1 Enhancing Multinational Readiness Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT) Concept...

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Enhancing Multinational ReadinessEnhancing Multinational Readiness

Multinational Planning Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)Augmentation Team (MPAT)

Concept Development Concept Development Workshop (CDW-8)Workshop (CDW-8)

and and

Tempest Express-5 (TE-5) Staff Tempest Express-5 (TE-5) Staff Planning WorkshopPlanning Workshop

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Welcome !!!!Welcome !!!!Welcome !!!!Welcome !!!!

• The MPAT staff and the Mongolia Armed Forces welcomes you to The MPAT staff and the Mongolia Armed Forces welcomes you to CDW-8 / TE-5CDW-8 / TE-5

• This is This is YOURYOUR workshop and our focus is the advancement of our workshop and our focus is the advancement of our Multinational readiness to respond to crisis situations involving Multinational readiness to respond to crisis situations involving military operations other than war (MOOTW) military operations other than war (MOOTW)

• Before we begin …. Lets get to know each other. Before we begin …. Lets get to know each other.

Introduction Introduction - Your Rank, Name, Branch of Service (Army, Air Force, Marine, Navy)Your Rank, Name, Branch of Service (Army, Air Force, Marine, Navy)

- Your countryYour country

- Your military area of expertise (planning, infantry, air ops and so Your military area of expertise (planning, infantry, air ops and so forth)forth)

• Phone numbers: Mr. John Miller- 9911-0323, Mr. Bob Holub- Phone numbers: Mr. John Miller- 9911-0323, Mr. Bob Holub- 99091907, CDR Wohlschlegel- Room 51399091907, CDR Wohlschlegel- Room 513

• The MPAT staff and the Mongolia Armed Forces welcomes you to The MPAT staff and the Mongolia Armed Forces welcomes you to CDW-8 / TE-5CDW-8 / TE-5

• This is This is YOURYOUR workshop and our focus is the advancement of our workshop and our focus is the advancement of our Multinational readiness to respond to crisis situations involving Multinational readiness to respond to crisis situations involving military operations other than war (MOOTW) military operations other than war (MOOTW)

• Before we begin …. Lets get to know each other. Before we begin …. Lets get to know each other.

Introduction Introduction - Your Rank, Name, Branch of Service (Army, Air Force, Marine, Navy)Your Rank, Name, Branch of Service (Army, Air Force, Marine, Navy)

- Your countryYour country

- Your military area of expertise (planning, infantry, air ops and so Your military area of expertise (planning, infantry, air ops and so forth)forth)

• Phone numbers: Mr. John Miller- 9911-0323, Mr. Bob Holub- Phone numbers: Mr. John Miller- 9911-0323, Mr. Bob Holub- 99091907, CDR Wohlschlegel- Room 51399091907, CDR Wohlschlegel- Room 513

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ACADEMICS

PRACTICALEXERCISE

(COA ANALYSIS)

ACADEMICS

PRACTICALEXERCISE

(COAANALYSIS &

COMPARISON)

PRACTICALEXERCISE

(STAFF ESTIMATE DEVMT)

ACADEMICS

PRACTICALEXERCISE(MISSION ANALYSIS)

Scenario Brf

ACADEMICS

PRACTICALEXERCISE

(COADEVELOP-

MENT)

InitialCOA BRIEF

Improving CTF Activation and

Planning Effectiveness

Products:Commander’s Estimate

TEMPEST EXPRESS (MPAT TE-5)TEMPEST EXPRESS (MPAT TE-5)Mongolia August 2003Mongolia August 2003

Initiation: Supported Strategic Commander’s Warning Order to CTF

Mon4 Aug

Tue5 Aug

Wed6 Aug

Thur7 Aug

Fri8 Aug

Form Form

The The

CTFCTFMongolia Hosted Cultural Activity

& Lunch

Ice Breaker

(Optional) Academics for MAF

Participants&

CDW & MNF SOP

Thur31 July

(Optional) AcademicsNew MPAT Participants

&

CDW & MNF SOP

(cont)

Fri1 Aug

Open Cer.

FreeFreeTimeTime

ACADEMICSMission Analysis Brief

COA

Decision Brief

AARCultural Event

Back-up

Sat2 Aug

Sun3 Aug

Closing Cer.

FreeFreeTimeTime

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Coalition Planning Groups (CPG) Coalition Planning Groups (CPG) Functional Staff Planning CellsFunctional Staff Planning Cells

Coalition Planning Groups (CPG) Coalition Planning Groups (CPG) Functional Staff Planning CellsFunctional Staff Planning Cells

CPG 1CPG 1

LTC AmarsaikhanLTC Amarsaikhan

Rank NameRank Name

Maj ErbMaj Erb

COL KardosCOL Kardos

CPG 1CPG 1

LTC AmarsaikhanLTC Amarsaikhan

Rank NameRank Name

Maj ErbMaj Erb

COL KardosCOL Kardos

CPG 2CPG 2

MAJ BayarmagnaiMAJ Bayarmagnai

Rank NameRank Name

Maj ZavislakMaj Zavislak

COL SweeneyCOL Sweeney

CPG 3CPG 3

LTC GanbatLTC Ganbat

Rank NameRank Name

LTC BlairLTC Blair

COL TanCOL Tan

MAF Co-lead MAF Co-lead

MPAT Co-leadMPAT Co-lead

US FacilitatorUS Facilitator

Group MentorGroup Mentor

Commander CTF (CCTF) – Commander CTF (CCTF) – MMG (Sel) GanbatG (Sel) Ganbat

Deputy Commander CTF (DCCTF) – COL SweeneyDeputy Commander CTF (DCCTF) – COL Sweeney

Chief of Staff (COS) - Chief of Staff (COS) - COL BayarsaikhanCOL BayarsaikhanCPG 4CPG 4

MAJ GankhuyagMAJ Gankhuyag

Rank NameRank Name

LTC DunneLTC Dunne

SCOL NopparatSCOL Nopparat

MAFMAF USUS OTHER MPATOTHER MPAT

Air/Maritime Air/Maritime LTC BatsukhLTC Batsukh CDR WeidieCDR Weidie Rank Name Rank Name

Ground OpsGround Ops MAJ BayarmagnaiMAJ Bayarmagnai MAJ ReutebuchMAJ Reutebuch

SOF / CTSOF / CT LTC BatbilegLTC Batbileg Maj WongMaj Wong

CACA LTC Canbold.ShLTC Canbold.Sh LTC BlairLTC Blair

LOG / TranspLOG / Transp LTC ErdentsogtLTC Erdentsogt LTC GilgallonLTC Gilgallon

EngineerEngineer COL GantumurCOL Gantumur CDR KeithCDR Keith

IO / PSYOPS / PA IO / PSYOPS / PA LTC Ganbold.GLTC Ganbold.G CDR ColeCDR Cole

Cmd & CntlCmd & Cntl LTC BattulgaLTC Battulga LTC McBrideLTC McBride

MedicalMedical LT SukhbaatarLT Sukhbaatar CDR PobleteCDR Poblete

LegalLegal COL EnkhjargalCOL Enkhjargal LTC HavranekLTC Havranek

CommsComms CPT AmarbayasgalanCPT Amarbayasgalan LTC KoskeyLTC Koskey

Intel / IMIntel / IM CPT ChinzorigCPT Chinzorig Maj DanussiMaj Danussi

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Enhancing Multinational ReadinessEnhancing Multinational Readiness

Multinational Planning Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)Augmentation Team (MPAT)

Multinational Force Standing Multinational Force Standing Operating ProceduresOperating Procedures

(MNF SOP)(MNF SOP)

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AgendaAgendaAgendaAgenda

• MNF SOP Overview BriefMNF SOP Overview Brief

- Background Notes / What is MPATBackground Notes / What is MPAT

- MNF SOP Framework & OrganizationMNF SOP Framework & Organization

- Key TerminologyKey Terminology

- MNF SOP Key PrinciplesMNF SOP Key Principles

- Essential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic Guidance

- SOP Operational Starting PointsSOP Operational Starting Points

- SummarySummary

• MNF SOP Overview BriefMNF SOP Overview Brief

- Background Notes / What is MPATBackground Notes / What is MPAT

- MNF SOP Framework & OrganizationMNF SOP Framework & Organization

- Key TerminologyKey Terminology

- MNF SOP Key PrinciplesMNF SOP Key Principles

- Essential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic Guidance

- SOP Operational Starting PointsSOP Operational Starting Points

- SummarySummary

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MNF SOPMNF SOPBackground Background

