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Native Americans

By: Eldridge

ED 417

Resource Unit

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Table of Contents

• Introduction…………………………………………page 3

• Content……………………………………………page 4-5

• Objectives…………………………………………...page 6

• Activities………………………………………...page 7-15

• Evaluation……………………………………...page 16-18

• Instructional Resources………………………...page 19-29

– Teacher References…………………………page 19-20

– Student References………………………….page 21-23

– Media References…………………………...page 24-29

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Introduction

Native Americans play a big part in the History of the United States. Over

the next three week students will learn all about Native Americans and how they played apart in our History.

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Content

–Students will learn all about Native Americans and their place in History. The students will learn about Native Americans way of life, their religion, music, food, Background, and their importance for us today.

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Content/ Vocabulary• Prairie

• Tribe

• Clan

• Lacrosse

• Teepee (teepee or tipi)

• Hogan

• Wampum

• Compromise

• Chief

• Cradle Board

• Hunter

• Gather

• Wigwam

• Headdress

• Reservation

• Headdress

• Buffalo

• Native American/ Indian

• Tribal Council

• Ceremony

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Objectives

• To explore Native American life in the areas of where they lived, their government, their rituals, living conditions, family life, etc.

• To experience the life of Native Americans by learning their rituals, songs, dances, and food.

• Promote cultural awareness.

• Teach the origins of Thanksgiving.

• Basic world geography, including the concepts of north, south, east, and west.

• Teach the significance of historical events on the world today.

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Activities

– Week One• Monday

Introduction to Indian Unit

– Book: Native Americans by Miller

– Activities: KWL Strategy

• Tuesday Southwest Indians

– Book:When Clay Sings by Baylor

– Activities:Students weave construction paper placemats to be used at the party Introduce the Navaho Beauty Song.

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Activities Continued...

• Wednesday Southwest Indians

– Book: Turquoise Boy by Cohlene

– Activities: Make a map on Navaho life including a key showing drawings of types of homes they lived in and the food they ate. Students make a tree diagram outlining the corn cycle. Sing the Navaho Beauty Song.

• Thursday Plains Indians

– Book: The Legend of the Bluebonnet by de Paola

– Activities: Students illustrate the rain cycle on worksheet. Students dance the Plains' Indians Rain Dance.

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• Friday Plains Indians

– Book:The Girl Who Loved Wild Horses by Gable

– Activities:Categorize Plains' animals and discuss the 5 main Plains' animal groups. Make an Indian poster about what has been learned about Plains' Indians. Make a teepee model from straws, clay, and construction paper.

Activities Continued...

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Activities Continued...

– Week Two• Monday

Southeast Indians

– Book: Dancing Drum by Cohlene

– Activities: Make a buckskin vest out of a paper bag . In cooperative groups. Role play the Indian stories that have been previously read.

• Tuesday Northeast Algonquin Indians

– Book: The Rough-Face Girl by Martin

– Activities: Make an Indian necklace from colored macaroni. As a whole class make a comparison map, on the board, showing similarities between Cinderella and the Rough-Face Girl.

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Activities Continued...

• Wednesday Northeast Algonquin Indians

– Book: The Star Maiden by Esbensen

– Activities: Make moccasins from construction paper to match the students foot size and use them to measure classroom items. Cut out flower from worksheet and label the various parts.

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Activities Continued...

• Friday Northwest Indians

– Book: How Raven Brought Light to People by Dixon

– Activities: Make a chain of ideas about how life would be different without the sun. Use black and white construction paper to draw a day sky and night sky and write something that can be done during the day but not at night.

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Activities Continued...

– Week Three

• Monday Inuit (Eskimo)

– Book: Song of Sedna by San Souci

– Activities: Review Arctic climate and brainstorm with students about other ways in which Inuits might get food or clothing. Make a class chart comparing and contrasting Inuit life with our life in the United States. Use personal journal writing time to write about what may have happened after the end of the story.

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Activities Continued...

• Tuesday Native Americans

– Book: Brother Eagle, Sister Sky by Jeffers

– Activities: Write a letter to Chief Seattle about today's environment.. Make Indian pudding for the class party.

• Wednesday Conclusion

– Video: The Native Americans by Turner Broadcasting

– Activities: Wear previous made vests, head dresses, and macaroni necklaces. Watch video and write reactions in personal journal. Make beans and tortillas. Brainstorm what has been learned.

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Activities Continued...

• ThursdayConclusion:

– Activities: Review for the test over Native Americans Conclusion:

– Activities: Review for the test over Native Americans.

• Friday

– Activities: Test over Native Americans

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Evaluation

True/ False

Directions: Place a T or F in front of each statement to indicate whether each statement is True or False.

1.) ___ Indians caught many diseases and died by the thousands after coming in contact with the explorers.

2. )___ Settlers and Indians never got along and always had conflicts.

3.) ___ Some tribes traveled to follow their food source.

