1 International Conference on Orthotics and ProstheticsHead of Sponsorship Ts. Nagentrau Muniandy,...
Transcript of 1 International Conference on Orthotics and ProstheticsHead of Sponsorship Ts. Nagentrau Muniandy,...
20th -21st November 2019
Auditorium, UOW Malaysia KDU
Utropolis, Glenmarie
In Partnership with
Sponsored by Supported by
1st International Conference on
Orthotics and Prosthetics
(iCOP 2019)
“Empowering Disability Through Technology”
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 1
1st International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics
(iCOP 2019) 20th -21st November 2019
UOW Malaysia KDU, Utropolis, Glenmarie Shah Alam
Contents
Welcome Message ............................................................................. 2
Committees ........................................................................................ 3
Information ......................................................................................... 4
Conference Programme ..................................................................... 5
Keynote Speakers ............................................................................... 7
Invited Speakers ............................................................................... 12
Abstracts ........................................................................................... 17
Sponsor ............................................................................................. 33
Exhibitors .......................................................................................... 34
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 2
Welcome Message
The 1st International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 19) is a collaboration between reputable universities such as Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), University of Malaya (UM), KDU University College (KDUUC), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UITM), University of Bath and International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics (ISPO) that aims to create a platform to share experiences, build partnerships and explore innovative solutions for the benefit of patients and the key players of engineering, technologies and industry in the field of Orthotics and Prosthetics (O & P). The conference is themed Empowering Disability through Technology. This event will host an exhibition from industry and medicals partners which will open our eyes to new technologies, new possibilities, new solutions and new opportunities in the development of O&P products and services. In fact a breakthrough research has been done whereby the prosthetic socket that was made out of natural resources known as kenaf is displayed here. ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS TODAY It is a pleasure for me to be here this morning and have the opportunity of sharing with you some views regarding the current status of the orthotics and prosthetics. For your kind information there are too few service providers to provide adequate service to the ever-increasing handicapped population. This results all too frequently in undue delay in fitting patients with artificial limbs or orthotic devices. It also tends to lower the quality of appliances provided, in that the demands of time alter the care and skill of fabrication. I think that there will be little disagreement that more manpower is needed in the field. The following possible solutions to this problem exist. Thus, an intensive and organized effort to attract intelligent young men into the profession is needed. This should be an all-out effort conducted as a function of our national organization and extending into all areas of the country. Young generation at every university or college in the nation should be made aware of the fascinating potentials which exist in this profession, being as it is, a common merging ground for the sciences of medicine and engineering. Thanking the iCOP 2019 PARTICIPANTS & COMMITTEE I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt thanks to all the participants, keynote speakers and exhibitors for your very active participation and support. Besides that, I sincerely appreciate iCOP2019 committee members especially from KDU (Dr Praveena, Dr Tan Sin Jin, Dr Cheng Xiau San, Ts Nagentrau, Mr Kenneth, Mr Dzulhelmy) for their dedication and commitment towards the success of the 1st International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 19). Your work is truly commendable. I sincerely hope that you will enjoy the 1st International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 19) through the scientific exchanges you engage in. With best wishes for a successful Conference, Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamed Thariq bin Haji Hameed Sultan Chairman International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 19)
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 3
Committees
Chairman Assoc. Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohamed Thariq bin Haji Hameed Sultan, UPM
Co-Chair Dr. Sivajothi Paramasivam, UOW Malaysia KDU
Co-Chair Dr. Nooranida binti Arifin, UM
Secretary Dr. Praveena Nair Sivasankaran, UOW Malaysia KDU
Treasurer Dr. Kenneth Fung Hon Ngen, UOW Malaysia KDU
Head of Publication Dr. Mohammad Jawaid, UPM
Head of Sponsorship Ts. Nagentrau Muniandy, UOW Malaysia KDU
Head of Promotion Dr. Alireza Zourmand, UOW Malaysia KDU
Head of Multimedia Mohamad Dzulhelmy bin Amari, UOW Malaysia KDU
Head of Logistics Dr. Cheng Xiau San, UOW Malaysia KDU
Head of Technical Program
Dr. Tan Sin Jin, UOW Malaysia KDU
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 4
Information The 1st International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics 2019 (iCOP2019) warmly welcomes academics, industry leaders and students to a 2 day conference focusing on new advancements in the field of limb prosthetics, robotics and related disciplines. With the theme, "Empowering Disability through Technology", iCOP2019 seeks to gather key stakeholders in the field and promote knowledge sharing and collaboration.
Conference Venue Auditorium, Level 3A, UOW Malaysia KDU
Speakers Presentation Venue Auditorium, Level 3A, UOW Malaysia KDU Discovery Circle 1, Level 2, UOW Malaysia KDU Discovery Circle 2, Level 2, UOW Malaysia KDU
Conference Identification Tag All participants will be issued with conference identification tag upon registration. All participants are expected to wear the tag at all times.
Refreshment and Lunch Refreshment and lunch will be served outside Auditorium.
Muslim Prayer Room/Surau The prayer rooms are located at Ground Floor.
Certificate for Oral Presenters Oral presenters will receive a certificate of presentation from the session chair after their presentations or at the end of the session.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 5
Conference Programme
Tim
e
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0 a
m -
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0 a
m
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.00
am
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m
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am
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pm
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pm
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m -
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m
3.1
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5 p
m
3.4
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m -
4.4
5 p
m
Ora
l pre
sen
tati
on
s
Ven
ue:
Au
dit
ori
um
, Lev
el 3
A
Sess
ion
ch
air:
Ass
ista
nt
Pro
fess
or
Dr.
Mo
ham
ed K
han
Aft
hab
Ah
amed
Kh
an, U
CSI
1)
20
19
11
01
: Fa
bri
cati
on
of
Stew
art
Pla
tfo
rm A
ctu
ate
d b
y
Pn
eum
ati
c A
rtif
icia
l Mu
scle
fo
r Fo
ot/
An
kle
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ab
ilita
tio
n
2)
20
19
11
06
: Th
e In
flu
ence
of
Ma
ng
an
ese
Oxi
de
on
th
e
Den
sifi
cati
on
an
d M
ech
an
ica
l Pro
per
ties
of
3Y
-TZP
cer
am
ic
3)
20
19
11
09
: V
ari
ab
le S
tiff
nes
s a
nd
Sh
ap
e In
terf
ace
to
Imp
rove
Co
mfo
rt in
Ort
ho
ses
an
d P
rost
hes
es
4)
20
19
11
02
: R
evie
w o
f A
ctu
ato
rs in
Fo
ot/
An
kle
Reh
ab
ilita
tio
n
Ther
ap
y
Ora
l pre
sen
tati
on
s
Ven
ue:
Dis
cove
ry C
ircl
e 2
, Lev
el 2
Sess
ion
ch
air:
Dr.