MNF SOPMNF SOPBackground Background

MNF SOPMNF SOPOverview BriefOverview Brief

MNF SOPMNF SOPOverview BriefOverview Brief

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MNF SOP - BackgroundMNF SOP - BackgroundMNF SOP - BackgroundMNF SOP - Background

• MPAT nations identified MNF SOP as a desired MPAT nations identified MNF SOP as a desired document to increase multinational crisis document to increase multinational crisis response capabilities within Asia-Pacific regionresponse capabilities within Asia-Pacific region

- Not prescriptive, binding, or directiveNot prescriptive, binding, or directive- Will be left “unsigned” intentionallyWill be left “unsigned” intentionally- Act as “guide” (start point) for multinational Act as “guide” (start point) for multinational

operationsoperations- It is not a USPACOM document, rather it is a MPAT It is not a USPACOM document, rather it is a MPAT

developed Multinational SOPdeveloped Multinational SOP

• Five dedicated MNF SOP Development Five dedicated MNF SOP Development Workshop have been conducted, the first was Workshop have been conducted, the first was July 01 with 24 MPAT nations participatingJuly 01 with 24 MPAT nations participating

• MPAT nations identified MNF SOP as a desired MPAT nations identified MNF SOP as a desired document to increase multinational crisis document to increase multinational crisis response capabilities within Asia-Pacific regionresponse capabilities within Asia-Pacific region

- Not prescriptive, binding, or directiveNot prescriptive, binding, or directive- Will be left “unsigned” intentionallyWill be left “unsigned” intentionally- Act as “guide” (start point) for multinational Act as “guide” (start point) for multinational

operationsoperations- It is not a USPACOM document, rather it is a MPAT It is not a USPACOM document, rather it is a MPAT

developed Multinational SOPdeveloped Multinational SOP

• Five dedicated MNF SOP Development Five dedicated MNF SOP Development Workshop have been conducted, the first was Workshop have been conducted, the first was July 01 with 24 MPAT nations participatingJuly 01 with 24 MPAT nations participating

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Multinational Planning Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (Augmentation Team (MPAT )MPAT )

A cadre of military planners from nations A cadre of military planners from nations with Asia-Pacific interests capable of with Asia-Pacific interests capable of rapidly augmenting a multinational force rapidly augmenting a multinational force (MNF) headquarters established to plan (MNF) headquarters established to plan and execute multinational coalition and execute multinational coalition operations in response to military operations in response to military operations other than war (MOOTW) / small operations other than war (MOOTW) / small scale contingencies (SSC). scale contingencies (SSC).

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MNF SOPMNF SOPPurpose and FocusPurpose and Focus

MNF SOPMNF SOPPurpose and FocusPurpose and Focus

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Multinational Force Standing Multinational Force Standing Operating Procedures (MNF SOP) Operating Procedures (MNF SOP)

PurposePurpose

Multinational Force Standing Multinational Force Standing Operating Procedures (MNF SOP) Operating Procedures (MNF SOP)

PurposePurpose

• Increase multinational force (MNF):Increase multinational force (MNF):

- Speed of Initial ResponseSpeed of Initial Response

- InteroperabilityInteroperability

- Overall Mission EffectivenessOverall Mission Effectiveness

• Increase multinational force (MNF):Increase multinational force (MNF):

- Speed of Initial ResponseSpeed of Initial Response

- InteroperabilityInteroperability

- Overall Mission EffectivenessOverall Mission Effectiveness

12MNF SOPMNF SOP – “Applicable” to SSC and – “Applicable” to SSC and

MOOTWMOOTW

Full Scale WarFull Scale War

Major RegionalMajor RegionalConflict (MRC)Conflict (MRC)

Attack / DefendAttack / DefendBlockadesBlockadesCombattingCombattingTerrorism Terrorism

Small ScaleSmall ScaleContingency (SSC)Contingency (SSC)

Not Involving Use orNot Involving Use orThreat of Force (notThreat of Force (notinherentinherent in Opns) in Opns)>Antiterrorism>Antiterrorism>Disaster Relief>Disaster Relief>Peace Building>Peace Building>Humanitarian>Humanitarian>NEO >NEO >Counterdrug>Counterdrug>Domestic Support>Domestic Support

Military Operations Other Than War(MOOTW / SSC)

Combat Operations Noncombat Operations

War(MRC & SSC)

Goal: Deter / Resolve Conflict

Goal: Promote Stability & Peace and / or support non-military Opns

Use or Threat of ForceUse or Threat of ForceInherentInherent in Opns in Opns>Peace Enforcement>Peace Enforcement>Strikes/Raids/Show>Strikes/Raids/Showof forceof force>Counterterrorism >Counterterrorism >Counterinsurgency>Counterinsurgency>Peacekeeping>Peacekeeping

MNF SOP “Focus”

Goal: Fight & Win The Conflict

MNF SOP FocusMNF SOP Focus

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StrategicStrategic:: Development & employment of national / multinational level Development & employment of national / multinational level of resources. Involves national interests and crisis action effects that of resources. Involves national interests and crisis action effects that impact on a nation’s vital or survival interests.impact on a nation’s vital or survival interests.

OperationalOperational: Is the “link” between tactical and strategic objectives via : Is the “link” between tactical and strategic objectives via strategies, campaigns, and major operations.strategies, campaigns, and major operations.

Employment and arrangement of forces in time, space, and purpose Employment and arrangement of forces in time, space, and purpose for synchronization and integration at the JTF / CTF, interagency, and for synchronization and integration at the JTF / CTF, interagency, and multinational force level.multinational force level.

TacticalTactical:: Employment of units at the “execution level” for approved Employment of units at the “execution level” for approved military Course of Action (COA). Ordered arrangement and maneuver military Course of Action (COA). Ordered arrangement and maneuver of units for crisis response at the engagement and battle level.of units for crisis response at the engagement and battle level.

““MNF SOP focus – Campaign / Major Operations”MNF SOP focus – Campaign / Major Operations”

MNF FocusMNF FocusLevels Of Planning and OperationsLevels Of Planning and Operations

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MNF SOPMNF SOPFramework & OrganizationFramework & Organization

MNF SOPMNF SOPFramework & OrganizationFramework & Organization

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• Shared Interests among NationsShared Interests among Nations

• Unity of Effort among Nations and ForcesUnity of Effort among Nations and Forces

• Strategic and Operational GuidanceStrategic and Operational Guidance

• Military Task Force and Command Military Task Force and Command RelationshipsRelationships

• Shared Interests among NationsShared Interests among Nations

• Unity of Effort among Nations and ForcesUnity of Effort among Nations and Forces

• Strategic and Operational GuidanceStrategic and Operational Guidance

• Military Task Force and Command Military Task Force and Command RelationshipsRelationships

““The MNF SOP Builds Upon These Basics”The MNF SOP Builds Upon These Basics”

Multinational Force OperationsMultinational Force Operations“The Basic Foundation”“The Basic Foundation”

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MNF SOP – Framework & OrganizationMNF SOP – Framework & OrganizationMNF SOP – Framework & OrganizationMNF SOP – Framework & Organization

• FrameworkFramework: MNF SOP is based upon a “military : MNF SOP is based upon a “military context and perspective”.context and perspective”.

“ “ If a military force is to be deployed and employed, then the If a military force is to be deployed and employed, then the SOP must have a military perspective as its foundation”SOP must have a military perspective as its foundation”

• SOP OrganizationSOP Organization: :

- Part A and BPart A and B: Provides the “conceptual foundations” : Provides the “conceptual foundations” for multinational operations and the “operational start for multinational operations and the “operational start points” for forming a Coalition / Combined Task Force points” for forming a Coalition / Combined Task Force (CTF)(CTF)

- Part CPart C: Covers the Coalition / Combined Task Force HQs : Covers the Coalition / Combined Task Force HQs organization and functionsorganization and functions

• FrameworkFramework: MNF SOP is based upon a “military : MNF SOP is based upon a “military context and perspective”.context and perspective”.