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Evaluation Continued...Multiple Choice

Directions: Circle the answer that best fits the question.

4.) A Native American tent; usually cone shaped made of tall poles covered with

bark or animal skinsA. cradle board B. pueblo C. teepee D. long house

5.) People who grew their own foodA. gatherers B. cradle board C. farmers D. long house

6.) A small wooden board made to carry a babyA. farmers B. teepee C. cradle board D. gatherers

7.) People who pick and find their foodA. gatherers B. canoe C. pictograph D. farmers

8.) A Native American house made with bent poles and covered with bark or hidesA. pictograph B. farmers C. gatherers D. wigwam

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Evaluation Continued...

Short Answer

Directions: Read the questions carefully and answer in 2-3 sentences.

9.)Compare and contrast two Native American Tribes.

10.) What beliefs about land and nature did most Native Americans share?

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Instructional Resources (Teacher References)

• NATIVE WEB

– http://www.nativeweb.orgA major gateway site with a huge amount of information. Nations Index, Geographic Region Index, Subject Index, Law and Legal Issues, a Resource Center, the Top 5% Sites, FAQ’s About Native Cultures, a searchable database and more.

• ALASKA NATIVE KNOWLEDGE NETWORK

– http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/A gateway site for Native American issues, education and interests. Includes Sharing Our Pathways Newsletter, the Alaska Standards for Culturally Responsive Schools, Native Pathways to Education, Indigenous Knowledge System, Alaska Native Cultural Resources, Indigenous Education Worldwide, and Culturally Based Curriculum Resources. An outstanding site with a huge amount of information.

• ALFY’SPICKSFORNATIVEAMERICAN

– http://www.alfy.com/teachers/teach/thematic_units/Native_Americans/Native_Americans_1.aspA thematic unit for primary students on Native Americans. Sections: Native American Bedtime Stories, Native American Tales, American Indian Kids, Native American Shelters, Ohio’s Historic Indians, Life as a Wampanoag, Southwest Native Americans and Natives of North America.

• ALL ABOUT NATIVE AMERICANS

– http://www.suelebeau.com/nativeamericans.htmA page of links to information on Native Americans.

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Instructional Resources (Teacher References)

• AMERICAN HISTORICAL IMAGES ON FILE – THE NATIVE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE

– http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/nae/A large collection of historical images (photographs, engravings, woodcuts, etc.) of Native Americans. Arranged by date.

• AMERICAN INDIANS: CHEROKEE, APACHE, NAVAJO, CHEYENNE, PUEBLO, TRIBES, SIOUX, BLACKFOOT, GEORGE

– http://www.thewildwest.org/native_american/index.html"Read about native legends, heroes, leaders (like Geronimo), and great battles (like Custer's Army's last stand). And understand the religions of the Blackfoot Indians and the Cheyenne, who Kachinas are, and the background of The People (Navajo history). Enjoy the wisdom and peace that American Indian culture has with nature." Sections: Society, Legends, Faces, Wisdom, Places, Art and Religion.

• AMERICAN INDIANS AND THE NATURAL WORLD

– http://www.carnegiemuseums.org/cmnh/exhibits/north-south-east-west/index.htmlA site from the Carnegie Museum of Natural History on the belief systems , philosophies and practical knowledge of four different tribes: The Tlingit of the Northwest Coast, The Hopi of the Southwest, The Iroquois of the Northeast and the Lakota of the Plains.

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Instructional Resources (Student References)

• Books: Books about the lives and aspects of Native Americans.– Native Americans by Miller

– When Clay Sings by Baylor

– Turquoise Boy by Cohlene

– The Legend of the Bluebonnet by de Paola

– The Girl Who Loved Wild Horses by Gable

– Dancing Drum by Cohlene

– The Rough-Face Girl by Martin

– The Star Maiden by Esbensen

– How Raven Brought Light to People by Dixon

– Brother Eagle, Sister Sky by Jeffers

– Song of Sedna by San Souci

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Instructional Resources (Student References)

• Websites:– Oyate, A Native organization working to see that Native lives and histories are portrayed

honestly.http://www.oyate.org

– American Indians in Children's Literature blog:http://americanindiansinchildrensliterature.blogspot.com/

– NativeTech: Native American Technology and Arthttp://www.nativetech.org

– Native Webhttp://www.nativeweb.org/

– Boston Children's Museum's information on Wambanoag Indians.http://tc.bostonkids.org/

– The Museum of Muskogee Creek Indian community of North Florida including folk tales:

http://www.freenet.tlh.fl.us/Museum/

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Instructional Resources (Student References)

• Websites Continued…– US Library of Medicine's section on Historical Native American Healthcare:

