【China: GEF Dioxin Reduction from the Pulp and Paper Industry Project(P125528)】

Environmental Impact Assessment Report

for

Technical Upgrade of Jinfu Paper Products Co., Ltd,

Sichuan Province

Sichuan Province Scientific Research Institute of Environmental

Protection

E2813 v15

January 2012

Sichuan Province Jinfu Paper Products Co., Ltd

Technology Reform Project of Pulpmaking System

Environmental Impact Assessment Report

EIA Unit : Sichuan Province Scientific Research Institute of Environmental ProtectionEIA Certificate: MEP Certificate (A) 3205President: Ye Hong, Researcher (License No.: A32050020400)Chief Engineer : Ding Houcan, Senior Engineer (License No.: A32050250700)(Deputy)Project Manager: Ren Yong, Senior Engineer (License No.: A32050010300)

Compilation Team:

Name Title License No. Tasks Signature

Ren YongSenior

EngineerA32050010

Overall control, Project Analysis

Ma Li Engineer A32050055Environmental Protection Measures & Demonstration

Jia Li Engineer C32420003 Risks Assessment

QiuYuqi Engineer C32420006Environmental Impacts Analysis

Liu YongqiSenior

EngineerA32050060400

Examination and Verification

Contents

General Overview..........................................................................................................11.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................11.2 COMPILATION BASIS........................................................................................................................31.3 ASSESSMENT GOALS AND PRINCIPLES.............................................................................................41.4 ASSESSMENT LEVELS AND SCOPE....................................................................................................51.5 ASSESSMENT ELEMENTS AND METHODS.........................................................................................61.6 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TARGETS AND SENSITIVE POINTS...................................................61.7 ASSESSMENT STANDARDS................................................................................................................8

2 Analysis of Substitute Plan and Technology Reform..............................................122.1 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING PROJECT AND TECHNOLOGY REFORM ENGINEERING

122.2 COMPANY STATUS QUO AND PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION....................................................212.3 ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND ANALYSIS ON THE PROCESSES COMPARED WITH THOSE OF SUBSTITUTE EQUIPMENTS.........................................................................402.4 CONSISTANCY TO INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND PLANNING............................712.5 WASTE GENERATION, EMISSION AND CONTROL MEASURES AFTER THE PROJECT.........................72

3 Overview of nature and society in the project area.................................................863.1 OVERVIEW OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT........................................................................................863.2 OVERVIEW OF SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT............................................................................................92

4. The monitoring, investigation and assessment of the current environmental status944.1 THE CURRENT STATUS OF SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT...........................................................944.2 THE CURRENT STATUS OF GROUNDWATER ENVIRONMENT.............................................................964.3 THE CURRENT STATUS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY..........................................................................974.4 THE CURRENT STATUS OF THE QUALITY OF ACOUSTIC ENVIRONMENT..........................................994.5 MONITORING OF POLLUTION SOURCES.........................................................................................1004.6 THE NEWLY-ADDED CONTENT FOR THE MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS IN THIS EIA1024.7 INVESTIGATION OF THE CURRENT STATUS OF CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND ASSESSMENT.......................................................................................................................................103

5. Environmental impact prediction and assessment.................................................1055.1 THE ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD............................1055.2 THE ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION OF THE IMPACT ON SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT DURING OPERATION PERIOD.............................................................................................................................1085.3 THE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT ON GROUNDWATER ENVIRONMENT..............................................1135.4 THE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT ON ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT DURING..................................113OPERATION PERIOD.............................................................................................................................1135.5 THE PREDICTION OF NOISE IMPACT DURING OPERATION PERIOD..................................................1145.6 THE ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF SOLID WASTES............................................1145.7 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THIS PROJECT.....................................114

6. Mitigation Measures for Environmental Impact of Project....................................1156.1 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES APPLIED DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD.......1156.2 WASTEWATER TREATMENT MEASURES AND ILLUSTRATION DURING OPERATION PERIOD............1166.3 FLUE GAS PREVENTIVE MEASURES DURING PROJECT OPERATION PERIOD AND ILLUSTRATION OF IT.

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6.4 MEASURES ON SOLID WASTE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT DURING OPERATION PERIOD AND ILLUSTRATIONS OF THEM....................................................................................................................1266.5 NOISE PREVENTIVE MEASURES DURING THE OPERATION PERIOD AND ILLUSTRATION OF IT........1276.6 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES..........................................................127

7. Cleaner production Analysis..................................................................................1307.1 CLEAN FEATURES OF THE PROCESS..............................................................................................1307.2 ANALYSIS ON CLEANER PRODUCTION LEVEL...............................................................................1307.3 IMPLEMENT THE WAYS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR CLEANER PRODUCTION FURTHER.......................134

8. Safe discharge and total quantity control of the Project.........................................1358.1 ANALYSIS ON SAFE DISCHARGE OF THE PROJECT.......................................................................1358.2 PLAN FOR TOTAL AMOUNT CONTROL OF ENTERPRISE................................................................138

9．Environmental Risk Assessment..........................................................................140

9.1 IDENTIFICATION FOR MAJOR HAZARD SOURCES.........................................................................1409.2 FEATURES OF MAJOR INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS USED IN THE PROJECT.........................................1409.3 IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAXIMUM CREDIBLE ACCIDENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ANALYSIS

1419.4 PREVENTION MEASURES ON ENVIRONMENTAL RISK....................................................................1419.5 EMERGENCY PLAN FOR RISK ACCIDENT.......................................................................................1429.6 CONCLUSION OF RISK ASSESSMENT............................................................................................144

10 Economic Cost-benefit of Environmental Impact.................................................14510.1 ECONOMIC BENEFIT ANALYSIS..................................................................................................14510.2 SOCIAL BENEFIT ANALYSIS........................................................................................................14510.3 COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS...........................................................................................................146

11 Public Participation...............................................................................................14711.1 PURPOSE AND ROLE...................................................................................................................14711.2 METHODS AND PRINCIPLES........................................................................................................14711.3 SURVEY RESULTS........................................................................................................................14911.4 THE ENTERPRISE’S ENVIRONMENTAL IMAGE AND WAYS OF.......................................................15111.5 CONCLUSION OF PUBLIC SURVEY...............................................................................................152

12 Suggestions on Implementing Environmental Monitoring to project...................15312.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT...............................................................................................15312.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING..................................................................................................154

13 Conclusions and Suggestions................................................................................15513.1 CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................................15513.2 SUGGESTIONS.............................................................................................................................160

TablesTable 1: Project Assessment Scope...........................................................................................6Table 2: Main Targets of Environmental Protection and Focal Points (≤5km).........................8

Table 3: Environmental Atmosphere Assessment Standard Unit: mg/Nm3...............................8Table 4: Quality Standard for Surface Water Environment.......................................................9Table 5: Quality Standard for Ground Water Environment.......................................................9Table 6: Quality Standard for Acoustic Environment (GB3096-2008).....................................9Table 7: Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants from Pulp Paper Making Industry

(GB3544-2008) Unit: mg/L............................................................................................10Table 8: Standard for Emission of Atmospheric Pollutants from Boiler.................................10Table 9: Standard for Emission of Atmospheric Pollutants from Industrial Boiler & Kiln.....10Table 10: Standard for Emission of Stink Pollutants...............................................................10Table 11: Standard for Noise Emission at Boundary...............................................................11Table 12: Projects of Technology Reform by Jinfu Company................................................13Table 13: Contents of Technology Reform for the Project......................................................15Table 14: Jinfu Company’s Ongoing Projects of Technology Reform for Energy Saving......16Table 15: Post-Technology Reform Project Components and Main Environmental Problems

........................................................................................................................................18Table 16: The Layout of the Company Products.....................................................................21Table 17: Current Situation of Generation and Treatment of Wastewater by Jinfu Company.27Table 18: The Results of Wastewater Treatment at Existing Stations.....................................28Table 19: Summary of the Emission of “Three Wastes” from the Plant.................................30Table 20: GB3544-2008 Requirements for Emission of Pollutants by Pulp and Paper

Manufacturers.................................................................................................................31Table 21: The Results of Environmental Protection Check and Acceptance of Wastewater

Monitored at the Outlets of the Wastewater Treatment Station (July 2011, Unit: mg/l). 32Table 22: Monitoring Report for Environmental Protection Check and Acceptance of the

Finished Construction Project-Alkali Recovery Furnace Flue Gas.................................33Table 23: Monitoring Report for Environmental Protection Check and Acceptance of the

Finished Construction Project---35t/h Boiler Flue Gas...................................................34Table 24: Monitoring Report for Environmental Protection Check and Acceptance of the

Finished Construction Project---Uncontrollable Emission Unit: mg/m3.........................34Table 25: Generation and Discharge of Wastewater from the Plant after the Ongoing Project

Construction....................................................................................................................37Table 26: Jinfu Company’s Current Volume of Pollutants Discharge and the Volume of

Pollutants Discharge after the Implementation of the Ongoing Project of Technology Reform............................................................................................................................38

Table 27: Types of Soup and Replacement Liquor Used for Different Stages of Cooking.....45Table 28: Types of Soup and Replacement Liquor Used in Different Stages of Cooking

(Cont’d)...........................................................................................................................46Table 29: The main pulping technology indicators before and after technological

transformation.................................................................................................................54Table 30:  Major technical indicators concerning chlorine dioxide production......................60Table 31: The comparison table of main raw materials and power consumption before and

after technological transformation..................................................................................61Table 32: The table of raw materials and power consumption of the new chlorine

dioxide plant in this technological transformation..........................................................62

Table 33: Water balance of the whole plant after the project..................................................65Table 34: Waste water generated and treatment within the project.........................................74Table 35: Waste water generated and treatment from pulping workshop before the project...74Table 36: Waste water generated from other workshops and treatment out of the project......75Table 37: Treatment in wastewater station of Jinfu Company after project implementation. .76Table 38: Waste gas generation and discharge of various workshops within the range of

technical reconstruction..................................................................................................79Table 39: Waste gas generation and discharge of other workshops outside the range of

technical reconstruction..................................................................................................80Table 40: Generation and treatment of solid wastes in the project..........................................81Table 41: Statistics of noise intensity of main equipment producing noises in the project unit :

dB(A)..............................................................................................................................82Table 42: Summary and comparison on three wastes discharge of pulping and chemical

workshop before and after project implementation.........................................................82Table 43: Summary of three wastes discharge before and after project implementation........83Table 44: “Three Accounts” Analysis on Pollutants Discharge of Jinfu Company.................85Table 45: Monitoring of surface water quality  and results Unit: mg/L..................................95Table 46: The monitoring point fro groundwater quality........................................................96Table 47: Groundwater quality monitoring results  Unit: mg / L...........................................96Table 48: The assessment results concerning groundwater quality.........................................97Table 49:  The layout of ambient air monitoring points..........................................................97Table 50: The monitoring statistics of ambient air quality status and the assessment results. 98Table 51: Distribution of noise monitoring points..................................................................99Table 52: Monitoring results of the noise status Unit: dB (Α).............................................100Table 53: Monitoring results concerning organized emissions of waste gases and assessment

......................................................................................................................................101Table 54: The sewage monitoring table for the inlet and outlet of the waste water station Unit:

mg / L............................................................................................................................102Table 55: The monitoring results of the groundwater quality on white mud dreg site Unit:

mg/L..............................................................................................................................103Table 56: Statistical data of hydrological parameters for assessing the reach during the low-

flow season....................................................................................................................109Table 57: The intensity of abnormal emission of pollutants in wastewater of this project....109Table 58: The prediction result of impact of abnormal discharge of COD of the project on the

water quality  of the Dadu River (unit: mg/l)................................................................111Table 59: Wastewater Production and Disposal within the Range of Technical reconstruction

.......................................................................................................................................117Table 60: Wastewater Production and Disposal of Pulping Workshop before the Technical

reconstruction................................................................................................................118Table 61: Wastewater Production and Disposal of other Workshop outside the Range of

Technical reconstruction................................................................................................118Table 62: Treatment Conditions of Jinfu Wastewater Treatment Station after Implementing

the Project.....................................................................................................................120Table 63: Waste gas generation and discharge of various workshops within the range of

technical reconstruction................................................................................................124Table 64: Waste gas generation and discharge of other workshops outside the range of

technical reconstruction................................................................................................125Table 65: Environmental Protection Measures and Investment of the Project......................127Table 66: Comparison between cleaner production level of the whole factory and cleaner

production standard on bleached kraft pulp after technical reconstruction...................131Table 67: Comparison between the Project and the Cleaner Production Standard Index

System for Pulp & Papermaking (on trial)....................................................................133Table 68: Standard on discharged wastewater of the Project (B3544-2008).........................135Table 69: Table 8-2: Standard on Boiler Flue Gas Discharge in the Project.........................135Table 70: Discharge Standard as required in “Environment, Safety and Health Guidelines” of

the World Bank Group..................................................................................................136Table 71: Generation and predicted discharge of main pollutants of enterprise....................137Table 72: Main Pollutants Discharge of Jinfu Company after Project Implementation........138Table 73: Prevention measures on risk accidents of the Project............................................142Table 74: Emergency Environmental Monitoring Plan.........................................................143Table 75: Main economic indicators of project.....................................................................145Table 76: Public participation survey form on environmental protection of project

construction...................................................................................................................148Table 77: occupation and education background composition of public respondents...........149Table 78: Public participation and survey results..................................................................151

FiguresFigure 1: Current Process flow of Jinfu Company..................................................................23Figure 2: Current Puplmaking Process and Waste Water Generation Links of Jinfu Company

........................................................................................................................................24Figure 3: Process Flow of the Wastewater Treatment Station.................................................29Figure 4: Diagram of the Plant’s Steam Balance after the Ongoing Project of Technology

Reform Unit: t/d..............................................................................................................37Figure 5: Jinfu Company’s Process Flow after Technology Reform.......................................41Figure 6: Jinfu Company’s Process Flow before Technology Reform....................................42Figure 7: Process Flow of Raw Material Preparation and Pollutants Generation Links.........44Figure 8: Process Flow of Pulpmaking After Technology Reform.........................................48Figure 9: The technological process of washing, screening....................................................52Figure 10: The technological process of pulp-making before.................................................53Figure 11.................................................................................................................................59Figure 12: Water balance of the whole plant after the project Unit: t/d..................................63Figure13: Water balance of the whole plant before the project Unit: t/d................................64Figure 14: Pulp water balance after the project (as 1t bleached bamboo pulp).......................66Figure 15: Pulp water balance before the project (as 1t bleached bamboo pulp)....................67Figure 16: Balance of raw bamboo material in pulping workshop after the project (as absolute

dry) Unit: t/a....................................................................................................................68Figure 17: Balance of raw bamboo material in pulping workshop before the project (as

absolute dry) Unit: t/a.....................................................................................................69Figure 18: Caustic soda balance after the project (as Na2O) unit: t/a......................................69

Figure 19: Sulfur balance after the project (as S) unit: t/a......................................................70Figure 20: Steam balance after the project unit: t/h................................................................70Figure 21: Steam balance of current plant unit: t/h.................................................................71Figure 22: Process applied in wastewater station....................................................................77Figure 23: Treatment Process of wastewater treatment station of enterprise........................121

Map 1: Location of the Company Map 2: Project Location Map 3: Monitoring Sampling SitesMap 4: Hydrological Map

General Overview

1.1 Project Background

1) Company profileSichuan Province Jinfu Paper Products Co., Ltd (“Jinfu Company”) is a private

enterprise with the registered capital of RMB0.25bn and located in Yangjiawan, Fulu Township, Shawan District, Leshan City, occupying a land area of 12.13 hectare (182 mu). The current capacity of pulp making and paper making is 52,000 ton/year and 57,000 ton/year respectively, all the bleached bamboo pulp is made for self production only. The main products of the Company include bleached pulp paperboard, cultural paper and hygiene raw paper.

Until 1999, the Company’s name was Leshan City Hygiene Paper Plant (Fulu Plant), which was changed into Sichuan Province Leshan City Fuhua Paper Business Co., Ltd after being purchased by Sichuan Fuhua Group in 1999, and changed into Sichuan Province Jinfu Paper Products Co., Ltd after the reform in 2009, being used until today.

2) Brief review of the Company historyDuring the past ten years as of 1999, due to the Central Government’s vigorous

control of pollutants discharge by papermaking industry, enterprises have grown stronger and more sustainable while actively conducting pollutants treatment. In 2004, the pulp and paper production capacity reached 52,000 ton/year and 57,000 ton/year respectively, including the processes of chemical pulp making, paper making, alkali recovery, wastewater process in mid section, paper making machine white water reuse. According to the requirements of the environmental protection department, Jinfu Company has obtained all documents required for environmental protection: the EIA Report for the “Project of 52,000 T/A Pulp and 57,000 T/A Paper Production and Supporting Construction” has been approved by Sichuan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau in [2010] Order No.479. The construction of phase-1 environmental protection facilities as approved in the Order has been finished on time and the wastewater discharge to reach standard has been realized. In September 2010, the environmental protection check and acceptance by Sichuan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau signified the requirement of time-limit treatment specified in MEP Order [2010] No. 95 has been met.

At present, Jinfu Company has finished phase-2 reform approved by Sichuan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau in [2010] Order No.479, i.e., the requirement for wastewater discharge to reach standard GB3544-2008 (II), effective as of July 1, 2011 for non-bleaching wood pulp and paper manufacturers.

Jinfu Company is conducting the construction for the “Project of Technology Reform for Energy Saving and Emissions Reduction”, designed for the reform of alkali recovery system and boiler system, which has registered at Leshan Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology in October 2010 (Registration no. [2010] 11), and the EIA Report has been approved by Leshan Municipal

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Environmental Protection Bureau in March 2011 (Leshan Huanshen [2011] 26), in addition, the reform of the alkali recovery system and boiler system shall be finished by the end of this year.

3) Original basis and significance of the ProjectThe development of Jinfu Company is basically a process of synchronous

production and reform. The existing production equipments are partially out of date and inefficient, causing large amount of resources and energy consumption, higher production cost and pollutants generation, which is contradicting with the increasingly strict industrial policies and cleaner production demand. Meanwhile, if the techniques and equipments of the existing pulp making system cannot be upgraded fundamentally, the sole reliance on terminal treatment shall not help the Company to reach the “Standard for Water Pollutants Discharge from Pulp and Paper Making Industry” (GB3544-2008) in a real sense and for a long term, the survival and development of the Company shall be hindered greatly.

In order to reach the standard, Jinfu Company is planning to implement the “Project of Technology Reform for Energy Saving and Emissions Reduction in Pulp Making System” for the reform of boiling and bleaching technique upgrading. Through the implementation of the Project, the volume of water consumed by the Plant has been reduced, in addition to the reduced generation of mid-section wastewater from the source (the reduction of “ton pulp benchmark water discharge”) and the reduction of the generation AOX and flue gas. Based on these reductions, Jinfu Company shall be able to reach the new standard for wastewater discharge in a long term and stable manner. The capacity of pulp and paper production shall remain the same after the technology reform.

The Project has been registered at Leshan Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology (Registration no. [2010] 11). Through the implementation of the technology reform project, the overall level of the production technology of Jinfu Company shall be improved, the Company’s cleaner production shall also be improved to a new level, the volume of energy and material consumption has been reduced, the discharge of wastewater has been stabilized for a long term below the limit specified in GB3544-2008 (II) effective as of July 1, 2011, the generation and discharge of POPs with wastewater (such as AOX, dioxin) and stink pollutants (unique in papermaking industry) has been effectively reduced, in addition, the environmental risks brought by the use of liquid chlorine has been eliminated. Due to the Project construction, plus the other technology reforms previously finished, the Company’s non-wood pulp paper making technology shall become the most advanced in China. The social and environmental benefits of the Project are significant.

According to the “Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China”, the “Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People’s Republic of China” and the State Council Order No. 253, environmental impact assessment shall be conducted for the Project of Technology Reform for Pulp Making System of Sichuan Province Jinfu Paper Products Co., Ltd. The task of environmental impact assessment has been consigned to Sichuan Province Scientific Research Institute of Environmental Protection. After accepting the consignment, the Institute began to conduct environmental impact assessment with the cooperation of the relevant local

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departments and finished the preparation of the Environmental Impact Report through field investigation, data collection, comparative research, engineering analysis, public survey, environmental monitoring and impact prediction and analysis. The Report, upon the approval, shall be used as the basis for environmental management by the authorities and the design of environmental protection for the Project.

1.2 Compilation Basis

Environmental protection laws and regulations1) “Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China”

(December 26, 1989)2) “Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the People’s Republic of

China” (September 1, 2003)3) “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of

Atmospheric Pollution” (September 1, 2000)4) “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of

Water Pollution” (June 1, 2008)5) “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of

Environmental Pollution Caused by Solid Waste” (April 1, 2005)6) “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of

Environmental Noise Pollution” (March 1, 1997)7) “Law of the People’s Republic of China for Promotion of Cleaner

Production” (January 1, 2003)8) “Law of the People’s Republic of China on Work Safety” (June 29, 2002)9) “Management Rules for Environmental Protection of Construction

Projects”, State Council Order No. 25310) “Safety Management Rules for Hazardous Chemical”, State Council

Order No. 34411) “Decision of the State Council on Implementing Scientific Development

Outlook and Strengthening Environmental Protection”, State Council Guofa [2005] 39

12) National Development and Reform Commission “Guidance Catalogue for Adjustment of Industry Structure (2011)”

13) “Opinions of Sichuan Province People’s Government on Implementing the ‘Decision of the State Council on Implementing Scientific Development Outlook and Strengthening Environmental Protection’” (Chuanfufa [2007] 17)

14) “Sichuan Province Management Rules for Protection of Drinking Water Sources”

Relevant regulations and technical guides1) World Bank Group “EHS Guidelines for Papermaking Industry”2) “Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment---General

Rules” (HJ/T2.1-93)3) “Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment---

Atmospheric Environment” (HJ2.2-2008)4) “Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment---Surface

Water Environment” (HJ/T2.3-93)

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5) “Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment---Acoustical Environment” (HJ2.4-2009)

6) “Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment---Ground Water Environment” (HJ 610-2011)

7) “Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment for Construction Projects” (HJ/T169-2004)

8) “Technical Standard for Prevention and Control of Urban Area Dust Pollution” (HJ/T393-2007)

9) “Provisional Measures for Public Participation of Environmental Impact Assessment”, SEPA (Huanfa [2006] 28)

10) “Environmental Protection Rules for Construction Projects of Light Industry” (QBJ35-94)

11) “Comments of the State Council on the Problems Related to Ministries Concerning Acid Rain Control Areas and SO2 Pollution Control Areas” (Guohan [1998] 5)

12) “Plan for Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in the Three Gorges and the Upper Reach” (2008 Revision)

13) “Notice Concerning the Opinions on Strengthening the Work of Industrial Water Conservation”, State Economic and Trade Commission, etc., (SETC [2000] 1015)

14) “Opinions on Strengthening Environmental Protection for Construction Projects in Western Region Development”, (SEPA Huanfa [2001] 4)

15) “Water Consumption Quota---Part V: Papermaking Products” (GB/T18916.5-2002)

16) “Development Policies for Papermaking Industry”, (NDRC Announcement [2007] 71)

Relevant documents1) Feasibility Research Report;2) Implementation Standard for Environmental Impact Assessment;3) Environmental status monitoring data;4) Public participation questionnaire and internet bulletin contents;5) Other engineering technology stuff to be provided by the construction

unit

1.3 Assessment goals and principles

The Project is a typical production project of pulp paper making, during which certain environmental problems are unavoidable. In order to solve these environmental impact problems based on the consideration of the characteristics of the Project, the following principles shall be followed in the assessment activities:

1) To realize the sustainable and coordinated development between the Project construction and the local natural condition, social culture, economic growth, resources utilization and environmental protection, i.e., to ensure the Project construction to be conducted according to the strategy of sustainable development.

2) To analyze the reasonability of the overall arrangement of the Project. Countermeasures for pollution prevention and control shall be proposed

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based on the analysis and demonstration of the current measures of environmental protection of the Project.

3) To adhere to the principles of “discharge to reach standard”, “aggregate control” and “cleaner production” and demonstrate the feasibility of the various measures of pollution prevention and control in the angle of economy and technology.

4) To analyze the effectiveness and reliability of the measures for treatment and comprehensive use of wastewater, waste gas and industrial solid waste generated during the Project construction according to the principle of “key task priority” and based on the technical characteristics of the Project, so as to conduct the Project’s impact on the environment.

5) To predict the level and scope of the impact of abnormal discharge on the environment based on the environmental status monitoring results; define the protective distance of the atmospheric environment and propose the requirements based on the Project characteristics and the distribution of surrounding sensitive points.

6) To conduct analysis on the current production and the pollutants generation, treatment and discharge based on the monitoring data of the existing pollution sources.

7) To analyze and demonstrate the reasonability of the measures of solid waste treatment based on the results of environmental impact assessment of the white sludge site.

8) To draw an explicit, impartial and credible conclusion on the feasibility of the Project construction.

1.4 Assessment levels and scope

Assessment levelsAccording to the requirements of the “Technical Guidelines for Environmental

Impact Assessment”, the assessment of the Project shall be classified into different levels based on the normal emission source intensity.

1) Environmental atmosphereThe source intensity of the air pollutants from normal emission is SO2

discharged from the boiler, classified as Level III.

2) Surface water environmentThe Project is an engineering of water pollutants discharge reduction, with the

source intensity as from the wastewater station, classified as Level III.

3) Ground water environmentNo ground water shall be pumped for being used for the Project, which belongs

to Type I construction engineering according to the “Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment---Ground Water Environment”. The performance of anti-pollution in the unsaturated zone of the Project site is medieval, aquifer not easy to be polluted, ground water not sensitive, complexity of the wastewater quality at middle level, and the volume of sewage water discharge at medium level. According to the “Technical Guidelines”, the environmental impact of the ground

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water is assessed at Level III.

4) Acoustic EnvironmentThe Project is a technology reform engineering without change of noise pollution

sources before and after the construction, the acoustic environment impact is assessed at Level III.

5) Environment risk assessmentAccording to the analysis, the existing liquid chlorine risk sources shall be

eliminated after the Project construction. According to the “Technical Guidelines for Risk Assessment for Construction Projects”, the Project’s risk assessment is Level II.

Assessment scopeThe assessment scope is shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Project Assessment ScopeEnvironmental Factor Assessment Scope

Surface water environment

The receiving body of the wastewater is Daduhe River, and the assessment scope is 10km down the wastewater outlet

Environmental atmosphere

5×5km2 around the exhaust funnel of the boiler

Environmental risk

3km around the Plant site

1.5 Assessment elements and methods

Assessment elementsBased on the comprehensive analysis on the environmental characteristics and

the environmental impact factors of the Project site, the assessment element is: to conduct deepening analysis on the production processes and the pollution control measures, mainly including the analysis on the effectiveness and reliability of the wastewater treatment and emergency response measures as well as the environmental risk assessment, so as to propose the measures for accident prevention and the plans for emergency response.

Assessment contentsThe main contents of the assessment include:1) To assess the impact on the natural environment brought by the exhaust gas,

wastewater, noise and solid waste during the operation period and propose measures and recommendations for mitigating the adverse impacts;

2) To demonstrate the economic feasibility and advanced nature of the pollution prevention and control measures and the reliability of the stable discharge to reach the standard;

3) To conduct environmental risk analysis;4) To encourage public participation and integrate the public opinion into the

measures for pollution prevention and control.

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1.6 Environmental protection targets and sensitive points

Environmental relationships of the ProjectThe Project is located at Fulu Township in Shawan District of Leshan City,

occupying a land area of 12.13 hectare (182 mu), with Daduhe River on the west side and the hills on the east side. The Project site is at a distance 20 km southeast to Shawan District and 4 km south to Fulu Township, only 0.5km from Niushi Township with Daduhe River running across.

North to the production area are three households; on the west side is the road to Fulu Township, and the existing boilers are across the road; there are about 5~7 households 15m north to the boilers and 10m west to the Plant area, 1 household at a distance of 100m south to the Plant area and five households at a distance of 310m south to the Plant area. On the west side and across the Daduhe River is Hiushi Township at a distance of 500m. Within 100m around the wastewater station, no household is located, there is only a brick plant at a distance of 50~300m east to the station, and the Daduhe River is 30m west to the station.

The surrounding environment of the Project is shown in the Map 1 attached at the end of this document.

Environmental protection targets1) Environmental atmosphere

The targets of atmospheric environment protection are:Downtown of Fulu Township: north to the Plant, 4km, 21,000 population.

Niushi Township: West to the Plant, 0.5km, 10,380 population. Niushi Township School: West to the Plant, 0.43km, 1,000 staff and students. Tongci Township: south to the Plant, 4.5km, 7,760 population.