“ “ If a military force is to be deployed and employed, then the If a military force is to be deployed and employed, then the SOP must have a military perspective as its foundation”SOP must have a military perspective as its foundation”

• SOP OrganizationSOP Organization: :

- Part A and BPart A and B: Provides the “conceptual foundations” : Provides the “conceptual foundations” for multinational operations and the “operational start for multinational operations and the “operational start points” for forming a Coalition / Combined Task Force points” for forming a Coalition / Combined Task Force (CTF)(CTF)

- Part CPart C: Covers the Coalition / Combined Task Force HQs : Covers the Coalition / Combined Task Force HQs organization and functionsorganization and functions

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MNF SOPMNF SOPKey TerminologyKey Terminology

MNF SOPMNF SOPKey TerminologyKey Terminology

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TERMINOLOGY TERMINOLOGY TERMINOLOGY TERMINOLOGY

• MNF Success is based upon on good MNF Success is based upon on good communications and good relationshipscommunications and good relationships

• Terminology can be a major challenge or be a Terminology can be a major challenge or be a major asset to MNF relations / operationsmajor asset to MNF relations / operations

• MNF SOP clearly addresses thisMNF SOP clearly addresses this upfront in Part A and Bupfront in Part A and B

• An acronym and commonAn acronym and common terminology list with terminology list with definitions is being developeddefinitions is being developed for the MNF SOPfor the MNF SOP

• MNF Success is based upon on good MNF Success is based upon on good communications and good relationshipscommunications and good relationships

• Terminology can be a major challenge or be a Terminology can be a major challenge or be a major asset to MNF relations / operationsmajor asset to MNF relations / operations

• MNF SOP clearly addresses thisMNF SOP clearly addresses this upfront in Part A and Bupfront in Part A and B

• An acronym and commonAn acronym and common terminology list with terminology list with definitions is being developeddefinitions is being developed for the MNF SOPfor the MNF SOP

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Key DefinitionsKey DefinitionsKey DefinitionsKey Definitions

• MNFMNF: Multinational Force – “Broad Overarching Term”: Multinational Force – “Broad Overarching Term”

- The entire organization of nations, participating forces, and The entire organization of nations, participating forces, and support based upon “shared interests”.support based upon “shared interests”.

• Two Types of MNF OperationsTwo Types of MNF Operations::

- CoalitionCoalition: Ad-Hoc / Crisis Based (Ex: INTERFET- East Timor): Ad-Hoc / Crisis Based (Ex: INTERFET- East Timor)

- CombinedCombined: Alliance / Treaty Based (Ex: NATO or UNC / CFC - : Alliance / Treaty Based (Ex: NATO or UNC / CFC - Korea)Korea)

• CTFCTF: Coalition / Combined Task Force : Coalition / Combined Task Force

- Coalition TF (CTF)Coalition TF (CTF): Ad-Hoc / Crisis Oriented : Ad-Hoc / Crisis Oriented

- Combined TF (CTF)Combined TF (CTF): Alliance / Treaty Based (predetermined : Alliance / Treaty Based (predetermined guidelines and / or contingency plans present)guidelines and / or contingency plans present)

• MNFMNF: Multinational Force – “Broad Overarching Term”: Multinational Force – “Broad Overarching Term”

- The entire organization of nations, participating forces, and The entire organization of nations, participating forces, and support based upon “shared interests”.support based upon “shared interests”.

• Two Types of MNF OperationsTwo Types of MNF Operations::

- CoalitionCoalition: Ad-Hoc / Crisis Based (Ex: INTERFET- East Timor): Ad-Hoc / Crisis Based (Ex: INTERFET- East Timor)

- CombinedCombined: Alliance / Treaty Based (Ex: NATO or UNC / CFC - : Alliance / Treaty Based (Ex: NATO or UNC / CFC - Korea)Korea)

• CTFCTF: Coalition / Combined Task Force : Coalition / Combined Task Force

- Coalition TF (CTF)Coalition TF (CTF): Ad-Hoc / Crisis Oriented : Ad-Hoc / Crisis Oriented

- Combined TF (CTF)Combined TF (CTF): Alliance / Treaty Based (predetermined : Alliance / Treaty Based (predetermined guidelines and / or contingency plans present)guidelines and / or contingency plans present)

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MNF SOPMNF SOPKey PrinciplesKey Principles

MNF SOPMNF SOPKey PrinciplesKey Principles

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Key PrinciplesKey PrinciplesKey PrinciplesKey Principles

1.1. Operational Start PointsOperational Start Points: :

Predetermined “operational start points” prior to a crisis Predetermined “operational start points” prior to a crisis will will assist in the CTF’s speed of initial response and assist in the CTF’s speed of initial response and mission mission effectiveness. effectiveness.

2.2. Clear Understanding & CommunicationsClear Understanding & Communications::

It is critical to “agree” or “agree to disagree” based uponIt is critical to “agree” or “agree to disagree” based upon a a common set of operational start points, terms, and processes.common set of operational start points, terms, and processes.

3.3. CTF Planning ProcessCTF Planning Process::

The CTF planning structure must provide for an “integrated and The CTF planning structure must provide for an “integrated and managed process” for the movement of plans from the planning managed process” for the movement of plans from the planning stage, to the refinement stage, and then to the execution stage.stage, to the refinement stage, and then to the execution stage.

1.1. Operational Start PointsOperational Start Points: :

Predetermined “operational start points” prior to a crisis Predetermined “operational start points” prior to a crisis will will assist in the CTF’s speed of initial response and assist in the CTF’s speed of initial response and mission mission effectiveness. effectiveness.

2.2. Clear Understanding & CommunicationsClear Understanding & Communications::

It is critical to “agree” or “agree to disagree” based uponIt is critical to “agree” or “agree to disagree” based upon a a common set of operational start points, terms, and processes.common set of operational start points, terms, and processes.

3.3. CTF Planning ProcessCTF Planning Process::

The CTF planning structure must provide for an “integrated and The CTF planning structure must provide for an “integrated and managed process” for the movement of plans from the planning managed process” for the movement of plans from the planning stage, to the refinement stage, and then to the execution stage.stage, to the refinement stage, and then to the execution stage.

The above principles sets the foundationThe above principles sets the foundationFor “unity of effort” within the MNF / CTF effortFor “unity of effort” within the MNF / CTF effort

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MNF SOPMNF SOPEssential StrategicEssential Strategic

GuidanceGuidance

MNF SOPMNF SOPEssential StrategicEssential Strategic

GuidanceGuidance

Module Module # 6# 6

Module Module # 6# 6

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Strategic GuidanceStrategic GuidanceStrategic GuidanceStrategic Guidance

Effective Mission Accomplishment by a MNF and CTF Effective Mission Accomplishment by a MNF and CTF requires clear and legitimate strategic guidance from a requires clear and legitimate strategic guidance from a higher headquartershigher headquarters

Sources of GuidanceSources of Guidance::

• Multinational Regional Organization guidanceMultinational Regional Organization guidance based upon based upon alliance / treaty.alliance / treaty.

• Coalition Multinational Organizational guidanceCoalition Multinational Organizational guidance based upon based upon crisis action coordination / collaboration and ad-hoc (non-crisis action coordination / collaboration and ad-hoc (non-treaty) actions. treaty) actions.

• UN Security Council or General Assembly resolution and UN Security Council or General Assembly resolution and mandatemandate for multinational military operations (UN authorized or for multinational military operations (UN authorized or UN led). UN led).

• Unilateral Operations by a single countryUnilateral Operations by a single country that evolves into a that evolves into a coalition operation or UN operation.coalition operation or UN operation.

Effective Mission Accomplishment by a MNF and CTF Effective Mission Accomplishment by a MNF and CTF requires clear and legitimate strategic guidance from a requires clear and legitimate strategic guidance from a higher headquartershigher headquarters

Sources of GuidanceSources of Guidance::

• Multinational Regional Organization guidanceMultinational Regional Organization guidance based upon based upon alliance / treaty.alliance / treaty.

• Coalition Multinational Organizational guidanceCoalition Multinational Organizational guidance based upon based upon crisis action coordination / collaboration and ad-hoc (non-crisis action coordination / collaboration and ad-hoc (non-treaty) actions. treaty) actions.

• UN Security Council or General Assembly resolution and UN Security Council or General Assembly resolution and mandatemandate for multinational military operations (UN authorized or for multinational military operations (UN authorized or UN led). UN led).

• Unilateral Operations by a single countryUnilateral Operations by a single country that evolves into a that evolves into a coalition operation or UN operation.coalition operation or UN operation.

