsAll oil goes through
filter
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Oil Level and Pressure Indicators
Dipstick the mostsimple
Some enginesequipped with anelectrical levelindicator.
Oil pressure
indicator lampOil pressure gauge(electrical ormechanical)
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Motor Oil Characteristics
Oil Viscosity/SAE
Ease which oil flows
S.A.E Rating (Society of Automotive Engineers)
Service Rating/API
Oil Quality
A.P.I. (American Petroleum Institute)
Other Fluids & Lubricants
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Oil Viscosity Chart
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A.P.I. Ratings
SA Straight mineral oil no additives.
SB 1930s motor oil with some detergent.
SC 1950s oil more additives.
SD 1960s enter multi-viscosity oils.SE 1970s emission controls make heat is problem.
SF 1980s improves fuel economy.
SG Late 1980s wider viscosity ranges.SH 1990s great stuff.
SJ Late 1990s
SL 200?s
SM Current
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Selecting Motor Oil
Pick proper viscosity as
recommended by
manufacturer.Pick proper service
rating as recommended
by the manufacturer.
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Automatic Transmission Fluid
(ATF)Has red color to identify
it from motor oil.
Several kinds:Dexron/Mercon
Type FA
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Gear Lube
Used in manual
transmissions and
differentials on rear drivecars.
Heavy viscosity 90W.
Looks like motor oil but
smells real bad!
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Chassis Grease
Conventional type of
petroleum grease.
Grease steering andsuspension parts.
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Other Types of Grease
Lithium grease or white
lube.
Used on mis. parts.
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Other Lubricants
WD-40 is a light oil with
graphite.
Liquid wrench is apenetrating oil for dry
and rusted bolts.
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Non Petroleum Lubricants
Silicone spray is for
rubber and plastic parts.
Doesnt work well onmetal.
Brake cleaner is like dry
cleaning fluid. Cleans off
grease and evaporatesin seconds.
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Other Useful Fluids
Carburetor choke and
throttle body cleaner.
Contains toluene.Starting fluid. Contains
ether.
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Oil Changes
Oil Change
frequency:
Every 25 -30hours.
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Oil Contamination
Blow-by gases add raw
gasoline and water to the oil
causing deterioration.
Excessive heat can cause
thermal breakdown.
Excessive cranking can
dilute oil with gasoline.
Cooling gasket leaks will ruin
oil causing sludge.
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Things That Make Oil Deteriorate
FasterShort distance driving.
(which is most trips)
Extensive idling.Cold weather operation.
Trailer towing.
Excessive heavy loadsDirty and dusty
conditions.
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Proper Oil Disposal
Waste motor oil is acontrolled waste.
Be sure to properlydispose of.
Oil filters too!
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Changing Oil
Find the drainplug andremove it.
Catch thewaste oil anddispose of itproperly.
Dont forget toreinstall theplug.
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Drain Plugs
Be careful never to strip
out drain plugs.
Extremely bad form.
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Changing the Filter
Remove the filter withan oil filter wrench.
Dispose of the filterproperly.
Install the new filterhand tight.
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Filter Problems
Always match the old to the new oil filter. The gasket andthread must be the same. If you make a mistake you canpump 5 quarts of oil on the floor in seconds!
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Chassis Lubrication & Fluid Checks
If the the vehicle is
equipped with zerk
fittings, grease thoseparts using the power
grease gun.
Find and clean the
fittings first, then injectthe grease. One kick
from the gun is plenty.
Under the car make the
following checks:
Gear lube in the differential
on rear drive cars.
Check tire air pressure. Be
sure to find the proper
inflation pressure.
Check manual transmission
fluid if the car is a stick shift.
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Refilling Motor Oil
Find crankcasecapacity in one ofthe following
references:
Owners manual?
Service manual.
Repair manual.Computerizedspecification system.
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Under Hood Checks
Motor oil level
Power steering fluid
Coolant levelBrake fluid
Automatic transmission
fluid. (The engine mustbe running)
Good technicians also do
these things:
Check belt and hose
condition.
Inspect the battery terminals.
Lubricate hood and door
hinges.
Look for anything unusual
under the hood.
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Changing Transmission Fluid
Remove transmission oil
pan. This is tricky so be
careful you dont get an oil
bath.
Catch oil in motor oil drain
pan with the tranny fluid
basin. Dispose of properly.
Change the filter, clean thepan, and reinstall the pan
with a new gasket.
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Replacing Filter and Pan Gasket
Buy a filter kit which
gives you a new filter
and gasket.
Treat used tranny filters
as you would an oil filter.