2) Surface waterThe assessment area of the Project is classified as Level III according to the

“Quality Standard for Surface Water Environment” (GB3838-2002), without specific protection targets in this area.

3) Ground waterTo protect the quality of the ground water of the Plant area and the

neighboring wells of the farmer households.

4) Acoustic environmentThe assessment area of the Project is classified as Level II according to the

“Quality Standard for Acoustic Environment” (GB3096-2008), with fewer residents around the Plant under the impact of the noise pollution, so there is no specific protection targets.

5) Environmental risks

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The protection targets of environmental risk include the atmosphere and the surface water.

The main targets of environmental protection are shown in Table 2.

Table 2: Main Targets of Environmental Protection and Focal Points (≤5km)Environmental

elementItem Location Protection Targets Protection Level

Surface water Daduhe River West side /“GB3838-2002”,

Level III

Ground water Wells60m east to wastewater

station

To protect the ground water and wells from

pollution

“GB/T14848-93”, Level III

Environmental atmosphere

Fulu Township N, 4km 21,000 p

“GB3095-1996”, Level II

Niushi Township W, 0.4km 10,380 p

Tongci Township N, 4.5km 7,760 p

Niushi Township Central School

W, 0.4km 1000 p

Farmer households

N, 10m 3 households

W, 30m 5~7 households

S, 100m 1 household

S, 310m 5 household

Acoustic environment

20-m radiusAbout 20 households

near the Plant“GB3096-2008”,

Level II

Environmental risk

AtmosphereEnvironmental protection targets 3km

around the chemical workshop

To ensure the existing risks are

acceptable environmental risks

1.7 Assessment standards

Environmental quality1) Environmental atmosphere The environmental atmosphere for the Project shall meet the standard of Level

II according to “GB3095-1996”. See Table 3.

Table 3: Environmental Atmosphere Assessment Standard Unit: mg/Nm3

8

Item PM10 SO2

Yearly average 0.10 0.06

Daily average 0.15 0.15

1-hour average / 0.50

Executing standard “GB3095-1996”, Level II2) Surface water environment The surface water environment shall meet the standard of Level III according

to the “Quality Standard for Surface Water Environment” (GB3838-2002). See Table 4.

Table 4: Quality Standard for Surface Water Environment

Item pHCODc

rBOD5

NH3-N

SSTotal

Nitrogen

Total Phosphoru

s

Sulfide

Volatile

Phenol

Concentration limit (mg/l)

6

～9

≤20 ≤4 ≤1.0≤0.0

5≤0.2 ≤0.2 ≤0.2 ≤0.005

Classification

“Quality Standard for Surface Water” (GB3838-2002), Level III

3) Ground water environment The ground water environment shall meet the standard of Level III according

to the “Quality Standard for Ground Water Environment” (GB/T14848-93). See Table 5.

Table 5: Quality Standard for Ground Water Environment

Item pH Chroma

Total Rigidit

y

Ammonia

Nitrogen

Sulfate

Volatile

Phenol

Chloride

Permanganate Index

Concentration limit (mg/l)

6.5~8.5

≤15 ≤450 ≤0.2 ≤250 ≤0.002 ≤250 ≤3.0

Classification

“Quality Standard for Ground Water Environment” (GB/T14848-93), Level III

4) Acoustic environmentThe acoustic environment shall meet the standard of Level II according to

the “Quality Standard or Acoustic Environment” (GB3096-2008). See Table 6.

9

Table 6: Quality Standard for Acoustic Environment (GB3096-2008)

StandardStandard Value---dB(A)

Daytime Nighttime

GB3096-2008 Level II 60 50

Emission standards1) Water pollutants

The wastewater discharged from the Project construction, having met the “Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants from Pulp Paper Making Industry” (GB3544-2008) (II) after being treated at the self-built Sewage Water Treatment Plant, shall be released to the Daduhe River.

The discharge of water pollutants from the wastewater generated during the Project construction shall meet the Standard. See Table 7.

Table 7: Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants from Pulp Paper Making

Industry (GB3544-2008) Unit: mg/L

Emission Standard

Water Discharg

e Volume

pHCODC

BOD5

SSAmmonia Nitrogen

Total Phosphorus

Total Nitrogen

Chroma AOX

GB3544-2008

≤60 6~9

≤90 ≤20 ≤50

≤8 ≤0.8 ≤12 ≤50 times

≤12

Note: no dimension for pH value, water discharge volume unit: ton/ton product (absolute dry pulp)

Using the maximum allowed wastewater discharge per ton of air dry pulp produced as indicated in the GB3544-2008, an initial comparison can be made between GB3544-2008 and EHS effluent guidelines, as is shown in Table 7a.

Table 7a Comparison between EHS effluent guidelines and GB3544-2008 (Table 2) discharge standards

StandardLimit Indicator Units

GB3544-2008Non-wood converted to

air dry

World Bank EHS Guidelines Non-wood(Table B1-l)

pH 6~9color Times 50 /TSS kg/Adt 1.62 2

BOD5 kg/Adt 1.08 2CODcr kg/Adt 4.86 30NH3-N kg/Adt 0.43 /

T-N kg/Adt 0.65 0.5T-P kg/Adt 0.04 0.05

AOX-Workshop kg/Adt 0.65 0.25 ( B1-a Wood Fiber)

10

Dioxin-WorkshopTEQ

ng/Adt1.62 /

Wastewater discharge

t/Adt 54 50

It is noted that in the EHS Guidelines, cooling water and other clean water is not included, while they are included in the GB3544-2008. The cooling water and other clean water is actually recycled in the paper mill, resulting discharge only about 1-2m3/ADt, which will not substantially change the quantity and quality of the total discharge. Therefore the basis for the comparison is basically identical. The comparison shows the EHS effluent guidelines non-wood pulping process does not have requirements on dioxins and AOX. Jinfu mill manufactures both pulp and paper, so it is a integrated mill. Because Chinese standard is absolute drying, when converse Chinese standards to air drying pulp, the conversion coefficient is 0.9. In the Chinese standards, AOX and Dioxin are both detected at workshop exit. The results also show that generally the Chinese GB3544-2008 standards are more stringent than the EHS effluent guidelines, except that the total nitrogen (TN) and discharge slightly surpass the EHS guidelines. Mill-specific analysis on wastewater is presented in clean production and impact analysis chapters in this report (7.4).

2) Atmospheric pollutants The emission of flue gas from boiler shall meet the standard of Type II (Time

Period II) according to the “Standard for Emission of Atmospheric Pollutants from Boiler” (GB13271-2001); the emission of flue gas from alkali furnace shall meet the standard of Level II according to the “Standard for Emission of Atmospheric Pollutants from Industrial Boiler and Kiln” (GB9078-1996); the generation of exhaust gas (stink gas) shall meet the standard of Level II according to the “Standard for Emission of Stink Pollutants” (GB14554-93). See Tables 10-12.

Table 10: Standard for Emission of Atmospheric Pollutants from Boiler

Emission StandardPollution

FactorEmission Parameter

UnitEmission

Limit

GB13271-2001, Time Period II

Flue gasEmission

concentration

mg/Nm3 200

Table 11: Standard for Emission of Atmospheric Pollutants from Industrial Boiler & Kiln

Emission Standard Pollution Factor

Emission Parameter

Unit Emission Limit

GB9078-1996, Level II

Flue gas Emission concentratio

n

mg/Nm3 200

SO2Emission

concentration

mg/Nm3 850

The Chinese standard of GB9078-1996 is used in alkali boiler, and the GB13271-2001 is employed in coal boiler.

11

Table 12: Standard for Emission of Stink Pollutants

Emission StandardPollution

FactorEmission Parameter

UnitPlant

Boundary

GB14554-93 (I), Level II H2SEmission

concentration

mg/Nm3 0.1

Mill-specific analysis on air emission, compared to EHS guidelines, will present in clean production and impact analysis chapters in this report (7.4)

3) Noise The Plant boundary noise assessment shall be conducted according to Level II

of the “Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary” (GB12348-2008). See Table 11.

Table 14: Standard for Noise Emission at Boundary

Emission StandardStandard Value---dB(A)

Applicable ConditionsDaytime Nighttime

GB12348-2008, Level II

60 50 /

12

2 Analysis of Substitute Plan and Technology

Reform

Project Title : Technology Reform for the Pulpmaking SystemConstruction Unit : Sichuan Province Jinfu Paper Product Co., LtdProject Nature : Technology reform

Project Location : The existing plant area in Fulu Township, Shawan District, Leshan City, 12.13 hectare (182 mu).

2.1 Comparative Analysis of the Existing Project and Technology

Reform Engineering

Summary of the technology reform for Jinfu Company The series of ongoing technology reform projects and those to be conducted by

Jinfu Company as of August 2010 are shown in Table 12.

13

Table 15 Projects of Technology Reform by Jinfu Company

14

No.

Project StatusMain Facilities /

Technology Reform Contents

Environmental Protection

Targets Having Been Met &

State Remarks

1

Current situation of Jinfu Company

Production capacity: pulpmaking 52,000 t/a and paper making 57,000 t/a;

Pulpmaking workshop (dry material preparation, spherical digester cooking, knot boring, vacuum pulp cleaning, pressure screening, CEHP 4-phase bleaching), at Paper Making Workshop, Alkali Recovery Workshop, Middle-Stage

Discharge of wastewater up to the standard of “GB3544 -2008” (Table 2): CODCr≤90mg/l, benchmark volume of wastewater discharge per unit product ≤60t/ton (dry pulp);

standard emission of flue gas from boiler and alkali furnace; standard emission of noise at boundary;

having realized comprehensive use and innocuous treatment of solid

Having been implemented

Construction finished.

EIA Report approved by Sichuan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau in 2010 ([2010] 479);

Checked and accepted in July 2011.

2

The Project of Technology Reform for Energy Saving and Emissions Reduction---registered at Leshan Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology ([2010] 11)

Having built the medium-pressure (3.82MPa) and low-stink alkali furnace for replacing the existing low-pressure steaming alkali furnace;

Having built one set of medium-pressure circular liquidized bed boiler (50t/h) for replacing the

Having reduced the emission of stink gas from the process of black liquor concentration and decreased the energy consumption;

Having reduced the emission of waste gas such as SO2 and decreased the energy consumption.

Being implemented

Ongoing construction of Jinfu Company.

EIA Report approved by Leshan Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau ([2011] 26);

15

Contents of technology reform for the Project and the ongoing constructionsFor overall upgrading and reform of the existing pulpmaking system, all main

equipments shall be replaced or new equipments shall be added. After the technology reform, medium-concentration operation shall be conducted in the processes of know boring, screening, oxygen delignification and bleaching, water and steam consumption has been reduced significantly, the generation of middle-stage wastewater has been decreased. The contents of technology reform for the Project are shown in Table 16, the contents of technology reform for the ongoing projects are shown in Table 17.

Table 16: Contents of Technology Reform for the ProjectNo.

Contents of Technology Reform Workshops Replacement of Existing Facilities

1To build the system of wet raw material preparation

Pulpmaking workshop

Preparation

Dry raw material preparation

2

To build a low energy consumption intermittent and replacement cooking system (4 sets of 135m3 boilers, 1 set of 800m3 discharging tank; with newly constructed high-and-low concentration stink gas collecting facility and the high concentration stink gas photo-oxidation processer)

Cooking 10 sets of 25m3 cooking balls

3 To built a 3-phase medium-concentration chlorine dioxide bleaching system (D0-EOP-D1 bleaching)

Washing, screening and bleaching

4-phase low-concentration chlorine-free bleaching system (CEHP: chlorine – alkali – hypochlorite – hydrogen peroxide)

16

No.

Contents of Technology Reform Workshops Replacement of Existing Facilities

4

To build a medium-concentration oxygen delignification system (including an oxygen preparation system with the capacity of 200m3/h)

Non

5To choose the medium-concentration knot boring system and the medium-concentration sealed screening system

Low-concentration knot boring and screening system.

6To build a collecting and washing system of waste gas from washing, screening and bleaching

Non

7To build a 4t/d chlorine dioxide preparation system

Chemical workshop Non

8To build a sodium chlorate storehouse (18m×12m)

Sodium chlorate storehouse

To dismantle the existing liquid chlorine storehouse

Table 17: Jinfu Company’s Ongoing Projects of Technology Reform for Energy Saving

No.Engineering (Workshop)

Main Contents of Implementation

Evolvement of Main Environmental Problems

1 Alkali recovery workshop

Evaporation process

To build an evaporation system for replacing the outdated and eroded evaporation system; to add a cooling water circulating system, a stained condensation water stripping unit and a stink gas combustion system.

For mitigating the pollution burden of by condensate water and alleviate the pressure for the sewage water station; controllable combustion of stink gas in stripping alkali furnace for reduction of uncontrollable release.

Incineration process

To build a medium-temperature and medium-pressure alkali recovery furnace with the capacity of

Waste heat and pressure from the increased steam pressure may be used for power

17

No.Engineering (Workshop)

Main Contents of Implementation

Evolvement of Main Environmental Problems

225tds/d for replacing the outdated low-pressure alkali furnace.

generation.

Causticization process

To add two sets of 30m2 pre-coated sludge filter..

For reducing the content of residual alkali in white sludge and eliminating the loss of alkali, which is a basis for comprehensive use of alkali.

2 Boiler room To dismantle the existing boiler room outside the Plant and phase out the 3 sets of outdated and low thermal efficiency boilers. To build a new boiler room west to the alkali recovery workshop and reinstall a high thermal efficiency circulating fluidized bed boiler, the 80-meter chimney of the alkali furnace shall be used for releasing the flue gas left after 4-field dust collection. To build a 50t/h desalination water production facility for replacing the existing production facility of ion exchange resin desalination water.

No new types of pollutants shall be generated. Increased thermal efficiency and decreased coal consumption and reduced emission of SO2

due to combustion desulphurization inside the new boiler. The 3-field dust collection from flue gas has been changed into 4-field dust collection, with higher efficiency of soot collection and lower release.

3 Waste heat power station

To equip a back-pressure generator matching the steam generation capacity of the alkali recovery furnace.

Noise problem and water discharge from the cooling water circulating system.

4 Overall layout of the Plant

Ridges, fields, pipelines and Environmental impacts during the construction

18

No.Engineering (Workshop)

Main Contents of Implementation

Evolvement of Main Environmental Problems

vegetation. period.

The pulp production capacity after technology reform shall remain at 52,000 t/a; the technology reform shall not involve the papermaking workshop, and the paper production capacity shall remain at 57,000 t/a.

Project componentsThe Project components of Jinfu Company after technology reform are shown in

Table18.

Table 18: Post-Technology Reform Project Components and Main Environmental Problems

Project Classification

Project Title Construction Contents

Main Environmental

Problems in Project Operation

Period

Main Environmental Protection Measures in

Operation PeriodRemarks

19

Main Project Pulpmaking Workshop

Overall reconstruction of pulpmaking workshop by adding new main equipments or replacing the existing ones, with pulpmaking capacity remained at 52,000 t/a. Main contents after technology reform:

1) wet raw material preparation;

2) intermittent and replacement cooking: 4×135m3;

3) medium-concentration knot boring, oxygen delignification, medium-concentration sealed screening and purification;

4) ECF chlorine-free bleaching

5) 250Nm3/h oxygen generator

Black liquor from pulpmaking process, wastewater from bleaching process, wastewater from raw material preparation, waste gas from cooking process, raw material residue and bamboo residue.

Black liquor from pulpmaking to be sent to the alkali recovery workshop for combustion;

Middle-stage wastewater to be transported to the wastewater treatment station and be discharged after treatment;

Waste gas from cooking to be released after collection and treatment;

Raw material residue to be fed into the boiler as fuel.

Workshops implementing technology reform as planned in the Project

Project Classification

Project Title Construction Contents

Main Environmental

Problems in Project Operation

Period

Main Environmental Protection Measures in

Operation PeriodRemarks

20

Main Project Alkali recovery workshop

Evaporating: five-tank five-effect evaporator, stained condensation water stripper;

Combustion: the combustion capacity of the alkali recovery furnace is 225tds/d, with the byproduct of 3.82MPa steam to be used for waste heat power generation; stink gas to be combusted simultaneously.

Digestion and causticization: including the green liquor clarifier, continuous causticizer, white liquor clarifier and white sludge scrubber.

Flue gas generation due to combustion in the alkali furnace, groove steam melting in the alkali furnace, non-condensable gas evaporation; white sludge, lime sludge; stained condensation water from black liquor evaporation and water seal water discharged from vacuum pump.

Flue gas may be released from the 80-meter chimney after four-field dust collection; melted groove steam may be released from the 35-meter chimney; vaporizing non-condensable gas may be released after being absorbed by water seal from the vacuum pump;

White sludge and lime sludge may be exported to the landfill;

Vaporizing stained condensation water may be discharged after being treated at the wastewater treatment station, and water seal water from the vacuum pump may be transported to the wastewater treatment station.

Technology reform is ongoing for this Project.

Papermaking workshop

Production capacity: 57,000t/a;

Including 14 production lines for making hygiene paper, bleached bamboo pulp and paperboard and cultural paper.

White water from papermaking machine; broke paper

Most white water may be used in the washing and screening processes after being treated at white water treatment station, with the rest to be discharged after being treated at wastewater treatment station; broke paper may be reused after pulp beating at the workshop.

Not adopted in the Project.

Chemical workshop

To build a 4t/d and R8 chlorine dioxide preparation system with the actual production of 1% chlorine dioxide solution reaching 2.75t/d (%) and the byproduct of sodium sulfate at 3.85t/d.

Non-condensable gas from the absorbing tower, cooling water discharge from the vacuum jet pump, hidden risks in raw material sodium chlorate and methanol.

Non-condensable gas from the absorbing tower may be released to the air; cooling water discharged from the vacuum jet pump may be transported to the wastewater treatment station.

Newly constructed facility for the Project.

21

Public and auxiliary environmental protection facilities

Boiler room One circulating liquidized bed boiler, dry coal shed, slag shed

SO2, soot, boiler residue and dust, wind blower noise, boiler sewage water.

Desulphurization inside the boiler, flue gas may be released with the alkali furnace flue gas after four-field dust collection, the boiler residue may be sold to the cement plant.

Technology reform is ongoing for the Project.

Desalination station

A 30t/h desalination facility Resin reclaimed wastewater.

May be transported to the wastewater treatment station

Air compression station

An air compression facility is installed in the papermaking workshop for supplying the meters with air.

Equipment noise. Sound insulation and shock absorption

Not adopted in the Project

Transformer substation

Power supply facility / /

Wastewater station

For the treatment of middle-stage wastewater, stained condensation water from black liquor, residual white water from the paper machine, domestic sewage and ground washing water.

Tail water, sludge, and stink.

The discharge of wastewater shall be conducted according to the “Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants from Pulp and papermaking Industry” (GB3544-2008) (Table 2), a protective distance shall be reserved for the transportation of sludge.

Technology reform for the Project has been finished basically.

White sludge site

A residue site has been built in Huangnipo Village, 4km northeast to the Plant, for landfilling of the white sludge.

Hidden risk of ground water pollution.

Anti-seepage measure. Not adopted in the Project.

Storage facility Liquidized sodium chlorate storehouse

Hidden risk of explosion

Strengthened management as required.

New construction.

Finished products storehouse

A storehouse for finished paper scrolls and paperboard.

/ / Not adopted in the Project

Plant workers and staff Workshops and the Plant Office.

Domestic sewage water and garbage.

Domestic sewage water may be transported to the wastewater treatment station, domestic garbage may be transported to the stockpile location designated by the environmental hygiene department.

22

Note: The shadowed parts are the contents of technology reform for the Project, the rest parts are reserved facilities; the existing pulpmaking facilities and liquidized sodium chlorate storehouse shall be dismantled.

The compliance of the project compositions and World Bank EHS guidelines is in table 19

Table 19 The compliance of the proposed projects and EHS

No.“EHS Guidelines for Papermaking Industry”

Pollution prevention and control measures that the project takes

1.1 wastewater management

Deoxy lignin before bleachingAdd oxygen delignification process before enter bleaching workshop

Bleached(sulfate and sulfite pulp mills)before the effective pulp washing

Take all closed washing and filtering technology

Replace elemental chlorine bleaching method with elemental chlorine free or totally chlorine free bleaching method

Through the transformation, achieved element chlorine free bleaching, reduce the impact of AOX and dioxin that may generate from bleaching process.

By reducing the multiple use of chlorine or increasing chlorine dioxide to replace molecular chlorine to decrease the use of element chlorine

Achieved chlorine dioxide substitution for chlorine through transformation

By using additive without precursor and cleaning thoroughly to reduce dioxins and dibenzofurans as little as possible into bleaching process

Using closed filtering to minimize the dioxins and dibenzofurans enter bleaching process

Stop using material contaminated by polychlorinated phenols to make pulp

Not using the aforementioned material

Collect spilling cooking liquid and recycling

During production process, taking measures to minimize the running, spouting, dropping, leaking phenomenon of the cooking process. For the accidents about cooking waste liquid that may occur, it need to develop contingency plans for minimizing the harm as low as possible.

Extract and reuse condensate from evaporation and cooking to reduce the smell of TRS(sulfate and sulfite pulpmaking mills)

During production process, use remaining heat technology to spout to minimize the exhaust emissions.

Chemical recycling in sulfate and sulfite pulpmaking mills

Take alkali recovery technology to recover chemicals

Pulp white water recycling, use disc filters, Recycling white water generating from

23

drum filter or micro-flotation to recycle fiber, reduce fresh water mix into white water systems as little as possible

papermaking workshop can reduce the consumption volume of fresh water, reuse rate is about 87%.

1.2 wastewater treatment

Preliminary mechanical treatment: usually use mechanical tank or settling ponds to remove suspended solids in wastewater. Sometimes use chemical flocculation to remove suspended solids as an auxiliary method.Secondary treatment: pulpmaking mills that discharge relatively high organic pollutant usually use biological wastewater treatment technology to remove resin acid and chlorinated organic compounds and other toxic compounds. Specific applications include a variety of different types and configurations of biological treatment technology. The most commonly used systems include activated sludge treatment method; oxidation pond treatment method; various types of biological filtration usually used with other methods; anaerobic treatment that used before anaerobic biological treatment in pre-processing stage; utilization of various methods in the case of efficient treatment. In addition, sometimes, it needs to extended aeration time to oxidate toxic compounds such as resin and fatty acids and to reduce generation of biological sludge; anaerobic biological treatment method is suitable for handling some discharge that has high BOD/COD and low level of certain toxic substances, such as sulfite pulping condensate, emission of mechanical pulping and recycling of paper, then use the remaining purification condensate in order to reduce total water consumption and wastewater discharge.

After transformation, wastewater get into the tertiary wastewater treatment, taking the following process: grille→ primary settling tank →hydrolytic acidification→ contact oxidation aeration tank→secondary sedimentation tank → flotation→ outlet. Efflux wastewater discharges into Dadu River after meet the standard GB3544-2008” paper industry emission standards”. Part of the treated wastewater reuse for bamboo cleaning, recycling rate of about 22%.

2 、 exhaust gas

management

It need to collect or burn stench gas, dirty brown pulp, some brown washing pulp, unbleached pulp and condensate from all exhaust port when deal with black liquor

As the smaller total pulp production, and taking remaining heat recycling device during the pulp cooking spray part, the emission of TRS has

24

in bleached and unbleached sulfate pulpmaking mill.

minimized.

In sensitive situation, such as near residential areas, it should consider backup incineration device or point specified alternative incineration to treat low concentrations of TRS. Recovery boiler is the preferred point of incineration.

Because of the low pulp production, it is currently not yet taken measures that recover TRS for combustion.

When odor gases which exhaust from wastewater treatment plant become an issue, we should consider that using oxygen-activated sludge to capture stench gas and incineration the exhaust gas subsequently.

As a result of alkali recovery technology, the concentration of organic compounds in influent of wastewater treatment can be reduced rapidly, in terms of odor source, like sludge dewatering plant, everyday cleaning measure should be adopted to reduce the influence of odor gas.

measures to control waste gas from alkali recovery boiler

Prior to incineration in the recovery boiler, use evaporator(sulfate pulp mills) which dry solid is higher than 75% to condense black liquor in order to reduce the emission of sulfur

It can improve the concentration of black liquor and reduce the emission of sulfur dioxide through the alkali recovery boiler evaporation step.

Control the parameters of recovery boiler, including furnace temperature, gas, black liquor injection volume, boiler load and so on, so as to reduce sulfur emissions.

By controlling the combustion parameter of recovery boiler and basing on the routine monitoring, it shows that the emission targets of alkali recovery furnaces are able to meet export dust and SO2 secondary standards in the B9078-1996”industrial furnace air pollutant emission standards”.

3、solid waste Improve sludge dewatering, and promote the burning of sludge(usually in auxiliary boilers and using of auxiliary fuel)

After chemical sludge from wastewater treatment dewatering and using drying beds for further dewatering, then into the enterprise landfill.

Lime sludge(Kraft pulp plant) usually recovered by plant recovery system, but the excess can be used to improve acidic soil, and also be self buried.

After completing the projects and energy project, a small amount of white clay can be used as desulfurization and landfill of the remaining part in the enterprises’ purpose-built yard.

After dehydration , green liquor sludge(Kraft pulp mills)can be used to cover solid waste landfill, it can also used

A small amount of green sludge and lime sludge can be disposed safety in landfill.

25

as fertilizer in the woods(based on the analysis of nutrients and potential impact of the land) and composite material of acidic waste water.Biological sludge can be incinerated

together with fiber sludge, or dewatering and incineration in Kraft pulp pulpmaking mills, it can also be mixed with other organic materials for soil improvement.

After dewatering biological sludge which is from wastewater treatment, it can be transported to bamboo forest as fertilizer or be disposed safety in landfill after re-dried.

2.2 Company status quo and projects under construction

Company status quo1) Current situation of products layout The current production capacity of Jinfu Company is 52,000 t/a for pulpmaking

and 57,000 t/a for paper making, the product quality shall be inspected according to the relevant national and industry standards. The products layout is shown in Table 20.

Table 20: The Layout of the Company ProductsType Production

CapacityProducts Layout

Pulp 52,000 t/a 52,000 t/a bleached bamboo pulp

Paper product

57,000 t/a 57,000 t/a cultural paper and hygiene raw paper

2) Overall layout of the PlantThe Plant area of Jinfu Company is an oblong shaped site from north to south,

divided into raw material preparation area, pulpmaking area, alkali recovery area, boiler room, paper products production area and middle-stage water treatment area according to the topographic feature and the specific implementation of technology reform.

The raw material preparation area is located in the central section of the Plant; the pulpmaking area, as well as the washing, screening and bleaching workshops, is on the east side near the hill; the alkali recovery workshop is chosen at the south edge of the Plant; the boiler room and dry coal shed are east to the central area; the paper products production area is located in the northern section of the Plant and separated from the pulpmaking area, the wastewater treatment station (for middle-stage wastewater) is on the right bank of Daduhe River, 150m northwest to the production area, the water station is also built in this area.

3) Brief introduction of the processesJinfu Company chooses bamboo pieces as the raw material for pulpmaking, a

technique including the processes of dry raw material preparation through intermittent

26

sulfate cooking, vacuum machine pulp washing, pressured screening, medium-concentration sand remover purification and four-stage low chlorine bleaching.

The production of cultural paper is by a 1,760mm multi-cylinder long-mesh machine working at the speed of 200m/min; the production of household paper is finished by 11 sets of hygiene paper making machines with the width of 2,200mm and working at the speed of 180m/min.

The recovery of alkali includes the condensation, combustion and causticization processes by a five-effect evaporator

In general, the pulpmaking process adopted by Jinfu Company belongs to the traditional and backward production technology, such as the processes of ball cooking, low-concentration knot boring and Cl2 bleaching.