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Essential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic Guidance

MNF SOP establishes baseline for this guidance:MNF SOP establishes baseline for this guidance:

Essential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic Guidance::

• Purpose for MNF Action (purpose for CTF activation)Purpose for MNF Action (purpose for CTF activation)

• Broad Mission Statement MNF (CTF)Broad Mission Statement MNF (CTF)

• Broad Objectives for MNF (CTF)Broad Objectives for MNF (CTF)

• End States for MNF (CTF) Opns (Military End States)End States for MNF (CTF) Opns (Military End States)

• Broad Criteria for termination and transition of MNF OpnsBroad Criteria for termination and transition of MNF Opns

• Participating Nations and contributionParticipating Nations and contribution

• Lead Nation for effort and MNF SOP that will be usedLead Nation for effort and MNF SOP that will be used

• Agreement on Collective Security Interests InvolvedAgreement on Collective Security Interests Involved

• Specific Diplomatic, Economic, Informational, or Military Specific Diplomatic, Economic, Informational, or Military Limitations, Concerns, SensitivitiesLimitations, Concerns, Sensitivities

MNF SOP establishes baseline for this guidance:MNF SOP establishes baseline for this guidance:

Essential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic Guidance::

• Purpose for MNF Action (purpose for CTF activation)Purpose for MNF Action (purpose for CTF activation)

• Broad Mission Statement MNF (CTF)Broad Mission Statement MNF (CTF)

• Broad Objectives for MNF (CTF)Broad Objectives for MNF (CTF)

• End States for MNF (CTF) Opns (Military End States)End States for MNF (CTF) Opns (Military End States)

• Broad Criteria for termination and transition of MNF OpnsBroad Criteria for termination and transition of MNF Opns

• Participating Nations and contributionParticipating Nations and contribution

• Lead Nation for effort and MNF SOP that will be usedLead Nation for effort and MNF SOP that will be used

• Agreement on Collective Security Interests InvolvedAgreement on Collective Security Interests Involved

• Specific Diplomatic, Economic, Informational, or Military Specific Diplomatic, Economic, Informational, or Military Limitations, Concerns, SensitivitiesLimitations, Concerns, Sensitivities

25

““The Realities”The Realities” Essential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic Guidance

““The Realities”The Realities” Essential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic Guidance

• Guidance may be initially incomplete or Guidance may be initially incomplete or fragmentary due to the complex and rapidly fragmentary due to the complex and rapidly evolving crisis situation (doesn’t stop the initial evolving crisis situation (doesn’t stop the initial MNF / CTF operational responses, but can hamper MNF / CTF operational responses, but can hamper them)them)

• Guidance will require ongoing refinements and Guidance will require ongoing refinements and adjustments as the crisis evolvesadjustments as the crisis evolves

• Strategic and CTF commanders / staff need to Strategic and CTF commanders / staff need to continually press for updated / refined guidance as continually press for updated / refined guidance as required by the situation (never-ending process)required by the situation (never-ending process)

• Guidance may be initially incomplete or Guidance may be initially incomplete or fragmentary due to the complex and rapidly fragmentary due to the complex and rapidly evolving crisis situation (doesn’t stop the initial evolving crisis situation (doesn’t stop the initial MNF / CTF operational responses, but can hamper MNF / CTF operational responses, but can hamper them)them)

• Guidance will require ongoing refinements and Guidance will require ongoing refinements and adjustments as the crisis evolvesadjustments as the crisis evolves

• Strategic and CTF commanders / staff need to Strategic and CTF commanders / staff need to continually press for updated / refined guidance as continually press for updated / refined guidance as required by the situation (never-ending process)required by the situation (never-ending process)

26

MNF SOPMNF SOPOperational Start PointsOperational Start Points

MNF SOPMNF SOPOperational Start PointsOperational Start Points

27

CTF Operational Start PointsCTF Operational Start PointsCTF Operational Start PointsCTF Operational Start Points

1.1. Lead Nation ConceptLead Nation Concept

2.2. Common Command Relationships and / or Common Command Relationships and / or Common Control – Coordination ConceptsCommon Control – Coordination Concepts

3.3. Standardized CTF Headquarters OrganizationStandardized CTF Headquarters Organization

4.4. Common Planning & Decision-Making ProcessCommon Planning & Decision-Making Process

5.5. Clear Understanding and Clarity of TerminologyClear Understanding and Clarity of Terminology

1.1. Lead Nation ConceptLead Nation Concept

2.2. Common Command Relationships and / or Common Command Relationships and / or Common Control – Coordination ConceptsCommon Control – Coordination Concepts

3.3. Standardized CTF Headquarters OrganizationStandardized CTF Headquarters Organization

4.4. Common Planning & Decision-Making ProcessCommon Planning & Decision-Making Process

5.5. Clear Understanding and Clarity of TerminologyClear Understanding and Clarity of Terminology

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CTF Operational Start Point # 1CTF Operational Start Point # 1 Lead Nation ConceptLead Nation Concept

CTF Operational Start Point # 1CTF Operational Start Point # 1 Lead Nation ConceptLead Nation Concept

A Lead Nation is designated by the participating A Lead Nation is designated by the participating nations within the MNF effortnations within the MNF effort

Lead Nation is responsible for the strategic Lead Nation is responsible for the strategic consultation / coordination for the MNF effort consultation / coordination for the MNF effort Among nations Among nations With UN channelsWith UN channels With Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) or With Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) or

International Organization (IO)International Organization (IO) Lead Nation acts as the “single channel” of MNF Lead Nation acts as the “single channel” of MNF

strategic direction / guidance to military forces strategic direction / guidance to military forces within the MNF effort based upon collaboration within the MNF effort based upon collaboration and agreements with participating nationsand agreements with participating nations

Provides for “unity of effort”Provides for “unity of effort”

A Lead Nation is designated by the participating A Lead Nation is designated by the participating nations within the MNF effortnations within the MNF effort

Lead Nation is responsible for the strategic Lead Nation is responsible for the strategic consultation / coordination for the MNF effort consultation / coordination for the MNF effort Among nations Among nations With UN channelsWith UN channels With Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) or With Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) or

International Organization (IO)International Organization (IO) Lead Nation acts as the “single channel” of MNF Lead Nation acts as the “single channel” of MNF

strategic direction / guidance to military forces strategic direction / guidance to military forces within the MNF effort based upon collaboration within the MNF effort based upon collaboration and agreements with participating nationsand agreements with participating nations

Provides for “unity of effort”Provides for “unity of effort”

29

Lead Nation ConceptLead Nation ConceptCriteriaCriteria

Lead Nation ConceptLead Nation ConceptCriteriaCriteria

• Vital / Survival Interest are most directly affected Vital / Survival Interest are most directly affected

• Provides the foundation for the CTF HQs and Provides the foundation for the CTF HQs and preponderance of forces preponderance of forces

• Most capable of carrying out the diplomatic and Most capable of carrying out the diplomatic and international planning, coordination, and international planning, coordination, and execution responsibilities for the MNF effort.execution responsibilities for the MNF effort.

(Note: Nations can have major functional responsibilities (Note: Nations can have major functional responsibilities within the MNF effort (medical, airlift, etc.); but there is within the MNF effort (medical, airlift, etc.); but there is only “one” Lead Nation)only “one” Lead Nation)

• Vital / Survival Interest are most directly affected Vital / Survival Interest are most directly affected

• Provides the foundation for the CTF HQs and Provides the foundation for the CTF HQs and preponderance of forces preponderance of forces

• Most capable of carrying out the diplomatic and Most capable of carrying out the diplomatic and international planning, coordination, and international planning, coordination, and execution responsibilities for the MNF effort.execution responsibilities for the MNF effort.

(Note: Nations can have major functional responsibilities (Note: Nations can have major functional responsibilities within the MNF effort (medical, airlift, etc.); but there is within the MNF effort (medical, airlift, etc.); but there is only “one” Lead Nation)only “one” Lead Nation)

30

CTF Operational Start Point # 2CTF Operational Start Point # 2

Common Command Relationships and / or Common Command Relationships and / or Common Control – Coordination ConceptsCommon Control – Coordination Concepts

CTF Operational Start Point # 2CTF Operational Start Point # 2

Common Command Relationships and / or Common Command Relationships and / or Common Control – Coordination ConceptsCommon Control – Coordination Concepts

• Foundation – Two Chains of Command Always Foundation – Two Chains of Command Always Exist. Within the CTF command, each nations’ Exist. Within the CTF command, each nations’ forcesforces are commanded by TWO separate are commanded by TWO separate chains of command at all times:chains of command at all times:

#1: The Respective “NATIONAL” Chain of #1: The Respective “NATIONAL” Chain of CommandCommand

#2: The MNF “MULTINATIONAL” Chain of #2: The MNF “MULTINATIONAL” Chain of CommandCommand

• Foundation – Two Chains of Command Always Foundation – Two Chains of Command Always Exist. Within the CTF command, each nations’ Exist. Within the CTF command, each nations’ forcesforces are commanded by TWO separate are commanded by TWO separate chains of command at all times:chains of command at all times:

#1: The Respective “NATIONAL” Chain of #1: The Respective “NATIONAL” Chain of CommandCommand

#2: The MNF “MULTINATIONAL” Chain of #2: The MNF “MULTINATIONAL” Chain of CommandCommand

31

Command Relationship TermsCommand Relationship TermsCommand Relationship TermsCommand Relationship Terms

• Command and Control Relationships Command and Control Relationships ConceptsConcepts::

- OPCON - Operational ControlOPCON - Operational Control: command authority to : command authority to organize and employ forces, assign tasks, designate organize and employ forces, assign tasks, designate objectives, and give authoritive direction necessary to objectives, and give authoritive direction necessary to accomplish the missionaccomplish the mission

- TACON – Tactical ControlTACON – Tactical Control: more restrictive command : more restrictive command authority that is limited to the detailed control of authority that is limited to the detailed control of movements or maneuvers within a give operational area movements or maneuvers within a give operational area (AO) necessary to accomplish assigned missions or (AO) necessary to accomplish assigned missions or tasks.tasks.