Nat
iara
, UiT
M
1)
20
19
11
12
: Se
ati
ng
Fo
ot
Pre
ss G
ymn
asi
um
Su
pp
ort
ing
fo
r
Reh
ab
ilita
tio
n P
eop
le:
Imp
rove
men
t o
f ti
me,
Co
mfo
rta
bili
ty
an
d R
ap
id D
rop
An
aly
sis
2)
20
19
11
05
: A
Co
mp
ara
tive
An
aly
sis
bet
wee
n C
on
ven
tio
na
l
Ma
nu
fact
uri
ng
an
d A
dd
itiv
e M
an
ufa
ctu
rin
g o
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nkl
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Ort
ho
sis
3)
20
19
11
03
: D
evel
op
ing
an
d T
esti
ng
an
In
terf
ace
Pre
ssu
re
Co
ntr
ol S
yste
m in
3D
Pri
nte
d T
ran
stib
ial P
rost
het
ic S
ock
et
4)
20
19
11
14
: D
evel
op
men
t O
f C
ust
om
ised
Ort
ho
tics
In
sole
usi
ng
Pre
ssu
re D
istr
ibu
tio
n a
nd
Ad
dit
ive
Ma
nu
fact
uri
ng
Tech
no
log
y: A
na
lysi
s O
f A
BS
An
d T
PU
Ma
teri
als
4.4
5 p
m
Invi
ted
sp
eake
r 2
Dr.
Alp
ha
Aga
pe
Go
pal
ai, M
on
ash
Un
iver
sity
Wea
rab
le T
ech
no
log
y: A
ssis
tin
g R
eha
bil
ita
tio
n, I
mp
rovi
ng
Qu
ali
ty o
f Li
fe
Age
nd
a
Reg
istr
atio
n
Wel
com
e re
mar
ks
(Ass
oc.
Pro
f. Ir
. Ts.
Dr.
Mo
ham
ed T
har
iq b
in H
aji H
amee
d S
ult
an, C
hai
rman
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m -
11
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g ce
rem
on
y b
y M
inis
ter
(YB
M. T
engk
u Z
ulp
uri
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ah b
in R
aja
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ji, D
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ty M
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of
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and
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ral R
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es)
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oto
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ak
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ch 1
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f G
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UO
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Soft
Ro
bo
tics
fo
r P
rost
het
ic D
evic
es; C
an
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ft R
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g P
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step
Clo
ser
to T
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r N
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nte
rpa
rts?
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Aap
ps
(Ms.
Asl
iza
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mad
)
Co
nta
ct P
ress
ure
in T
he
Ch
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u B
race
in P
ati
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wit
h D
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-Cu
rve
Ad
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scen
t Id
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s
Lun
ch
Key
no
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pee
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(Dr.
No
ora
nid
a &
Pro
f K
azu
hir
o S
akai
, ISP
O)
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O’s
Vis
ion
, Mis
sio
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nd
Cu
rren
t St
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s
Invi
ted
sp
eake
r 1
(Ass
ista
nt
Pro
fess
or
Dr.
Mo
ham
ed K
han
Aft
hab
Ah
amed
Kh
an, U
CSI
)
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der
n T
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ds
in R
ob
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c Su
rger
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Bre
ak
End
1st
Inte
rnat
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on
fere
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on
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d P
rost
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ics
(iC
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201
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ay, 2
0 N
ove
rmb
er
20
19
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 6
Tim
e
9.0
0 a
m -
9.3
0 a
m
9.3
0 a
m -
10
.15
am
10
.15
am
- 1
0.3
0 a
m
10
.30
am
- 1
1.0
0 a
m
11
.00
am
- 1
2.0
0 a
m
12
.00
pm
- 1
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0 p
m
12
. 30
pm
- 1
.30
pm
1.3
0 p
m -
2.1
5 p
m
2.1
5 p
m -
2.4
5 p
m
2.4
5 p
m -
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0 p
m
3.0
0 p
m -
3.1
5 p
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3.1
5 p
m -
3.4
5 p
m
3.4
5 p
m -
4.3
0 p
m
Ora
l pre
sen
tati
on
s
Ven
ue:
Au
dit
ori
um
, Lev
el 3
A
Sess
ion
ch
air:
Dr.
Tin
g C
hen
Hu
nt,
UTA
R
1)
20
19
11
07
: Mo
dif
ied
Ad
just
ab
le A
nkl
e Fo
ot
Ort
ho
sis
Foll
ow
ing
Bo
tuli
nu
m T
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act
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pa
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lsy
2)
20
19
11
10
: A N
ew P
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na
lise
d L
iner
wit
h E
mb
edd
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Tem
per
atu
re a
nd
Hu
mid
ity
Sen
sors
fo
r Lo
wer
Lim
b
Am
pu
tees
3)
20
19
11
04
: Th
e Ef
fect
s o
f P
rost
het
ic K
nee
Jo
ints
in
Wa
lkin
g a
nd
Du
al-
task
Act
ivit
y P
erfo
rma
nce
in
Tra
nsf
emo
ral A
mp
ute
es
Ora
l pre
sen
tati
on
s
Ven
ue:
Dis
cove
ry C
ircl
e 2
, Lev
el 2
Sess
ion
ch
air:
Dr.
Ch
an C
ho
w K
hu
en, U
M
1)
20
19
11
11
: Fo
ot
Lax:
A W
eb-b
ase
d T
oo
l fo
r Se
lf-
ma
na
gem
ent
of
Bu
nio
ns
2)
20
19
11
13
: Dev
elo
pm
ent
of
Co
un
ter
Ba
lan
ce A
rm S
lin
g
CB
AS
Ass
isti
ve D
evic
e fo
r H
emip
are
sis
Po
st-S
tro
ke
Reh
ab
ilit
ati
on
Peo
ple
3)
20
19
11
08
: Th
e In
flu
ence
of
the
Tra
nst
ibia
l Pro
sth
etic
Len
gth
on
Ga
it P
att
ern
an
d W
alk
ing
Sta
bil
ity
Ora
l pre
sen
tati
on
s
Ven
ue:
Dis
cove
ry C
ircl
e 1
, Lev
el 2
Sess
ion
ch
air:
Ms.
Far
ah S
yazw
ani,
UP
M
1)
20
19
11
15
: EEG
-ba
sed
Bra
in W
ave
Co
ntr
oll
ed
Inte
llig
ent
Pro
sth
etic
Arm
2)
20
19
11
16
: Su
rfa
ce E
lect
rom
yog
rap
hy
Sig
na
l
for
Art
ific
ial H
an
d C
on
tro
l
3)
20
19
11
16
: Art
ific
ial H
eart
Va
lves
: A R
evie
w
on
th
e M
ate
ria
ls a
nd
Pro
cess
es In
volv
ed
4.3
0 p
m -
5.0
0 p
m
5.0
0 p
m -
5.1
5 p
m
5.1
5 p
m
Shar
ing
Sess
ion
fro
m P
rost
het
ic U
sers
(Mr.
Ch
on
g W
ei T
att
& M
r. K
hai
rul)
Socs
o
(Mr.
Ken
net
h T
an)
Age
nd
a
Clo
sin
g re
mar
ks
(Ass
oc.