4) Existing process flow and wastewater generation links

27

Figure 1: Current Process flow of Jinfu Company

28

Dry Material Preparation

Purchased bamboo pieces

50t/h circulating fluidized-bed boiler

Knot Boring System

Four-Tank Vacuum Pulp Washer

Sealed Screening

CEHP 4-Stage Bleaching

(chlorine-free bleaching)

Bleached Plup Tower

Paper Machine Room

Material Stockpile

Cooking System(10 25m3 cooking balls and

discharging tanks)

Finished Paper Storehouse

Black liquor

Evaporation & Condensation System

(5-tank 5-effect evaporator)

Middle-stage wastewater

Wastewater Treatment Station

(ABR + Contact oxidation + Chemical oxidation, plus level-

III shallow vaporizing)

High Concentration Black Liquor Groove

Combustion System (225tds/d, 3.82MPa)（ 配 废 锅 及 余 热 发 电 装

Causticization System

Sodium sulfate

Quicklime powder

White liquor

Paper machine white water

Stained condensation water

Back to cooking process

White sludge

Steam

Residue landfill

Clear water

Reaching standard discharge to Daduhe River

Partial reuse

Desalination Station

Raw water

Purchased coal

Quicklime powder

Desulphurization

Steam

Steam header

Steam header

Alkali furnace flue gas

Boiler flue gas

4-field dust collection and release

4-field dust collection and release

To wastewater treatment station

Alkali recovery workshop

White Water Recycle System

(flocculating sedimentation + shallow vaporizing)

Fiber recycle Back to papermaking workshop

White water

To pulpmaking workshopPapermaking workshop

Wastewater treatment station

Boiler Room

Desalinized water

Pulpmaking workshop

Cl2

NaOH

NaClO

H2O2

Figure 2: Current Puplmaking Process and Waste Water Generation Links of Jinfu Company

29

Cooking Ball Cooking(10 25m3 cooking balls, 4h/165℃）

Qualified bamboo pieces (purchased)

Steam

Cooking liquor

Material Stockpile(15~30d)

Moisture content and small-volume fermented gas

Alkali Groove

Concentrated white liquor

Direct heating

Addition of liquidized / sulphurized alkali

Small release gas

Discharging tank

Crude Pulp Pool

Discharging gas

Cooking: pulp concentration 12%

Medium-concentration Knot Borer

Knots Frame-Shaking Screen Machine

Pulp residue (bamboo knots)

Pulp material

Vacuum Pulp Washer(4-stage, backwashing)

Pressurized Screen (I)

Black liquor

High-Concentration Pulp Washer

Pulp Storage Tower

Accepted pulp

Tail pulp Pressurized Screen (II)

Grit catcher

accepts

Accepted pulp

Pulp residue

Clear water

Condensated water discharge

Screened water discharge

Hot white water

Chlorination Tower + Pulp Washer

Liquid chlorine Gasification

Alkali Tower + Pulp Washer

H-Stage Bleaching Tower + Pulp Washer

P-Stage Bleaching Tower + Pulp Washer

Alkali solution

Hypochloric chlorate solution

Aquae hydrogenii dioxide solution

Bleached wastewater

Backwashing water

H2O2 bleached water discharge

Screening Bamboo residue

Clear water

SteamDirect heating

H2O2 bleached wastewater

Screened wastewater (middle-stage)

Reuse for washing and screening

Pulp concentration 5%

Pulp concentration 10%

To wastewater treatment station

Back to alkali recovery workshop

5) Existing public and auxiliary and environmental protection facilities Water Station

Production and domestic use water is from Daduhe River, the Water Station is located near the bank of Daduhe River, 150m northwest to the Plant, with a capacity of water supply at 15,000~20,000 m3/d.

Desalination Station There are two sets of desalination equipments installed in the alkali recovery

room and boiler room respectively, adopting the ion exchange processing technology with a capacity of 44 t/h, supplying water for the waste heat alkali furnace and normal low-pressure boiler. The capacity of the Desalination Station at the alkali recovery room is 11 t/h, and the capacity of the Desalination Station at the boiler room is about 33 t/h.

Cooling water supply No installation of circulating water station in the Plant. The heated cooling

water from the evaporating process at the alkali recovery workshop shall be transported to the pulpmaking workshop for washing and bleaching, this is for comprehensive use of thermal energy.

Power Transformer and Distribution Station A general Power Transformer and Distribution Station is located in the Plant

area, extended overhead from Xinhua Power Distribution Station 3km away. It’s installed with two sets of 35kV/10.5kV Transformer and equipped with diesel generator for supplying electricity to all power-driven devices in the Plant. The level of power load is for 0.38kV devices.

Air Compression StationFive sets of SA-90A air cooling screw air compressors are installed in the

Station for supplying air to the Papermaking Workshop. Parameters for each air compressor: discharge rate: 15m3/min, pressure: 0.8MPa, power supply: 90kW.

Boiler Room One 35t/h circulating liquidized-bed coal-fired boiler is installed in the Boiler

Room, adopting the technique of limestone combustion desulphurization; one 6t/h and one 8t/h chain boiler also installed in the Boiler Room. Flue gas is released through the 50-meter pipe after the process of dust collection by a 3-field electrostatic cleaner.

The Boiler Room is located at the west section of the Plant, close to the Dry Coal Shed and Residue Storehouse.

Wastewater Treatment Station (middle-stage water treatment system) The existing 20,000t/d middle-stage water treatment system is located at a

distance of 150m northwest to the Plant, south to the Water Station and near the bank of Daduhe River, including the treatment of middle-stage wastewater, alkali evaporating stained condensation water, domestic sewage water and ground washing water. The treated water after the process of “Temper → Preliminary sedimentation →

30

Vertical Pulp Storage Tower

Bleached Bamboo Pulp

ABR → Contact oxidation → Secondary sedimentation pool → Release” is released through the pipes to Daduhe River.

Paper Machine White Water Recycle System The 10,000t/d Paper Machine White Water Recycle System is installed in the

Papermaking Room for processing the diluted white water. After the processes of “flocculating settling + shallow vaporizing”, the treated white water is mostly transported back to the Pulpmaking Room, with the rest transported to the Wastewater Treatment Station.

White Sludge Site The white sludge generated after alkali recovery is about 52,000t/a,

dumped at the White Sludge Site located in Unit 1, Huangnipo Village, Fulu Township 4km northeast. In the shape of “C” and at the height of 20m, the effective storage capacity amounts to 200,000 m3 for 8~10 years of storage. Currently the operation has been going on for two years.

6) Generation, treatment and release of the existing pollutants Wastewater

There are three main sources of wastewater generation: cooking black liquor, middle-stage wastewater, and papermaking white water, which shall be treated separately according to the principles of “clear water and sewage water separating”, “different treatment for different sewage water” and “multiple-stage use”.

Types of wastewater and treatment measuresBlack liquor: The waste liquid from cooking process is the main source of

pollution in papermaking industry, accounting for over 90% of the total amount of wastewater. Therefore, the extraction of black liquor and the recovery of alkali are the most effective means for pollution control in pulp and paper making industry.

Alkali recovery is the most feasible method for black liquor processing, besides the removal of over 90malayo % water pollution burden, the recovered alkali and thermal power can also bring economic benefits. The rate of black liquor extraction is 95%, and the rate of alkali recovery is 90%.

Middle-stage wastewater and alkali recovery evaporating wastewater: The pollution burden of the middle-stage wastewater and alkali recovery evaporating stained condensation water accounts for 10% of that of the total wastewater generated from pulpmaking.

The middle-stage wastewater is mainly from the process of screening and bleaching in pulp washing, screening and bleaching. The middle-stage wastewater, after being treated and finished the secondary biochemical materialization, may be discharged up to the standard.

The concentration of the black liquor extracted from the washing process is about 13%, while the required concentration for combustion shall be 55%, so vaporizing concentration is needed. The vaporizing stained condensation water, with the pollution burden decreased greatly, may be transported to the Wastewater Treatment

31

Station for treatment.

Paper machine white water: The concentrated white water may be used directly for pulp mixing in pre-papermaking system, while the diluted white water, after a small proportion being transported to the recycle system for “flocculating settling + shallow vaporizing”, most of which shall be transported to the alkali recovery condensation and evaporation system for heat exchange and then be used for pulp washing and concentration adjustment, and the rest white water shall be discharged after being treated at the Wastewater Treatment Station.

Other wastewater: Besides the above three types of wastewater, there are some other types of wastewater discharged at a smaller volume and causing lighter pollution, such as domestic sewage water, ground washing water, boiler sewage water, resin reclaimed water from the Desalination Station, etc., all of which shall be transported to the Wastewater Treatment Station and discharged after treatment.

The generation of wastewater by Jinfu Company is shown in Table 21.

Table 21: Current Situation of Generation and Treatment of Wastewater by Jinfu Company

Workshop SourcesVolume (m3/d)

Main Pollutants & Concentration

Generation Feature

Treatment & Discharge

Pulpmaking Room

Cooking black liquor

1377 CODCr: 80000mg/l ContinuousTransported to Alkali Recovery Room but not discharged

Screening wastewater

(middle-stage)

3825CODCr: 1000mg/l

SS: 800 mg/lContinuous

Transported to Wastewater Treatment Station for treatment, then discharged to Daduhe River up to standard

Bleaching wastewater (mid

dle-stage)4972.5

CODCr: 1500mg/l

SS: 650 mg/lContinuous

Papermaking Room

Paper machine white water

7879.5CODCr: 200mg/l

SS: 300mg/lContinuous

Transported to white water recycle system for treatment, after which partially be used for washing, screening and bleaching, the rest (994.5t/d) to be transported to Wastewater Treatment Station

32

Alkali Recovery

Room

Vaporizing Stained

Condensation Water

1071 CODCr: 1000mg/l Continuous

Transported to Wastewater Treatment Station for treatment, then discharged to Daduhe River up to standard

Desalination Room

Resin reclamation

sewage water10 Clear drain water Intermittent

Boiler Room

Boiler sewage water

19 Clear drain water Continuous

Plant Area

Ground washing

water45 CODCr: 350mg/l Intermittent

Domestic sewage water

80 CODCr: 350mg/l Continuous

Total water volume transported to Wastewater

Treatment Station11017m3/d

Wastewater treatment technology and efficiency The Wastewater Treatment Station (middle-stage wastewater treatment facility) is designed for treating middle-stage wastewater, residual white water, domestic sewage water, ground washing water at the capacity of 20,000t/d. The wastewater after treatment may be discharged to Daduhe River if it has met the concentration limit for pulp and paper manufacturers as specified in the “Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants from Pulp and Paper Making Industry” (GB3544-2008) -Table 2).(also see table7 above)

The process flow for wastewater treatment at the Wastewater Treatment Station is shown in Figure 3 and the contents are shown in Table 22.

Table 22: The Results of Wastewater Treatment at Existing Stations

Treatment Units IndexCODCr

/(mg/L)

BOD5

/(mg/L)

SS

/(mg/L)

NH3-N

/(mg/L)pH Value

Chroma/

times

Grating/Water Pool/Regulating

Pool

Influent 1500 500 480 12 8～11 350

Effluent 1350 450 384 11 8～11 315

Removal rate %

10 10 20 5 / 10

Preliminary Sedimentation

Pool

Effluent 1215 392 288 11 6.5～8.5 63

Removal rate %

10 13 25 0 / 80

ABR/Contact Oxidation Pool

Effluent 267 70 86 9 6.5～8.5 38

Removal 78 82 70 25 / 40

33

rate %

Secondary Sedimentation

Pool

Effluent 120 30 35 6 6.5～8.5 19

Removal rate %

55 58 60 30 / 50

Advanced Processing (Shallow

vaporizing)

Effluent 90 20 30 6 6.5～8.5 50

Removal rate %

25 33 14 / / /

34

Figure 3: Process Flow of the Wastewater Treatment Station

Table 22 shows that the concentration of the pollutants discharged from the Wastewater Treatment Station and the volume of wastewater generated per ton products have met the standard of concentration limit required for pulp and paper manufacturers as specified in the “Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants from Pulp and Paper Making Industry” (GB3544-2008) (Table 2) (also see table7 above)

1. Waste gas The waste gas generated by the Company includes two types: industrial waste

gas and flue gas. The flue gas includes the coal-fired flue gas from the boiler and the coal-fired flue gas from the alkali furnace; industrial waste gas is the uncontrollable emission of sulphur-containing stink gas from cooking, black liquor evaporation and the Wastewater Treatment Station. The uncontrollable emission of typical pollutants is TRS (H2S), at a rate of 12.0g/h.

1. Solid waste The solid waste generated by the Project construction includes waste bamboo

pieces, coal residue, white sludge, lime residue, broke paper, as well as the sludge and fiber residue at the Wastewater Treatment Station.

The waste bamboo pieces shall be transported to the boiler for combustion; the coal residue shall be used as raw material at the Cement Plant for the purpose of comprehensive utilization;

The white sludge and lime residue shall be transported to the White Sludge Site for landfilling;(Specificed for Jinfu mill,constructed by Jinfu)

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Wastewater

Preliminary Sedimentati

on Pool

ABR Pool

Contact Oxidation Pool

Secondary Sedimentation

Pool

Sludge Dehydrator

Tail water

Sludge Condensation

Pool

Aeration

Dehydrator

Crude residue

Crude residue transportation

Filtrate

Sludge plate transportation

Filtrate

Discharged to Daduhe River

online monitoring

Regulating Pool

Advanced Treatment System

Middle water reuse

The sludge and crude residue from the Wastewater Treatment Station shall be transported to the Landfill in Shawan District;

The broke paper from Papermaking Room shall be sent back to the workshop for pulp beating.

2. Noise The equipment noise comes from the processes of cooking gas discharge, Air

Compression Station, Vacuum Pump, Water Pump, Boiler Fan, Alkali Recovery Fusion Tank, etc.

3. Summary of the emission of “three wastes” by the Company

Table 23: Summary of the Emission of “Three Wastes” from the PlantType Generation Source Intensity Emission Source Intensity

Wastewater

Middle-stage wastewaterVolume of wastewater: 8797.5t/d

CODCr: 1,100mg/L, 3290t/a

Volume of wastewater: 8,250t/d

CODCr: 90mg/L, 252.5t/a

BOD5: 20mg/L, 49.5t/a

SS: 50mg/L, 123.8t/a

NH3-N: 8mg/L, 22.5t/a

Alkali recovery stained condensation water

Volume of wastewater: 1071t/d

CODCr: 1,000mg/L, 364t/a

Paper machine white water (residual after reuse)

Volume of wastewater: 994.5t/d

CODCr: 150mg/L, 51t/a

Boiler Room sewage water, resin reclaimed water

Volume of wastewater: 29t/d

Domestic sewage water, ground washing water

Volume of wastewater: 125t/d

CODCr: 350mg/L, 15t/a

Waste gas

49t/h coal-fired boiler flue gas (release from 50-meter chimney)

Volume of flue gas: 55,000m3/h

SO2: 1,080mg/m3, 485.2t/a

Soot: 13,000mg/m3, 5834.4t/a

Volume of flue gas: 55,000m3/h

SO2: 700mg/m3, 314.2t/a

Soot: 130mg/m3, 58.3t

Alkali furnace flue gas (released from 80-meter chimney)

Volume of flue gas: 54,000m3/h

Soot: 15,500mg/m3, 6833t/a

SO2: 4.5mg/m3, 2t/a

Volume of flue gas: 54,000m3/h

Soot: 155mg/m3, 68.3t/a

SO2: 4.5mg/m3, 2.0t/a

Solid waste

White sludge and lime residue

52,000t/a (50% moisture) Landfill

Boiler coal residue 38,500t/aSold for comprehensive

use by Cement Plant

Material Preparation bamboo residue

3,276t/a Sold to Fiberboard Plant

36

Lime residue 2,600t/a Landfill

Wastewater Treatment Station sludge

2,000t/a Landfill

Cooking knot and residue 1,600t/a Back for cooking

Screening residue 1,590t/a Boiler combustion

Broke paper 500t/a Back to the workshop

Packing material waste 200t/a Supplier recycle

Domestic garbage 50t/a Landfill

4. Situation of up-to-standard pollutants emission Up-to-standard discharge of wastewater

Jinfu Company is a pulp and paper manufacturer, the discharge of wastewater by the Company shall meet the relevant requirements specified in the “Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants from Pulp and Paper Making Industry” (GB3544-2008). See in Table 24.

Table 24: GB3544-2008 Requirements for Emission of Pollutants by Pulp and Paper Manufacturers

Benchmark Volume of Wastewater

per Unit Product

Table 2: Emission Limit as of July 1, 2011

pHChroma (dilution times)

SS

mg/L

BOD5

mg/L

CODCr

mg/L

Ammonia

Nitrogen

mg/L

Total Nitrogen

mg/L

Total Phosphoru

s

mg/L

AOX

mg/L

≤60t/t product

6~9 ≤50 ≤30 ≤20 ≤90 ≤8 ≤12 ≤0.8 ≤12

The total amount of various types of wastewater generated by Jinfu Company is 11,017t/d, all of which shall be transported to the Wastewater Treatment Station for treatment and then be discharged to Daduhe River, the treatment technique adopted is secondary biochemical processing: “ABR + Contact oxidation + High efficiency shallow vaporizing”.

The construction of the advanced treatment unit for Jinfu Company’s Wastewater Treatment Station (high efficiency shallow vaporizing system) has finished in May 2011 been commissioning ever since. In July 2011, Sichuan Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau organized the environmental protection check and acceptance activity, and the monitoring results are shown in the Table as follows.

37

Table 25: The Results of Environmental Protection Check and Acceptance of Wastewater Monitored at the Outlets of the Wastewater Treatment Station (July

2011, Unit: mg/l)

Monitoring Date

Monitoring Item

Monitoring Results Removal Rate (%)

Standard LimitI II III IV Daily Aver

ageJune 26

pH7.54 7.58 7.46 7.40 7.40-7.58 / 6-9

June 27 7.14 7.48 7.36 7.56 7.14-7.56 / 6-9

June 26Chroma

16 16 32 32 2480.0

50

June 27 16 16 16 16 16 50

June 26 Suspened substance

24 21 25 27 24.289.8

30

June 27 26 22 26 33 26.8 30

June 26COD

84 82 80 84 82.589.4

90

June 27 70 67 73 65 68.8 90

June 26BOD5

22 19 18 21 20.091.9

20

June 27 18 17 18 17 17.5 20

June 26 Ammonia Nitrogen

1.454 1.373 1.409 1.412 1.41294.7

8

June 27 1.289 1.184 1.253 1.246 1.243 8

June 26 Total Phosphorus

0.108 0.060 0.043 0.047 0.06498.3

0.8

June 27 0.087 0.056 0.055 0.043 0.060 0.8

June 26 Total Nitrogen

2.266 2.138 2.221 2.106 2.18392.6

12

June 27 2.184 2.074 1.909 1.964 2.033 12

June 26 Volume of wastewater discharged

292.0 314.0 320.2 329.2 313.8 / /

June 27 298.0 318.5 310.0 285.2 302.9 / /

June 26Volume of wastewater discharged

(pulp)

59.77 / 60

June 27 59.10 / 60

The monitored pollution burden of pulp production is 80.4-82.4%. The Table shows that the average volume of wastewater discharge actually monitored at the Wastewater Treatment Station is 7,400t/d, the discharge of wastewater per ton pulp is 59.44 ton, having met the requirement for benchmark volume of wastewater discharge per unit product as specified in the “Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants from Pulp and Paper Making Industry” (GB3544-2008), the contents of COD, BOD5,

38

ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, suspended substance, pH value and chroma existing in the wastewater monitored at the outlets of the Wastewater Treatment Station have all met the limit requirements for the concentration of pollutants discharged by pulp and paper manufacturers as specified in the “Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants from Pulp and Paper Making Industry” (GB3544-2008) (Table 2).

Up-to-standard discharge of atmospheric pollutants All boiler flue gas and alkali furnace flue gas is processed by using the 3-field

electrostatic dust catcher for removing the dust. The rate of dust collection is 99%, resulting in the up-to-standard emission of dust with the concentration ≤200mg/m3.

For the Project construction, the low-sulphur coal (0.35%) is used as the fuel, and the measure of limestone furnace desulphurization has been adopted for the 35t/h circulating liquidized-bed boiler (to ensure desulphurization efficiency ≥50%); as to the two small chain boilers, the emission of SO2 is up to standard without the application of desulphurization technology.

According to the monitoring activity conducted by Leshan Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station in September 2010 for check and acceptance, the Company’s emission of alkali furnace flue gas and boiler flue gas has been up to the standard. According to the “Monitoring Report for Environmental Protection Check and Acceptance of the Finished Construction Project”, the monitoring results of the construction project for the production capacity of 52,000t/a pulp and 57,000t/a paper products and the supporting facilities are shown in Table 26.

Table 26: Monitoring Report for Environmental Protection Check and Acceptance of the Finished Construction Project-Alkali Recovery Furnace Flue

Gas

Pollutants

Monitoring Results

Treatment efficiency

Assessment of Up-to-Standard Emission

Inlet Outlet

GB16297-1996 (Table 2), Level II

GB9078-1996,

Level II

Limit Value

Assessment Result

Limit Value

Assessment

Result

Soot (kg/h) 42 5.187.9% 120

Up to standard

200Up to

standardSoot (mg/m3) 790 96.0

SO2 (kg/h) 5.64 5.64550

Up to standard

850Up to

standardSO2 (mg/m3) 106 106

Flue gas (Nm3/h) 53188

Chimney height (m)

80

Designed efficiency of dust collection

99%

39

Pollutants

Monitoring Results

Treatment efficiency

Assessment of Up-to-Standard Emission

Inlet Outlet

GB16297-1996 (Table 2), Level II

GB9078-1996,

Level II

Limit Value

Assessment Result

Limit Value

Assessment

Result

Note: the monitoring data is the average value of 6 samples from 2-day monitoring activity.

Table 27: Monitoring Report for Environmental Protection Check and Acceptance of the Finished Construction Project---35t/h Boiler Flue Gas

PollutantsMonitoring Results Treatment

efficiencyAssessment

ResultLimit Value

Inlet Outlet

Soot (kg/h)

95%

Up to standard /

GB13271-200

Standard for Type II area in Time Period II

Soot (mg/m3) 1780 89 Up to standard200

SO2 (kg/h) 39.61 7.57

80.9%

Up to standard /

SO2 (mg/m3) 822 157 Up to standard900

Flue gas (Nm3/h) 48194

Chimney height (m) 50

Designed efficiency of dust collection

99%

Desulphurization efficiency as required in EIA Report

50%

Note: the monitoring data is the average value of 6 samples from 2-day monitoring activity.

Table 28: Monitoring Report for Environmental Protection Check and Acceptance of the Finished Construction Project---Uncontrollable Emission

Unit: mg/m3

40

PointMonitoring

Date

Hydrogen Sulfide Ammonia

Monitoring Data

Standard Value

Assessment Result

Monitoring Data

Standard Value

Assessment Result

1#

Sep 7~8

zero~0.04

0.06

Up to standard

0.030~0.135

1.5

Up to standard

2# zero~0.04Up to

standard0.031~0.170

Up to standard

3# zero~0.004Up to

standard0.093~0.376

Up to standard

4# 0.003~0.005Up to

standard0.065~0.348

Up to standard

5# 0.004~0.009Up to

standard0.041~0.375

Up to standard

Note: the monitoring data is the average value of 6 samples from 2-day monitoring activity.

Assessment standard: Level II according to “The Standard for Discharge of Stink Pollutants” (GB14554-1993) (Table 1), hydrogen sulfide emission limit is 0.002mg/m3, ammonia emission limit is 0.03mg/m3.

It is necessary to point out that Jinfu Company is planning to reconstruct the existing Alkali Furnace and Boiler, which is a part of the ongoing “Project of Technology Reform for Energy Saving” aimed for further reduction of pollutants emission based on the current up-to-standard emission of flue gas.

9. Existing system of environmental management Environmental management institution

The current environmental management institution established by Jinfu Company is the Department of Security and Environmental Protection, which is staffed with five professionals in charge of environmental protection management during the period of the Project operation. Under the overall leadership of the General Manager, the Manager of the Department of Security and Environmental Protection is responsible for the routine work of the Plant’s environmental protection management and cleaner production, in addition, two part-time managers shall be designated by each workshop for the maintenance of the environmental protection facilities and the contact with the Department of Security and Environmental Protection. The Department has also two professionals in charge of the occupational health management.

Duties of the environmental protection institution To implement the national and provincial laws, regulations and policies on

environmental protection and the requirements of environmental protection administrations at various levels; carry out the Company’s environmental protection plans based on its own production processes and to formulate the environmental protection duties and rules for each department/division and post according to the Company’s environmental protection management policies.

To control the incurrence of environmental pollution and ecological damage during the Project construction and eradicate the behavior of uncivilized construction, at the same time providing guidance and conducting supervision on the control of “three wastes” and noise during the Project construction to minimize the pollution to

41

the environment and the damage to the ecology.

To strictly implement the environmental protection rules; establish and complete the records of pollution sources during the operation process and the records of environmental protection facilities and process flows; conduct statistics on the data and statements of pollutants discharge and the operation situation of environmental protection facilities.

To conduct daily monitoring and maintenance on the environmental protection facilities and equipments and deal with the various types of environmental protection problems, at the same time keeping the records.

To conduct publicity activities on environmental protection and safe production and provide relevant technology training.

To strengthen the management, establish the emergency response plans and measures for combating abnormal discharge of wastewater and waste gas and minimize the impact of abnormal discharge.

To conduct safety management on the transportation and use of hazardous chemicals; to formulate and maintain the preventive measures for environmental risks and carry out the emergency response plans in case of environmental accidents; to conduct routine management on fire and explosion proofing facilities and gas defense devices and organize the drilling of emergency response and evacuation measures.

To provide protection and management on the Company’s employees’ occupational health.

Environmental monitoring system The CDO online monitoring devices to be installed in the Wastewater

Treatment Station.

Seasonal monitoring on the wastewater outlet to be conducted by Shawan District Environmental Monitoring Station, mainly the indices on: CODCr, NH3-N, SS and volatile phenol.

Half-year monitoring on ground water to be conducted by Shawan District Environmental Monitoring Station, mainly the indices on NH3-N, CODMn, smell, taste and chroma.

Seasonal monitoring on the boiler and alkali furnace flue gas to be conducted by Shawan District Environmental Monitoring Station, mainly the indices on SO2 and soot.

Half-year monitoring on the uncontrollable emission of waste gas to be conducted by Shawan District Environmental Monitoring Station, mainly the indices on SO2 and soot.

42

Half-year monitoring on the Plant boundary noise to be conducted by Shawan District Environmental Monitoring Station, including the monitoring on Level A continuous noise in daytime and nighttime.

Overview of the ongoing construction Projects1. Contents of ongoing construction Project The main contents of the ongoing construction Project of Technology Reform

for Energy Saving conducted by Jinfu Company include the technology reform for upgrading of the Alkali Recovery Workshop and the Coal-Fired Boiler. See Table 14.

2. Variations of pollutants discharge after the implementation of the ongoing Project

The ongoing Project of Technology Reform for Energy Saving is mainly a reconstruction of the facilities discharging atmospheric pollutants, after which the discharge of atmospheric pollutants and water pollutants shall be reduced. See in the Table as follows.

Table 29: Generation and Discharge of Wastewater from the Plant after the Ongoing Project Construction

FacilityWaste Gas

SourceFuel Treatment Measures Discharge of Pollutants

Boiler

One 50t/h circulating fluidized-bed coal-fired boiler

Coal-fired thermal value: 3500kcal/kg, sulphur content: 0.35%

Limestone furnace desulphurization, 4-field electrostatic dust collection, low-nitrogen combustion.

Efficiency of dust collection ≥99.8%;

Efficiency of desulphurization ≥60%

Volume of flue gas: 77,600m3/h

SO2: 335.3mg/m3

Soot: 82.8mg/m3

Discharged through a 80-meter chimney.

SO2: 259.1t/a

Soot: 94.8t/a

NOx: 644t/a

Alkali furnace

225tds/d flue gas

Combustion material: 55% black liquor

4-field electrostatic dust collection, efficiency of dust collection ≥99.8%

Volume of flue gas: 54,000m3/h

Soot: 96mg/m3

SO2: 106mg/m3

According to comparative analysis, the discharge of atmospheric pollutants such

as SO2 and soot from the Plant of Jinfu Company has been reduced, in specific, the reduction of SO2 emission by 57.1t/a and the reduction of COD emission by 309t/a, an indication of significant environmental benefit.

3.Balance of steam evaporation after the implementation of the ongoing Project of

Technology Reform

43

After the reconstruction of the Boiler and the Alkali Furnace, the steam balance has been realized. See in the Figure as follows.

Figure 4: Diagram of the Plant’s Steam Balance after the Ongoing Project of Technology Reform Unit: t/d

Summary of pollutants discharge and existing environmental problems1. Summary of pollutants discharge The current discharge of pollutants and the volume of pollutants discharge after

the implementation of the ongoing Project of Technology Reform conducted by Jinfu Company is summarized in the Table as follows.