- SUPPORTSUPPORT: command authority for support relationships : command authority for support relationships to assist in the coordination and direction of MNF to assist in the coordination and direction of MNF logistical planning, coordination, and control / direction logistical planning, coordination, and control / direction (types will be cover later in brief ….)(types will be cover later in brief ….)

• Command and Control Relationships Command and Control Relationships ConceptsConcepts::

- OPCON - Operational ControlOPCON - Operational Control: command authority to : command authority to organize and employ forces, assign tasks, designate organize and employ forces, assign tasks, designate objectives, and give authoritive direction necessary to objectives, and give authoritive direction necessary to accomplish the missionaccomplish the mission

- TACON – Tactical ControlTACON – Tactical Control: more restrictive command : more restrictive command authority that is limited to the detailed control of authority that is limited to the detailed control of movements or maneuvers within a give operational area movements or maneuvers within a give operational area (AO) necessary to accomplish assigned missions or (AO) necessary to accomplish assigned missions or tasks.tasks.

- SUPPORTSUPPORT: command authority for support relationships : command authority for support relationships to assist in the coordination and direction of MNF to assist in the coordination and direction of MNF logistical planning, coordination, and control / direction logistical planning, coordination, and control / direction (types will be cover later in brief ….)(types will be cover later in brief ….)

32

Categories of SupportCategories of Support(A Form of Command Relationship)(A Form of Command Relationship)

General SupportGeneral Support

Given to the supported force as a whole, rather than to a Given to the supported force as a whole, rather than to a particular particular subdivision thereof.subdivision thereof.

Mutual SupportMutual Support

Rendered by units to each other against an enemy because of Rendered by units to each other against an enemy because of their assigned tasks, their position relative to each other and to their assigned tasks, their position relative to each other and to the enemy, and their inherent capabilitiesthe enemy, and their inherent capabilities

Direct SupportDirect Support

A mission requiring a force to support another specific force andA mission requiring a force to support another specific force andauthorizing it to answer directly the supported force’s request for authorizing it to answer directly the supported force’s request for assistance.assistance.

Close SupportClose Support

Actions of the supporting force against targets or objectives that Actions of the supporting force against targets or objectives that are sufficiently near the supported force as to require detailed are sufficiently near the supported force as to require detailed integration or coordination of the supporting action with the fire, integration or coordination of the supporting action with the fire, movement or other actions of the supported force.movement or other actions of the supported force.

33

Strategic Guidance OPCON or TACONStrategic Guidance OPCON or TACONAnd SupportAnd Support

National Command National Command National Command, National Command, TheaterTheater

Lead Nation Lead Nation National Authority/iesNational Authority/ies

Nation #1 ex. ASNation #1 ex. AS

Lead Nation Lead Nation National Authority/iesNational Authority/ies

Nation #1 ex. ASNation #1 ex. AS

Supported Strategic Supported Strategic CommanderCommander

(CDF)(CDF)


(CDF)(CDF)

Participating NationParticipating Nation National Authority/ies National Authority/ies

Nation #2 ex. USNation #2 ex. US

Participating NationParticipating Nation National Authority/ies National Authority/ies

Nation #2 ex. USNation #2 ex. US

Participating NationParticipating NationNational Authority/iesNational Authority/ies

Nation #3 ex. ROKNation #3 ex. ROK

Participating NationParticipating NationNational Authority/iesNational Authority/ies

Nation #3 ex. ROKNation #3 ex. ROK

Supporting Strategic Supporting Strategic CommanderCommander

(Combatant Cdr)(Combatant Cdr)


(Combatant Cdr)(Combatant Cdr)

Supporting Strategic Supporting Strategic CommanderCommander(ROK JCS)(ROK JCS)

Supporting Strategic Supporting Strategic CommanderCommander(ROK JCS)(ROK JCS)

Commander Commander Coalition / Combined Coalition / Combined

Task ForceTask Force(CCTF)(CCTF)



ParticipatingParticipating US ForcesUS Forces

ParticipatingParticipating US ForcesUS Forces

ParticipatingParticipatingAS ForcesAS Forces

ParticipatingParticipatingAS ForcesAS Forces

ParticipatingParticipatingROK ForcesROK ForcesParticipatingParticipatingROK ForcesROK Forces

Consultation /Coordination

NationalNationalCommandCommandElement Element

NationalNationalCommandCommandElement Element

NationalNationalCommand Command Element Element

NationalNationalCommand Command Element Element

MNF Chain of Command – Lead NationMNF Chain of Command – Lead NationStart Point # 2 (Coalition of Willing)Start Point # 2 (Coalition of Willing)

LegendLegend::

34

Lead Nation – Transnational ThreatsLead Nation – Transnational Threats(Inter-Agencies Fully Imbedded)(Inter-Agencies Fully Imbedded)

Lead Nation – Transnational ThreatsLead Nation – Transnational Threats(Inter-Agencies Fully Imbedded)(Inter-Agencies Fully Imbedded)

OperationalLevel

TheaterStrategic

National StrategicGovernment &

Military

SupportingStrategic

Commander

ParticipatingNation # 2

(National Authorities)

ParticipatingNation #2 Forces



CommanderCoalition / Combined

Task Force(CCTF)

SupportedStrategic

Commander

Lead NationNation # 1


SupportingStrategic

Commander

ParticipatingNation # 3


NationalCommandElement

NationalCommandElement

Legend:Collaboration Support

Consultation Coordination

National Command

Strategic Guidance and Support

OPCON or TACON

National Command, Theater

IA

IA IA IA

IA IAIA

= Inter-Agency CoordinationAnd Planning Teams

IA

Inter-Agencies

Federal Police, FBI

and Local Police

Foreign Affairs

and State Dept

Intelligence Agencies

National & Local

Financial Agencies

and Treasury Dept

Customs

Health Officials

Other Subject

Matter Experts

35

Foreign Command ConcernsForeign Command ConcernsForeign Command ConcernsForeign Command Concerns

MNF SOP OptionsMNF SOP Options::1.1. Adjust the ParametersAdjust the Parameters::

- Adjust the operating definitions and authorities of Adjust the operating definitions and authorities of OPCON, TACON, and SUPPORT.OPCON, TACON, and SUPPORT.

2.2. Create New Operative TermsCreate New Operative Terms::- Simply create new “terms” to reflect the authorities Simply create new “terms” to reflect the authorities

required for the situation and to address National required for the situation and to address National concerns.concerns.

((Good ExampleGood Example: Combined Delegated Authority – CODA): Combined Delegated Authority – CODA)

3.3. Tailored Lead Nation OrganizationTailored Lead Nation Organization::- Tailor to maintain the benefits of the Lead nation Tailor to maintain the benefits of the Lead nation

organizational concept while balancing the concerns of organizational concept while balancing the concerns of respective Nations within the MNF effort.respective Nations within the MNF effort.

- Balanced approach … not desired…. But may be Balanced approach … not desired…. But may be required to maintain “teamwork / partnership / unity of required to maintain “teamwork / partnership / unity of effort”effort”

MNF SOP OptionsMNF SOP Options::1.1. Adjust the ParametersAdjust the Parameters::

- Adjust the operating definitions and authorities of Adjust the operating definitions and authorities of OPCON, TACON, and SUPPORT.OPCON, TACON, and SUPPORT.

2.2. Create New Operative TermsCreate New Operative Terms::- Simply create new “terms” to reflect the authorities Simply create new “terms” to reflect the authorities

required for the situation and to address National required for the situation and to address National concerns.concerns.