Pro
f. Ir
. Ts.
Dr.
Mo
ham
ed T
har
iq b
in H
aji H
amee
d S
ult
an, C
hai
rman
)
(YB
hg.
Pro
f. D
ato
' Dr.
Mu
ham
mad
Fau
zi M
oh
d Z
ain
, Dir
ecto
r, In
stit
uti
on
s o
f H
igh
er E
du
cati
on
Res
earc
h E
xcel
len
ce D
ivis
ion
(B
KP
I), D
epar
tmen
t o
f H
igh
er E
du
cati
on
, Mo
E)
Co
nfe
ren
ce C
erti
fica
tes
Giv
ing
(Sp
on
sor
& E
xhib
ito
rs)
End
Thu
rsd
ay, 2
1 N
ove
mb
er
20
19
Key
no
te 4
(Ass
oc.
Pro
f. Ir
. Dr.
Irra
ivan
Ela
mva
zuth
i, U
TP)
Per
spec
tive
s o
n E
mer
gin
g In
no
vati
ve R
eha
bil
ita
tio
n T
ech
no
log
ies
Lun
ch
Invi
ted
sp
eake
r 4
Dr.
Ch
an B
ee T
ing,
UC
SI
Bio
mec
ha
nic
s in
a D
isea
sed
Hea
rt
Flas
h t
alk
(En
do
lite
& M
r. G
ary)
Flas
h t
alk
(Oss
ur)
Bre
ak
Reg
istr
atio
n
Key
no
te 3
(Dr.
Saa
ri M
oh
amed
Yat
im, H
ead
of
Reh
abili
tati
on
Dep
artm
ent
at H
osp
ital
Ser
dan
g)
Bre
ak
Invi
ted
sp
eake
r 3
(Dr.
Ch
an C
ho
w K
hu
en, U
M)
Co
mp
uta
tio
na
l Bio
mec
ha
nic
s a
nd
Mu
scu
losk
elet
al M
od
elin
g in
Qu
an
tify
ing
Hu
ma
n M
ove
men
ts d
ue
to D
iffe
ren
t Fa
cto
rs
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 7
Keynote Speakers
Prof. Gursel Alici
School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering
Applied Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering Research (AMBER) Group
ARC Center of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES) University of Wollongong, 2522 NSW, Australia
Prof. Gursel Alici received his BSc degree in Mechanical Engineering from Middle East Technical
University, Turkey, in 1988, and Ph.D. degree in Robotics from the Department of Engineering
Science, Oxford University, Oxford, U.K., in 1994. He is currently a Senior Professor at the
University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia, where he is the Head of the School of
Mechanical, Materials. Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering since 2011. His research
interests are soft robotics, system dynamics and control, robotic drug delivery systems, novel
actuation concepts for biomechatronic applications, robotic mechanisms and manipulation
systems, soft and smart actuators and sensors, prosthetic devices, and medical robotics. He has
generated more than 350-refereed publications and delivered numerous invited seminars and
keynote talks on his areas of research.
Prof. Gursel Alici was a Technical Editor of the IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics during
2008–2012. He is a Technical Editor of the IEEE Access, the first IEEE open access journal with
interdisciplinary scope. He has served on the international program committees of numerous
IEEE/ASME International Conferences on Robotics and Mechatronics. He was the General Chair
of the 2013 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics held in
Wollongong, Australia. He is the leader of Soft Robotics for Prosthetic Devices theme of the ARC
Center of Excellence for Electromaterials Science. He received the Outstanding Contributions to
Teaching and Learning Award in 2010, the Vice-Chancellor’s Interdisciplinary Research
Excellence Award in 2013, and Vice-Chancellor’s Award for Research Supervision in 2018 from
the University of Wollongong. He has held a visiting professorship position at Swiss Federal
Institute of Technology, Lausanne (EPFL) (2007, 2010), City University of Hong Kong (2014),
University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) (2015), and University of British Columbia,
Canada (2019).
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 8
Soft robotics for prosthetic devices; can soft robotics bring prosthetic devices one-step closer to their natural counterparts? Although there is no universally agreed definition for robotics, we define robotics as the science
and engineering of reprogrammable, multi-functional, multi-purpose and versatile systems and
devices intelligently linking sensing to action in order to undertake a diverse range of tasks. This
definition can be extended to soft robotics as the science and engineering of the robots
primarily made of soft materials, components and monolithic active structures such that these
soft robots can safely interact with and adapt to their environment better than the robots made
of hard components. Soft robotics offers unprecedented solutions for applications involving
safe interaction with humans and objects, and manipulating and grasping fragile objects, crops
and similar agricultural products. Further, the progress in soft robotics will have a significant
impact especially on medical applications such as wearable robots, prosthetic devices, assistive
devices, and rehabilitation devices. Soft materials with programmable mechanical, electrical
and rheological properties, and conformable to additive manufacturing based on 3D printing
are essential to make soft robots. We should also re-visit current robotics concepts to establish
new design/manufacturing/modelling/control principles for soft robotic systems.
In this talk, we aim to update on where we are in soft robotics to build prosthetic hands with
features that will bring them one-step closer to their natural counterparts. The history of
prosthetic hands dates back to 202 BC. Since then, significant efforts have been dedicated to
the development of prosthetic hands. The primary features of a prosthetic hand should be to
receive and identify its user’s intention noninvasively, and equally importantly send sensory
feedback about its “state” to its user noninvasively in order to help “restore normality” for its
user. The communication between a prosthetic device and its user (i.e., human-machine
interface) has been a challenging research problem. We will also present the progress we have
made in the research theme of soft robotics for prosthetic devices and the establishment of a
fully 3D printed transradial prosthetic hand at our research center, ACES, at University of
Wollongong.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 9
Prof. Kazuhiro Sakai ISPO Executive Board Member
Prosthetics and Orthotics Director
University of Human Arts and Sciences, Japan
Prof. Kazuhiro Sakai is a Professor in the Department of Rehabilitation, University of Human Arts and Sciences, Japan. He has been involved in the Prosthetics and Orthotics industry and academia since 1987 and has more than 30 years of experience in both Japan and Thailand. Professor Sakai currently serves as an Executive Board Member of the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics and Vice President of the Japanese Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics.