Table 30 Jinfu Company’s Current Volume of Pollutants Discharge and the Volume of Pollutants Discharge after the Implementation of the Ongoing Project

of Technology Reform

Index

Total Amount of Pollutants DischargedIndex for

Aggregate Control Specified by the

Local Environmental

Protection Department

Current Concentration and

Amount of Pollutants

Discharged by the Plant

Future Concentration and Amount of

Pollutants Discharged by the

Plant after the Implementation of

the Ongoing Project

Wastewater

Volume of wastewate

r discharge

8,250m3/d (60t/t dry pulp)

8250m3/d (60t/t dry pulp)

/

COD 90mg/L, 252.5t/a 90mg/L, 252.5t/a 810t/a

NH3-N 8mg/L, 22.5t/a 8mg/L, 22.5t/a 81t/a

44

Alkali Furnace

Boiler

Turboset 745 (0.4～1.2MPa)

Alkali Recovery Production System

1248

(3.82MPa)

745

Alkali Recovery Stripping System

23

Pulp and Paper Making System

Alkali Furnace self-use steam and pipeline loss

661

408

253

84

116436

Boiler self-use steam and pipeline loss

Waste gas

SO2 700mg/m3, 316.2t/a 240.5mg/m3, 259.1t/a 320t/a

Soot 150mg/m3, 126.6t/a 90mg/m3, 94.8t/a 130t/a

NOx / 616.3mg/m3, 644t/a /

2. The Company’s environmental problems and solutions At present, Jinfu Company has realized up-to-standard discharge of wastewater

and waste gas, the noise monitored at the Plant boundary is within the limit, the discharged solid waste has realized comprehensive use and innocuous treatment. However, there are some environmental problems such as the hidden environmental risks in the storage and use of liquid chlorine, the short-distance impact of the pulpmaking stink gas, the failure in realizing stable and long-term up-to-new standard benchmark wastewater discharge per ton pulp.

Jinfu Company has realized up-to-standard discharge of pollutants, however, due to the limitation of the existing pulpmaking process, the burden of pollutants in the generated middle-stage wastewater is higher than the standard, after being treated at the Wastewater Treatment Station, the concentration of COD may reach the standard of 150mg/l(before July1, 2011),, or reaching the new standard of 90mg/l after advanced treatment. Still, the discharge of pollutants (such as AOX) monitored at the wastewater outlets of the workshops and production facilities can not reach the new standard; in particular, the benchmark volume of wastewater discharge per ton pulp may not be able to meet the limit of new standard, so the total amount of water pollutants discharge and aggregate reduction cannot be ensured.

The Project of Technology Reform is in fact an effective guarantee measure for solving these problems fundamentally, the control of the generation of wastewater and pollutants from sources ensures the stable and overall realization of up-to-new standard emission by the Company, at the same time, the generation of pulpmaking stink gas and its impacts may be mitigated to a much lower level, the hidden environmental risks brought by liquid chlorine may be eliminated from the source.

The basis for conducting the Project of Technology Reform includes the established Wastewater Treatment Station, the Alkali Furnace, the Boiler, water and power supply facilities, as well as the existing risk prevention measures and emergency response plans such as the storage tanks and cofferdam. Since the Project is just a reconstruction for upgrading of the production processes without the addition of pulpmaking capacity, plus the significant reduction of hidden environmental risks, so the abovementioned equipments and facilities are sufficient for meeting the demand. Meanwhile, a 2,500m3 water pool shall be built in the Wastewater Treatment Station for collecting the accident wastewater generated under abnormal situation.

3. Requirements for prevention of environmental pollution caused by the dismantled devices during the implementation process of the Project for Technology Reform

The reconstruction activities shall be conducted on the existing Plant area

45

without changing the original functions of land use. In order to implement the “Notice on Substantially Doing Well the Job of Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution During the Process of Company Relocation” (SEPA, Huanban [2004] 47) and eliminate the unpredictable factors and the unnecessary negative social impacts, according to the EIA Report: While dismantling the outdated cooking balls, liquid chlorine steel tanks, bleaching water pool, grooves and tanks and pipelines, the hidden facilities such as the ground pipelines must be dismantled simultaneously, the raw and auxiliary materials, products and discarded materials related to the dismantled facilities must be properly handled; the liquid chlorine steel tank must be recycled by qualified units, the eliminated equipments such as the cooking balls must not be sold to other pulpmaking enterprises. The incurrence of environmental pollution accidents caused by the dismantle of facilities must be absolutely avoided.

2.3 Analysis of the Project construction engineering and analysis on

the processes compared with those of substitute equipmentsThe comparison on the change of processes prior and post to the implementation of the Project for Technology Reform

After the technology reform, bamboo pieces shall be used as the raw material for pulpmaking, which includes the processes of wet raw material preparation, DDS cooking (low energy consumption intermittent substitution), vacuum pulp washer for pulp washing, medium-concentration sealed and pressured screening, delignification and medium-concentration chlorine dioxide bleaching.

The method of sodium chlorate reduction (R8 method) is adopted in chlorine

dioxide preparation. The production of cultural paper is finished on a 1,760mm multi-cylinder long-

mesh paper machine working at a speed of 200m/min; the production of domestic paper is finished on 11 sets of 2200mm hygiene paper machine working at a speed of 180m/min. No change to the papermaking room before and after the technology reform.

The process of alkali recovery includes the vaporizing concentration in a 5-effect

evaporator and the caustic recovery in a medium-pressure low-stink alkali furnace.

The process flow being assessed includes the pulpmaking process and chlorine dioxide preparation process. The comparison on the change of overall process flow before and after technology reform is illustrated in Figure -5.

46

Figure 5: Jinfu Company’s Process Flow after Technology Reform

47

Wet Raw Material Preparation

Purchased bamboo pieces

50t/h Circulating Liquidized-Bed Boiler

Medium-Concentration Knot Boring

4-Series Vacuum Pulp Washing Unit

Delignification System(including oxidation unit)

Medium-Concentration Sealed & Pressured

Screener

2-Series Vacuum Pulp Washing Unit

ECF Bleaching (ClO2

bleaching)(D0-EOP-D1 3-stage

bleaching)）

Stockpiling

DDS Cooking System(intermittent replacement cooking tank, discharging tank, stink gas collection system

Black liquor

Vaporating Condensation System

(5-cylinder 5-effect vaporator)

Middle-stage wastewater W3

Wastewater Treatment Station(ABR + Contact oxidation + Chemical oxidation, shallow

vaporizing Level III processing)

Concentrated Black Liquor Tank

Combustion System (225tds/d, 3.82MPa)

(Waste mixing tank & waste heat power generation unit)

Causticization System

SS

Quicklime powder

White liquor

Stained condensation waterW3

White sludge

Steam

LandfillingClear waterCollected gas from washing,

screening and bleaching (G4)

Waste Gas Washing Tower

Partially reuse

Desalination StationRaw waterPurchased

coal

Quicklime powder

Desulphurization use

Steam

Steam header

Steam header

Alkali furnace flue gas G1

Boiler flue gas G1

4-field dust collection & release

Washing tail gas 4-field dust collection & discharge

To Wastewater Treatment Station

ClO2

Generator

ClO2

solution

Sodium chlorate

Methanol

Absorption Tower

ClO2 gas

Condensation water

Tail Gas Washing Tower

Tail gas

Chemicals Workshop

Alkali Recovery Workshop

Wastewater Treatment Station

Boiler Room

Desalination water

Pulpmaking Workshop

Exhausting tail gas G5

Black liquor W1Preparation dust G2

Cooking stink gas G3

48

Bleaching Pulp Storage Tower

Papermaking Workshop

Finished Paper Storehouse

Paper machine white water

Up-to-standard discharge to Daduhe River

Concentrated sulfuric acid

1.5 SS

Filtrating, Melting

NaO

SS liquid

To alkali furnace

Paper Machine White Water Recycle System

(Flocculation sedimentation + shallow vaporizing)

Fiber recycle Back to papermaking workshop

White water W2

To pulpmaking workshop

Papermaking Workshop

Note: The shadowed contents are proposed technology reform in the Project

Hot water

Figure 6: Jinfu Company’s Process Flow before Technology Reform

49

Dry Raw Material Preparation

Purchased bamboo pieces

50t/h Circulating Liquidized-Bed Boiler

Knot Boring System

4-Series Vacuum Pulp Washing Unit

Sealed Screening

CEHP 4-Stage Bleaching System

(chlorine-free bleaching)

Bleaching Pulp Storage Tower

Papermaking Workshop

Stockpiling

Cooking System(10X25m3 cooking balls,

discharging tank)

Finished Paper Storehouse

Black liquor

Vaporizing Concentration System

(5-cylinder 5-effect evaporator)

Middle-stage wastewater

Wastewater Treatment Station

(ABR + Contact oxidation + Chemical oxidation, shallow

vaporizing Level III processing)

Concentrated Black Liquor Tank

Combustion System(225tds/d, 3.82MPa) (Waste mixing tank

& waste heat power generation unit)

Causticization System

SS

Quicklime powder

White liquor

Paper machine white water

Stained condensation water

Back to cooking process

White sludge

Steam

LandfillingClear water

Up-to-standard discharge to Daduhe River

Partially reuse

Desalination Station

Raw waterPurchased coal

Quicklime powder

Desulphurization use

Steam

S team header

Steam header

Alkali Furnace flue gas

Boiler flue gas

4-field dust collection & release

4-field dust collection & release

To Wastewater Treatment Station

Alkali Recovery Workshop

Paper Machine White Water Recycle System

(Flocculation sedimentation + shallow vaporating)

Fiber recycle Back to papermaking workshop

White water

To pulpmaking workshopPapermaking Workshop

Wastewater Treatment Station

Boiler Room

Desalination water

Pulpmaking Workshop

Cl2

NaOH

NaClO

H2O2

Brief introduction of the pulp-making process after technology reform and the comparative analysis

According to the plan of the Project construction, an overall reconstruction shall be conducted for upgrading the pulp production facilities. The existing main equipments of pulpmaking shall be replaced or new equipments shall be added; the auxiliary equipments such as the cylinders and pumps shall be remained if they can meet the post-reform production demand, otherwise they will be replaced or new equipments shall be added.

After the reconstruction, the knot boring, screening, delignification and bleaching systems shall undergo medium-concentration operation, the volume of water consumption shall be reduced significantly.

1. Raw material preparation (changed into wet raw material preparation)Pre-Technology Reform: Dry raw material preparation. The purchased materials

shall be stockpiled for 15~30 days before being moved to the cooking process, the small amount of material residue shall be used as the Boiler fuel.

Post-Technology Reform: The purchased bamboo pieces, after roughing (by used screening equipment) process, the qualified material shall be sent to the bamboo washing system, and the washed pieces shall be dehydrated by a double-helix dehydrator (water content 45%), then be sent to the storehouse to wait for cooking. The disqualified bamboo pieces shall be re-shredded by a drum chipper and send to the screening system again.

The bamboo washing water, after being filtered out of the drum washer and double-helix dehydrator and screened by a slanted screen and then a cant board sedimentation tank for flocculation and purification, shall be for reused for supplementing the middle water from the Wastewater Treatment Station. The sludge residue from the cant board sedimentation tank shall be condensed and mixed with the small amount of raw material residue for being used as the Boiler fuel.

The process flow of the raw material preparation after technology reform and the wastewater generation is illustrated in the Figure as follows.

50

Figure 7: Process Flow of Raw Material Preparation and Pollutants Generation Links

2. Cooking (changed into intermittent replacement cooking technology) Pre-Technology Reform: Cooking ball cooking. The bamboo pieces shall be

fed into 10 25m3 cooking balls by the belt conveyor, then the cooking liquor (mixture of alkali recovery white liquor, added caustic soda and sulphur alkali and some black liquor) shall be added. After 4h steam cooking, the pulp liquid shall be discharged to the discharging tank to get the crude pulp, which is ready to go through the process of washing, screening and bleaching.

Post-Technology Reform: The upgrading of the cooking system is the core part of technology reform: to build a low energy consumption system of intermittent replacement cooking as well as a supporting system of cooking stink gas collection and treatment. The cooking system is composed by 4 135m3 cooking tanks, 3 pressure vessels (warm black liquor tank, hot black liquor tank and hot white liquor tank) and three normal pressure tanks (cold black liquid tank, recovery tank and discharging tank); one photo-oxidation waste gas purifier shall be installed for cooking the high-concentration stink gas, while the low-concentration stink gas shall be sent to the pulpmaking room to be processed at the waste gas washing tower, an equipment of the washing, screening and bleaching process. The consumption of cooking steam after technology reform shall be reduced from 2.1t/t pulp to 0.75t/t pulp, and the cooking time shall be reduced from 240min to 180min.

The cooking process of low energy consumption intermittent replacement after technology reform includes: loading cooking (LC), initial cooking (IC), middle-cooking (MC), final cooking (heating/insulation) (FC), replacement cooking (RC) and discharge cooking (DC) for removing the lignin and resin substance, then qualified crude pulp shall be ready for the washing and screening process.

The cooking soup is white liquor (including cold white liquor and hot white

51

Bamboo washing wastewater

BambooresidueS1

Wastwater Treatment Station middle water reuse

To wastewater treatment station

Purchased bamboo pieces

Stockpiling Screener

Drum Bamboo Washer

Double-Helix Dehydrator

Bamboo Pieces Storehouse

Belt transportQualified bamboo pieces to be used for cooking process

Screening dust G2 Washing Dust Collection

Tail gas

Raw Material Preparation Wastewater Treatment System

Purified water after sedimentation

Partial wastewater W3

Sludge S1

Screening residue

Washing residue

Dust washing water discharge

heat), the replacement liquor used in the extraction process includes recycled black liquor, cold black liquor, warm black liquor and hot black liquor. The six types of soup (replacement liquor) are stored in six tanks respectively for being used in different cooking stages. See in the Table as follows.

Table 31: Types of Soup and Replacement Liquor Used for Different Stages of Cooking

TitleStorage

TankSource Use Remarks

Cold white liquor

Cold white liquor tank

Alkali Recovery Room, alkali mixing process

To supplement the content of alkali in the loading liquor and replacement liquor during the loading process and cooking process

＜100℃

Hot white heat

Hot white heat tank

Replacement of cold white liquor and heating

To supplement the content in replacement liquor during middle-stage cooking process

150~165℃

Black liquor

Recovery tank

Black liquor extracted in washing and screening process

① Used as the replacement liquor during replacement and recovery process;

② Used as diluent liquor during discharging process

70~90℃, sent to Alkali Recovery Room after being used and heated

Cold black liquor

Colk black liquor tank

① Low temperature loading liquor to be replaced in initial cooking stage;

② Cooling down warm black liquor.

① Used as loading liquor during loading process;

② The rest cold black liquor to be filtered by a fiber filter and sent to the Alkali Recovery Room, the filtered fiber to be sent to the Discharging tank

~110℃

52

Table 32: Types of Soup and Replacement Liquor Used in Different Stages of Cooking (Cont’d)

TitleStorage

TankSource Use Remarks

Warm black liquor

Warm black liquor tank

③ Warmer loading liquor to be replaced during initial cooking process;

④ Colder loading liquor to be replaced during middle cooking process;

⑤ Colder cooking liquor to be replaced during replacement and recovery process.

Used as the replacement liquor during initial cooking process

110~133℃

Hot black liquor

Hot black liquor tank

① Hotter loading liquor to be replaced during middle cooking process;

② Hotter cooking liquor to be replaced during replacement and recovery process.

Used as the replacement liquor during middle cooking process

150~165℃

Loading cooking (LC) The bamboo pieces are transported from the material storehouse and fed by a

belt conveyor to the cooking tank, during which the cold black liquor (loading liquor) is filled to the cooking tank from the cold black liquor tank through a loading pump overhead, the loading and soaking process continues until the loading is finished. Before being filled into the cooking tank, the loading liquor shall be added with cold white liquor to get the proper content of alkali liquor. The loading process is usually is finished within 35min.

Initial cooking (IC) After the loading and soaking, the initial cooking stage begins. The warm

black liquor shall be pumped from the warm black liquor tank to the bottom of the cooking tank to push the previously filled loading liquor out of the cooking tank, i.e., to replace the loading liquor with initial cooking liquor from bottom to top, and the temperature after initial cooking shall be 133℃. The loading liquor that has been replaced shall be stored in cold black liquor tank and warm black liquor tank respectively according to different temperatures. Before being filled into the cooking tank, the initial cooking liquor shall be added with cold white liquor to get the proper

53

content of alkali liquor. The initial cooking process is usually is finished within 30min.

A part of the cold black liquor that has been replaced and stored in the cold black liquor tank shall be used as the loading liquor during loading and soaking stage, the rest cold black liquor shall be pumped into the black liquor fiber filter for filtrating, the filtrated black liquor shall be sent to the Alkali Recovery Room for vaporizing, and the filtrated fiber shall be reused in the discharging tank.

Middle cooking (MC) After initial cooking process, the middle cooking stage begins. The hot black

liquor shall be pumped from the hot black liquor tank to the bottom of the cooking tank to push the previously filled loading liquor out of the cooking tank, i.e., to replace the initial cooking liquor with middle cooking liquor from bottom to top, and the temperature after middle cooking shall be 165℃. The initial cooking liquor that has been replaced shall be stored in warm black liquor tank and hot black liquor tank respectively according to different temperatures. Before being filled into the cooking tank, the middle cooking liquor shall be added with hot white liquor to get the proper content of alkali liquor. The initial cooking process is usually is finished within 25min.

Final (heating/insulation) cooking (FC) After middle cooking process, the final (heating/insulation) cooking stage

begins. The cooking liquor shall be pumped out from the middle of the cooking tank by the soup circulating pump, then will be heated by a steam heater and filled on top and through bottom of the cooking tank, so as to ensure the proper temperature for cooking until the cooking process finishes. The final cooking process is usually is finished within 60min.

A part of the warm black liquor in the warm black liquor tank shall be cooled down by a cooler and then send to the cold black liquor tank for storage.

Replacement cooking (RC) After the cooking process, the black liquor shall be pumped from the recovery

tank by a recovery pump to the bottom of the cooking tank to push the previously filled loading liquor out of the cooking tank, i.e., to replace the cooking liquor with recovered liquor from bottom to top, and the temperature after middle cooking shall be reduced to below 100℃. The cooking liquor that has been replaced shall be stored in hot black liquor tank and warm black liquor tank respectively according to different temperatures. The replacement process is usually is finished within 15min

Discharge cooking (DC) After the temperature inside the cooking tank has been reduced to below

100℃, the discharging tank shall be switched on to pump the pulp into the discharging tank for storage, lasting for 15min. During the pumping process, the black liquor shall be pumped from the recovery tank by a dilution pump to the cooking tank, from the top, bottom and middle simultaneously, the diluted pulp shall be pumped by a crude pulp pump to the process of washing, screening and bleaching.

Stink gas treatment

54

The hot air released from loading cooking and discharging processes shall be collected by the exhausting system and then sent to the Spray Tower for being cooled and released.

Others The cooking process is finished within the same cooking tank, the soups and

liquors added during different stages are controlled by the automatic control system; the hot water from each heat exchanger shall be used as the washing liquor in washing and screening process.

The process flow of intermittent replacement cooking after technology reform is illustrated in Figure 8.

Figure 8: Process Flow of Pulpmaking After Technology Reform

55

Loading Cooking (LC)

(＜100 , ~35min)℃

Initial Cooking (IC)(~133 , ~30min)℃

Middle Cooking (MC)(~165 , ~25min)℃

Final Cooking (FC)(~170 , ~60min)℃

Replacement Cooking (RC)(reduced to 100 , ~15min)℃

Discharging Tank Cooking (DC)(＜100 , ~15min)℃

Cold White Liquor Tank (＜100℃)

Hot White Liquor Tank (150~165℃)

Recovery Tank(＜100℃)

Warm Black Liquor Tank (~133℃)

Cold Black Liquor Tank (~110℃)

Hot Black Liquor Tank (150~165℃)

Cooking tankWashed bamboo pieces

Steam

~110℃~133℃

~133℃~165℃

~165℃~133℃

Diluent liquid

Replacement liquor

Replacement liquor

Replacement liquor

Loading liquor

Black Liquor Filter Black liquor to alkali recovery

Fiber back to discharging tankFiltrat

Filtrate

Partial warn black liquor used for cooling

White liquor from alkali recovery process

Heat Exchange / HeatingSteam

Black liquor from extraction process

Spray Cooling TowerCooking stink gas G330-m chimney discharge

W1

56

Cooking crude pulpTo washing, screening & bleaching process

3. Washing, screening and bleaching (changed into medium-concentration washing and screening, with the added process of delignification and the changed process of ClO2 bleaching)

Pre-Technology Reform: Vacuum pulp washer washing, pressured screening, medium-concentration grit catcher purifying and low-chlorine 4-stage bleaching.

The bamboo pulp from the discharging tank during cooking process shall first go through the knot borer to remove the bamboo knots, then be sent to the 4-stage vacuum pulp washing unit for backwashing to extract black liquor, the washed pulp (paper pulp concentration about 10%) shall be stored in the vertical Pulp Storage Tower temporarily. The black liquor shall be sent to Alkali Recovery Room for vaporizing concentration. The diluted white water from paper machine after heat exchange shall be used for washing. The rate of black liquor extraction is above 95%.

The washed and diluted pulp shall be sent to a sealed 2-stage screener for screening, the accepted pulp shall be purified by a grit catcher and then be dehydrated by a high-concentration pulp washer to reach the standard concentration (5%) for bleaching. The final stage concentration uses clear water, part of the dehydrated water shall be used for screening, part shall be discharged to the Wastewater Treatment Station.

The concentrated pulp from the concentrator shall go three four stages of bleaching to get the qualified pulp (whiteness 80~85% and concentration 10%) to be sent to papermaking workshop, the four stages are: Chlorination Tower → Vacuum Pulp Washer → Alkali Processing Tower → Vacuum Pulp Washer → H-Stage Bleaching Tower → Vacuum Pulp Washer → P-Stage (Hydrogen Peroxide）Bleaching Tower → Vacuum Pulp Washer.

Post-Technology Reform: The process of washing, screening and bleaching after technology reform includes four stages: Knot boring for fiber recovery, vacuum pulp washing for black liquor extraction, delignification and screening for purification, ECF bleaching. All main equipments in this process needs replacement or upgrading.

Knot boringThe crude pulp from cooking process shall be sent to the knot borer for knot

boring, and the discharged uncooked bamboo knots shall be sent to the vibrating screener for fiber recovery, the left bamboo knots shall be sent back to the cooking process. The crude pulp left in the knot borer shall go through the washing process for extracting black liquor.

Vacuum pulp washing for black liquor extractionThe pulp after knot boring shall be sent to the 4-series vacuum pulp washing unit

(reserved equipments) for pulp washing and black liquor extraction, the extracted black liquor shall be sent to the cooking recovery tank for being used and heated and then be sent to the Alkali Recovery Room for vaporizing concentration. The washed pulp shall be sent to the delignification system.

57

Delignification and screening for purificationAfter the extraction of black liquor during washing process, the pulp shall be sent

to the medium-concentration pump of the delignification system and be heated by the steam heater to 100℃, then be sent to the medium-concentration mixer for mixing with oxygen, then be sent to the oxygen reactor for delignification reaction (100~105℃, 0.5MPa). The NaOH and MgSO4 needed for reaction shall be added to the bottom of the vacuum washer in early stage, and the needed oxygen shall be added prior to the medium-concentration mixer. The time needed for delignification reaction is 60min, after which the pulp shall be sent to the oxygen discharging tank for dilution on the bottom, then be sent to the newly installed Level I two-section pressured screener for sealed screening and purification. The pulp after screen shall be sent to the newly equipped 2-series vacuum pulp washer for washing, the dehydrated diluted black liquor shall be sent back to the 4-series vacuum pulp washer, and the washed pulp shall be sent to the bleaching system.

The bleaching water from EOP bleaching process and the paper machine white water shall be used as washing water in the vacuum pulp washer after delignification.

Oxygen preparation system:The supporting oxygen preparation system to delignification adopts the

technique of micro-positive pressure absorption and vacuum desorption for oxygen preparation with the production capacity at 250Nm3/h, it shall be used for EOP bleaching besides delignification.

Chlorine-free bleaching (D0-EOP- D1)The washed pulp shall be heated to 60℃ by the steam heater during D0 stage and

then be sent to the medium-concentration mixer during D0 stage, and the ClO2 liquid shall be added prior to the mixer; the mixed pulp shall be sent to the D0-stage Bleaching Tower for 45min bleaching, then be sent to D0 stage vacuum pulp washer (reserved equipment) for washing, the washed pulp shall be sent to EOP bleaching process for further bleaching.

After D0-stage washing, the pulp shall be heated to 85℃ by EOP steam heater and then be sent to the medium-concentration mixer, H2O2 and NaOH shall be added prior to the medium-concentration pulp pump, O2 and medium-pressure steam shall be added prior to the medium-concentration mixer; the mixed pulp shall go through 25min reaction in EOP Upflow Tower and then 90min reaction in EOP Downflow Tower, after which the pulp shall be pumped into EOP Vacuum Pulp Washer (reserved equipment) for washing and then for D1-stage bleaching.

After EOP washing, the pulp shall be heated to 75℃ by D1-stage steam heater and then sent to the medium-concentration mixer, ClO2 liquid and medium-pressure steam shall be added prior to the medium-concentration mixer; the mixed pulp shall be sent to D1 Upflow Tower for 20min reaction and D1 Downflow Tower for 160min reaction. After reaction, the pulp shall be diluted at te bottom of the Tower and be pumped to D1 Vacuum Pulp Washer (reserved equipment) for washing, after which the pulp shall be sent to the post-bleaching Pulp Storage Tower for storage and then be sent to the papermaking workshop.

58

The paper machine white water shall be used as washing water in D1 Vacuum Pulp Washer (bleaching end), after which the filtrate shall be sent to D0 Vacuum Pulp Washer (stage-1 bleaching) for washing. The hot water after heat exchange from the cooking process shall be used as washing water in EOP Vacuum Pulp Washer. The filtrate from D0 and EOP stage shall be partially used for pulp dilution prior to D0 and EOP stage pulp washing, the rest (bleaching wastewater) shall be sent to Wastewater Treatment Station for treatment.

Waste gas collector shall be installed at each outlet of waste gas from the washing, screening and bleaching process, including black liquor filtration, crude pulp knot boring, vibrating screener screening, deoxidation discharge, vacuum pulp washer and concentrator, then be sent to the Washing Tower where it is washed and discharged, the washing water shall be sent to Wastewater Treatment Tower for treatment or be reused in Bleaching Tower.

After technology reform, the efficiency of black liquor extraction shall be increased from 95% to 97%, the burden of bleaching process white pollution shall be reduced greatly, the volume of wastewater generated during bleaching process shall be reduced as well.

The process flow of washing, screening and bleaching after technology reform and the pollutants generation links are shown in Figure 9 and 10.

59

Figure 9: The technological process of washing, screening

60

Crude pulp cooking

Crude pulp mixing tank

Crude pulp pump

Moderate concentrated remover Knot Shake frame flat screen

Bamboo knot S2

Pulp

Four-series vacuum washer unit (counter-current washing)

Section 1 pressure screen

Black liquor W1

Two-series vacuum washerPulp storage tank

Good pulp

Recovered pulpSection 2 pressure screen Grit removal device

Good pulp

Pulp sludge S3

Hot white water

D0 tower+ Vacuum Washer

ClO2

solution EOP tower + vacuum washe

D1 tower+ Vacuum Washer

Vertical pulp storage tower

H2O2+ alkali solution

Gray water W3

Bleached bamboo pulp

Pulp density 10%

Pulp density 10%

Oxygen delignification heater

Oxygen delignification moderate concentrated mixer

Oxygen delignification reactor

Oxygen delignification blowout pot

ClO2 solution

Paper machine white water + clean water

Hot water for heat exchange in cooking section

Outlet of washing water in D1 section

Steam Steam for bleaching (direct heating)

Diluted black liquor

Good pulp

Steam

MgSO4+ alkali solution

Oxygen

Oxygen

Outlet of washing

To alkali recovery after using and heating in cooking section

To waste water treatment station

Natural color pulp

Direct heating

PSA oxygen generator

Air

Outlet of washing water in EOP section

Absorption tower

Blower

Desorption tower

Gas flaringN2 gas, etc.

Desorption gas

N2 used in EOP bleaching section 2

Figure 10: The technological process of pulp-making before

61

Cooking in spherical digester(10 spherical digesters with a volume of 25m3, 4h, 165 ℃

Qualified bamboo (acquisition)）

Steam

Cooking liquid

Stockpiling in accumulator（15~30d）

Water and a small amount of fermentation gas

Alkali tankThick white liquid

Direct heating

Added liquid   alkali and sodium sulfide

Small bleed gas

Blowout pot

Crude pulp pool

Blowout gas

Cooking slurry: pulp density12%

Moderate concentrated remover

Knot

Shake frame flat screen

Pulp sludge

Pulp

Vacuum washer unit (four-series, counter-current washing)

Section 1 pressure screen

Black liquor

Network concentrated washer

Pulp storage tower

Good pulp

Recovered Section 2

pressure screenGrit removal

Good pulp

Good pulp

Pulp residue

Clear water

Concentration drainage

Filter drainage

Hot white water

chlorination tower+ washerchlorine Gasification

Alkali treatment tower + washerAlkaline solutionB leaching waste water

Counter-current washing water

H2O2 bleaching drainage

Screening Bamboo residue

SteamScreening waste water ( gray water ) ）

Pulp density5%

To waste water treatment statio

To alkali recovery workshop

4. The main indicators of pulping process before and after the technological transformation

The main indicators of pulp production before and after the implementation of the technological transformation project can be seen in the following table.