((Good ExampleGood Example: Combined Delegated Authority – CODA): Combined Delegated Authority – CODA)

3.3. Tailored Lead Nation OrganizationTailored Lead Nation Organization::- Tailor to maintain the benefits of the Lead nation Tailor to maintain the benefits of the Lead nation

organizational concept while balancing the concerns of organizational concept while balancing the concerns of respective Nations within the MNF effort.respective Nations within the MNF effort.

- Balanced approach … not desired…. But may be Balanced approach … not desired…. But may be required to maintain “teamwork / partnership / unity of required to maintain “teamwork / partnership / unity of effort”effort”

36

Legend:Legend:Strategic Guidance OPCON or TACONStrategic Guidance OPCON or TACONAnd SupportAnd Support

National Command National Command

Op CoordinationOp Coordination


Task Force (CCTF)Task Force (CCTF)

ParticipatingParticipating Nation #2Nation #2

ParticipatingParticipatingNation #3Nation #3

ParticipatingParticipatingNation #1Nation #1

CommanderCommander

ParticipatingParticipating Nation #1Nation #1

Lead NationLead NationNational Authority/iesNational Authority/ies


Nation #1Nation #1National Authority/iesNational Authority/ies


Consultation /Consultation / CoordinationCoordination

Collaboration/Collaboration/ CoordinationCoordination

Tailored Lead NationTailored Lead Nation(Parallel Command -- Foreign Command of Nation’s Forces is an Issue)(Parallel Command -- Foreign Command of Nation’s Forces is an Issue)

Coalition Coordination Center (CCC)Coalition Coordination Center (CCC)

37

UN Sanctioned/Authorized “Coalition, Lead Nation Led”

SRSG

Human Rights Component

Humanitarian Component

Election Component

Police Component

Administrative component

Observer Force

UN SG

Lead Nation Concept(CTF under UN legitimacy – UN Authorized)

Legend:Legend:

Strategic Coord/ConsultationStrategic Coord/Consultation

Operational CoordinationOperational Coordination

National CommandNational Command

MNF Strategic CoordinationMNF Strategic Coordination

OPCON or TACON OPCON or TACON

Note: Can haveUN LEAD (UN Sponsored) vsLead Nation led (UN Sanction/Authorized)But not recommended forComplex Opns requiringThe use of military force

38

Legend:Legend:Strategic GuidanceStrategic GuidanceAnd Support And Support

OPCON or TACONOPCON or TACON

National CommandNational Command Tentative, This Tentative, This Component may or mayComponent may or maynot be activated due tonot be activated due tonature of the crisis.nature of the crisis.

Coordination, SupportCoordination, Supportand Consultationand Consultation

Lead NationLead Nation(National Authority/ies)(National Authority/ies)


Supporting Strategic Supporting Strategic Commander(s)Commander(s)



CAFFORCAFFORAirAir

ForcesForces

CARFORCARFORArmyArmy

ForcesForces

CNAVFORCNAVFORNavy Navy

ForcesForcesCSOTFCSOTF

National National ForcesForces








CMOTFCMOTF(Civil Military)(Civil Military)

CPOTFCPOTF(Psychological)(Psychological)

Supporting Nation (s)Supporting Nation (s)(National Authority/ies)(National Authority/ies)

CMARFORCMARFORMarine ForcesMarine Forces

CCCCCC

CTF Component OrganizationCTF Component OrganizationService Component & Task ForceService Component & Task Force

CCCCCC

CoalitionCoalitionCoordinationCoordinationCenter (used Center (used in coalitions)in coalitions)IA

IA

IA = Inter-Agencies

39

LegendLegend::

Lead NationLead Nation((National Authority/iesNational Authority/ies))





CFACCCFACCAir Air

ComponentComponent

CFLCCCFLCCGroundGround

ComponentComponent

CFMCCCFMCCMaritime Maritime

ComponentComponent

CCCCCC

CSOTFCSOTF









CCMOTFCCMOTFCPOTFCPOTF

Strategic GuidanceStrategic GuidanceAnd Support And Support

OPCON or TACONOPCON or TACON Tentative, ThisTentative, ThisComponent may Component may or may not be activatedor may not be activated

National Command, National Command, TheaterTheater


Supporting Nation)s)Supporting Nation)s)((National Authority/iesNational Authority/ies))

CCCCCC

CTF Component OrganizationCTF Component OrganizationEx: Functional Components & Task ForceEx: Functional Components & Task Force

CoalitionCoalitionCoordinationCoordinationCenter (used Center (used in coalitions)in coalitions)

IA

IAIA = Inter-Agencies

40

SOTFSOTFWestWest

LegendLegend::

Lead NationLead Nation((National Authority/iesNational Authority/ies))





CFACCCFACCAir Air

ComponentComponent

TASK FORCETASK FORCEWESTWEST

TASK FORCETASK FORCEEASTEAST

CCCCCC

CSOTFCSOTF

CFMCCCFMCC SOTFSOTFEastEast


National National ForcesForces CFLCCCFLCC CFMCCCFMCC National National

ForcesForcesNational National ForcesForces

Strategic GuidanceStrategic GuidanceAnd Support And Support

OPCON or TACONOPCON or TACON Tentative, ThisTentative, ThisComponent may Component may or may not be activatedor may not be activated

National Command, National Command, TheaterTheater


Supporting Nation)s)Supporting Nation)s)((National Authority/iesNational Authority/ies))

CCCCCC

CTF Component OrganizationCTF Component OrganizationEx: Geographical Task Forces & Functional ComponentsEx: Geographical Task Forces & Functional Components

CoalitionCoalitionCoordinationCoordinationCenter (used Center (used in coalitions)in coalitions)

TF AirTF AirEastEast

TF AirTF AirWestWest

IA = Inter-Agencies

IA

IA

41

CTF Operational Start Point # 3CTF Operational Start Point # 3 Standardized CTF Headquarters OrganizationStandardized CTF Headquarters Organization

CTF Operational Start Point # 3CTF Operational Start Point # 3 Standardized CTF Headquarters OrganizationStandardized CTF Headquarters Organization

• Major HQs Functions That Must Be Addressed in Major HQs Functions That Must Be Addressed in Military Operations Other than War (MOOTW):Military Operations Other than War (MOOTW):- Operational Staff (C1 through C7)Operational Staff (C1 through C7)- Personal Staff (Legal, Public Affairs, etc.)Personal Staff (Legal, Public Affairs, etc.)- Coalition CoordinationCoalition Coordination- Civil-Military CoordinationCivil-Military Coordination- Logistics CoordinationLogistics Coordination- Media Support – International and NationalMedia Support – International and National- CTF Planning Process CTF Planning Process (Long Range to Mid-Term, Near-Term, and Current)(Long Range to Mid-Term, Near-Term, and Current)

• Major HQs Functions That Must Be Addressed in Major HQs Functions That Must Be Addressed in Military Operations Other than War (MOOTW):Military Operations Other than War (MOOTW):- Operational Staff (C1 through C7)Operational Staff (C1 through C7)- Personal Staff (Legal, Public Affairs, etc.)Personal Staff (Legal, Public Affairs, etc.)- Coalition CoordinationCoalition Coordination- Civil-Military CoordinationCivil-Military Coordination- Logistics CoordinationLogistics Coordination- Media Support – International and NationalMedia Support – International and National- CTF Planning Process CTF Planning Process (Long Range to Mid-Term, Near-Term, and Current)(Long Range to Mid-Term, Near-Term, and Current)

42

Standardized CTF HQs OrganizationStandardized CTF HQs OrganizationStandardized CTF HQs OrganizationStandardized CTF HQs Organization

Personal StaffPersonal Staff

CoalitionCoalitionCoordinationCoordination

CenterCenter(CCC(CCC))

Civil-MilitaryCivil-MilitaryOperationsOperations

CenterCenter(CMOC(CMOC))

Coalition / Combined Logistics Coordination CenterCoalition / Combined Logistics Coordination Center(CLCC) Secret – MNF REL(CLCC) Secret – MNF REL

Coalition / Combined Logistics Coordination CenterCoalition / Combined Logistics Coordination Center(CLCC) Secret – MNF REL(CLCC) Secret – MNF REL

CTF PLANNING PROCESSCTF PLANNING PROCESS(C5 PLANS, C3 FOPS, and C3 COPS)(C5 PLANS, C3 FOPS, and C3 COPS)

Red Area “ Shared Top Level Classification Info AreaRed Area “ Shared Top Level Classification Info Area

Special Special AccessAccess

OpsOps(SOF)(SOF)ClassificationClassification::