ISPO’s Vision, Mission and Current Status The International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics (ISPO) was founded as a non-governmental organisation (NGO) in 1970, in Copenhagen, Denmark. For almost 50 years, ISPO has provided an effective platform for the exchange and communication on all aspects of the science and practice associated with the provision of prosthetic and orthotic care, rehabilitation engineering and related areas. ISPO’s mission is to improve the quality of life for persons who may benefit from the rehabilitation practice of prosthetic, orthotic, mobility and assistive technology by: Promoting multidisciplinary practice Facilitating professional education to provide quality care Promoting research and evidence-based practice Facilitating innovative and appropriate technology development Fostering international collaboration and consensus Facilitating knowledge exchange
ISPO is also a global organization which has 74 member societies (2019), over 3,100 members, represented in 101 countries. In my Keynote, I would like to share with audience on ISPO’s vision and mission as well as ongoing activities.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
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Dr. Saari Mohamad Yatim Head of Rehabilitation Department
Hospital Serdang, Malaysia
Dr. Saari Mohamad Yatim is a Consultant Rehabilitation Physician and Head of Rehabilitation
Department at Hospital Serdang. He also serves as the Selangor State Advisor of Rehabilitation
Medicine Services and as Deputy National Head Advisor of Rehabilitation Medicine Services,
Ministry of Health Malaysia. Dr Saari’s area of expertise are in Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation
and Amputee Rehabilitation. He also sits as an Executive Board Member of the Asia-Oceanian
Society of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
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Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Irraivan Elamvazuthi Dept of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia
Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Irraivan Elamvazuthi obtained his PhD from the Department of Automatic
Control & Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK in 2002. Currently, he is an Associate
Professor at the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi
PETRONAS (UTP). Before joining UTP, he has worked at University Kuala Lumpur, Standards and
Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) and UMW Industrial Pzower. His research
interests include Control & Systems Engineering with focus on Robotics, Bio-Medical, Energy
and Optimization. He is a member of IEEE, IEEE Robotics & Automation Society (RAS) and IEEE
Control Systems Society. He is currently the chair of IEEE Robotics & Automation Society,
Malaysia Chapter.
Perspectives on Emerging Innovative Rehabilitation Technologies
Stroke is the primary cause of disability in many countries. The goal of rehabilitation is to assist
stroke patients to achieve and to maintain quality of life. In this regard, the development of
exoskeletons has ushered new era aimed at optimizing restoration of quality of life to those
who are physically debilitated. In this talk, perspectives on emerging innovative rehabilitation
technologies would be presented. The benefits of these technologies on the patients and
caregivers would be elucidated.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
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Invited Speakers
Ms. Noor Asliza Ahmad BioApps Sdn Bhd
University Of Malaya Medical Centre
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Contact Pressure in The Chêneau Brace in Patients with Double-Curve Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis The Chêneau brace has proven its effectiveness in treating the Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
(AIS) patient. However, no studies reported on the analysis of contact pressure in double curve
AIS patients. In this study, we evaluated the contact pressure of the Chêneau brace action in
double curve AIS patient treatment. A total of 72 (60 girls and 12 boys) patients aged 10 years
and above recruited in the study. The F-socket transducers (9811E) were used to evaluate the
pressure on the right thoracic and left thoracolumbar curves between normal and maximum
strap tension and variation of these contact pressure with other tasks. Each patient was asked
to do nine different tasks corresponding to daily activities and the contact pressures for each
activity were recorded for both normal and maximum tension. The resultant Mean Peak
Pressure (MPP) in double curve AIS was higher for right thoracic curve than left thoracolumbar
curve in all tasks. The pressure significantly increased at the task of maximal inspiration (p <
0.0001) for both types of curves for normal and maximum tension. The degrees of correction
for the thoracic and thoracolumbar curves were 23.2% and 34.5% respectively, after 6 months
of brace use (23 h per day). Hence, we could not find any substantial correlation between MPP
in standing position and degree of scoliosis correction for two curves having r = 0.158, p = 0.356
and r = -0.024, p = 889 values.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
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Assistant Professor Dr. Mohamed Khan Afthab Ahamed Khan Faculty of Engineering, Technology & Built Environment
UCSI University
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Modern Trends in Robotic Surgery
Over two decades Robotic surgery has been around, and has been a revolutionary step in
improving not only in health care medical technology but also in surgical procedures. The
application of robotics in medical health care procedures and other surgical applications has
become common place in the past decade. Robotic surgery now days are widely accepted across
the globe, the drive to provide simpler, more efficient and economical equipment is driving
researchers to reach new heights. Robotic surgery has been successfully implemented in several
hospitals around the globe and has received worldwide acceptance. Medical Robotics not only
enhances non-invasive or minimally invasive surgical procedures it eliminates or decreases
technical difficulties faced by clinicians and also offers less pain and discomfort for patients. The
most important fact is it lower surgical and hospitalization costs. The focus of this talk is to
provide a review of the latest robotic surgical technology and the new challenge for surgeons
and engineer, classify and compare the surgical robotic systems and discuss their future
directions.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 14
Dr. Chan Chow Khuen Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University Malaya, Malaysia
Computational Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Modeling in Quantifying Human Movements due to Different Factors Speed and depth are essential in assessing health deterioration. Nevertheless, characterizations of these conditions are often inconsistent due to different methodologies. Speed-related gait assessments particularly are often experimented on the treadmill instead of over-ground, which is incomparable. Moreover, the effects of advancing age in mobility have not been fully understood. This study, therefore, focuses on the speed and depth effects in overground forward (FW) and backward (BW) walking, and squatting among the young and elderly individuals. Altering speeds necessitate varying efforts from the hip and ankle during FW and BW, and hip and knee during squatting. Faster speed adapts more slow-twitching fibers, and vice versa. Speed increment elevates the muscle force, which is affected by muscle velocity. Deeper squat enhances slow-twitching fiber adaptation. This study serves as the benchmark measurements for pathological and abnormality gait assessment and comparison.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
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Dr. Alpha Agape Gopalai Mechatronics Engineering
School of Engineering
Monash University, Malaysia
Wearable Technology: Assisting Rehabilitation, Improving Quality of Life
We are no stranger to wearable technology, from the simple heart rate sensor or sleep quality monitors to highly advanced smart watches. No matter how dependent our lives have become on these tech, they were still concepts and prototypes in laboratories 10 years ago. These developments are all a result of advancements made in the field of measurements, processing and storage which has made wearable tech an alluring field to study. Measuring has never been so small that it could be worn comfortably on the body and around the clock, providing opportunities for medical breakthroughs. We're moving closer to making reliable healthcare products that are useful, desirable and practical for people. As global mortality rate decreases, we see increasing stress being applied on the healthcare and social well-being ecosystems. It is a common problem globally that there isn’t enough support staff to meet the demands in these systems. It is with this in mind that we at the Human Motion and Rehabilitation Lab, Monash University believe that wearable devices will play a pivotal role in elevating stresses in these ecosystems. We present, three stages of wearables and their potential in the many different aspects of life typically: (1) Rehabilitation, (2) Physio-therapy, and (3) Periodical Monitoring.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
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Dr. Chan Bee Ting Faculty of Engineering, Technology & Built Environment
UCSI University
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Biomechanics in a Diseased Heart
Cardiovascular heart disease recorded the highest mortality worldwide. Among patients who
have undergone lower extremity amputation as a result of peripheral artery disease, the
prevalence of concomitant cardiovascular heart disease was reported to be as high as 75
percent. Early detection of cardiovascular heart disease improves the treatment strategy and
increases patients’ survival. Intracardiac blood flow dynamics has an incremental value in the
evaluation of heart disease at an early stage because it changes accordingly in response to
structural changes of the heart. Based on medical flow images and 3D simulation model, the
heart flow pattern in fifty heart disease patients were investigated. Our study shows the
abnormal blood flow pattern and vortex kinetic energy could potentially indicate heart
dysfunction. In the model analysis, the strong blood flow acceleration, heart wall dyssynchrony,
and vortex-wall interaction are the predominant factors leading to excessive flow energy
dissipation in heart. Maladaptive intracardiac blood flow dynamics and excessive flow
energetics are the compensatory mechanisms to preserve heart function at the early stage of
heart disease.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 17
Abstracts
20191101
Fabrication of Stewart Platform Actuated by Pneumatic Artificial Muscle for Foot/Ankle Rehabilitation
S.Krishnan1, Naga Privieen1, Raj kumar2, AMA Rani3,
Mohamed Thariq bin Hameed Sultan4 and Girma T. Chala5
1Manipal International University, Nilai, Malaysia
2Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang, Malaysia 3Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Tronoh, Malaysia
4Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia 5International College of Engineering and Management, Muscat, Oman
Corresponding email: [email protected]
Foot/Ankle injuries are amongst the most common injuries of the lower limb and almost 25,000 people experience ankle injuries each day due to vigorous activities. Traditionally, ankle injuries are rehabilitated via physiotherapy using simple equipment like elastic bands and rollers, requiring intensive efforts of therapists and patients. Currently, Stewart platform rehabilitation devices are actuated by various methods including double acting pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic, electric motor and shape memory alloy. The limitation of using these actuation methods is that it provides lower range of motions and requires higher maintenances. The objective of this study is to fabricate Stewart platform using Pneumatic Artificial Muscle to analyze the range of motion of the Foot/Ankle, and to make comparative study between the experiment and theoretical data. The diameters of PAM used were 8 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm. It was observed that stewart platform actuated by PAM of diameter of 12 mm produced maximum platform angle of 31.73°, whereas PAM with the diameter of 10 mm and 8 mm produced maximum platform angle of 28.62° and 25.31°, respectively. Experimental and theoretical results also revealed performance improvement of the current prototype as opposed to pervious study.
