1 Work in pairs. What can you see in the photo?

2 Work with a new partner and compare your ideas.U3-p.37

3 Listen to a radio news program. What is the main news story? a the European Union b the economy c the weatherTrack 3.1U3-p.37c

scriptGood morning. Its eight a.m. and this is Charlotte Black with the main news today, Monday December 16. Later in todays program, we meet the Prime Minister to talk about the European Union. But first, the news headlines. Heavy rain and strong winds are causing chaos and damage on the roads this morning. Many roads are closed and police in the north of England are asking people to avoid traveling by car this morning. Trains are also affected, and Manchester airport is closed. In America, Track 3.1U3-p.37

4 What kind of news do you find from these things? Discuss these ways with your partner.

See Vocabulary Explorer: Page 118U3-p.37

3AThe history of writingVocabulary1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

e.g. My favorite .. is Treasure Island.

1 My dad reads the .... every morning. 2 My mom listens to the .. in the car. 3 My favorite . program is The X Factor. 4 At home, we watch .. with English subtitles. 5 I buy a computer .. every month.

See Vocabulary Explorer: Page 118bookU3-p.38newspaperradiotelevisionDVDsmagazine

3AThe history of writing2 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about some of the things in Exercise 1.

e.g. A: Whats your favorite book / television program / magazine? B: My favorite . . .U3-p.38

3AThe history of writingReading and listening3 What can you see in the pictures? Read and listen to the text and check your answers.U3-p.38Track 3.2top picture: Egyptian paintings and hieroglyphs.bottom left: cave paintings

3AThe history of writingCan you imagine your life without books, birthday cards or emails? People didnt have these things twenty thousand years ago. They didnt read or write, but they were artists. In those times, people drew and painted on cave walls. Their paintings of animals and people were the first recorded stories.U3-p.38

3AThe history of writingAbout five thousand years ago, the Egyptians also painted on walls. They painted hieroglyphs small pictures on the walls of the pyramids. Each picture represented one word.U3-p.38

3AThe history of writingA thousand years later, people in Samaria (modern-day Iraq) invented cuneiform a new system of symbols. Each symbol represented one sound. Different combinations of symbols made different words. It was a good system, but it wasnt fast. It took a long time to write by hand. Then in 1453, a man called Gutenberg made a machine to print words on paper. Suddenly, it was possible to make many copies of a book quickly. For the first time, ordinary people began to read. About four hundred years ago, the first newspapers appeared. Ordinary people also began to send letters with personal news to their family and friends.U3-p.38

3AThe history of writingFinally, in the 1980s and 1990s, computers became popular. Now we use email and the Internet to write to our friends without printing or paper.U3-p.38

3AThe history of writing4 Read the text again and complete the time line. The first newspapers appeared. Gutenberg invented a printing machine. The Egyptians painted pictures called hieroglyphs. The Samarians wrote with the cuneiform system.U3-p.39The Egyptians painted pictures called hieroglyphsThe Sumerians invented cuneiformGutenberg invented a printing machinethe first newspapers appeared

3AThe history of writingGrammar: past simple be5 Look at the example. Find five more sentences in the text with the past simple of be.

But they were artists.U3-p.39Their paintings of animals and people were It was a good system, but it wasnt fast.His first book was the Bible. Suddenly it was possible

3AThe history of writing6 Complete the table with the words in the box.See Grammar Explorer: Page 139U3-p.39waswerewasntwerent

3AThe history of writing7 Complete the sentences with the past simple form of be.

e.g. Gutenbergs printing machine . quick.

1 The pharaohs . Egyptian kings. 2 The cuneiform system . (not) fast.wasU3-p.39werewasnt

3AThe history of writingGrammar: past simple regular and irregular verbs8 Complete the table with the words in the box.See Grammar Explorer: Page 140U3-p.39paintedbegandidnt read

3AThe history of writing9 Find the regular past simple verbs and circle the irregular ones in the text.U3-p.39regular: painted, represented, invented, appearedirregular: didnt have, didnt read or write, drew, took, made, began, became

3AThe history of writing10 Complete the sentences with the past simple forms of the verbs.

e.g. We a great movie at the movie theater last weekend. (see)

1 We The Hobbit at school last year. (read) 2 Forty years ago, my grandparents a black and white TV. (have) 3 I .. television yesterday evening I did my homework. (not watch) 4 I .. to write when I five years old. (learn / be) 5 When we little, we a letter to Santa Claus every Christmas. (be / write)sawU3-p.40readhaddidnt watchlearntwaswerewrote

3AThe history of writing11 Complete the email with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.U3-p.40watchedwasdidnt likethoughtlooked forfound

3AThe history of writingWorking with words12 Look at the example. Then replace the underlined words with the expressions in the box.

e.g. My grandfather sent this letter 2 years ago. .

1 We went to Norway in January... 2 I bought this magazine last weekend. ..four weeksU3-p.40April / Septembermonth / Saturday

U3-p.403AThe history of writingend / begin, read / write, send /receive, speak / listen