Table 33: The main pulping technology indicators before and after technological transformation 

No.After the implementation of technological transformation

Situation before the technological

transformation

Parameter name Unit Quantity Description

1Loss in

bamboo screening% 3.00%

Dry material preparation,

Loss in bamboo screening is 3%

2Water consumption for

bamboo washingt/t 25.00

25t washing water /

t dried bamboo

3Loss in

bamboo washing% 2.00%

4Alkali consumption for

cooking% 17.00% 以 Na2O 计 Based on Na2O 17.00%

5 Sulfidity % 20.00% 20.00%

6Alkali concentration in

cooking

g/l 100.00 以 Na2O 计 Based on Na2O 100.00

62

H segment bleaching tower + washe

P segment bleaching tower + washer

Vertical pulp storage tower

Hypochlorite solution

Hydrogen peroxide solution

Bleached bamboo pulp

Clean water

Direct heating

H2O2 bleaching waste water

Re-use in washing, screening

Pulp density 10%

No.After the implementation of technological transformation

Situation before the technological

transformation

Parameter name Unit Quantity Description

7Black

liquor extraction rate% ≥97 95

8 Unscreened yield % 50.00%Unscreened yield is

48 ~ 51%, calculated as 50%50%

9Desludging rate of

removing system% 2 Opposed to pulp inlet 2%

10

Total desludging

rate of screening

system

% 2 Opposed to pulp inlet 3%

11 Oxygen reaction time min. 60

Oxygen-free delignification system

12Oxygen reaction

temperature℃ 100～105

13Top pressure of

oxygen  reactorMPa ～0.5

14NaOH consumption in

O2 section% 3.5

Based on 100%

NaOH meter (using new

alkali)

15MgSO4  consumption

in O2 section% 0.5 Based on 100% MgSO4.

16Oxygen consumption

in O2 section% 3 Based on100％O2.

17Loss of oxygen

delignification% 3.0

18 Total amount of effect

ive chlorine in

bleaching

kg/t 47.34 CEHP four-section

chlorine bleaching process is used 

Liquid chlorine consumption in

63

No.After the implementation of technological transformation

Situation before the technological

transformation

Parameter name Unit Quantity Description

bleach: 65kg / t

Alkali-chlorine consumption in

bleaching: 35kg / t

65kg/t  H2O2 consumption in

bleaching: 65kg / t

19Total consumption of

ClO2  in bleachingkg/t 18.00

以 100 ％ ClO2 计 。 Based

on100％ClO2.

20 Total loss in bleaching % 6.00

21 D0 reaction time min. 45

22D0 reaction

temperature℃ 50～70

23pH value in

D0 section% 3～4

24NaOH consumption in

EOP section% 1.5

Based on 100%

NaOH meter (using new

alkali)

25H2O consumption in

EOP section% 0.8 Based on100％H2O2.

26O2 consumption in

EOP section% 0.50 Based on100％O2.

27 EOP reaction time min. （25+95）

The reaction time in  up-

flow section is  25min., the

reaction time in down-flow

section is 95min.

28Reaction temperature

in EOP section℃ 80～85

29pH value in

EOP section11～12

30 D1 reaction time min. （20+160） The reaction time in  up-

flow section is 20min, the

reaction time in down-flow

64

No.After the implementation of technological transformation

Situation before the technological

transformation

Parameter name Unit Quantity Description

section is 160min.

31D1 reaction

temperature℃ 70～75

32PH value in D1

section3～4

33

ClO2 consumption for

chilled water

preparation

t/t 100.00

34Concentration of

ClO2 solutiong/l 8-10

Brief introduction to the technological process in chemical workshop Before the technological transformation, the chemicals used in bleaching were

purchased from the outside, thus there was no chemical workshop.

In this technological transformation, a set of new 4t/d system for chlorine dioxide preparation has been added, so as to provide raw materials for the bleaching. The project has adopted SVP-LITE (R8 Method) process in production. Using sodium chlorate as raw material, methanol can be reduced into ClO2 under the condition of strong acid (sulfuric acid). The method has features of high yield, continuous production and easy to operate.

1. The production principle of chlorine dioxide preparation

The reaction equation of R8 Method is as follows:

Main reaction: 3NaClO3+2H2SO4+2/3CH3OH

= 3ClO2+ Na3H(SO4)2+1/2HCOOH+7/3H2O+1/2CO2

Side reaction: 3NaClO3+2H2SO4+3/2CH3OH

= 3/2ClO2+3/4Cl2+ Na3H(SO4)2+9/2H2O+3/2CO2

In a case of the existence of NaCl, other side reaction can occur:

3NaClO3+3NaCl+4H2SO4=3ClO2+3/2Cl2+ 2Na3H(SO4)2+3H2O

65

① The technological process in chlorine dioxide preparation The equipments used in production is supplied as a complete set, including

chlorine dioxide reactor, chlorine dioxide absorber, chlorine dioxide tail gas scrubber, reboiler of reactor, Glauber's salt filter, condenser, injector and technological ventilator. Among them, the chlorine dioxide reactor, which is the core device, is also known as reaction (chlorine dioxide gas) - crystallization (sodium sesquicarbonate crystal) device.

NaClO3 shall be dissolved by water in dissolving tank and turn into sodium chlorate solution with a concentration of 650g/l, after clarification, the solution shall be pumped into storage tank, and then it shall be sent into the reactor through a filter; After filtration, methanol shall be mixed with water for dilution, and then it shall be sent into the reactor; sulfuric acid shall also be sent into the reactor after filtration.

Through metering pump, 3 kinds of materials shall be continuously added into the reactor according to mixing ratio for NaClO3 reduction reaction, the reaction temperature shall be controlled at about 70 , and the pressure should be 0.01 ~℃ 0.02MPa. ClO2 gas generated by the reaction shall be continuously extracted from the top of the reaction, after condensation in the inter-cooler (remove water vapor,

increase the concentration of ClO2 gas)，it shall be absorbed by chilled water in the

absorber, so as to produce ClO2 solution with a concentration of 10g/l, and then the solution should be sent into the storage tank for the pulping workshop to use it as bleaching agent. A small amount of non-condensable gases shall be sent into the tail gas scrubber via vacuum system (steam injector) for treatment, and after that it shall be emitted.

The sodium sesquicarbonate generated in the reaction shall form muddy liquid at the bottom of the reactor, it should be withdrawn continuously from the bottom of the reactor and go into the dissolution tank via the filter, and after dissolved with warm water and neutralized into the Glauber's salt saturated liquid in lye, it should be pumped into the alkali recovery workshop. The filtrate that comes out of the filter shall be sent back into the reactor for recycling, so as to reduce the loss of chemicals.

Chlorine dioxide vacuum reactor is a steam injector with condenser, and in addition to maintain the vacuum conditions within the chlorine dioxide reactor, it is also used in the withdrawal and filtration of the solution with crystalline sodium sesquicarbonate.

All exhaust gases generated by chlorine dioxide liquid storage tank, chlorine dioxide  absorber, reactor’s  feeder and Glauber's salt filter shall be passed into the chlorine dioxide scrubber, and after the residual chlorine dioxide gas is absorbed by

66

the chilled water, it should be excreted; the used washing water can be used for absorption. Even if the plant is shutdown, the tail gas scrubber should also keep running, so as to purify the tail gas that emitted from the chloride, chlorine to the liquid from the chlorine dioxide storage tank.

The technological process and pollution segment of chlorine dioxide production system of this project can be seen in Figure.

Figure 11

67

ClO2 reactor（70℃、0.01~0.02MPa）

Vacuum filter

Sodium chlorate

Sodium   sesquicarbonate demulsifying   liquidd

Water vapor containing ClO2

AbsorberDissolution tankWat

er

Methanol

Sulfuric acid

Water

Steam

Circulating fluid Bottom withdrawal

Dissolution tank

Warm water

NaOH

Filtered matter

Saturated Glauber's salt solution

Filtrate

Condensate

Chilled water

ClO2 solution tank

ClO2 solution to bleaching workshop

ClO2gas

Incondensable gas

Steam jet pump

Medium-pressure steam

Cooler after pump

Clean water

Water for direct cooling

Cooling water W3

Chilled water

Tail gas

Water for gas washing

Back to absorber

To alkali recovery workshop

To waste water station

Exhaust

G5

Reboiler

Intercooler

Tail gas scrubber

② Major technical indicators concerning chlorine dioxide preparation

Table 34:  Major technical indicators concerning chlorine dioxide production No. Name Unit Parameters Remarks

1Reaction

conditions/ MPa℃ ≤72℃、0.01~0.02MPa /

2ClO2 yield

rate% ≥92%

95%Reaction

efficiency is 95%

3

Unit

consumption o

f sodium

chlorate

t 1.68 99.35%

4 Unit

consumption o

t 1.05 93%

68

No. Name Unit Parameters Remarks

f sulfuric acid

5

Unit

consumption o

f methanol

t 0.18 Industrial grade

6Power

consumptionkWh 280 /

7Steam

consumption

t 5.2 0.5MPa

t 2.4 1.2MPa

8

Yield of by-

product

Glauber's salt

t 1.4Based on the yield of

1t ClO2

Public auxiliary and environmental protection facilities of this project This technological transformation does not only relate to  the transformation of

the company's public auxiliary facilities, the company’s electricity, water and steam consumptions  are still relying on  the existing facilities or those under construction after the technological transformation, and only the auxiliary facilities  within the workshop need to be renewed as the  technological transformation, including the air compression plant and recycled water system in pulping workshop; while gray water is still relying on the existing wastewater treatment, and alkali recovery  and white mud are also relying on the existing disposal at the white mud dreg site, and only the pulping workshop has the newly-built collection and treatment system for the cooking gases and the waste gases generated in washing, screening and bleaching.

Material consumption and related balance before and after the Technological transformation  

1. Material consumption before and after project technological transformation  Before and after the implementation of this technological transformation, the company's main raw materials and power consumption can be seen in the table below.

Table 35: The comparison table of main raw materials and power consumption before and after technological transformation  

69

No. Indicator name

Unit consumption (t / t dried bamboo)

Annual

consumption (10

thousand t / a) RemarksBefore technologi

cal

transformation 

After technological tr

ansformation

(This project)

Before 

technol

ogical

transfo

After techn

ological tra

nsformation

1 Fresh bamboo4.2(含水 50%

50% water)4.0(含水 45%) 20.58 21.94 /

2Recovered

alkali0.47 0.45 2.54 2.34

Self-produced alkali

recovery 

(Including sodium

sulfide)

3Sodium

hydroxide0.06 0.054 0.31 0.28

New alkali 

purchased outside

4 Oxygen / 0.038 / 0.2 Newly-added oxyge

n delignification5 Magnesium

sulfate

/ 0.0055 / 0.03

6 Chlorine 0.065 / 0.338 / In1t cylinder 

7 Chlorine dioxid

e

/ 0.018 / 0.0936

8 Peroxide 0.065 0.015 0.338 0.078 27.5%

9 New water 78 60.4 405.6 314.1 Dadu River

10 Steam4.96

(equal to 31.6t/h)

2.05

(equal to 13.1t/h)

258

thousan

d t/a

10.66 Self-produced

11 Electricity 368kW.h 398kW∙h19.14

million

kW∙h

20.70

million

kW∙hNote: (1) "before technological transformation" refers to the status since the company resumed production in 2010; (2) except fresh bamboo, the other raw materials shall be calculated as 100%.

Table 36: The table of raw materials and power consumption of the new chlorine dioxide plant in this technological transformation

70

No. Name Unit consumption（t/t ClO2） Annual

consumpti

Remarks

1 Sodium chlorate 1.68 1570.8 99.35%

2 Sulfuric acid 1.05 981.8 93%

3 Methanol 0.18 168.3 Industrial grade

4 Softened water 4.8 4488

5Absorbing and

chilled water211 197200

Clean water + reused

middle water 

6 Electricity 280 kWh 261800

7 Steam5.2(0.5MPa)，2.4(1.2MPa)

（equal to 0.6t/h） 7106

Note: The actual production of chlorine dioxide and the use of 2.75t / d (at 100% ClO2 dollars).

2. Water balanceBefore execution of the technical renovation project, water balance of the post pulp production refers to Figure 12.Figue13 and Figue14 Water balance table of the whole plant after the renovation refers to Table 37.

Figure 12: Water balance of the whole plant after the project Unit: t/d

71

Pulpingworkshop

(to be renovated)

White water recycling system

2600Papermaking workshop

Fresh water

2903

Vaporized and to production

660

6194

6110 Mid-stage waste water

1782(water in black liquid)

Water in white liquid

612

489.5

Bamboo chips contained water

5430(resue white water)

764 Surplus white water

White water from papermaking machine

9240

313.5

Condensed water428.5

3747(water in pulp)

To boiler

2677

2065 Preparation waste water

18357945

275 (water in ClO2 liquid)

Vaporizing and to residue

214

261.5

612

Reuse slight contaminated cool water

176

1912(reuse relaimed water)

2065

Clean water after heat exchange

Figure13: Water balance of the whole plant before the project Unit: t/d

72

Workers living

ClO2 workshop(newly added)

soda recycling workshop

Desalted station（625）

Soda burner waste pot + coal boiler19

Drain water from boiler

Cooling water of steam pump

275

1477.5

14.5

Water contained in white sludge etc

13.5(desalted water)

690 Resin regeneration water

Water loss by combustion and vaporaizatopm

76

Living waste water80

Waste water treatment station

Workshop cleansing

48 48Weighbridge washing water

Discharge waste water

2250

65

Contaminated cool water1552 1376

490

560(condensed water)

611.5(desalted water)

103.5Boiler use and pipeline loss steam

428.5condensed water from papermaking workshop

290

Water in liquid ClO2 (10g/L)

166.5 Vaporizing water

157

10 Water in saturated Glauber’s salt liquid

10(water in reuse Glauber's salt)

19

65

157

80

48

To Daduhe River

Water in sludgeReuse water

1912For bamboo chips washing

10454

4

8200

290(resue water)

290Cooling water for ClO2 workshop

Reaction water: 0.5

Cooling water from steam ejector

Washing, screening and bleaching workshop

1147

Steam workshop

Fresh water

6885

415

489.6

7879.5

8797.5

1470.7

876.7 (pulp contained water)

306

Ejected water & steam 114.5

379.2

Raw material contained water 306

612

Reuse white water2295

994.5

Volatilized water 15.3

9162

6885

379.22372

73

White water recycle sys

Paper making workshop

Waste heat boiler of soda burner

Drain water from boiler

Drain water from boiler

Water in white sludge

Drain water from resin regeneration

Vaporized water 445.6

vaporized water 457.1

1377 (pulp contained water)

Mid-stage waste water

Water in black liquid

Concentrated contaminated

cool water

Water in white liquid

Surplus white water

Paper machine white water

Living waste water

Waste water station

Weighbridge washing water

①

②

⑤

11017

Discharged to Daduhe River

Table 37: Water balance of the whole plant after the projectInward （t/d） Outward （t/d）

Fresh water9240（=60.4t/t

paper）Discharged water from waste water

station: 8200（=53.6t/t paper） Discharge: 8200

Bamboo

chips

contained

water

275

Vaporized water from pulping

workshop and bamboo residue

contained water:

216.5

To atomosphere:

1235.5

Generated

water from

ClO2

reaction

0.5

Vaporized water from ClO2

workshop:166.5

Waporized water from

papermaking workshop and paper

contained water:

214

/ /

Combustion and vaporized water

of caustic soda recycling

workshop:

490

/ /Loss of boiler and caustic soda

burner waste pot vapor:103.5

/ /

Water contained in discharged

white sludge from caustic soda

recycling workshop:

76Loss by solid

waste: 80

/ /Water contained in sludge from

wast water station: 4

Total 9515.5 Total 9515.5

It can be seen from Table 37 and Figure 12,134 that the waste water discharged

to Daduhe River is 8,200 t/d after the execution of the project, approximate 25% deduction of the previous discharge before the project (11,017 t/d), and consumption of fresh water is decreased by approximate 23%.

3. Pulp water balance Refer to Figures 15-16 pulp water balance before and after execution of the

technical renovation project.

74

Figure 15 Pulp water balance after the project (as 1t bleached bamboo pulp)

75

Gap displacement stewing

4.2 (bamboo chips water content 50%)

Recycle soda 4.45

Oxygen delignification & close screening

Paper making workshop

Clean water through heat exchange of soda recycle: 9.5

13.15t black liquid

9.5t (steamed pulp C=12%)

11t (washing brownstock C=10%)

Drained washing water洗涤排水

steam

10.6t (unbleached pulp C=10%)

Contaminate cool water

Steam 0.6t

10t (accepted pulp C=10%)

Steam 3.2t (indirect heating)

31t

2.05t

Volatile water vapor13.15

13.15t black liquid (water content 11.65t)

13.15

Washing extraction13.15t

(water content 4t)

CEF bleaching(D0-EOP-D1) Washing water from EOP & D0 sections

40

Wet preparation

Soda reccycle(concentrated black liquid 3t)

25tWashing bamboo

4t fresh bamboo chips

Wash bamboo residue (45% water content)

0.2

(water content 45%)12.512.5

Reuse water after settlement treatment

24.5Drain washing water

Reuse water: 12.5

12To waste water station

10.159

To waste water station

1.15

To oxygen delignification section

(11~12m3,8~9Be’)

0.9

15.5

H2O2 etc: 0.06

O2 etc: 0.06 Volatile loss

0.66

11.65

11.65

Slight contaminated cool water: 1.15

Clean water through heat exchange of soda recycle: 3

Clean water through heat exchange of soda recycle: 1

Volatile water & vapor

0.06

Steam 0.7t

Steam 0.75t

25.5tDrying loss

1.4

Volatile loss0.1

Notes: 1-the workshop with means it is not included in the renovation project;2-unit of numbers without unit indication is t.

Figure 16 Pulp water balance before the project (as 1t bleached bamboo pulp)

76

Clean water 2 t

10g/L ClO2 liquid: 1.8

Clean water 17t

To waste water station

40.5t paper machine white water

White water recycle system

2.8t condensed water

35.5t

5t

Waste

bleaching water

Bleaching bamboo pulp (1t)

To waste water station

Resue paper machine white water: 35.5

Clean water

40

stewing

Washing & extraction

(incl raw material contained water, white liquid, black liquid, water in liquid caustic soda)Steam 2.5t

NaOH (percentage) 0.33t

Na2S (percentage)　0.14ta u x i l i a r y 1kg

Stress screening

Hot white water from heat exchange of vaporization system in soda recycle section

10t

5t

9m3 black liquid (9Be’)

Thin black liquid in Section I

8.3t seamed pulp C=12%

5t

steam

Water in raw material 4.0t

3.0t

20t

20t screened pulp C=5%

Soda recycle & black liquid vaporization

68t

8.2tEjecting water & vapor 0.47t

5t

Bamboo chips 2.1t (absolute dry)

Thin black liquid in Section II

Thin black liquid in Section III

4. Bamboo balance Analysis of bamboo balance of pulping workshop before and after the project refers to

Table 33.

Figure 17: Balance of raw bamboo material in pulping workshop after the project (as absolute dry) Unit: t/a

77preparation

5720

108680

114400

10t washing brownstock C=10%

Clean water

Clean water 18t

25t washing waste water

Bleaching waste water

Waste water from soda treatment

Waste water from secondary bleaching

H2O2 bleaching waste water

Clean water35t

45t white water to vaporization station as cooling water

6.5t remaining white water

7t contaminated cool water

32.5t bleaching waste water

51.5t paper machine white water White water recycle sys

1t pulp paper

30% liquid soda 0.035t

Volatile water vapor 0.1t

Thin black liquid in Section IV

Figure 18: Balance of raw bamboo material in pulping workshop before the project (as absolute dry) Unit: t/a

78

Bamboo chips (absolute dry)

to black liquidBamboo joint

residue

to bleaching waste water

to pulp residue

46800Bleached bamboo pulp 46800 (as air-dry pulp 52000)

1060

2985

Preparation residue (dry residue)

preparation

stewing

Close screening

105924

105924

52962 (brownstock)

Fine bamboo residue 3276

109200

52962

1588.9

Into screening waste water529.6

Bamboo chips (absolute dry)

5. Caustic soda balance (refer to Figure 19) Caustic soda consumption is the same after the project. Glauber's salt is produced by by-product from production of saturated ClO2 liquid that will not be purchased after the project. The deoxidization rate of Glauber's salt is still 90%. The deoxidization equation of Glauber's salt is: Na2SO4+2C=Na2S+2CO2.

Figure 19: Caustic soda balance after the project (as Na2O) unit: t/a

6. Sulfur balance (refer to Figure 20) Sulphur alkali consumption is the same as the previous after the project.

Glauber's salt is produced by by-product from production of saturated ClO2 liquid that will not be purchased after the project.

Figure 20: Sulfur balance after the project (as S) unit: t/a

79

stewing

Glauber’s salt 2250

Smoke (soda dust +CO2)

causticize

Into brownstock

24440

Into contaminated condensed water

vaporizewashing combustion

1222

23706.8

733.2

Stewing liquid Thin black liquid Concentrated black liquid

Recycled soda 23218

1400

NaCO3

Consumed carbon involved in deoxidized reaction 380

23469.8 23738Into white sludge

Supplement caustic soda for

stewing

23218

237Decompose loss, into white sludge

961.8520

stewing

Glauber’salt 507

causticizing

Into brownstock

vaporizing

washing

combustion

2837

2695

Ejected loss

142 135

2837

215Into contaminated

cool water

2560 2345

smoke（SO2）1.6

2850.4 13.4Into white sludge

Remove joint & washing Into black liquid 52962Bamboo joint residue

Into bleaching waste waterbleaching

Pulp residue

50843.5 (screened pulp)

4043.5

Bleaching bamboo pulp 46800 (as air-dry pulp 52000)

7. Steam balance Steam balance before and after the project refers to Figure 21-22

Figure 21: Steam balance after the project unit: t/h

Figure 22: Steam balance of current plant unit: t/h

80

Recycled sulfur contained caustic soda 2387

boiler

Soda burner

20.4

30.6

34.1Paper making workshop

3.5

31Steam for soda recycle workshop

27.5

4.3 Boiler consumed & pipeline loss

0.6 ClO2 workshop

Gas turbine

3513.1 Pulping workshopDirect heating

Stewing for pulping

Boiler (total 49t/h)

Soda burner

15.8

Washing, screening and bleaching for pulping

15.8

20.4

Direct heating44

52

Paper making workshop

8

25

15

causticizing2

17

5.0 Boiler consumed

indirect heating

indirect heating

indirect heating

The steam consumption will be greatly decreased at pulping production after the project, from 31.6t/h to 13.1t/h. Steam consumption for newly added ClO2 production is only 0.6t/h. So the total steam consumption is decreased from 79.5t/h before the project to 61.6t/h after the project. In addition to the steam produced by waste heat boiler of the caustic soda burner, the steam capacity of the coal boiler will be 35t/h. This means the currently constructed coal boiler will be operated at 70% of its full designed capacity (50t/h) that is under allowed operating scope and may extend operating lifetime of the boiler.

2.4 Consistency to industrial and environmental policy and planning

Consistency to national industrial and environmental policy After the technical renovation project, the pulp production of the whole plant will

be kept the same as 52,000t/a. The main renovation is to replace CEHP 4-stage less chorine bleaching process with ECF ClO2 bleaching process; to replace steam ball with vertical boiler; and to add new stage of oxidized delignification. The project belongs to the 3rd article of light industry: elemental chlorine free (ECF) and total chlorine free (TCF) pulp bleaching process development and application in the encouragement categories of “the Catalogue Guidance of Industrial Structure Regulation (2011)” published by the National Development and Reform Commission, and conforms with requirements of “the Industrial Development Policy for Paper Mill (bulletin No. 71 2007, the National Development and Reform Commission).

After the project the waste water discharged will stablly and for long-term meet the threshold of the Table 2 of the standard GB3544-2008 that was come into force since July 1st 2011. At the same time, generation and drainage of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as AOX and dioxin etc contained in the waste water and mephitic pollutants are effectively deducted. As a result it promotes the enterprise completely as an up-to-date non-wood pulp paper mill in the domestic industry. The project shows both social and environmental benefits obviously. Therefore the project conforms to the state industrial and environmental policy.

Consistency with local planning

81

Vaporization & concentrationindirect heating

indirect heating

The project will be carried out within the boundary of the current plant. No land will be claimed. The project site is located in Fulu Township, Shawan District, Leshan City, which belongs to individual industrial land (refer to attachment the “state land use license”) and is outside of the urban and town planning built-up areas of Shawan District and Fulu township. The project belongs to energy saving and emission reduction technological renovation. After the renovation environmental impacts by the plant will be decreased. It therefore conforms to local planning.

2.5 Waste generation, emission and control measures after the

project

Waste water Pulping and paper making industry produces main three waste water, i.e. black

steam liquid, mid-stage waste water and white water from paper making. This project disposes the waste water separately in accordance with the principles of “separate flow of clean and waste”, “separate disposal of different wastes” and “ladder utilization”.

1. Waste water category of the renovation project and disposal measurement Black liquid: black steam liquid is the main pollution of paper industry that

accounts above 90% of the total waste water generated in the pulping and paper making industry. Hence to extract black liquid and implement caustic soda recycle is the most effective waste water control measurement in the pulping and paper making industry.

Caustic soda recycle is the most feasible approach to dispose black liquid that can remove not only over 90% of waste water capacity but recycle caustic soda and heat, which creates a certain economic benefit. After this renovation project implementation, the black liquid extract rate will increase from 95% to 97%. The discharge points of the black liquid are also different (after reuse in steam stage, it will be discharged to soda recycle section).

Mid-stage waste water: waste water from mid-stage of pulping is mainly from bleaching section. After the renovation project the up-to-date medium concentration ECF (elemental chlorine free) technology is used to replace chlorine bleaching process. So the waste water quantity drained from mid-stage is decreased. The waste water from mid-stage is also sent to waste water treatment station and is discharged after treatment and meet standard. Portion of the treated waste water is returned to the process for reuse.

Preparation waste water: This project adopts wet preparation method instead of

82

original dry preparation. Therefore new waste water generated in this section. Waste water from bamboo washing is sent to preparation waste water treatment system for settlement and cleansing. Approximate 50% of the treated water is directly sent back for bamboo washing. Another 50% is sent to waste water treatment station. The water quality for washing bamboo chips is not high so supplementary water for bamboo washing section can be supplied with treated reuse water from waste water treatment station.

Waste water from ClO2 workshop: process water from ClO2 production is completely sent to ClO2 liquid and by-product – saturated Glauber’s salt liquid. No discharge. Waste water from ClO2 workshop is cooling water from vacuum system (steam ejector pump) that contains very low pollutants and is sent to waste water treatment station for disposal. In addition, cooling water can be supplied with reuse water from waste water treatment station.

Waste gas washing water from pulping section: This project adds a new waste gas treatment facility in pulping section. Washing water is reuse water from waste water treatment station. The washing water will be sent back to the waste water treatment station and resue again.

Waste water generated from the project and treatment refers to Table 38-40. For those outside of renovation scope are basically kept unchanged.

Table 38: Waste water generated and treatment within the projectWorksho

pSource

Quantit

y (m3/d)

Main pollutants and

concentrationProducing Disposal and drainage

Pulping

Black steam liquid 2011CODCr ：

80000mg/l

Continuo

usly

Sent to caustic soda recycle. No

discharge.

Bleaching waste water 6110

CODCr：1000mg/l

SS：650mg/l

AOX：12mg/l

Continuo

usly Sent to waste water treatment

station. Portion of treated water

will be resued. Other discharged

to Daduhe River after meet the

criteria.

Preparation waste water

(drained partly after

settlement and cleansing)

1835CODCr：150mg/l

SS：500 mg/l

Continuo

usly

Outlet water from waste

gas washing tower16

Absorbed sulfur

gas

Interrupte

d

ClO2

Cooling water from steam

ejector pump system157

CODCr：100mg/l

Trace ClO2 and

methanol

Continuo

usly

Sent to waste water treatment

station for disposal

Total 10129 / /To waste water treatment

station: 8102m3/d

83

Table 39: Waste water generated and treatment from pulping workshop before the project

Worksho

pSource

Quantity

(m3/d)

Main pollutants and

concentrationProducing Disposal and drainage

Pulping

Black steam l

iquid1377 CODCr：80000mg/l

Continuousl

y

Sent to caustic soda recycle. No

discharge.

Mid-stage

waste water8797.5

CODCr ：1000~1500mg/l

SS：650mg/l

Continuousl

y

Sent to waste water treatment

station. Portion of treated water

is reused. Other discharged to

Daduhe River after meet the

criteria.