Keywords: Pneumatic Artificial Muscle, Stewart platform, Range of motion (ROM)
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 18
20191106
The Influence of Manganese Oxide on the Densification and Mechanical Properties of 3Y-TZP ceramic
M. L. Ting1, K. L. Chin1, H. K. Jun1, C. K. Ng2, S. Ramesh3, W. D. Teng3 and C. H. Ting1*
1 Department of Mechanical and Materials & Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang 43000, Malaysia 2 Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Jalan Genting Kelang, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur
53300, Malaysia 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala
Lumpur 50603, Malaysia 4 Ceramics Technology Group, SIRIM Berhad, Shah Alam 40911, Malaysia
Corresponding email: [email protected]
With outstanding integration of mechanical performances and biocompatibility, 3mol% of yttria stabilised tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (3Y-TZP) ceramics is extensively fabricated as biomedical implants, especially for orthopaedic prostheses, such as femoral heads for total hip replacement. The characterisation of 3Y-TZP ceramics with excellent wear resistance, strength and fracture resistance are owing to the transformation toughening mechanism of tetragonal grains. Generally, elevated firing temperature (> 1500 oC) was required to produce 3Y-TZP bodies with promising densification through conventional sintering (CS). Consequently, grain coarsening is incurred and resulted in impairment of mechanical properties. The main weakness of 3Y-TZP ceramics is the spontaneous tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation under humid environment, which is known as low-temperature degradation (LTD). Recently, the beneficial effect of Manganese (IV) oxide (MnO2) on 3Y-TZP sintered bodies have brought considerable attention to current researchers. MnO2, as a transitional metal oxide, that possesses lower melting point (535 oC) is effective in grain boundaries modification, which will improve the densification mechanical performances and LTD resistance of sintered 3Y-TZP ceramics at lower sintering temperatures. In present work, pure and MnO2 (0.3 wt% & 0.5 wt%) doped 3Y-TZP green bodies were prepared and subjected to CS at temperature ranges between 1200 oC – 1500 oC for an hour of dwelling time. Bulk density measurement and mechanical tests of sintered samples were conducted accordingly. It is worth to reveal that the sintered MnO2 doped 3Y-TZPs could attain > 96 % of relative densities, > 200 GPa of elastic modulus (E) and > 13 GPa of Vicker’s hardness (Hv) at firing temperature of 1250 oC which was 100 oC lower than that of sintered pure 3Y-TZP ceramics. Besides, the fracture toughness (KIc) of fired 3Y-TZP samples fell within the acceptable range of 5 MPa.m1/2 – 7 MPa.m1/2 and was unaltered by various sintering temperatures and addition of MnO2.
Keywords: 3Y-TZP, Sintering, Mechanical Properties
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 19
20191109
Variable Stiffness and Shape Interface to Improve Comfort in Orthoses and Prostheses
Linda Paternò1, Michele Ibrahimi1, Leonardo Ricotti1, Emanuele Gruppioni2 and Arianna
Menciassi1
1The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pontedera (PI), Italy
2INAIL Centro Protesi, Budrio (BO), Italy
Corresponding email: [email protected] Limb orthoses and prostheses usually require high tissues compression to guarantee a good fitting. However, it can lead to several dermatological problems, which are the major reported complaints by patients. This work proposes a wearable band able to change its shape and stiffness when a subject switches from a standing to a sitting position. The band is made of two variable stiffness layer jamming chambers and an interposed pneumatic chamber which actuates the device shape change. The layer jamming chambers consist of a sealed flexible bag containing sandpaper layers. In their resting state, they are highly compliant. When vacuum is applied inside, the stiffness of the chambers significantly increases. The proposed band can be wrapped around the limb. Then, the outer layer jamming chamber is stiffened and the pneumatic chamber inflated pushing the inner layer jamming chamber against the limb. Subsequently, the inner layer jamming chamber is stiffened and the outer one softened. The interposed pneumatic chamber is deflated and, consequently, the outer layer jamming chamber adapts to the inner shape. Human tests have been carried out to verify interfacial pressure changes. When the subject was standing, the band was activated. This caused a pressure increment at the interface allowing a fitting improvement. When the subject sat, the device was deactivated causing a pressure relief. The proposed variable stiffness/shape band is able to improve comfort in wearable devices by allowing pressure relief on tissues in static tasks. This may prevent skin problems due to high pressures on tissues for long periods.
Keywords: variable stiffness, variable shape, layer jamming, pneumatic actuators, wearable
devices, soft robotics
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 20
20191102
A review of Actuators in Foot/Ankle Rehabilitation Therapy
Krishnan Subramaniam1, Naga Privieen1, Vishalini Sri2, Ritesh R. Bhat3,
AMA Rani4, Mohamed Thariq Hammed Sultan5 and Girma T. Chala6
1Manipal International University, Nilai, Malaysia 2SMK Buntong, Perak, Malaysia
3Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India 4Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Tronoh, Malaysia
5Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia 6International College of Engineering and Management (ICEM), Muscat, Oman
Corresponding email: [email protected]
Ankle injury is one of the physical injuries that commonly occur during physical related activities,
especially in sports. Currently, there are established treatments for ankle rehabilitation at the
hospital. This treatment involves range of motion exercises and endurance exercises. However,
current treatment requires patients to visit to hospital frequently which is very repetitive in
nature. Ankle rehabilitation robots are developed to enhance ankle strength, flexibility and
proprioception after injury and promote motor learning and ankle plasticity in patients with
drop foot. This article reviews the types of actuators used in ankle rehabilitation and discusses
the evolution of industrial robotics towards rehabilitation.