Secret – MNF RELSecret – MNF RELClassificationClassification::Case by Case Case by Case

Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs (Coalition / Combined Media Pools) (Coalition / Combined Media Pools)

Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs (Coalition / Combined Media Pools) (Coalition / Combined Media Pools)

C1C1PERSPERS

C2C2INTELINTEL

C3C3OPNSOPNS

C4C4LOGLOG

C5C5PLANSPLANS

C6C6COMMSCOMMS

C7C7CIV-MILCIV-MIL



DCCTFDCCTF

COSCOS

Multinational Force Releasable (MNF REL) Liaison & Coordination Liaison & Coordination LegendLegend::

43

CTF Headquarters TemplateCTF Headquarters TemplateTransnational Threat Transnational Threat

Inter-Agencies Fully EmbeddedInter-Agencies Fully Embedded

CTF Headquarters TemplateCTF Headquarters TemplateTransnational Threat Transnational Threat

Inter-Agencies Fully EmbeddedInter-Agencies Fully Embedded

CTF HQ Template - Essential Battle Staff

MNF REL = MULTINATIONAL RELEASABLE LIAISON & COORD =

Commander Coalition / Combined

Task Force(CCTF)

C1Personnel

C2Intel

C3Operations

C4Logistics

C5Plans

C6Comms

DCCTF

Personal StaffCoalition

CoordinationCenter(CCC)

Civil-MilitaryOperations

Center(CMOC)

Coalition / Combined Logistics Coordination Center(CLCC) Classification level is case by case

CTF Planning Process(PLANS, FOPS, COPS)

(MNF Top Level Classification)

The hatched area is Shared Top Level Classification Info Area

Special Access

Ops(SOF)

Classification level is

Case by Case

Effective Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs (Coalition / Combined Media Pools)

COS

C7Civil/Mil

Classification level is

Case by Case

IA

IA

IA

IA

IA

Inter-Agencies

44

CTF Operational Start Point #4CTF Operational Start Point #4

Common Planning & Decision-Common Planning & Decision-Making ProcessMaking Process

CTF Operational Start Point #4CTF Operational Start Point #4

Common Planning & Decision-Common Planning & Decision-Making ProcessMaking Process

• Two Major CTF Functions that MUST Two Major CTF Functions that MUST be fully understood and executed be fully understood and executed during the CTF’s activation:during the CTF’s activation:

- CTF Planning ProcessCTF Planning Process

- CTF Crisis Action Planning (CAP) CTF Crisis Action Planning (CAP) ProcessProcess

• Two Major CTF Functions that MUST Two Major CTF Functions that MUST be fully understood and executed be fully understood and executed during the CTF’s activation:during the CTF’s activation:

- CTF Planning ProcessCTF Planning Process

- CTF Crisis Action Planning (CAP) CTF Crisis Action Planning (CAP) ProcessProcess

45

CTF Planning Process FunctionsCTF Planning Process Functions

FocusFocus

168 Hrs 168 Hrs and and

Beyond **Beyond **

““What’s Next”What’s Next”

Mid-TermMid-Termtoto

Long RangeLong Range

FocusFocus96 - 168 Hrs **96 - 168 Hrs **

““What‘s theWhat‘s theSituationSituation& What& What

RefinementsRefinementsAreAre

Required”Required”

Near TermNear Term CTF: 0-24 Hrs

CTF: 24-96 Hrs

FocusFocus0 – 96 hrs **0 – 96 hrs **

““Issue &Issue &Monitor WhatMonitor WhatAdjustmentsAdjustments

AreAreRequired”Required”

CurrentCurrent““Hand-Off”Hand-Off”of Planof Plan

““Provides for an integrated and managed process to efficiently moveProvides for an integrated and managed process to efficiently moveCTF plans from the planning stage, to the refinement stage, and thenCTF plans from the planning stage, to the refinement stage, and thento the execution stage”to the execution stage”

““Hand-Off”Hand-Off”of Planof Plan

** The timeframes outlined above are only an initial guide. The CTF Commander and staff will develop the cells’ planning focus based upon actual mission requirements.

4612

Command Group Command Group Task CTF Planning Efforts & Provide Direction/GuidanceTask CTF Planning Efforts & Provide Direction/Guidance

Command Group Command Group Task CTF Planning Efforts & Provide Direction/GuidanceTask CTF Planning Efforts & Provide Direction/Guidance

CTF: 0-96 HrsCTF: 0-96 Hrs

Issues Orders, Drafts Pertinent Messages Monitor, Assess, Direct & Control

Execution. Maintain SA.

CAP Products

CTF: 168 Hrs /CTF: 168 Hrs /Next PhaseNext PhaseTransition,Transition,

or Terminationor Termination

Initial & Campaign PlanInitial & Campaign PlanFollow-on Follow-on

Phase - PlansPhase - Plans

What’s Next?What’s Next?

CTF: 96 - 168 HrsCTF: 96 - 168 Hrs

Refines, Adjusts & Modifies

OPORDs-OPLANs (Based upon

CurrentSituation)

“Hand-Off”of Plan

• OPORD-OPLANS / Campaign PlanOPORD-OPLANS / Campaign Plan• Sequel plans for future phasesSequel plans for future phases

–Concept of operationsConcept of operations–RisksRisks–Draft Cmdr’s IntentDraft Cmdr’s Intent

• Initial Cmdr’s guidance / EstimateInitial Cmdr’s guidance / Estimate• Wargaming COAsWargaming COAs• Pol-Mil Issues Pol-Mil Issues

• Branch plans with triggersBranch plans with triggers• Finalize Cdr’s IntentFinalize Cdr’s Intent• Branch Plan Cmdr’ EstimateBranch Plan Cmdr’ Estimate• Orders (WARNO, FRAGO, Etc.)Orders (WARNO, FRAGO, Etc.)• Recommend CCIR, ROERecommend CCIR, ROE• Cmdr’s SITREPCmdr’s SITREP

• Situational Awareness (SA) -- COP Situational Awareness (SA) -- COP • BriefingsBriefings• SITREP/ SITREP/ near-term FRAGOsnear-term FRAGOs• Message ReleaseMessage Release• Track Actions / SuspensesTrack Actions / Suspenses• Cmdr’s SITREPCmdr’s SITREP

CAP Products

“Hand-Off”of Plan

C3 Future Operations(FOPS)

C3 Current Operations

(COPS)

C5 Future PlansC5 Future Plans (PLANS)(PLANS)

CollaborationTools

CTF Battle StaffCTF Battle Staff

CTF Crisis Action Organization (CAO)CTF Crisis Action Organization (CAO)CAP Phase VI Execution - Plans and Operations SynchronizationCAP Phase VI Execution - Plans and Operations Synchronization

47

Lead Nation NCA / Supported Strategic Commander (Combatant Cdr) LevelLead Nation NCA / Supported Strategic Commander (Combatant Cdr) Level

IISituationSituation

DevelopmentDevelopment

IISituationSituation


VIVIExecutionExecution

VIVIExecutionExecution

CTF LevelCTF LevelCTF LevelCTF Level

DeploymentDeploymentDeploymentDeployment EmploymentEmploymentEmploymentEmployment TransitionTransitionTransitionTransition RedeploymentRedeploymentRedeploymentRedeployment

PlanningPlanningPlanningPlanning ExecutionExecutionExecutionExecution

VVExecutionExecutionPlanningPlanning

VVExecutionExecutionPlanningPlanning

CTF should be activatedCTF should be activatedAt the earliest possibleAt the earliest possibletime based upon time based upon situational factors.situational factors.

FORM CTF HQFORM CTF HQFORM CTF HQFORM CTF HQ

AugmentationAugmentationAugmentationAugmentation

CTF is activated “not later than” beginning of Phase III via the Warning Order (earlier is desired)

CTF is activated “not later than” beginning of Phase III via the Warning Order (earlier is desired)

Commander’s Commander’s EstimateEstimate

IVIVCOACOA

SelectionSelection

IVIVCOACOA

SelectionSelection

IIIIIICOACOA


IIIIIICOACOA


CAP - CRISIS ACTION PLANNINGCOA - COURSE OF ACTION

IIIICrisisCrisis

AssessmentAssessment

IIIICrisisCrisis

AssessmentAssessment

CTF Crisis Action Planning Process CTF Crisis Action Planning Process

48

C

TF

TH

EA

TE

R

NA

TIO

NA

L

CT

F

T

HE

AT

ER

N

AT

ION

AL

OP

ER

AT

ION

AL

S

TR

AT

EG

IC

S

TR

AT

EG

ICO

PE

RA

TIO

NA

L

ST

RA

TE

GIC

ST

RA

TE

GIC Nations NCA

Consultations & Assessments

1. Strategic Assessment

2. Essential Strategic Guidance Developed

3. Situation Monitored

4. Collective NCA decision for multinational military crisis response

5. Lead nation designated

6. Supported Strategic Commander, CCTF, and Supporting Commands Designated.

CTF ACTIVATED – CTF Planning(C5 PLANS, C3 FOPS, C3 COPS)

LNOs/MPAT CADRE DEPLOYS

CTF COALITION COORDINATION CENTER ACTIVATED

CTF COMMANDOPERATIONAL

CTF COMPONENTS ORGANIZED

WARNINGWARNING ORDERORDER

PLANNING & ALERTPLANNING & ALERT ORDERORDER

Note: Planning OrderNote: Planning OrderIs optional; Alert Order Is optional; Alert Order required.required.