Total 10174.5 / /To waste water treatment

station: 8797.5m3/d

Table 40: Waste water generated from other workshops and treatment out of the

projectWorksho

pSource

Quantity

(m3/d)

Main pollutants and

concentrationProducing Disposal and drainage

Paper

making

White water

from paper

machine

6194CODCr：200mg/l

SS：300mg/l

Continuousl

y

Sent to white water recycling

system for disposal. Portion of

this water resued for washing,

screening and bleaching

sections. The remaining

approximate 764t/d sent to waste

water treatment station.

Caustic

soda

recycle

Vaporized

contaminated

cool water

1552 CODCr：800mg/lContinuousl

y

Slight contaminated cool water

from vapor concentration

directly reuse for washing,

screening and bleaching

sections. Heavy contaminated

cool water goes through

stripping treatment and

becomes slight contaminated

cool water that is resued and

discharged to waste water

treatment station. Quantity of

reuse slight contaminated cool

water: 176m3/d; quantity of

water sent to waste water

treatment station: 1376m3/d

84

Desalted

water

station

Drainage

from

membrane

filter and

resin

regeneration

65 Clear drain Interrupted

Sent to waste water treatment

stationBoiler Drainage

from boiler19 Clear drain Continuousl

y

Plant

Washing

water of

weighbridge

48 CODCr：350mg/l Interrupted

Living waste

water80 CODCr：350mg/l

Continuousl

y

Total 7958 / /To waste water treatment

station: 2352m3/dTotal of the whole plant

after the project18088 / /

To waste water treatment

station: 10455m3/d

Note: contaminated cool water from caustic soda recycle is increased due to black liquid increase after the

project.

The clean water must be sent to wastewater station for treatment with papermaking wastewater in Jinfu mill. The clean water includes Membrane filtration and resin regeneration wastewater in desalination process of coal boiler, Boiler blowdown and cooling water from various types of mechanical shaft. The mechanical shaft cooling water is the Indirect water, and it is very little. The cooling water is included the papermaking wastewater already, but not in list separately. The quantity of clean water do not exceed 1m3/Adt pulp.

2. Treatment process applied in wastewater station The reconstruction of advanced treatment in wastewater station of Jinfu Company is under way, which shall be completed soon. The treatment process applied in the Station is adjusted to 3 levels, i.e. “ABR + contact oxidation + advanced treatment by superficial layer air-floating technology”. See figure 23 for treatment process applied by the wastewater station and see table for water inlet and outlet.

Table 41: Treatment in wastewater station of Jinfu Company after project implementation

Status Water amount

m3/d

CODCr

mg/L

BOD5

mg/L

SS

mg/L

Ammonia

nitrogen

mg/L

Chroma

(dilution

factor )

AOX

mg/L

Control index for

water inlet 11017 ≤1500 ≤500 / / / 12

Control index for

water outlet

8200

（2250 is to

be reused）≤90 ≤20 ≤30 ≤8 ≤50 ≤12

85

Discharge threshold

as listed in Table 2

of GB3544-2008

60t/t product 90 20 50 8 50 12

Figure 23: Process applied in wastewater station

86

WastewaterPrimary sedimentation tank

ABR tank

Contact oxidation tank

Secondary oxidation tank Sludge dewatering machine

Sludge Concentration tank

Aeration

Dewatering machine

Cruderesidue

Crude residues Delivery

Filtrate

Mud cake delivery

Filtrate

RegulatingReservoir

Superficial air floating tank

Reused water Collecting tank

Sludge

Reused water

Collecting tank

Sludge reservoir

Sludge dewatering machine

PAM、PAC

After technical reconstruction, concentration of discharged pollutants and water discharge per ton of product in discharged wastewater of the whole factory is to meet requirements on concentration threshold for pump and papermaking enterprises as stated in table 2 of Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Paper Industry (GB3544 - 2008). Reused water being treated in wastewater station is about 2250t/d (account for 22% of water being treated) in total, about 1912 t/d (account for 85% of reused water) of it is used for washing bamboo chips, about 48 t/d (account for 2% of reused water) used for cleaning workshops, and the remaining 290t/d (account for 13% of reused water) used as direct cooling water of chlorine dioxide workshop and gas washing water.

It shall be noted that it has not achieved a high pollutants removal rate in existing biochemical treatment system of the wastewater station because of anaerobic unit deficiency. But it adds the input of chemical oxidizing agent in advanced treatment process, which can assure the safe discharge of wastewater. While there are stable hydrogen peroxide sources in Jinfu Company, it can ensure the chemical dose needed for advanced treatment. However, it requires enterprise improving existing anaerobic unit in wastewater station, increasing pollutants removal rate of the biochemical treatment system and reducing treatment load of advanced treatment unit in wastewater station in this assessment.

3. Analysis on change of production, treatment and discharge of pulping wastewater of the whole factory in the technical reconstruction

The reconstruction aims at improving pulping process, which reduces water consumption of process, thus reduces wastewater and pollutants generation from source, reduces pollutants treatment load in wastewater station, which assures discharged wastewater meet concentration threshold requirement as stated in table 2 of GB3544-2008 and part of water can also be reused in pulping process after treatment.

It adds a process using oxygen delignification in pulping after reconstruction, which reduces lignin amount entering the bleaching process effectively and pollutants loading entering middle process wastewater finally.

The pulping technology is changed to use medium concentration CEF bleaching technology after reconstruction, which reduces bleaching wastewater discharge, reduces fiber losses, and thus lowers pollutants concentration in wastewater, controls the generation of AOX and

87

Tail water Discharge into Dadu River

Online monitoring

Chemical oxidation tank (standby)

pollutants like dioxin and reduced the production of AOX from 2.5 kg/t to 0.8 kg/t of pulp.

4. Prevention measures on groundwater pollution The vadose zone where the project site locates has a high pollution prevention capability. The site belongs to basaltic geologic strata of Mountain Emei (P2β) with less ground water. The ground water is basalt pore and fracture water, with features of less quantity and slow mobility. The shallowest underground burial depth is 10 m. The ground water flows toward to the west and discharge into Dadu River.

The project is to be constructed within existing factory boundary and is to strengthen and rebuild existing seepage proofing facilities during the construction process. It is to apply seepage proofing measures on all pools, pulp towers, wastewater stations, water channels and pipelines that may leak, and is to consolidate the seepage proofing of swerve, bear and insert parts, joints of pipelines and pools. Meanwhile, it records concealed project. It can prevent ground water pollution effectively. It is feasible to prevent ground water pollution accident through applying above seepage prevention measures.

Waste gasSince the technical reconstruction of this project does not include the main waste

gas, i.e. boiler flue gas and alkali furnace burning gas, produced and discharged by pulp and papermaking enterprises, the waste gas produced and discharged in this project are cooking odor, washing, screening and bleaching waste gas, tail gas generated by chlorine dioxide preparation, and flue gas containing sulfur compound unorganized discharged during pulping process.

See following table for the generation and emission of organized waste gas in the project.

Table 42: Waste gas generation and discharge of various workshops within the range of technical reconstruction

WorkshopSource of waste

gas and name Main pollutants Main management measures Pollutant discharge

Pulping

workshop

Dust produced by

prepared

materials

screening

Small amount of

dust produced

when screening

bamboo chips

Discharge after dust removal by

washing.

Amount of waste

gas:500m3/h

TSP：120mg/m3

Safe discharge through

an exhaust funnel of 15m

high.

88

Cooking odor

Small amount of

organic and

inorganic

compound

containing

sulfur produced

during cooking

process

Install gas trap cover to collect waste

gas discharged from system, and send

to washing tower for washing and

clarifying, and then discharge through

15 m of exhaust pipe after cooling

down.

Waste gas collection efficiency ＞98%

Washing and clarifying efficiency

≥90%；

Amount of the waste

gas: 1500m3/h

Safe discharge through

an exhaust funnel of 30m

high.

Waste gas

produced by

washing,

screening and

bleaching

process

Small amount of

odor produced

in bleaching and

screening

process.

Install gas trap cover to collect waste

gas discharged from system, and send

to washing tower for washing and

clarifying, and then discharge through

15 m of exhaust pipe after cooling

down.

Waste gas collection efficiency ＞90%，Washing and clarifying efficiency

≥90%；

Amount of the waste

gas: 2000m3/h

Safe discharge through

an exhaust funnel of 30m

high.

Chlorine

dioxide

workshop

Tail gas

produced in

absorption tower

Amount of flue

gas: 500m3/h

The main

pollutants are

few ClO2 and

methanol.

The tail gas produced in absorbing

tower shall be discharged an exhaust

funnel of 30m high after being

absorbed by water in cooling tank of

steam ejection pump.

Amount of the flue gas:

2000m3/h

Safe discharge through

an exhaust funnel of 30m

high.

Note: wasted gases produced in pulping workshop are discharged freely before reconstruction.

89

Table43: Waste gas generation and discharge of other workshops outside the range of technical reconstruction

Name

of the

unit

Source of

waste gas

and name

Fuel Main management measures Pollutant discharge

Boiler

1 50t/h coal

boiler of

circulating

fluid bed

Coal

Heat value

3500kcal/kg,

Sulfur content

0.35%

Use limestone to remove

sulfur inside furnace, four

electric-field dust removal

technology to remove dust

and low NOx combustion

technology.

Dust removal efficiency

≥99.8%、Desulfuration efficiency

≥60%

Amount of the flue

gas: 77,600 m3/h

SO2：335.3 mg/m3

Dust: 82.8mg/m3

Discharge by a an

exhaust funnel of

80m high.

Amount of

pollutants being

discharged: SO2：259.1t/a

Dust: 94.8t/a

NOx：644t/aAlkali

furnace

225tds/d

flue gas of

combustion

furnace

Burning material:

55% black liquor

Apply four electric-field dust

removal technology

Dust removal efficiency

≥99.8%

Amount of the flue

gas: 54,000 m3/h

Fume dust: 96 mg/m3

SO2：106 mg/m3

Standard as stipulated in time period II in

Category II of Emission Standard of Air

Pollutants for Coal-Burning Oil-Burning

Gas-Fired Boiler

SO2：900 mg/m3; fume dust: 200mg/m3

Secondary standard as stipulated in

Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for

Industrial Kiln And Furnace

SO2：850mg/m3; fume dust: 200mg/m3

It shall be noted that the steam consumption of the whole factory is to be reduced by 17.9 t/h after project implementation. Meanwhile, it can reduce SO2 and other pollutions emission obviously.

Generation and discharge of unorganized waste gas and set for sanitary protection distance:

The newly built waste gas collection and treatment systems in pulping workshop are both used for treating odor produced during pulping process. While these gas are discharged freely before technical reconstruction. Therefore, waste gas discharge of the whole factory is to be reduced greatly after project implementation, which can reduce more than 90% of odor emission and alleviate impact on air environment within short range. However, there is no dimension for odor concentration in related environmental protection standard, and it is hard to forecast and analyze quantitatively. Therefore, it still uses the sanitation protection distance as approved by Sichuan Environmental Protection Office (Chuanhuanshenpi [2010] No. 479) in this assessment: i.e. remain “a sanitation protection distance of 100m centering around cooking workshop, black liquor concentration unit, chemical workshop”; in terms of

90

wastewater station, remain “a sanitation protection distance of 100m centering around aeration pool, sludge concentration and pressing workshops of the wastewater station”. There is no resident within the range and it is not necessary to relocate.

Solid wasteThe generation and emission of other solid wastes (white mud, lime residues, ash

residues, damaged paper and sludge in wastewater station) remains the same as before after project implementation except that bamboo residues produced during preparing materials increase slightly, screening and pulping residues decreases slightly. The disposal for them also remains the same. See the following table for details.

Table 44: Generation and treatment of solid wastes in the project

Name Generation

processUnit

Amount being

generated

Amount of

comprehensive

utilization

Amount of

disposal Treament method

Bamboo

residues

generated

when

preparing

materials

Materials

preparation

process

t/a

5720 5720 0

Burning

Cooking

residues

Cooking

processt/a

1600 1600 0Cooking for reuse

Screening and

pulping

residues

Washing,

screening and

bleaching

process

t/a

1060 1060 0

Mixed burning

Total / t/a 8380 8380 0 /

Remark Comprehensive utilization rate of waste residues concerned in this project is 100%.

Disposal for other solid wastes of the whole factory: ash residues are sent to cement plant for using as raw material, thus achieve comprehensive utilization; white mud and lime residues are sent to white mud slag field for land-filling; damaged paper produced in papermaking workshop is returned to original workshop for pulping.

Noise Equipment noise source and noise intensity does not change much before and

after reconstruction. Main noise sources include gas discharge when cooking, air compressor, vacuum pump and water pump. Noise intensity of main equipment of

91

project is listed in the following table. Table 45: Statistics of noise intensity of main equipment producing noises in the

project unit : dB(A) Workshop or process Noise source Noise level

Pulping workshop

Circulating pump, black liquor and pulp pump

85-90

Knot removing machine, pressure screen

86

Air compressor 90~100Chlorine dioxide

workshop Steam cooking pump, water pump 85~95

Comparison between three wastes discharge and summary of pollutants discharge before and after project implementation

See the following table 46-47 for the generation and discharge of three wastes in pumping workshop, chemical workshop and the whole factory before and after project implementation.

Table 46: Summary and comparison on three wastes discharge of pulping and chemical workshop before and after project implementation

Type Production intensity after

reconstruction

Production intensity

before

reconstruction

Treament method

Wa

ste

wa

ter

Middle process wastewater

Amount of waste

water:6110t/d

CODCr：1000mg/L

Amount of waste

water:8797.5t/d

CODCr：1100mg/L After reconstruction, 8102t/d

of wastewater achieves safe

discharge after treatment;

Before reconstruction,

8797.5t/d of wastewater

achieves safe discharge after

treatment.

Wastewater produced when

preparing materials

(discharge wastewater after

sedimentation, clarification

and reusing)

Amount of waste

water:1835t/d

CODCr：150mg/L

Do not produce

any more.

Cooling water of steam

cooking pump in ClO2

workshop

Amount of waste

water:157t/d

CODCr：100mg/L

Do not produce

any more.

Wa

ste

gas

Flying dust produced in

prepared material screening

Amount of waste

gas:500m3/h

TSP：1200mg/m3

Unorganized

emissionDischarge after removing

dust by water washing.

Cooking waste gas Amount of waste

gas:1500m3/h

Odor containing steam.

Discharged after cooling,

washing and purification in

water scrubber.

92

Washing, screening and

bleaching waste gas

Amount of waste

gas:2000m3/h

Odor containing steam

produced when bleaching,

screening.

Discharged after cooling,

washing and purification in

water scrubber.

Tail gas produced in

absorption tower in ClO2

workshop

Amount of waste gas:

500m3/h

Do not produce

any more.

Discharge after absorption

through vacuum system.

Sol

id

wa

ste

Bamboo residues when

preparing materials 5720t/a 3276t/a Mixed burning

Knot removing residues 1600t/a 1600t/a Returned for cooking Screening and pulping residues

1060t/a 1590t/a Mixed burning

Sludge in wastewater

station 2000t/a 2000t/a Delivery for landfill

Table47: Summary of three wastes discharge before and after project implementation

Type

Production intensity Discharge intensity

after reconstruction before

reconstruction

after reconstruction before reconstruction

Wastew

ater

Middle process

wastewater

Amount of waste

water:6110t/d

CODCr：1000mg/L

Amount of waste

water:8797.5t/d

CODCr:1100mg/L

All of the water is sent to

wastewater station for

treatment. Part of it is

reused (about 22%), and

the remaining is safely

discharged into Dadu

River.

Amount of discharged

waste water:8200m3/d

CODCr: 90mg/L、250.9/a

BOD5: 20mg/L、55.8t/a

NH3-N: 8mg/L、22.3t/a

All of the water is sent

to wastewater station

for treatment. Part of it

is reused, and the

remaining is safely

discharged into Dadu

River.

Amount of discharged

waste water:8250m3/d

CO

DCr:90mg/L、252.5t/a

BOD5:20mg/L、56.1t/a

NH3-N:8mg/L、22.5t/a

Wastewater produced

when preparing materials

(discharge wastewater

after sedimentation,

clarification and reusing)

Amount of waste

water:1835t/d

CODCr：150mg/L

/

Cooling water of steam

cooking pump in ClO2

workshop

Amount of waste

water:157t/d

CODCr：100mg/L

/

Cooling wastewater

water after alkali

recovery

Amount of waste

water:1376t/d

CODCr：800mg/L

Amount of waste

water:1071t/d

CODCr ：1000mg/L

Discharged white water

Amount of waste

water:764t/d

CODCr：150mg/L

Amount of waste

water:994.5t/d

CODCr：150mg/L

Sewage discharged

from boiler room and

desalination station

Amount of

discharged

water:84t/d

Amount of

discharged

water:29t/d

Sanitary sewage, floor

washing water.

Amount of waste

water:128t/d

CODCr：350mg/L

Amount of waste

water:125t/d

CODCr：350mg/L

93

Waste

gas

Coal-fired boiler

Amount of the

fume:

7.76 万 m3/h

SO2：335.3mg/m3

Fume: 41.4g/m3

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Discharge by an exhaust

funnel of 80m high after

removing dust by four-

field technology

separately.

Discharged pollutants:

SO2：259.1t/a

Fume: 94.8t/a

NOx：644t/a

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Fume from alkali

furnace

Amount of the

fume:

5.4 万 m3/h

Fume: 47.5g/m3

SO2：106mg/m3

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Flying dust produced

during prepared

material screening

Amount of waste

gas:500m3/h

TSP：1200mg/m3

5t/a(unorganized

emission)

Amount of waste

gas:500m3/h

TSP：120mg/m3、0.5t/a

5t/a(unorganized

emission)

Cooking odor

Amount of waste

gas:1500m3/h

Odor containing

steam

unorganized

emission

Amount of waste

gas:1500m3/h

safe discharge through

exhaust funnel of 30m

high

Unorganized

emission before

reconstruction

Washing, screening and

bleaching waste gas

Amount of waste

gas:2000m3/h

Odor containing

steam

unorganized

emission

Amount of waste

gas:2000m3/h

safe discharge through

exhaust funnel of 30m

high

Unorganized

emission before

reconstruction

Tail gas produced in

absorption tower in ClO2

workshop

Amount of waste

gas: 500m3/h

Small amount of

ClO2 and methanol

/

Amount of waste gas:

500m3/h

safe discharge through

exhaust funnel of 30m

high

/

Solid

waste

White mud and lime

residue54,600t/a

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Landfill in slag field.

The treatment method

remains the same

before and after

reconstruction. Both

can achieve

comprehensive

utilization and

appropriate disposal.

Ash residue produced

by boiler room47,200 万 t/a

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Sold to cement factory

for comprehensive

utilization.

Bamboo residues when

preparing materials 5720t/a 3276t/a Mixed burning

Lime residues 2600t/a remain the same Landfill in slag field.

Sludge in wastewater

station 2000t/a

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Delivery for landfill

94

Knot residues produced

when cooking 1600t/a

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Returned for cooking

Screening residues 1060t/a 1590t/a Mixed burning

Damaged paper 500t/a

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Reused in original

workshop.

Waste packing materials 200t/a

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Retrieved by supplier.

Household waste 50t/a

remain the same

before and after

reconstruction

Delivery for landfill

“Three accounts” analysis before and after project implementation Since it begins reform in 2010, it has achieved safe discharge of wastewater,

boiler flue gas, alkali furnace flue gas; and noise at boundary has met related standard, white mud and other solid wastes have also been disposed appropriately in Jinfu Company.

Main pollutants discharge of the whole factory is as listed in the following table after project completion. According to comparative analysis, pollutants discharged by enterprise have decreased after project (and other technical reconstruction before) implementation and it has achieved positive environmental benefit.

Table 48: “Three Accounts” Analysis on Pollutants Discharge of Jinfu Company

Time period Pollutants discharge

status of enterprise

Amount of pollutant

discharge of the

whole factory after

the implementation

of project on the

going

Amount of pollutant

discharge of the

whole factory after

reconstruction

Change on pollutant

discharge of the whole

factory after project

implementation

Amount of dis

charged waste

water

8250m3/d、2,805,000m3/a

Do not include

project on the going

8200m3/d、278.8 万 m3/a

-50m3/d

CODCr 252.5t/a 250.9t/a -1.6t/a

NH3-N 22.5t/a 22.3t/a -0.2t/a

AOX 105t/a 33.5t/a -71.5t/a

SO2 316.2t/a 259.1t/a /Do not include in the

projectFume 126.6t/a 94.8t/a /

NOx - 644t/a /

95

Flying dust 5t/a / 0.5t/a -4.5t/a

96

3 Overview of nature and society in the project area 

3.1 Overview of natural environment 

Geographical location  The whole Shawan District of Leshan City lies on the southwest edge of the

Sichuan Basin and in the lower reach of the Dadu River. Its geographic coordinates are between 103°25'13" to 103°44'10" E. longitude and 29°11'18"to 29°31'30" N. latitude. It is 6 km long from south to north and 1.5 km wide from east to west, covering an area of 610.89 square kilometers. It is bordered by the Shizhong District of Leshan City to the north, Muchuan County and Ebian County to the south, Wutongqiao District and Jianwei Country to the east, as well as Emeishan City to the west. It is 180 km away from Chengdu City, 8 km away from Leshan City, and 31 km away from Emeishan City. District People's Government is located in Shawan Town. 

This project is located in Fulu Town, which lies at the southeast of Shawan District and on the right bank of Dadu River. It is about 20km away from Shawan Town to the southeast.  

The geographical location and location relations of this project can be seen in Figure 1. 

3.1.2 Geology  According to the seismic zoning, Shawan District is located in western Yangtze

District(Scale I) and Ebian sub-zone (Scale H) of Kunming Zhaojue zone (Scale H). Within this region, the Sinian System to the Cenozoic Erathem, and the Quaternary System are distributed, besides the lack of the Middle-Upper Ordovician System, the Silurian System, the Devonian System, the Carboniferous System, the Palaeocene System in the strata, the other systems are distributed at different levels, with a thickness of 5925.35 meters in total. The strata includes four systems and several groups, and there is the Sinian System in the Upper Proterozoic group; there are the Cambrian system, Ordovician system, Permian system in the Paleozoic group; there are the Triassic system, the Jurassic system and the Cretaceous system in the Mesozoic group; there are the Neogene System and the Quaternary System in the Cenozoic group. The Upper Sinian  System to the Middle Triassic System are mainly marine deposition; the Upper Triassic System is transitional facies; the Jurassic system to the Upper Cretaceous system is fluvial-lacustrine; the Quaternary System is alluvial. Generally, geological structure is bordered by Jianong Fengdumiao ~ Fulu line, and to the southwest, there is Emeishan block with strong activity, and the dip angles of the rocks are large and between 20 to 30 degrees, with ancient strata and complex structure; to the northeast, there is the bend in Sichuan, and the dip angles of rocks are small and between 3 to 6 degrees, with newer strata and simple structure.

1

There are mainly three anticlines, three synclines, three faults and a " 山 "-shaped

structure, which can be divided into four  structural systems, namely neocathaysian

structure, north-south structure, “ 歹 ” -shaped structure and “ 山 ” -shaped

structure. Respectively, they are er’eshan anticline, Fandian anticline, Si’eshan anticline, Gongzui syncline, Jiuli syncline, Mojiang syncline, neocathaysian (Shiniu) syncline, north-south fault, north-east fault, and north-west fault. 

The seismic-resistance intensity at the location of the site is Scale Ⅶ degrees. 

Topography  Because of neotectonic movement, northeast hills, flat dam, and the southwestern

mountain land surrounding the Basin have formed. Northeast hills, flat dam belong to relative subsidence area, and the landscape features largely denudation and accumulation; Western mountain land surrounding the Basin belongs to the strongly rising area caused by neotectonic movement, and the landscape features largely erosion and denudation. 

The landform is controlled by lithology, and its main characteristics are Karst landform; the types of terrain consist of mountain land areas, hilly areas and flat dam areas, and the mountainous terrain is dominant, and terrain is higher in the northeast and lower in the southwest. It is bordered by the E (mei)Jia(River) Plain to the north, the mountain lands in southwestern Sichuan to the southwest, and the hills in central y Sichuan to the east. The whole terrain slopes, and the south-west middle hills and low middle hills have transformed gradually into middle low hills and low hills, and the north-east terrain is hills and flat dam. It main distribution: To the west of the Dadu River is the middle hill areas in the San’eshan and er’eshan regions, with the highest altitude of 2027 meters; to the east of the Dadu River and the south of Moxi River is

the low hill area in the rgion from Wuxiangeng to Tongjiezi, with an altitude of 600～882 meters; the mountainous area accounts for 72.7%of the total the total area; the hilly areas are located to the east of Fengdujie and the Moxi River, with an area of 71 square kilometers; flat dam areas are located along the Dadu River and the Moxi River, consisting 11-level terrace, I-level terrace and floodplain, with 13.6% of the total area.

Meteorology

Project site belongs to the central subtropical humid monsoon climate, the monsoon climate is obvious, there is no severe winter and no intense heat in summer, and it has clear-cut four seasons, abundant rainfall, long summer and short fall; there is little frost and snow throughout the year, the wind speed is low, and there are more cloudy days and less sunshine, the air pressure is low, and the humidity is high. It has

2

an average annual temperature of  17.3 , the extreme maximum temperature is 38.l℃, the extreme minimum temperature is -4.3 , the average temperature in January℃ ℃

is 7 , the average temperature in July is 26 , and the active accumulated℃ ℃ temperature≥ 10 is 5533 ; the annual minimum temperature is above 0℃ ℃ ℃ ; the frost-free period lasts 333 days, and the heats are rich; the annual mean pressure reaches 91410Pa, the annual maximum rainfall in this region is 1650mm (in the year of 1975), the minimum annual rainfall is 914.1mm, the average annual rainfall is 1120.7mm, 85% of annual precipitation concentrates in April~September, the maximum daily rainfall is 248.2mm, the average annual evaporation is 900mm, and the minimum evaporation is 450mm; the average relative humidity is 81%; the total annual Hours of Sunshine is 1174.9 hours.

The dominant wind direction in this region is north wind, the sub-dominant wind direction is northwest wind, the average annual wind speed is 1.2m / s, and the frequency of steady wind is 38%. 

Hydrology  Dadu River and Moxi River are the major rivers within the Shawan District. The

water functions of the Dadu River are mainly industrial water source, agricultural irrigation, flood  discharge, shipping, etc.. 

Dadu River, which was called Moshui (which was also known as the Tong River) in ancient times, takes its rise at the southern foot of the Bayan Har Mountains in Qinghai Province, Dajinchuan and Xiaojinchuan join up with each other in the east of Danba County, then it flows across Shimian, Hanyuan and E’bian autonomous counties and goes into this region at the Liziping Village of the Fandian Township of the Shawan District, after that it flows across 11 townships and towns and offices, including Fandian, Tongzi, Gongzui, Niushi, Fulu, Hulu, Zhenxi, Tanba, Shawan, Mojiang, Taiping, Jianong and so on, it flows out of this region at Liaoyuan Village of the Jianong Town and flows into the Xiajiang River in Leshan. The river in this region has a length of 118 kilometers, and its catchment area accounts for 369.35 km2. The average annual flow rate recorded by Fulu hydrological station of the Dadu River is 1490m3/s. The lower reach of the Dadu River starts from Shimian to Tongjiezi, and the reach from Tongjiezi to Leshan City and flowing into the Xiajiang River is the estuary of the river. The Dadu River in Shawan District belongs to lower reach and estuary of the river. The major tributaries accepted by the Dadu River in Shawan District are: Fandiangou, Liugou, Woxi, Xiancungou, Chaqigou, and Liubinggou. The other streams are small rivers in mountains. 

Moxi River, which is a minor tributary of the Mengjiang River, takes its rise from the northern slope of the Fengding Mountain, and it flows into the Mengjiang River at the Xirong Town of Wutongqiao District. It has a catchment area of 313 square kilometers and a length of 44 kilometers, and its average flow rate is 6.95m3/s (the flow rate drawn by Damo electric power station from the Dadu River). The length

3

in this region is 24km, and it has a catchment area of 56.8 km2 till the surface water goes out of this region. The cross-section flow rate is 1.52m3/s. The major tributary of the Moxi River in the territory is Modaogou. 

After the treatment through the sewage station self-built by the plant site, the

waste water generated by this project reaches the “Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Paper Industry” (GB3544-2008), after that the waste water is discharged into the Dadu River through outfalls.

The project is located between the Tongjiezi hydropower station and the Shawan hydropower station, and it is about 1.5km away from the Tongjiezi hydropower station dam upstream and about 10km away from the Shawan hydropower station downstream, and the minimum let-down flow rate of the Shawan hydropower station is 400m3/s. 