Keywords: Pneumatics Artificial Muscle, Shape Memory Alloy (SMA), Servo Motor, Range of Motion
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 21
20191112
Seating Foot Press Gymnasium Supporting for Rehabilitation People: Analysis Improvement of time, Comfortability and Rapid Drop
Ruzy Haryati Hambali1, 2, Seri Rahayu Kamat1, Muhammad Fikri Zainuddin1, 5, Muhamad Ammar Farhan Maula Mohd Azam1, Suriati Akmal1, 3 Zainizam Rasid4 and Hafifi Hisham4
1 Centre of Smart System and Innovative Design, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka,
Malaysia 2 Lancaster Product Development Unit, Department of Engineering, Lancaster University,
Lancaster, UK 3 Center for Advanced Computing Technology, Institut Pengurusan Teknologi dan
Keusahawanan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
4 Pusat Rehabilitasi PERKESO, Melaka, Malaysia 5 Composite Technology Research Malaysia, 75350 Melaka, Malaysia
Corresponding email: [email protected]
Pressure foot press is an equipment used for weight training exercises at the gymnasium. The equipment can be used to evaluate users’ overall lower body strength. It is utilised for rehabilitation and exercises for the rehabilitation candidate (RC). However, repeated activities and the disabilities experienced by the RC cause muscle fatigue associated to tiredness and pain. It may also inflict severe injuries include the hyperextension of knee, as well leads to rapid drop after repetitive movement. Therefore, this project aims to fabricate an Achilles sole as a supporting assistive device to support the RC’s legs. The device was fabricated to enhance the functionality of the foot press equipment and increase the comfortability and independency of the RC. It was also developed to increase the safety of RC and avoid any unexpected injuries while using the equipment. The product was validated using the rapid drop analysis, physical analysis, and comfortability voice of customer (VOC). The results show that the product is able to support their legs from any rapid drop during exercises, increase the exercise time, and reduce pain and injuries experienced by the RC.
Keywords: Assistive device technology, Physical rehabilitation, Additive manufacturing technology, Knee injuries, Quality of life.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 22
20191105
A Comparative Analysis between Conventional Manufacturing and Additive Manufacturing of Ankle-Foot Orthosis
F.S. Shahar1, M. T. H .Sultan1,2,3, A.U. M Shah1,2 and S.N. A. Safri2
1Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products
(INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 3Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944751-A), Prime Minister’s Department, MIGHT
Partnership Hub, Jalan Impact, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Corresponding email: [email protected]
3D printing has been attracting attention in the recent years due to its versatility in design optimisation and a decrease in labour and production cost. 3D printing has been implemented in many major sectors such as automotive, aerospace, and healthcare. One of the most recent research which involves this technology is in the prosthetics and orthotics field. The aim of this paper is to review recent researches on Ankle-Foot Orthosis (AFO) which uses 3D printing in its manufacturing and fabrication phase. This paper discusses on the current 3D printing technologies used for AFO, comparison between Conventional Manufacturing (CM) of AFO and Additive Manufacturing (AM) of AFO, as well as the mechanical properties of AFO prototypes build from 3D printing. The results obtained from this review paper is that most current research uses Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) or Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) for AFO manufacturing, and the materials used are mostly thermoplastics such as Nylon and Polyamide (PA). The results also shown that the tensile strength and Young’s Modulus of a 3D printed AFO could reach as high as 43 MPa and 3.9 GPa respectively. It can be concluded that 3D printing provides wider opportunities in the development of AFO due to its versatility in optimizing complex geometries, time and weight savings, as well as its cost effectiveness.
Keywords: 3D Printing; Additive Manufacturing; Ankle-Foot Orthosis, Fused Deposition
Modeling; Selective Laser Sintering
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 23
20191103
An Interface Pressure Control System for 3D Printed Below Knee
Prosthetic Socket: A oadingLtatic Sssessment during Areliminary P
Murad Abdullah Subih1, Nooranida Arifin1,2 and Ebrahim Al-Fakih3
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Malaya – Malaysia
2Center of Applied Biomechanics, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya 3Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal
University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Corresponding email: [email protected] The perfect selection of prosthetic suspension system and the excellent fitting of the residual limb inside the prosthetic socket have a positive impact of amputee's activities. The residual limb should be in fully contact inside the prosthetic socket to guarantee proper pressure distribution. The continuous change of the residual limb size leads to poor attachment of the residual limb in the prosthetic socket and causes high pressure interface and skin wound. Thus, the aim of this study is to control the pressure interface in the transtibial prosthetic socket through developing an air pneumatic suspension system. Electronic system was designed to control the desire pressure inside 3D printed transtibial socket. The electronic system was attached into the pylon of the prosthetic device in a small box to minimize weight and improve the cosmesis of the prosthesis. 3D printed socket was built with tiny air bladders which were embedded in the liner. The inflation and deflation of the air bladders inside the 3D printed socket can be controlled using the pre-programmed keypad. The pressure distribution in 3D printed socket was evaluated using F- socket transducers through gait simulation machine. Gait simulation machine was used to apply a weight on the prosthetic device. Pressures reduction inside the 3D printed socket were recorded at all sides (ranging from 2 to 45 kPa), especially in the medial (45 kPa) and posterior (12 kPa) sides of the stump. The highest reduction in pressure of 45 kPa was recorded in the medial side during the inflation of the medial air bladder. The final product of this project will eliminate the use of expensive silicone liners, relieve the peak pressures on the amputee's residual limb bony areas, and lastly manage the inner size of the socket in order to accommodate the continuous changes of the residual limb, especially for diabetic amputees.
Keywords: pressure interface; electronic system; 3D printed socket; prosthetic socket; air
bladders.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 24
20191114
Development of Customised Orthotics Insole using Pressure Distribution and Additive Manufacturing Technology: Analysis of ABS And TPU
Materials
Ruzy Haryati Hambali1, 2, Siti Khadijah Khalil1, Seri Rahayu Kamat1, Supapan Chaiprapat5, Suriati Akmal1, 3 and Hafifi Hisham4
1 Centre of Smart System and Innovative Design, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering,
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 2 Lancaster Product Development Unit, Department of Engineering, Lancaster University,
Lancaster, UK 3 Center for Advanced Computing Technology, Institut Pengurusan Teknologi dan
Keusahawanan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
4 Pusat Rehabilitasi PERKESO, Melaka, Malaysia 5 Department of Industrial Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112,
Thailand.