Deployment Order (s) Issued As Required

CTF DRAFTCTF DRAFT OPORDOPORD

ApprovedApproved ORDERORDER

ONGOING LEAD NATION NATIONAL AUTH CONSULTATIONONGOING LEAD NATION NATIONAL AUTH CONSULTATION

EXECUTEEXECUTE ORDERORDER

Review

SITUATIONSITUATION

DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

CRISISCRISIS

ASSESSMENTASSESSMENT

COACOA

DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

COACOA

SELECTIONSELECTION

EXECUTIONEXECUTION

PLANNINGPLANNING

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Phase 5 Phase 6 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Phase 5 Phase 6

EXECUTIONEXECUTION

CTF Crisis Action Planning (CAP)CTF Crisis Action Planning (CAP)Process- Process- Broad OverviewBroad Overview

CDR’S CDR’S ESTIMATEESTIMATE

Supported Supported Strat. Cmdr Strat. Cmdr OPORDOPORD

WARNINGWARNING ORDERORDER

CDR’S CDR’S ESTIMATEESTIMATE

EXECUTEEXECUTE ORDERORDER

49

Critical CTF Planning PointsCritical CTF Planning Points(CTF Crisis Action Planning)(CTF Crisis Action Planning)

Critical CTF Planning PointsCritical CTF Planning Points(CTF Crisis Action Planning)(CTF Crisis Action Planning)

• CTF Crisis Action Planning must focus on two CTF Crisis Action Planning must focus on two critical areas of planning early on in the initial CTF critical areas of planning early on in the initial CTF activation:activation:

1.1. Strategic LevelStrategic Level: Clear Situational Analysis and Strategic : Clear Situational Analysis and Strategic Assessments at the National and / or UN Strategic Levels – Assessments at the National and / or UN Strategic Levels – Clear Strategic Guidance / MandateClear Strategic Guidance / Mandate

2.2. Operational LevelOperational Level: Thorough CTF Mission Analysis, Course : Thorough CTF Mission Analysis, Course of Action Development, and Commanders Estimate of Action Development, and Commanders Estimate

• CTF Crisis Action Planning must focus on two CTF Crisis Action Planning must focus on two critical areas of planning early on in the initial CTF critical areas of planning early on in the initial CTF activation:activation:

1.1. Strategic LevelStrategic Level: Clear Situational Analysis and Strategic : Clear Situational Analysis and Strategic Assessments at the National and / or UN Strategic Levels – Assessments at the National and / or UN Strategic Levels – Clear Strategic Guidance / MandateClear Strategic Guidance / Mandate

2.2. Operational LevelOperational Level: Thorough CTF Mission Analysis, Course : Thorough CTF Mission Analysis, Course of Action Development, and Commanders Estimate of Action Development, and Commanders Estimate

50

Lead Nation National Authority

Regional Organization United Nations

1. Strategic Assessment

2. Collective National Authority/UN Decision for Multinational Military effort

3. Resolution / Mandate Developed Debated UN SC

4. Resolution Issued or5. Multinational or Regional Organization Consultation Decision

Focus 1: Strategic Level Clear Strategic Guidance & End State (Clear Mandate)

Focus 1- Strategic

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Focus 2

CTFMissionAnalysis

COADevelopment

COAAnalysis

COAComparison

Plan/OrderDevelopment

MissionAnalysis

Brief

CDRPlanningGuidance

COA DecisionBrief to Cdr

COASelection

Commander’s Est.To Lead Nation

National Authority(or UN)

Critical CTF Planning Process(MPAT TE Focus)

Warning Order

WARNING ORDER

WARNING ORDER

CDR’S ESTIMATE

Focus 2: CTF Mission Analysis, COA Development, & Commander’s Estimate

CDR’S ESTIMATE

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• MNF SOP TERMINOLOGYMNF SOP TERMINOLOGY

- MPAT Concerted Effort to develop base definitions for MPAT Concerted Effort to develop base definitions for CTF Operational Start PointsCTF Operational Start Points

• MNF / CTF / Lead Nation / Supported Strategic Commander / Supporting MNF / CTF / Lead Nation / Supported Strategic Commander / Supporting Strategic CommanderStrategic Commander

• CTF HQs terms and Command RelationshipsCTF HQs terms and Command Relationships

- CTF Glossary will address all terms and abbreviationsCTF Glossary will address all terms and abbreviations

- MPAT Workshops will continually reinforce the “basic MPAT Workshops will continually reinforce the “basic foundation” of termsfoundation” of terms

• MNF SOP TERMINOLOGYMNF SOP TERMINOLOGY

- MPAT Concerted Effort to develop base definitions for MPAT Concerted Effort to develop base definitions for CTF Operational Start PointsCTF Operational Start Points

• MNF / CTF / Lead Nation / Supported Strategic Commander / Supporting MNF / CTF / Lead Nation / Supported Strategic Commander / Supporting Strategic CommanderStrategic Commander

• CTF HQs terms and Command RelationshipsCTF HQs terms and Command Relationships

- CTF Glossary will address all terms and abbreviationsCTF Glossary will address all terms and abbreviations

- MPAT Workshops will continually reinforce the “basic MPAT Workshops will continually reinforce the “basic foundation” of termsfoundation” of terms

CTF Operational Start Point #5CTF Operational Start Point #5 Clear Understanding and Clarity of Clear Understanding and Clarity of

TerminologyTerminology

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MNF SOP SummaryMNF SOP Summary“A Journey Starts with a first step”“A Journey Starts with a first step”

MNF SOP SummaryMNF SOP Summary“A Journey Starts with a first step”“A Journey Starts with a first step”

• MNF SOP – We have taken the first step!MNF SOP – We have taken the first step!

- A “Guide”A “Guide” for Operational Start Points and CTF for Operational Start Points and CTF proceduresprocedures

• Not prescriptive, binding, or directiveNot prescriptive, binding, or directive

- Focus on Operational LevelFocus on Operational Level – CTF HQs and Command – CTF HQs and Command

- PurposePurpose::

• Speed of Initial Response Speed of Initial Response

• InteroperabilityInteroperability

• Overall Mission EffectivenessOverall Mission Effectiveness

- MNF SOP is a Multinational ProductMNF SOP is a Multinational Product

• 31 Nations -- Multinational Planning Augmentation Team 31 Nations -- Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)(MPAT)

• MNF SOP – We have taken the first step!MNF SOP – We have taken the first step!

- A “Guide”A “Guide” for Operational Start Points and CTF for Operational Start Points and CTF proceduresprocedures

• Not prescriptive, binding, or directiveNot prescriptive, binding, or directive

- Focus on Operational LevelFocus on Operational Level – CTF HQs and Command – CTF HQs and Command

- PurposePurpose::

• Speed of Initial Response Speed of Initial Response

• InteroperabilityInteroperability

• Overall Mission EffectivenessOverall Mission Effectiveness

- MNF SOP is a Multinational ProductMNF SOP is a Multinational Product

• 31 Nations -- Multinational Planning Augmentation Team 31 Nations -- Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)(MPAT)

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Focus 2

CTFMissionAnalysis

COADevelopment

COAAnalysis

COAComparison

Plan/OrderDevelopment

MissionAnalysis

Brief

CDRPlanningGuidance

COA DecisionBrief to Cdr

COASelection

Commander’s Est.To Lead Nation

National Authority(or UN)

Critical CTF Planning Process(MPAT TE Focus)

Warning Order

WARNING ORDER

WARNING ORDER

CDR’S ESTIMATE

Focus 2: CTF Mission Analysis, COA Development, & Commander’s Estimate

CDR’S ESTIMATE

1 Enhancing Multinational Readiness Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT) Concept...

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