Ecological  Affected By the geographical environment of the project location, the natural

vegetation can be divided into three vegetation spectrum: the shrubs, bushes and warm bamboos with an altitude of 1,000 meters above sea level; wet bamboo, subtropical evergreen coniferous forest, subtropical shrub-leaved and broad-leaved forest, subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest with an altitude of 1300 meters below sea level; mixed deciduous broad-leaved and evergreen broad-leaved forest in warm wet zone with an altitude of 1300 meters above sea level. There are 3,000 kinds of plants and 400 kinds of animals. Main tree species include fir, cedar, masson pine, chestnut, camphor, Banmu tree, cypress, etc.; valuable trees include by Anluo tree, Chinese yew, Podocarpus, ginkgo, Osmanthus, Yong tree. The wildlife under second-class special state protection are otter, macaque, little civet, hellbender, goshawk, etc. Rare animals include Kallima inachus, earthworm and hummingbird. Main Chinese herbal medicines are berberine, Atractylodes, Gastrodia elata, Codonopsis, semen coicis, ophiopogon root, Baiyi, Alisma, mint, Nepeta, papaya, Fructus Aurantii, Gardenia, Magnolia Bark, Eucommia, fleece-flower root and so on. 

Within the region where the project is located, there is no distribution of species covered by the lists of wildlife under special state protection, and there is no distribution of plants and animals under special protection. 

Soil  The soil types in Shawan District consist of 6 soil categories, namely paddy soil,

fluvo-aquic soil, purplish soil, yellow soil, yellow brown soil and limestone soil. The proportions of various soil types against total arable land are: the area of paddy soil is 73,047 mu, accounting for 42.58%; the area of fluvo-aquic soil is 7838 mu, accounting for 4057%; the area of purplish soil is 20,281 mu, accounting for 11.82%; the area of yellow soil is 42,413 mu, accounting for 24.72%; the area of yellow brown

4

soil is 15,682 mu, accounting for 9.14%; the area of limestone soil is 12,302 mu, accounting for 7.17%.

Mineral resources  This region is rich in mineral resources, and there are more than 20 kinds of

proven minerals, namely iron ore, copper ore, bauxite, placer gold, and lead-zinc ore,  Hard refractory clay minerals, coal, phosphate, green pisolite, gypsum mine, solvent limestone, granite, basalt, rock salt, bittern, dolomite, arkose mine, sandstone, mudstone. 

Iron ore: it is mainly distributed in Niushi, Si’eshan, Tongzi Qinggangping, Shawan and other places, the Xinhua mining area is dominant, the thickness of main

seam is 1.05～0.41 meters, with an average thickness of 0.58 m, and the iron grade is

36.61~41.01%. 

Copper ore: it is distributed in Si’eshan, Niushi, Shawan, Qinggangping and other places, the Si’e mining area is dominant, the average thickness of seam is 77 m, and the average grade in the mining area is 0.82%; the ore types include copper clay shale ore and  sandstone  that contains copper. 

Bauxite: it is distributed in Si’eshan, Niushi, Shawan and other places, the Xinhua mining area is dominant, with the maximum thickness of 7.49 m and the

minimum thickness of 0.47 m, the general thickness is 1～1.5 m, and there are three

ore types, namely gibbsite bauxite, kaolinite gibbsite bauxite, gibbsite bauxite that contains chlorite. 

Placer gold: it is mainly distributed in the backswamps and terraces along the Dadu River and Moxi River within this region, there is no formed gold ore, with a reserve of about 625 kg, the bottom of the terraces along the Dadu River in Huluba

yield  more gold, the gold content per cubic meter is 10 ～20 mg, and the limestone

caves at the bottom of individual terraces are particularly rich in placer gold. 

Lead-zinc ore: it is distributed in located in the southwest mountains within the territory, and most mines shows "nest-like" sporadic distribution in Shuichiba of Fandian Town.

Hard refractory clay minerals: it is distributed in Shawan Town, Fandian Town

and other towns, the Shawan mining area is dominant, with an thickness of 0～3.74 m

5

and an average thickness of 0.80 meters. 

Mine: it is mainly distributed in Taiping, Lushui, Fulu, Tanba and other townships and towns on the east bank of the Dadu River, with a reserve of 19 million tons, and all of the reserves are fat gas coal. 

Phosphate: it is distributed in the vicinity of Fandian, and the seam length within this area is about 6000 meters. At places 400 meters away from the northeast end, the average thickness is 1 m, with an average grade of 19.08% of phosphorus pentoxide; at places 600 meters away from the southeast end, the average seam thickness of 094 m, with an average grade of 15.88%; In othe areas, the seam thickness is below 05 meters. 

Green pisolite: it is mainly distributed in the vicinity of Gongzui Town (Jinniu Village).  It is distributed over an area of  50,000 square kilometers, the seam thickness is 0.79~5.04 m, and its average seam thickness is 1.83 m. The ore grade contains 6.30%~8.70% of potassium hydroxide, with an average grade of 7.67%. The type is dense massive hydromica claystone. 

Gypsum mine: it is distributed in the vicinity of Lunxi and Gongzui, there are seven layers in this region, the main mine contains four layers, with an average thickness of 3.62~6.34 m and a grade of 69.18%~81%, and the total reserves in the mining area is 146,990 tons. 

Solvent limestone: except Bishan Township, there are distribution of limestone mine in all the other areas, the reserves is 1 billion tons, most of the mines are open-pit ones, the content of calcium oxide is usually above 50%, and it is an important raw material (ingredient) for production of building materials, chemicals and metallurgy. The dense black limestone in the mining area can be used as decorative sheet as "black marble". 

Granite: it is mainly distributed in Fandian Township, Gongzui Town along both sides of the Dadu River, and the reserves for mining account for 550,000 cubic meters, and the open-pit mining is adopted.  

Basalt: it is distributed in Shawan Town, the thickness is 200～400 meters, and it

can be used to produce cast stone and rock wool.

Rock salt and bittern: it is distributed in the Hongbi Mountain within the Bishan Township, the reserves are abundant and the mining history is long, its origin can be dated back to the Song Dynasty, and the monthly yield of salt reached 1.05 million kg on the eve of liberation. 

6

Dolomite: it is mainly distributed in Fandian, Gongzui, Luoyi and Liubinggou of Shawan, its reserves accounts for 18 million tons, there is a predominance of it in Daiwan and Liziping of Fandian Township, the content of calcium oxide is between

19 ～ 21% , and it is an important raw material (ingredient) in metallurgy and the

production of building materials and chemicals.  

Arkose mine: it is mainly distributed in Tanba, Lushui, Taiping and other townships and towns, Huyan of Tanba Township is the main mining area, the

thickness is 30 ～ 40 meters, the long-term reserves is 31.57 million tons, and the

content of silica is 85.88%～93%. It can be used to produce glass, ceramics and so

on. 

Sandstone and mudstone: sandstone is distributed mainly in Luocao of Shawan, and mudstone is distributed mainly in Jianong Sudian’er, with a reserve of 10 million tons. 

3.2 Overview of social environment 

Administrative divisions, population Shawan District covers an area of 61,706 square kilometers, and it has a

population of 201,913 people. By the end of 2008, the whole District has 8 towns, 5 townships and I office, namely Shawan Town, Jianong Town, Taiping Town, Tashui Town, Fulu Town, Niushi Town, Gongzui Town, Hulu Town, Bishan Township, Tanba Township, Zhuanxi Township, Tongzi Township, Fandian Township, and Mojiang Office. 

Fulu Town covers an area of 71.42 square kilometers, it has a population of 20,939 people, and under this town, there are 20 villages, namely, Nongke, Pingyuan, Huanlin, Lanba, Gongdian, Daping, Sushan, Tanggou, Leidian, Shawan’er, Luojiawan, Feilinwan, Ganbazi, Huangnipo, Wanfuqiao, Yanziba, Heiniudi, Liangfeng, Shuicuanzi and Guangfangsi, as well as 134 villagers groups. 

Overview of society and economy   1. Shawan District In 2009, regional GDP reached 8.49 billion Yuan, up 17.6% on the previous year

(same as below). The general local budget revenue reached 270 million Yuan, up 22.7%. The total social fixed asset investment reached 5.65 billion Yuan, up 56.5%. The total retail sales of consumer goods reached 1.69 billion Yuan, up 18.9%. The per-capita disposable income of urban residents averaged 13,682 Yuan, up 11.5% and

7

up 1416 Yuan over the previous year; the per-capita net income of farmers reached 5472 Yuan, up 12% and up 582 Yuan over the previous year. The registered urban unemployment rate was 4.1%; the natural population growth rate was 1.49 ‰, 1.51 per thousand points lower than the planned target. The total production energy consumption per 10,000 Yuan regional GDP fell by 5.6%, which was 0.1 percentage points lower than the planned target; the emission reduction of major pollutants fell by 3.1%, which was 1.1 percentage points lower than the planned target. 

2. Fulu Town   In 2009, Fulu Town realized total scaled industrial output 262 million Yuan; the

added value of scaled industrial enterprises reached 110 million Yuan; the profit of scaled industrial enterprises reached 9 million Yuan; the profits and taxes of scaled industrial enterprises reached 22 million Yuan; the total volume of retail sales of consumer goods reached 143 million Yuan; the fixed assets investment of the whole society reached 170 million Yuan. 

In 2009, the total output value of agriculture reached 47.5 million Yuan, up 4% over the previous year, the total grain output reached 7015 tons, and the per-capita net income of farmers reached 5467 Yuan, up 566 Yuan over the previous year. 

In 2009, rural infrastructure construction was improved. Full effort has been put in the strengthening of road construction in rural areas, the length of newly built gravel road is 10.4 km, the length of hardened road to villagers groups for mechanized farming and the road to home accounts for 15.5 km, 48.7 km village road in 20 villages has fully completed, and the village road and network road have extended across 8 km; Tanfu Road has been basically completed, the construction of Fujian Road has been fully carried out, Fulu Town’s transport hub and geographical advantages has become increasingly obvious. There are 44 newly-built reservoirs, and they has a storage capacity of 8,000 cubic meters, the project concerning safe drinking water for 5000people in 10 village has been completed, the overhaul of rural power grids in Feilinwan Village has been fully completed, and the rural infrastructure has become more perfect. 

8

4. The monitoring, investigation and assessment of the

current environmental status The pollutants discharged externally by Jinfu Company have changed little since 2010, and there is no other newly-built project in operation within the assessed area, thus the regional environment has not changed significantly. Therefore, the assessment of the current environmental status utilizes the monitoring data concerning the “construction project with an annual output of 52,000 tons of pulp and 57,000 tons of paper products and related  device” (the monitoring carried out on June 15-21, 2010).

4.1 The current status of surface water environment

1. Monitoring section For this project, the water body that contains pollutants is the Dadu River, so

the assessment has set up four surface water monitoring sections on the assessed river reach of the Dadu River. The location of water quality monitoring sections can be seen in Table 48 and Figure 3.

Table 48 Location of surface water quality monitoring sections

Surface water No. Section locationRemarks

Dadu River I

Niushi Bridge, about 1000m away from upstream of the project outfall 

/

9

Ⅱ

Upstream of Jizhenchang of Fulu Town, about 2500m away from downstream of the outfall

Bay power plant reservoir upstrea

m

Ⅲ

Upstream of Damo Power Station, about 6000m away from downstream of the outfall

Within the reservoir area of Shawan Power

Station

Ⅳ

Downstream of  Shawan Power Station, about10000m away from downstream of the outfall

Downstream of the reservoir area of

Shawan Power Station 

2. Monitoring indicators For this project, there are nine surface water monitoring indicators in total,

namely pH, SS, CODCr, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, sulfur and volatile phenol.

3. Monitoring period The environmental monitoring station in Shawan District of

Leshan City monitored the above indicators once a day for three consecutive days from June 15-17, 2010.

4. The monitoring of water quality  and the assessment results The monitoring of current status of surface water environment and the

assessment results can be seen in Table 45.

From the table, it can be seen that the indicators of each assessed section on the Dadu River meet the requirements on the Class Ⅲ water area in the “Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water” (GB3838-2002).

Table 49: Monitoring of surface water quality  and results Unit: mg/L

Item Monitoring indicators

Section Standard

pH SS CODCr BOD5 NH3-N TN TP SulfideVolatile

phenol

6～9 / ≤20 ≤4 ≤1.0 ≤1.0≤0.2

(湖、库 0.05)≤0.2 ≤0.005

I Concentration

range

8.29~8.31 14~15 7.78~7.84 1.22~1.24 0.180~0.183 0.272~0.275 0.021~0.022 0.01 0.001

10

Pi range value 0.645~0.655 / 0.389~0.392 0.305~0.31 0.180~0.183 0.272~0.275 0.105~0.11 0.05 0.2

Unattainment

rate (%)0 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ⅱ

Concentration

range8.32~8.34 15~17 8.20~8.21 1.36~1.38 0.184~0.185 0.274~0.275 0.023~0.025 0.01 0.002

Pi range value 0.66~0.67 / 0.41~0.415 0.34~0.345 0.159~0.646 0.274~0.275 0.115~0.125 0.05 0.4

Unattainment

rate (%)0 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ⅲ

Concentration

range8.31~8.33 17~18 8.22~8.26 1.37~1.39 0.185~0.187 0.275~0.276 0.024~0.025 0.01 0.002

Pi range 0.655~0.665 / 0.411~0.413 0.343~0.348 0.185~0.187 0.275~0.276 0.12~0.125 0.05 0.4

Unattainment

rate (%)0 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ⅳ

Concentration

range8.34~8.35 18~19 8.26~8.28 1.40~1.41 0.186~0.187 0.276~0.278 0.024~0.025 0.01 0.002

Pi range 0.67~0.675 / 0.413~0.414 0.35~0.353 0.186~0.187 0.276~0.278 0.12~0.125 0.05 0.4

Unattainment

rate (%)0 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4.2 The current status of groundwater environment

1. Monitoring point One groundwater monitoring point is set up, and the monitoring point can be

seen in Table 50 and Figure 2.

Table 50: The monitoring point fro groundwater quality Item Location of monitoring

point Remarks

GroundwaterBackup well of plant

water station 

Projects and waste water stations downstream, but upstream of the outfall

2. Monitoring Factor There are eight monitoring items in total: pH, color, total hardness,

sulfate, chloride, volatile phenol, ammonia nitrogen and permanganate index.

3. Monitoring period The environmental monitoring station in Shawan District of

Leshan City sampled once a day and monitored the above indicators for 3 consecutive days from June 15-17, 2010.

4. The monitoring of water quality  and the assessment results The result of current status monitoring of groundwater environment

11

quality and the assessment table concerning groundwater quality can be seen in Table 51.

Table 51: Groundwater quality monitoring results  Unit: mg / L

Classification Monitoring indicator

Point Standard

pHCol

or

Total

hardne

ss

Sulfa

te

Chlori

de

Volati

le

pheno

l

Ammon

ia

Permanganate in

dex

6.5~8

.5 ≤15 ≤450 ≤250 ≤250

≤0.00

2≤0.2 ≤3.0

Water stati

on

Concentrati

on range

7.97~

8.053

225.2~

225.5

122.3

~122.

8

17.82

~17.880.001

0.145

~0.148

1.37

~1.39

Unattainme

nt multiple0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Remarks

The one marked "*" is the non-detected sample, the monitoring value is calculated

according to 1 / 2 detection limit ; pH is dimensionless; the unit of total coliform

group is  number/ L.

Table 52: The assessment results concerning groundwater quality Item

Pi value range Assessment indicator Standard

pH 6.5~8.5 0.81~0.82

Color ≤15 degree 0.2

Total hardness ≤450 0.500~0.501

Sulfate ≤250 0.489~0.0.491

Chloride ≤250 0.071~0.072

Volatile phenol ≤0.002 0.5

Ammonia ≤0.2 0.725~0.74

Permanganate index ≤3.0 0.457~0.463

Remarks

From the table, it can be seen that the indicators of groundwater at each monitoring point meet the Class Ⅲ water quality standard in “Quality Standard for Ground Water” (GB/T14848-93).

12

4.3 The current status of ambient air quality

1. The location of monitoring point There are 6 ambient air monitoring points in total, and their specific location can

be seen in Table 49 and Figure 2.

Table 53:  The layout of ambient air monitoring points

No. Name Position

Distance

away from the

chimney (m)  

Monitoring indicators Remarks

1#Chimney for alkali

recovery

Within

plant area/ SO2、NO2、PM1

/

2#Fuluzhen Police

StationNE 4000 SO2、NO2、PM10

3#Fuluzhen Middle

SchoolNE 3500 SO2、NO2、PM10

4#Niushizhen Center

School W 400 SO2、NO2、PM10

5#Tongjiezi power

stationSW 800 SO2、NO2、PM10

6#Tongzi township

governmentSW 4500 SO2、NO2、PM10

2. Monitoring indicators There are 3 monitoring indicators in total: sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and

PM10.

3. Monitoring period and frequency During June15~21, 2010, continuous monitoring was carried out for 7

consecutive days. The sampling of SO2 and NO2 was carried out four times a day, each sampling time was 1 hour, and the sampling frequency in each hour was: 2:00~3:00, 8:00~9:00, 14:00~15:00, 20:00~21:00. PM10. The daily average value of PM10 was monitored for 7 consecutive days, and the monitoring time of PM10 was 12 hours.

4. The monitoring of current status of ambient air quality and assessment results The single quality index assessment method has been adopted, so as to calculate

the quality index value of various air evaluation factors at each monitoring point. The monitoring statistics of ambient air quality status within the project area and the assessment results of the ambient air quality status can be seen in Table 54.

Table54: The monitoring statistics of ambient air quality status and the

13

assessment results

Sampl

e point

Monitorin

g project

Sampling day

s

Mean value

Concentration range

（mg/m3）Standard

value

(mg/m3)

Unattainmen

t rate of%

Maximum

unattainment multipl

e

Pi

value range

1#

SO2 7 0.0201～0.0285 ≤0.50 0 0 0.040~0.057

NO2 7 0.0222～0.0243 ≤0.24 0 0 0.093~0.101

PM10 7 0.126~0.131 ≤0.15 0 0 0.84~0.87

2#

SO2 7 0.0201～0.0275 ≤0.50 0 0 0.040~0.055

NO2 7 0.0220～0.0237 ≤0.24 0 0 0.092~0.047

PM10 7 0.121~0.130 ≤0.15 0 0 0.807~0.867

3#

SO2 7 0.0210～0.0239 ≤0.50 0 0 0.042~0.048

NO2 7 0.0210～0.0229 ≤0.24 0 0 0.0875~0.09

5PM10 7 0.125~0.128 ≤0.15 0 0 0.833~0.853

4#

SO2 7 0.0200～0.0242 ≤0.50 0 0 0.040~0.048

NO2 7 0.0208～0.0223 ≤0.24 0 0 0.087~0.093

PM10 7 0.120~0.129 ≤0.15 0 0 0.80~0.86

5#

SO2 7 0.0190～0.0216 ≤0.50 0 0 0.038~0.043

NO2 7 0.0192～0.0212 ≤0.24 0 0 0.080~0.088

PM10 7 0.092~0.097 ≤0.15 0 0 0.613~0.647

6#

SO2 7 0.0190～0.0213 ≤0.50 0 0 0.038~0.043

NO2 7 0.0187～0.0211 ≤0.24 0 0 0.078~0.088

PM10 7 0.090~0.092 ≤0.15 0 0 0.600~0.613

Note: The measured value of SO2, NO2  is hour value, and the one of PM10 is daily mean value

As can be seen from Table 50, the indicator values at each monitoring point within the scope of the project attain the standard and satisfy the secondary standard in the “Air Quality Standard” (GB3095-1996).

4.4 The current status of the quality of acoustic environment

1. The layout of monitoring pointsThere are 12 monitoring points (1 #~ 12 #) in the vicinity of the plant site. The

location of the monitoring points can be seen in Table 55 and Figure 3.

Table55 Distribution of noise monitoring points No. Location of monitoring points Remarks

14

1#  Secondary pumping at the boundary of waste water treatment plant

Environmental noise within the boundary of

the plant

2#  ABR pool at the eastern boundary of waste water treatment plant

3#Primary precipitation tank at the eastern boundary of waste water

treatment plant

4#Agent addition room at the eastern boundary of waste water treatment

plant

5# Mechanical repair workshop at the northern boundary of the plant

6# Transformer room at the north-west boundary of the plant 

7# The boundary of the plant to the northwest of the project

8# Boiler house of the project

9# The boundary of the plant to the west of the project

10# Caustic workshop by the highway

11# The boundary of the plant to the south of the project

12#Combustion section workshop at the boundary of the plant to the south

of the project

2. The assessment of the current status of acoustic environment  

Table 56: Monitoring results of the noise status Unit: dB (Α) 

Monitoring sites PositionNoise monitoring value

Day Night

1# N 57.0 46.22# N 57.6 46.53# NE 57.5 46.44# E 57.8 46.65# NE 59.3 48.46# NW 59.8 49.67# W 59.7 49.48# W 59.8 49.79# W 59.6 49.3

10# SW 59.5 49.211# SW 59.2 48.912# SW 59.0 48.7

15

 Class 2District in the GB3096-2008 60 50

As can be seen from Table 4-7, the regional acoustic environment meets the standard concerning Class 2 District in the "Acoustic Environment Quality Standard" (GB3096-2008) in s. Since the Chinese standards in noise control are more stringent than that of WBG Guidelines as stated before, when the monitored parameters meet Chinese standard, it should meet the WBG standard.

4.5 Monitoring of pollution sources

Waste gases1. Monitoring points The upper ends of chimneys in alkali recovery workshop and boiler house.

2. Monitoring indicators There are 2 monitoring indicators for waste gases in total, namely

smoke dust and sulfur dioxide.

3. Monitoring period The environmental monitoring station in Shawan District of

Leshan City monitored the existing pollution sources of Jinfu Company on June 17, 2010.

3. Monitoring results Monitoring results can be seen in Table 57.

Table 578: Monitoring results concerning organized emissions of waste gases and assessment

Item

Frequency

Gas emission

(N.d.m3/h)

Smoke dust Sulfur dioxide

Emission

concentration

(mg/N. m3)

Emission

(kg/h)

Emission

concentration

(mg/N.m3)

Emission

(kg/h)

3 sets of 49t boiler Group Ⅰ 54603 129.8 7.07 681 37.25

GroupⅡ 48882 128.4 6.27 719 35.21

Group Ⅲ 61967 130.4 8.06 685 42.51

Homogeneous 55150 129.5 7.14 695 38.33

16

Performance standards / ≤200 / ≤900 /

Assessment results / Reach standard / Reach standard /

Remarks The performance standard in the Table is the national environmental

protection standards: the “Emission Standard of Air Pollutants For Coal-

burning Oil-burning Gas-fired Boiler” (GB13271-2001)

Alkali recovery

boiler

GroupⅠ 53432 156.8 8.37 4.2 0.228

GroupⅡ 54026 149.7 8.10 5.0 0.276

Group Ⅲ 53730 160.9 8.64 4.0 0.216

Homogeneous 53729 155.8 8.37 4.4 0.24

Performance standards / ≤200 / ≤850 /

Assessment results / Reach standard / Reach standard //

Remarks The performance standard in the Table is the national environmental

protection standards: the “Emission standard of air pollutants for industrial

kiln and furnace” (GB9078-1996) and the “Integrated Emission Standard

of Air Pollutants” GB16297-1996)

As can be seen from the above Table, all of the organized gases emitted by Jinfu Company satisfy relative emission standards.Waste water

1. Monitoring points: The inlet of waste water station and the outlet of the sewage station

2. Monitoring indicators There are 7 monitoring indicators for the inlet and outlet of the sewage station, namely pH, color, SS, BOD5, CODcr, ammonia, a total of seven.

3. Monitoring period The environmental monitoring station in Shawan District of Leshan City monitored the existing pollution sources on June 17, 2010.

4. Monitoring results The monitoring results of water pollution sources can be seen in Table 59.

Table 59: The sewage monitoring table for the inlet and outlet of the waste water

station Unit: mg / L Monitoring

item

Monitoring points

Water

amount

(m3/h)

pHColor

（Times） SS CODcr BOD5

Ammonia

nitrogen

Inlet of sewage

station296.8 7.18 128 278 778 157.3 6.54

Outlet of sewage

station294.2 6.74 32 48 141 28.5 2.57

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GB3545-2008 / 6~9 50 50 150 30 10

4.6 The newly-added content for the monitoring of environmental

status in this EIA 

The environmental quality monitoring concerning newly-added pollution factor in this project 

In order to better investigate the current environmental quality status of newly-added pollution factor (methanol) in the vicinity of the project, this assessment monitored the status of methanol in surface water of the section of the Dadu River downstream, which was 100m  away from the outlet of the waste water station of this project; and the monitoring of the status of methanol in atmospheric environment was carried out at the monitoring point to the south of the boundary of the plant. Monitoring time is June 2011.

No methanol was detected in surface water and atmospheric environment.

The monitoring concerning groundwater nearby the white mud dreg site Jinfu Company’s white mud dreg site has been used for several years, thus in

order to understand the impact of white mud storage on groundwater environment, this assessment monitored the groundwater at 3 points in the vicinity of the white mud dreg site. The white mud landfill was constructed following the

standard 《Standard for pollution control on the storage and disposal site for general

industrial solid wastes》GB18599-2001 with II level.

Monitoring period is June 2011, and the monitoring institution is the environmental monitoring station in Shawan District of Leshan City.

There are 5 monitoring factors in total: pH, color, smell and taste, total hardness, as well as permanganate index.

The monitoring results of the groundwater quality on white mud dreg site can be seen in Table 61.

Table61 The monitoring results of the groundwater quality on white mud dreg site Unit: mg/L

Assessment Monitoring points Standar

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indicator d

1#(

observation well on dreg site)

2#( downstream)(the nearest farm

ers to the east)3#( upstream)

(the nearest farmers to the west )

pH 8.12 7.95 7.90 6.5~8.5

Color2 0 0 ≤1

5DegreeSmell and taste No No No NoTotal hardness 243.7 236.2 234.5 ≤450

Permanganate index

2.131.84

1.78 ≤3.0

As can be seen from the Table, all of the indicators at the groundwater monitoring points satisfy the standard concerning Class water quality in theⅢ “Quality Standard for Ground Water” (GB/T14848-93), thus it indicates that the operation of the enterprise’s white mud dreg site has little effect on groundwater.

4.7 Investigation of the current status of corporate environmental

management and assessment Environmental management department

Jinfu Company’s existing environmental management department is the Safety and Environmental Protection Department, which is responsible for the implementation of environmental protection management during the operation period of the project, and there are 5 full-time staff engaged in environmental protection in total. Co-ordination by the general manager, department managers take specific responsibility for the management of environmental protection in the whole plant, cleaner production and other daily works, and 2 part-time environmental managers are appointed in each workshop for the maintenance of environmental protection facilities in each workshop and the communication with the Safety and Environmental Protection Department. There are 2 other full-time people of the Safety and Environmental Protection Department to be responsible for the management of occupational health.

The responsibilities of environmental management department National and local laws, regulations and policies concerning environmental

protection, as well as the requirements of the competent departments of environmental protection at all levels should be implemented; combined with the processes of the enterprise, the company's policy on environmental protection should be implemented, and the duties and regulations concerning environment protection in various departments and for each position should be determined according to the company's

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the management system for environmental protection;

The environmental pollution and ecological damage construction should be controlled during the construction period, barbaric construction should be eliminated, and the treatment of "three wastes" and noise control work during construction period should be guided and supervised, so that the environmental pollution and ecological damage can be reduced to a minimum during the construction period;

The files concerning pollution sources, environmental protection infrastructure and technological process during the operation period should be established and improved; Statistical studies on the data and reports concerning the emission of pollutants and the operation of environmental protection facilities should be conducted monthly.

The routine monitoring and maintenance of environmental protection facilities and equipments should be carried out, so as to deal with various problems concerning environmental protection as they arise and keep records;

For environmental protection and safety in production, related propaganda and technical training should be carried out;

The management should be strengthened, and the emergency systems and response measures concerning the abnormal wastewater discharge and waste gas emission should be established, so as to minimize the impact of abnormal discharge.