Corresponding email: [email protected] Insole discovered made from variety of materials, although many modern shoes have actually soles made from natural rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyurethane substances. The function of shoe insole was to provide cushioning which to decrease the impact forces acting on the body during standing and other activities. Nowadays, working in prolonged standing among industrial workers has been shown to be associated with different potentially serious health outcomes, namely lower back pain, leg pain, fatigue, discomfort and other health issues. Customisation or personalisation of insole offers a solution that will provide a perfect fit and comfort to the shoes wearer based on ergonomic considerations. It works in a way that it alters the pressure away from painful areas by increasing the surface area that supports the weight of the body and evenly distribute it to the whole plantar area. Survey was conducted among workers at a manufacturing industry company to study on the level of pain experienced by them together with their foot anthropometry. Then, the foot pressure of each of the workers were collected by using pressure measurement device (F-scan). Combination of these data were used to design the customised insole that is fit for the worker. The personalized insoles were fabricated by Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and obtained the difference of these two materials. Next, all insoles were validated by using the F-scan pressure distribution sensor to ensure on their effectiveness in reducing pressure on the foot and muscle activity hence improving the comfort of the shoe wearer. Keywords: Customised insole, Customised orthotics, Additive manufacturing technology, ABS,
TPU, Pressure distribution.
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 25
20191107
Modified Adjustable Ankle Foot Orthosis Following Toxin A Injection To Reduce Plantar-Flexion Contracture In Spastic Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy
Chan SC¹, Ahmad Fauzi¹ A Choong YH¹ and NM Hashim²
¹Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ²Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
57000, Selangor, Malaysia
Corresponding email: [email protected]
The purpose of this article is to describe spasticity management in a child with cerebral palsy (CP) and the option of adjustable solid Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO) following Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injection to improve the outcome as an alternative to serial casting to provide low load prolonged stretch effect. A 13 year old girl with left spastic hemiplegic CP under Rehabilitation Medicine clinic follow up complained of worsening of equinus gait with varus deformity and pain during walking. Complete clinical examination was carried out. Patient had BoNT-A injection for her left gastrocnemius and soleus followed by serial casting with the aim to improve gait and pain management. Serial casting was poorly tolerated after the first cycle; henceforth an option of adjustable solid AFO was discussed. Patient prescribed with adjustable solid AFO after discussion with a certified orthotist and prothetist (CPO) and parents. The patient's dorsiflexion passive range of motion increased from −25 degrees to -15 degrees after 2 months of usage at night with gradual adjustment. The application of an adjustable ankle- foot orthosis following BoNT-A injection may reduce plantar flexion contractures in cerebral palsy patients. Thus this may be an option for patients whom are unable to tolerate serial casting post BoNT-A injection. Keywords: equinovarus foot, cerebral palsy, adjustable, ankle foot orthosis
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 26
20191104
The Effects of Prosthetic Knee Joints in Walking and Dual-task Activity Performance in Transfemoral Amputees
Nur Amira Adlan, Nooranida Arifin, Noor Azuan Abu Osman
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Corresponding email: [email protected]
Transfemoral amputees face mobility challenges as they permanently lose some parts of the musculoskeletal system. The concentration on walking can be interrupted as they also need to give attention to cognitive resources. A prosthetic component such as knee joint could affect the achievement of successful ambulation among transfemoral amputees. Numerous studies have been done to investigate the performance of transfemoral amputees based on gait analysis and dual-task activities. However, there is no comprehensive studies have evaluated the effects of prosthetic knee joints during normal walking and dual-task activities in terms of kinetic and kinematic parameters. Dual-task gait analysis is important in order to assess and treat individuals with lower extremity amputation to gain their ability to walk in the long term. It is one of the biomechanical assessment which helps to identify movement-related problems regarding balance and stability among patients with lower extremity amputation. Thus, this systematic review focuses on the current findings on the biomechanical assessment of prosthetic knee joints and dual-task activities between lower limb amputees or healthy controls. Transfemoral amputees have greater instability and low performance during gait assessment compared to healthy controls and transtibial amputees. They walked slower and have greater asymmetry during walking. Among transfemoral amputees, participants with active microcontroller mechanism required less work and cognitive attention than participants with a passive knee joint mechanism. The higher k-level function indicates the greater achievement in performing gait assessment. Further evaluation is needed as dual-task gait assessment can help to improve gait rehabilitation among transfemoral amputees.
Keywords: transfemoral, gait analysis, walking, dual-task, kinetics, and kinemat
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 27
20191110
A New Personalised Liner with Embedded Temperature and Humidity Sensors for Lower Limb Amputees
Paternò, L.1, Dhokia, V.2 and Seminati, E.3
1The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, PISA, IT 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, BATH, UK
3Department for Health, University of Bath, BATH, UK
Corresponding email: [email protected] More than 53% of prosthetic users report discomforts due to excessive heat or sweating. Monitoring the thermal environment within prosthetic sockets has been notoriously complex because of the lack of appropriate measurement systems. The aim of this study was to design a personalised liner with embedded temperature and humidity sensors. The Hygrochron iButtons (Type: DS1923-F5#) are small and wireless devices, able to measure temperature and relative humidity changes, without being invasive for patients. These sensors were selected to be incorporated in a personalised ad-hoc liner at the skin interface. The liner was designed starting from the scan of the patient’s residual limb to allow a perfect fitting. Then, it was manufactured by the Bath cryogenic CNC machining facility. One unilateral trans-tibial amputee was recruited to participate in a review board-approved study to analyse the thermal environment within the socket during rest and exercise activities. The results of the experimental tests showed that approximately 15-minutes after donning the prosthesis, the skin temperature reached a constant trend. In general, physical activity rapidly increased the temperature while cessation of activity caused a moderate decrease. On the contrary, the relative humidity was always characterised by an increasing trend. To identify suitable technological solutions for sockets and liners, the main factors acting at the skin-prosthesis interface have to be quantified. This work described the design of a new personalised liner with embedded temperature and humidity sensors. This allowed for the characterization of the thermal environment within the socket during human tests.