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/if_you_knew/if_you_knew_01.html – Native American stories for Youths:

http://indy4.fdl.cc.mn.us/~isk/stories/stories.html – Center for World Indigenous Studies:

http://www.cwis.org/ – Oregon Trail Homepage:

http://www.isu.edu/~trinmich/Oregontrail.html – Woodland Culture Centre:

http://www.woodland-centre.on.ca/mm.html – American Indian History, including contemporary history:

http://www.csulb.edu/projects/ais/index.html – PBS's teacher resources for the Lewis and Clark Expedition:

http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/ – Smithsonian: Native American History and Culture:

http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmai/start.htm – NATIVE AMERICAS: Hemispheric Journal of Indigenous Issues

http://nativeamericas.aip.cornell.edu/

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Instructional Resources (Media References)

• Videos:Educational videos about the lives of Native Americans• The Native Americans by Turner Broadcasting

• America's Great Indian Leaders (VHS)

• Ancient Indian cultures of Northern Arizona (VHS)

• Big sister, little sister (Winnebago women) (VHS)

• Black Indians, an American Story (VHS)

• Call for Peace Drum & Dance Company (VHS)

• Central America the burden of time (DVD)

• Crazy Horse the last warrior (VHS)

• Faith keeper (Owen Lyons w/ Bill Moyers)

• George Custer showdown at Little Big Horn (VHS)

• Geranimo and the Apache resistance Ghost dance

• Her mother before her Winnebago women's stories of their mothers & grandmothers (VHS)

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Instructional Resources (Media References)

• History of Native Americans (VHS)

• Hopi, songs of the fourth world (VHS)

• I will fight no more forever

• In the white man's image (VHS)

• Inca secrets of the ancestors (VHS)

• Incas (VHS)

• Incas remembered (VHS)

• Ishi the last Yahi (DVD)

• Itam hakim, Lopiit in recognition of the Hopi tricenntennial (VHS)

• Keep the River on Your Right (DVD)

• Last Stand at Little Big Horn (DVD)

• Lewis & Clark the journey of the Corps of Discovery (VHS)

• Maya the blood of Kings

• More than bows and arrows (VHS)

• Mountain Wolf Woman (VHS)

• Mystic lands v1. Anasazi (VHS)

• Native American Healing in the 21st Century (DVD)

• Native American Medicine: Linkng Traditional and Modern Complementary Healing (DVD)

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Instructional Resources (Media References)

• Native Americans: the First Peoples (DVD)

• Native land; nomads of the dawn (VHS)

• Navajo code talkers (DVD)

• Ojibwe History (VHS)

• Ojibwe Music (VHS)

• Place called Chiapas (DVD & VHS)

• Pocahontas: Ambassador of the New World (DVD)

• Primal mind (w/ Jamake Highwater) (VHS)

• Return of Navajo Boy (VHS)

• Seasons of a Navajo (VHS)

• Secrets of lost empires. Inca (VHS)

• Secrets of the dead (DVD)

• Sisters & Friends (Winnebago women) (VHS)

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Instructional Resources (Media References)

• Sitting Bull: Chief of the Lakota Nation (DVD)

• Treaty of 1868 (VHS)

• War for the Black Hills (VHS)

• White man's way (VHS)

• Winds of change. A matter of promises (VHS)

• Winnebago women songs & stories (VHS)

• Wisconsin Powwows Naamikaaged, dancer for the people (VHS)

• Woven by the grandmothers; Navajo textiles from the 19th Century (VHS)

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Instructional Resources (Media References)

– Series Videos/DVDs

500 Nations (8 DVD volumes): v1. The Ancestors; v2. Mexico; v3. Clash of Cultures; v4. Invasion of the Coast; v5. Cauldron of War; v6. Removal; v7. Across the Plains; v8. Attack of Culture.

American Indian artists (3 VHS volumes) v1. Jaune Quick-to-See Smith; v2. Dan Namingha; v3. Larry Golsh

Forest Spirits (Oneida of Wisconsin) (7 VHS volumes):v1. To keep a heritage alive; v2. Learning path; v3. Land is life; v4. Ancestors of those unborn; v5. Living with traditions; v6. Dreamers with power; v7.Dreamers with power (part 2)

Four Lakes region before white settlement (2 VHS volumes):v1. The vegetation of Dane County in the 1930's; The selection of Madison as the state capitol; v2. The Voyageur; Winnebago Indian life

How the West was lost (3 VHS vols.):v1. A clash of culture; I will fight no more forever; v2. Always the money; the only good Indian is a dead Indian; v3. A good day to die; kill the Indian, save the man

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Instructional Resources (Media References)

Images of Indians (5 VHS volumes):v1. Heathen Injuns & the Hollywood gospel; v2. Great movie massacre; v3. Movie reel Indians; v4. Warpaint & wigs; v5. How Hollywood wins the West

JVC video anthology of world music and dance (2 VHS volumes of series applicable): v27 The Americas I: North American Indians; v28 The Americas II: Mexico/Cuba/ Bolivia/Argentina

Way west (4 DVD volumes):v1. Westward, the course of empire takes its way, 1845-1864; v2. The approach of civilization 1865-1869; v3. The war for the Black Hills 1870-1876; v4. Ghost dance 1877-1893