Keywords: Cryogenic CNC Machining, Humidity, Prosthetic Liner, Prosthetic Socket,
Temperature, Trans-tibial Amputation
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 28
20191111
Foot Lax: A Web-based Tool for Self-management of Bunions
Law Foong Li1, Khaw Chi Hun1, Julian Lee Eng Kim1 and Zarinah Mohd Kasirun2
1Department of Computing, School of Computing and Creative Media UOW Malaysia KDU University College 40150 Glenmarie Shah Alam, Malaysia
2Department of Software Engineering,
Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Corresponding email: [email protected]
Hallux valgus also known as bunions is commonly seen in adolescents and adults particularly in women. The cause of bunions is not completely known; they may be an inherited abnormality, or they may be caused by many years of wearing ill-fitting footwear. It is generally accepted that tight-fitting shoes can worsen bunions over time. The average person who develop bunions will tend to prefer over-the-counter (OTC) device such as bunion splint to relieve the pain caused by the deformity. However does the bunion splint device really work? There is no scientific evidence suggesting that the bunion splint is successful in correcting or improving bunions with merely just personal accounts of users posting daily videos wearing the device and still needing surgery to correct the deformity. Hence, this study aims to assist patients to delay bunions progression with a low maintenance and non-surgical option via a web-based self-management bunions treatment application called Foot-Lax, and ultimately it allows the patients to continue a normal, active life. To date there are no applications on any platforms; hence a web-based is developed to support this need. It can later be improvised on to other platforms. Foot-Lax helps patients consistently to manage bunions recovery progress at their fingertips. The availability of Foot-Lax allows patients to accomplish the day-to-day treatment tasks with confidence by reviewing the recovery progression summary which may eventually prevent bunions from worsening and thus reducing the chances of a surgical procedure. Keywords: Bunions, non-surgical, web-based, self-management, treatment
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 29
20191113
Development of Counter Balance Arm Sling for Hemiparesis Post-Stroke
Rehabilitation People
Ruzy Haryati Hambali1, 2, Nur Nabilah Mohamad Khairon1 Syamimi Shamsuddin1, Winal Zikril
Zulkifli1, Suriati Akmal1, 3 Mohd Zoolfaiz Md Salleh4, Muhammad Salihin Md Pauzi4 and Hafifi
Hisham4
1 Centre of Smart System and Innovative Design, Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering,
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
2 Lancaster Product Development Unit, Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
3 Center for Advanced Computing Technology, Institut Pengurusan Teknologi dan Keusahawanan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal,
Melaka, Malaysia 4 Pusat Rehabilitasi PERKESO, Melaka, Malaysia
Corresponding email: [email protected]
Patients of neurological diseases with hemiparesis condition in PERKESO Rehabilitation Centre (PRC) experience problems in lifting their arms due to the degeneration of their muscles. Previous researches stated that patients require an assistive device (AD) as a medical rehabilitation to support the weight of their arm and promote their independency. However, it was reported that the AD has not been provided by the PRC. Moreover, the existing AD in the current market is difficult to own due to the high manufacturing and production costs, limited size and availability, and not user friendly (immobile and non-detachable design). This project aims to develop an AD that supports the upper limb of the neurological patients with hemiparesis. A new counter-balance arm sling (CBAS) with mobile, detachable, economical, and ergonomic design was successfully developed. The product was tested and validated by the therapist and patients. The results show that the product accomplished the purpose of CBAS equipment for the patients as an AD to support their arms for individuals with weakness of one side of the body to carry out therapy exercises and daily activities. This product also has an extra feature as an exercise aid to help the user for upper limb strengthening which will eventually improve their quality of life. Keywords: Hemiplegia/hemiparesis, Physical rehabilitation, Assistive device technology, Additive manufacturing technology, Counter balance arm sling, Quality of life
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 30
20191108
The Influence of the Transtibial Prosthetic Length on Gait Pattern and Walking Stability
Wang Y.1,2 and Leong, A. K. L.1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
2Hospital Authority, Hong Kong
Corresponding email: [email protected] Prosthetic length is an important consideration when fitting a prosthesis. Leg length discrepancy can be related to higher risk of fall, and chronic lower back pain. However, it was reported that most of the prosthetic length is insufficient. Incorrect prosthetic length might be caused by measurement error, misleading subjective feeling or poor socket fit. Despite of the importance of prosthetic length, there is limited information about the immediate effects of leg length difference on the gait pattern and walking stability. The aim of this work is to study the immediate effects of small range of prosthetic length change on gait pattern and walking stability in unilateral transtibial amputees. 5 subjects completed the study. Each subject walk with 5 different length of prosthesis, original length, prosthetic side +/- 3mm, prosthetic side +/- 6mm. Subjects walk in a 10-meter walkway with self-selected speed with marker and trunk accelerometer. The gait pattern will be assessed based on the prosthetic observational gait scale (POGS) in terms of alongside video analysis. Walking stability was measured by the root mean square and range of the acceleration. The change in prosthetic length affected the gait pattern and walking stability of subjects. The walking parameters of different length showed a significant difference (p=0.00). The variability of the acceleration among all trials also showed a significant difference (p=0.03). As a conclusion, the change of prosthetic length have an immediate effects on the unilateral amputees’ gait pattern and walking stability. Keywords: Amputees, Leg Length Discrepancy, Accelerometer, Prosthetic Observational Gait Scale
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 31
20191115
EEG-based Brain Wave Controlled Intelligent Prosthetic Arm
Lip Z. H. and Zourmand A.
School of Engineering UOW Malaysia KDU University College 40150 Glenmarie Shah Alam, Malaysia
Corresponding email: [email protected]
The amputees nowadays usually wear a prosthetic arm which are not functionable. These
prosthetic arms unable to help them to carry out their basic daily work independently. However,
the EEG based brain wave controlled intelligent prosthetic arm is able to assist the amputees to
carry out basic daily work. By using the EEG brain wave controlled, the amputees can control
the movement of the prosthetic arm by visualizing the movement of the arm. Besides the
amputees, the patients who are unable to move their body or having neuron problem also can
use their thought to control the prosthetic arm. The EEG based brain wave controlled intelligent
3D printed prosthetic arm is designed to use the amputee’s brain wave to control the
movement of the prosthetic arm. The amputee needs to be trained in order to control every
arm movement correctly. The machine learning technique is used in the MATLAB to classify the
brain signal of the arm movement accurately for the user. Every classified arm movement will
send a discrete signal to the 3D printed prosthetic arm in order to control the arm. So, the EEG
based brain wave controlled intelligent 3D printed prosthetic arm can help the amputees to
regain their mobility of their arm and carry out some basic daily work.
Keywords: Electroencephalography (EEG), sensorimotor cortex, mu rhythm, prosthetic arm
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Page 32
20191116
Surface Electromyography Signal for Artificial Hand Control
Jonathan V. P., Lip Z. H. and Goh T. T
School of Engineering UOW Malaysia KDU University College 40150 Glenmarie Shah Alam, Malaysia
Corresponding email: [email protected]
Prosthetic hands are artificial devices designed for people with upper extremity amputations to provide them some functions of natural hands. An amputee that has lost upper limbs goes through many different consequences not only in the physical aspect but also including socially, economically and psychologically. These consequences can be minimized and the amputee can adapt to a normal life with the help of artificial hands, wrists as well as arms that performs daily tasks including grabbing objects, typing, writing, dressing and many more. In this day and age, there are many different commercial prosthetics devices. The main aim of this project is to develop a system that senses muscle contractions from the skin surface to control the fingers, of a prosthetic hand, to type by pressing the button on the keyboard. Surface Electromyography Signal shall be collected using MyoWare muscle sensor depending on the sensor position attaching at the limb. The signal shall be analyze and used to control the finger to type. Keywords: Assistive device technology, hemiparesis, medical rehabilitation, quality of life
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Sponsor
International Conference on Orthotics and Prosthetics (iCOP 2019)
20th November 2019 – 21st November 2019
Exhibitors
iCOP 2019
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