The environmental management department should be responsible for the safety management of the plant's storage, transportation and use of hazardous chemicals; it should be responsible for the formulation, establishment and revision of prevention measures concerning the risk of accident, as well as the implementation of emergency plans when an accident occurs; it should be responsible for the daily management and emergency disposal of facilities and equipments for fire and explosion prevention and chemical protection, the organization, exercise and implementation of evacuation measures;

It should be responsible for the occupational health protection and management of all factory staff;

5. Environmental impact prediction and assessment

Since this project has been completed and is in operation for many years, the environmental impact caused by its pollution emissions has been reflected by the environmental quality in this region.  According to the routine monitoring carried out by local environmental protection department in recent years and the status of the

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monitoring in this assessment shows that (for details, see Chapter 4,  Present Situation of Environmental Quality), the regional atmosphere environmental quality meets the requirements concerning Class II region in GB3095-1996, the assessed sections of the Dadu River meet the requirements concerning Class water areas in GB3838-2002,Ⅲ and the noises within the plant boundary meet the requirements of standards concerning Class 2 area in GB3096-2008. Thus it can be conducted that the operation of this project has little effect on the regional environment, and the completion of this project has not resulted in the unattainment of regional environmental quality or led to changes in regional environment functions. 

5.1 The analysis of environmental impact during construction period

This project has been constructed within the existing site of the factory, and there is no new land acquisition. 

According to the analysis of the program for project construction, the environmental impact caused by the proposed project during construction period is mainly manifested in the following areas:

the removal of eliminated  plants, site preparation, excavation works and the construction of structures may lead to damages to local ecological environment and ecological landscape;

the operation of construction machinery and the flow of transport vehicles will have a certain impact on the around the acoustic environment surrounding the construction area;

air-borne dust in construction worksites will have an adverse impact on local air quality of the area where the project lies;

the discharge of construction wastewater and domestic sewage at the worksite will have a certain impact of pollution on the shallow groundwater and surface water environment of water body accepting pollutants within the construction area. 

1. The analysis of ecological environmental impact during construction period Project construction (which is primarily a variety of structures and buildings)

will result in a certain degree of damage to the existing landscape and land surface, but these effects are relatively weak and temporary.  As the completion of parts of the construction of civil works and the implementation of recovery measures at construction mark places, the damage to ecological environment caused by the construction will be eliminated. After planting trees, grass and flowers in accordance with the indicators of afforested areas within the plant site, the bare area within the factory has been reduced and the ecological landscape has been improved. It is easily to form small-scale soil erosion when the construction is carrying out during days with heavy rain.  It is recommend that the construction institutions should take measures to optimize the construction program, so as to avoid earth-rock excavation in rainy season in their arrangements, thus the impact of construction phase on local water and soil erosion can be minimum. 

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2. The analysis of noise impact during construction period The noise sources of the proposed project include: the fixed noise sources

using construction machinery, such as demolition, excavation works, piling, concrete works, structure (building) masonry, site clearance and repair, as well as the flowing noise sources caused by the transport vehicles for construction.  Among them, the major impact comes from the fixed-source noises on the construction site, such as bulldozer, mixer, vibrator, etc., the strength of sound source is 85 ~ 95dB.

According to the relevant analysis and calculation, compared to the "Noise Limits for Construction Site" (GB12523-90) clearly established by the State, it can be concluded that the excessive machinery noises caused by construction during daytime is within a range of about 100m, which will has little effect on the surroundings, while there will be impact within a range of about 300m during night. It is recommended that low-noise equipments should be selected wherever possible, rationally arrange the construction time, avoid construction during night wherever possible, and take effective measures to control the noises at the construction site.

Construction period, time, construction schedule, the purchase time of raw materials for construction should be carefully arranged, systematically planned and implemented in a standard manner. The individual farmers in the vicinity of the plant site and other sensitive points should be protected; 

Excessive mechanical noises should be prevent during the construction, in particular, the operations of concrete mixer, electric drills and other machines with strong noises during night should avoided, and the construction noises should meet the requirements of the "Noise Limits for Construction Site" (GB12523-90); 

During the university entrance examination and night, construction should be prohibited, so as to avoid disturbing the people 

3. The analysis of atmospheric environmental impact during construction period The waste gas sources of the construction of proposed project are primarily the

fuel emissions of construction machines, dust pollution caused by demolition, dust pollution caused by foundation excavation and the transport of waste spoil, as well as the dust generated by the using of gravel materials and the mixing of concrete.  

During the construction period of the project, the treatment of dust pollution caused by construction should be strengthened, so as to prevent construction dust from influencing the normal life of farmers scattered around. After the adoption of engineering measures, there will be no harm caused by air pollution to this region, and the following measures should be taken during the construction period: 

Enclosed safety net for closed construction should be adopted during construction, the entrances and exits of construction site must be covered by straw mattress, tarpaulins for coverage must be used during clearing and removal, the spilling and leaking of construction materials during transportation should be minimized, the construction wastes on the road surface at construction site should be removed timely, water should be sprinkled appropriately to minimize dust pollution, the gap in the process of material transportation should be reduced wherever possible, thus the impact of dust pollution on the air can be reduced.  In addition, at the main

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points that generate dust, the touching of waste gases and dust will bring adverse affect to the health of construction personal, so attention should be paid to construction personal’s labor protection. 

4. The analysis of waste water impact during construction period The waste water sources of the proposed project during construction period can

be divided into two parts:

The first part is the waste water generated by production on the construction site, which mainly originates from wastewater for washing the concrete mixing system and the mixer of gravel materials. Through investigation and analysis, the waste water generated by production mainly contains a relative high concentration of sediment  and other suspended materials, pH value shows alkaline, and there is a small amount of greasy dirt, thus it should be treated for re-use without discharge.

The second part is the sewage generated by construction personal, which mainly contains CODCr, BOD5, NH3-N, SS and other pollutants, the concentration of water quality is higher, and this part of wastewater can be drawn into waste water treatment plant through the company's existing sewage system for treatment, and its sewage discharge has met the specified standard. 

During the construction period, oil separating sedimentation pond should be established for the disposal and re-use of waste, sewage can be treated through the enterprise’s waste water treatment station, so as to result in little impact on surface water. 

5. The analysis of the mucking waste impact during construction period   This project requires to dismantle the original floor and shop for the vacation of

construction site, thus during the demolition, site excavation and construction, there will be some construction residue, waste earth and spoil generated. The construction site is flat, and the embankment and excavation can maintain a basic balance. The construction ballast caused by the demolition of old buildings should be dumped in designated areas in accordance with the requirement of the local government, so as to prevent significant adverse effects on the ecological environment. 

In summary, the impact of the proposed project during the construction period is temporary, and after the completion of construction, various environmental factors that affect the region can be restored basically.  As long as the civilized construction has been implementation strictly in accordance with construction norms, and effective measures have been adopted to mitigate environmental impacts, such as preventing dust and reducing noises, the environmental impacts during construction period can be eliminated or effectively controlled.

6. The environmental impact of relocation of migrants  This project does not involve the relocation issue. 

7. The analysis of impact caused by the removal of obsolete facilities in technological transformation project 

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Among the eliminated waste removal facilities in this technological transformation project, liquid chlorine tank is the one concerning hazardous chemicals. At present, steel liquid chlorine cylinders are used, and they are supplied by the caustic soda plant of Fuhua Group, controlling shareholder of Jinfu Company, and they will be recovered by this plant after technological transformation, thus environmental pollution accident caused by the loss of hazardous chemicals and their containers will never occur; 

After the removal, the existing spherical digester will be scraped and be sold to steel plants a scrap metal, and they shall not be sold to other pulp plants for use; 

Other removed facilities and pipelines shall also be sold as scrap metal, the construction wastes will be sent to municipal landfill site for disposal, and the remaining liquid bleach and other chemical materials will be sent to Fuhua Group Company, controlling shareholder, for utilization.  

The nature of land use will never change before or after the technological transformation, the removal of eliminated devices during the technological transformation project will not affect the regional environment. 

5.2 The analysis and prediction of the impact on surface water

environment during operation period After the implementation of the technological transformation project, the volume

of waste water and the concentration of pollutants discharged externally are reduced, thus the pollution to the water environment of the Dadu River will be mitigated, and the positive benefits to environment are obvious. Therefore, this assessment only focuses on the analysis of the impact on the water environment of the Dadu River caused by abnormal discharge. 

Surface water environment affects the main content of the prediction This EIA intends to be based on the total waste water that enters into the waste

water station of the plant, and predict the impact of abnormal discharge of untreated waste water into the Dadu River, and analyze the degree of influence on the surface water quality of the Dadu River containing pollutants during the abnormal discharge. 

Brief status of surface water environment1. The distribution of rivers and the direction of flow In this project, the water that contains pollutants is the Dadu River. Dadu

River joins the Qingyijiang River at Shizhong District of Leshan City, and then flows into the Minjiang River.

2. Assessment of the hydrological conditions of the reach

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The outfall of this project lies between Tongjiezi Hydropower Station and Shawan Hydropower Station on the Dadu River, there is about 1.5km away from the dam of Tongjiezi Hydropower Station in the upper reach, there is 10 km away from the dam of Shawan Hydropower Station in the lower reach and there is about 3 km away from the reservoir area of Shawan Hydropower Station.  Shawan Hydropower Station is the complementary power station of the incomplete day controlled Tongjiezi Hydropower Station in the upper reach, so Shawan Hydropower Station dose not has regulatory function, and the minimum let-down flow rate of Shawan Hydropower Station is 400m3/s.

The environmental  hydrological parameters during the low-flow season for assessing the Dadu River reach can be seen in Table 62.

Table 62: Statistical data of hydrological parameters for assessing the reach during the low-flow season

ReachFlow rate in

low-flow season (m3/s)

Average river width (m)

Average flow

velocity（m/s)Average gradient

(%)

Dadu River

400 200 0.5 0.131

The intensity of source of abnormal wastewater discharge in this project  Based on the engineering analysis of this project, this assessment has defined the

intensity of abnormal emission in accordance with the most adverse circumstances.

Table 63: The intensity of abnormal emission of pollutants in wastewater of this project  

Wastewater discharge in accidents

Waste water rate CODCrmg/L

11027m3/d、0.128 1100

Predictor and predictive model Predictors: CODCr Predictive model: this prediction adopts the two-dimensional model concerning

the discharge on the riverbank.

c ( x , y )=Ch+C p Qp

H √πM y xu [exp( uy 2

4 M y x)+exp (−

u(2 B− y )2

4 M y x)]

Where:u——the flow rate of river, m/s;Cp——the concentration of discharged pollutant, mg/L; Qp——the flow rate of waste water, m3/s;My——horizontal diffusion parameter, m2 / s;C(x,y)—— the predicted concentration of certain pollutant at (x, y) point in the

25

river , mg/L;Ch——the background value of certain pollutant in the river , mg/L.

My method uses the Taylor method: My=(0.058H+0.0065B)( gHI)1/2；

Where:I——average gradient of river m/m;H——average depth of river m;B——average width of river m.

Parameter selection: hydrological parameters can be seen in Table 55.

The current status concentration of pollutants: the status background value of predictor of the Dadu River reach will adopt the maximum value of status monitoring in each reach, namely CODCr 8.28mg / L.

The quality of surface water environment affects prediction and assessment The prediction result of the abnormal discharge of the project can be seen in

Table 64.

Table64 The prediction result of impact of abnormal discharge of COD of the project on the water quality  of the Dadu River (unit: mg/l)

Predictory(m)

x(m)1 2 5 10 20 50 80 100 150 200

CODcr 135.88

59.294 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280

242.13

514.76

98.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280

538.07

423.66

78.431 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280

1031.80

025.18

39.953 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280

2025.85

223.17

612.96

68.355 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280

2524.17

122.20

413.80

08.482 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280 8.280

3022.89

321.36

914.33

48.665 8.279 8.279 8.279 8.279 8.279 8.279

4021.05

120.03

914.87

59.116 8.279 8.279 8.279 8.279 8.279 8.279

5019.76

519.03

115.04

99.577 8.281 8.279 8.279 8.279 8.279 8.279

10016.48

916.22

214.58

211.03

88.380 8.278 8.278 8.278 8.278 8.278

200 14.113

14.017

13.390

11.660

8.925 8.276 8.276 8.276 8.276 8.276

26

30013.04

812.99

512.64

511.59

39.378 8.275 8.274 8.274 8.274 8.274

40012.40

912.37

512.14

511.42

29.651 8.277 8.272 8.272 8.272 8.272

50011.97

211.94

711.78

111.24

79.807 8.286 8.270 8.270 8.270 8.270

75011.28

811.27

511.18

410.87

99.948 8.343 8.266 8.266 8.266 8.266

CODcr

100010.87

810.86

910.81

010.60

8 9.947 8.428 8.263 8.261 8.261 8.261

150010.38

610.38

210.34

910.23

7 9.844 8.592 8.271 8.253 8.251 8.251

200010.08

910.08

610.06

5 9.991 9.725 8.708 8.296 8.249 8.242 8.2422500 9.883 9.881 9.865 9.812 9.617 8.781 8.331 8.252 8.232 8.2323000 9.728 9.726 9.715 9.674 9.523 8.824 8.366 8.261 8.223 8.2233500 9.605 9.604 9.595 9.562 9.441 8.847 8.399 8.273 8.214 8.2134000 9.504 9.503 9.496 9.469 9.369 8.857 8.427 8.287 8.206 8.2044500 9.419 9.418 9.412 9.390 9.305 8.859 8.450 8.300 8.199 8.1945000 9.345 9.345 9.339 9.320 9.248 8.854 8.468 8.313 8.193 8.185

From the prediction, it can see that a pollution belt of excessive COD with a width of 2m and a length of 40 m will form in the lower reach of the outfall of the project when the abnormal efflux of waste water of this project occurs. There is no serious impact on the water quality of the Dadu River. But the enterprise must prevent the occurrence of abnormal waste water discharge of this project.

Brief analysis of the generation of AOX and dioxin in waste water and their impact

AOX (Absorbable Organic Halogen) refers to the total amount of (total chlorine) halogen elements (including fluorine, chlorine and bromine) that combine in organic compounds and can be absorbed by activated carbon under normal conditions, it is part of the total organic halogen, and it is a kind of specific pollutant that inevitably appears in the process of elemental chlorine containing bleaching; and dioxins are also chlorinated substances that generated in addition reaction, substitution reaction and replacement reaction of elemental chlorine and residual lignin in the bleaching process, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans.  AOX and dioxins are persistent organic pollutants, which generate unconsciously in the pulping process, in addition to bleaching with chlorine, they also have something to do with the specific chemical structure of lignin, their quantity are very low and almost cannot be detected in the surface water, thus they influences the surface water environment on a small scale.

Elemental Chlorine is a major factor that results in the generation of AOX and

27

dioxins, while ClO2 reacts with lignin cannot generate any organic chloride, but the elemental entrained in the chlorine ClO2 solution for preparation can result in the generation of a small amount of AOX, according to relative news reports, to choose the CEH chlorine bleaching process, which is older than the CEF bleaching technology can reduce 75% of AOX generation, that means the AOX generated in bleaching can be reduced from 2.5kg/t•pulp to 0.8kg/t•pulp after this technological transformation, and then the generation of dioxins can be reduced.  Therefore, this project replaces the chlorine monoxide D0-EOP-D1 three-stage bleaching process with the existing C-E-H-P less chlorine bleaching technology, thus the generation of pollutants can be reduced at source effectively, and the attainment discharge of such pollutants can be ensured. The impact on surface water environment can be further reduced.

Summary of projection of water pollutant discharge of this project The above analysis shows that the water pollutants discharged externally can be

significantly reduced after the implementation of technological transformation of the project, thus its pollution effect on the water quality of the Dadu River shows positive benefits; and the abnormal discharge of wastewater of this project shows insignificant impact on the water quality of the Dadu River, thus it will not change the water environment functions of the Dadu River.

5.3 The analysis of the impact on groundwater environment

The zone of aeration on the project site has a relative strong anti-fouling property, the location of this project belongs to Emeishan basalt formation (P2β), which is lacking in underground water, while the ground water is basalt fissure water, which has characteristics of small amount and poor flow, and the shallowest depth of underground water is about 10m. The local flow direction of groundwater is westwards to the Dadu River. The hydro-geological map of the project site can be seen in Map 4.

This project will be constructed within the existing plant, and the existing impervious facilities will be further strengthened in the process of construction and renovation.  A complete and comprehensive work for seepage control should be carried out on all parts that may lead to leakage, such as pool, slurry tower, waste water station, tank, pipe, etc., the seepage control of bend, socket and joint at pipeline, pool, etc. should be strengthened, meanwhile, the record of concealed work should be kept.   The flow of polluted groundwater can be effectively controlled. According to this assessment, the waste water discharged by this project will not cause groundwater pollution.

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5.4 The analysis of the impact on atmospheric environment

during operation period The analysis of the impact of major air pollutants of the enterprise

This technological transformation project do not involve alkali recovery, boiler room and other major emitters of air pollutants among the enterprise’s workshops, after the implementation of this project, the enterprise’s emissions of SO2 and other major air pollutants remain unchanged or decreased (because steam consumption will be reduced), this assessment will utilize the EIA results of the "Energy-saving Technological Transformation Project" of Jinfu Company.

According to the EIA report, the "Energy-saving Technological Transformation Project" of Jinfu Company belongs to air pollutant emission reduction project, and after the implementation of this project, regional air quality within the assessed area will be improved, and there will be no adverse impact on the environmentally sensitive points in the vicinity of the project site.

The establishment of width of sanitary protection zone of this project After the implementation of this project, the pulping waste gas collector and

disposal system will be newly added, so as to deal with the emission of unorganized foul-smelling gases, most of the foul-smelling gases will be emitted under standard in an organized manner after treatment, more than 90% unorganized foul-smelling gases emitted by the enterprise will be reduced, thus the impact on nearby atmospheric environment will be mitigated.  But there is no quantitative criterion concerning the concentration of  foul-smelling gases in relevant environmental protection standards, so it is difficult to carry out predictive analysis in a quantitative manner, so the width of sanitary protection zone in this assessment remains 100m: It refers to "define the width of sanitary protection zone with center at cooking, black liquor concentration device and chemical workshop within the plant site and radius equal to 100m", and towards waste water station, it refers to “define the width of sanitary protection zone with center at aeration tank, sludge thickening and filter-press room of the waste water treatment station and radius equal to 100m”. There is no residents within this range, so it doesn't need any relocation.

This EIA proposes that: within this range, no residents, school, hospital, and manufacturers of foods or pharmaceutical products shall move into henceforth.  After approval, this EIA must be sent to relevant local departments for backup, so as to guarantee the requirements of sanitary protection and environmental protection.

5.5 The prediction of noise impact during operation period

After the implementation of the project, there will be no major changes in the strength of noise source and noise control measures, and the status monitoring during

29

the normal operating conditions of the enterprise shows that there is no unattainment within the plant site and this project causes little impact on sound environment.

5.6 The analysis of the environmental impact of solid wastes

After the implementation of the project, the major solid wastes generated by the enterprise (white mud, coal cinders, lime cinders, sludge in waste water station) remain unchanged, and the disposal methods also remain unchanged. The solid wastes generated have been utilized comprehensively and disposed harmlessly and properly, so the solid wastes generated by enterprises do not obviously affect the environment.

5.7 Summary of environmental impact assessment of this project

Based on the above analysis, this technological transformation project belongs to discharge reduction project concerning water pollutants, and the amount of unorganized waste gas emissions will also be reduced, thus the positive environmental benefits are obvious.

Under normal operating conditions of this project, the status monitoring indicates that the pollutants discharged during the normal operation of the project result in little impact on the external environment, and there is no regional unattainment of environment standard (including the quality of atmospheric environment, the quality of surface water environment and the quality of sound environment).

The projections indicate that the abnormal discharge caused by this project shows insignificant impact on the water environment of the Dadu River and the functions of regional atmosphere and surface water environment will not be changed.  All of the pollution sources discharged by this project cause insignificant impact on the environmental quality of various local environmental elements.

6. Mitigation Measures for Environmental Impact of

Project

6.1 Environmental Protection Measures Applied during the

Construction PeriodEnvironmental Protection Measures Applied during the Construction Period

Flying dust, noise, construction residues and wastewater are produced during the construction period, which impacts the air, sound, surface water and ecological environment. It plans to apply following management and engineering measures.

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Management Measures ： Include environmental protection during the

construction period into contract management; clearly define that the construction party take charge of environmental protection and the property owner responsible for supervision and management. It shall require the Construction Party to include the execution of environmental protection measures into production management system, establish corresponding work system. Meanwhile, environmental protection advertisement for construction team is to be strengthened.

Engineering Measures:

1） Flying dust prevention: ⑴ Watering to reduce dust regularly, install dust

prevention cover at main dust raising sites. (2) Remove dust on ground in time.

2）Noise prevention: the operation of concrete mixing and stirring shall be kept

away from the factory boundary.

3）Disposal of construction residues: (1) deliver residues to designated site in

time according to requirements of local Environmental Sanitation authority; (2) it shall keep away from ditches for temporary piling, which shall be covered.

4） Construction Waste Water: Construct simple sediment deposition pool at

construction waste water outlet to recycle the waste water.

5）Measures on ecological restoration and water & soil conservation: (1) the

project occupies a land of 260 mu. It shall protect vegetations when constructing, replant and restore damaged vegetations in time. (2) Remove construction residues in time; (3) Restore land of construction within the boundary in time.

It is estimated that RMB 50,000 Yuan are needed for environmental protection investment during the construction period.

Measure illustration

The project is to be constructed within existing premise and do not need to acquire new land. It is analyzed that it can limit and control the three wastes, noise, water and soil losses during construction period at great extent thorough implementing construction management measures. Meanwhile, it can also lower the ecological environment damage and impact of flying dust, noise, waste water and construction residues into minimum extent and limit within a small range through implementing corresponding engineering preventive measures, ecological management and restoration. It can reduce discharge of three wastes of construction and noise greatly by applying above management measures and engineering measures. Meanwhile, it can also save pollution prevention and control expenses. It is feasible to apply environmental protection measures during the construction period.

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6.2 Wastewater treatment measures and illustration during operation

periodQuality of project waste water and treatment measures

Cooling black liquor, middle stage waste water and white water are the three main wastewater pollution sources of the project. It treatment different wastewater separately according to the principle of “splitting flow of clean and waste water”, “treating different effluents separately” and “multi-state utilization”.

1. Type of wastewater and treatment measures of the technical reconstruction project

Black liquor: Cooling black liquor is a main pollution source of the paper industry, the pollution load of which account for more than 90% of all pulping and papermaking wastewater. Therefore, extract black liquor fully and implement alkali recovery is the most effective way to control pollution for pulp & paper enterprises.

Alkali recovery is the most feasible way to treat black liquor, which can not only remove more than 90% of water pollution load, but also can recovery caustic soda and heat energy. It can achieve economic benefits. The extraction rate of black liquor does not change much after implementing the technical reconstruction and remains 95%, but the black liquor outlet becomes different (discharge to recovery workshop after utilizing in the cooling stage).

Middle stage waste water: Middle stage waste water mainly comes from bleaching process. Since it applies medium consistency technology through all processes after reconstruction, and use advanced medium consistency ECF instead of chlorine at the bleaching process, middle stage waste water reduces, which can achieve safe discharge after treatment in waste water treatment station and some of it can be reused in process.

Waste water produced by feed preparation: It uses wet feed preparation to replace original dry feed preparation in the project. Therefore it will produce waste water. However, the waste water is the washing water of raw bamboo chips, which contains fewer pollutants and is easy to be treated in the waste water treatment station. In addition, there is no high quality requirement on washing water for bamboo chip. So it can use recycled water after treating in wastewater treatment station to wash.

Waste water produced in chlorine dioxide workshop: all of the process water produced during chlorine dioxide preparation enters into chlorine dioxide solution and the byproduct of saturated sodium sulfate solution, which does not discharge out. Waste water produced in chlorine dioxide workshop is cooling water used in the vacuum system (vapor jet pump), which contains fewer pollutants and shall be sent to waste water treatment station for disposal. In addition, it can also mix some recycled water that has been treated in waste water treatment station into the

32

cooling water.

Washing water of flue gas produced during pulping: It adds new treatment facilities for flue gas produced during pulping. It uses recycled water to wash the flue gas and waste washing water shall be sent to waste water treatment station for disposal and reuse again.

See Table 65-67 for the production and disposal of project wastewater. Wastewater produced outside the range of technical reconstruction remains unchanged.

Table 65: Wastewater Production and Disposal within the Range of Technical reconstruction

Workshop

Wastewater

sources and

name

Productio

n (m3/d)

Main pollutants

and concentration

Production

ruleDisposal and discharge

Pulping

workshop

Cooling blakc liq

uor2011

CODCr ：80000mg/l

Continuously Send for alkali recovery

and does not discharge.

Bleaching waste

water6110

CODCr：1000mg/l

SS：650mg/l

AOX：12mg/l

Continuously

Send to waste water

treatment station for

disposa. Some of it can

be recycled after disposal

and the remaining shall

be discharged into Dadu

River.

Feed

preparation

waste water

(those

discharged out

after sediment

and clarification)

1835CODCr：150mg/l

SS：500 mg/lContinuously

Waste water

discharged from

flue gas

washing tower

16

Odor containing

sulphur that has

been absorbed

Discontinuou

sly

ClO2

workshop

Cooling water of

steam ejection

pump system

157

CODCr：100mg/l

Few ClO2 and

methanol

Continuously

Send to waste water

treatment station for

disposal

Total 10129 / /

Wastewater send to the

wastewater treatment

station: 8102m3/d

Table 66: Wastewater Production and Disposal of Pulping Workshop before the Technical reconstruction

33

Worksho

p

Wastewater

sources and

name

Productio

n (m3/d)

Main pollutants and

concentration

Production

ruleDisposal and discharge

Pulping

workshop

cooking bla

ck liquor1377 CODCr：80000mg/l

Continuousl

y

Send for alkali recovery and

does not discharge.

middle

stage waste

water

8797.5

CODCr ：1000~1500mg/l

SS：650mg/l

Continuousl

y

Send to waste water

treatment station for disposa.

Some of it can be recycled

after disposal and the

remaining shall be

discharged into Dadu River.

total 10174.5 / /

Wastewater send to the

wastewater treatment

station: 8797.5m3/d

Table 67: Wastewater Production and Disposal of other Workshop outside the Range of Technical reconstruction

Workshop

Wastewater

sources and

name

Productio

n (m3/d)

Main pollutants and

concentrationProduction rule Disposal and discharge

Papermakin

g workshopWhite water 6194

CODCr：200mg/l

SS：300mg/lContinuously

After sending the white

water to recycle system

for treatment, some of it is

recycled for use in

washing, screening and

bleaching process and the

remaining, about 764 t/d,

shall be sent to

wastewater treatment

station for disposal.

34

Alkali

recovery

workshop

Waste

cooling

water after

cooking

1552 CODCr：800mg/l Continuously

The light cold wastewater

produced after cooking

and concentrating shall be

reused in washing,

screening and bleaching

processes directly, and

the heavy cold

wastewater shall be

reused and discharged to

wastewater treatment

station after treating into

light cold wastewater

through air flotation.

Reused light cold

wastewater: 176m3/d；Cold waste water send to

waste water treatment

station: 1376m3/d

Desalted

water station

Membrane

filtration and

resin

regeneratio

n

wastewater

65 Clear wastewaterDiscontinuousl

y

Send to waste water

treatment station for

disposalBoiler room

Wastewater

discharged

by boiler

19 Clear wastewater Continuously

Factory

boundary

Ground

washing

water

48 CODCr：350mg/lDiscontinuousl

y

Sanitary

sewage80 CODCr：350mg/l Continuously

total 7958 / /

Wastewater send to the

wastewater treatment

station: 2352m3/d

Total of the all factory

after technical

reconstruction

18088 / /

Wastewater send to the

wastewater treatment

station: 10455m3/d

Note: since the amount of black liquor increases after technical reconstruction, the cold waste water

produced by alkali recovery also increases.

It is observed from above table that the wastewater send to wastewater treatment station for disposal is 8103 t/d after technical reconstruction in terms of pulping

35

workshop (including the new chlorine dioxide workshop), which reduces 694.5 t/d than before; while in terms of the all factory, total wastewater produced by all sources is 18088 t/d after technical reconstruction, 10455 t/d of it is sent to waste water treatment station for disposal, which reduces 562 t/d than before.

2. Treatment technology applied in the wastewater treatment station The advanced treatment reconstruction of waste water treatment station in Jinfu

Company is underway, which shall be completed soon. The treatment technology applied in the Station is adjusted to 3 levels, i.e. “ABR + Contact Oxidation + advanced treatment by shallow layer air flotation”. See table 59-61 for treatment process of the wastewater treatment station and see table 68 for inflow and outflow.

Table 68: Treatment Conditions of Jinfu Wastewater Treatment Station after Implementing the Project

Status

Amount of

Water

m3/d

CODCr

mg/L

BOD5

mg/L

SS

mg/L

Ammonia

nitrogen

mg/L

chroma

(dilution

factor)

AOX

mg/L

Inflow control index 11017 ≤1500 ≤500 / / / 12

Outflow control

index

8200

（reuse

2250）≤90 ≤20 ≤30 ≤8 ≤50 ≤12

Discharge

threshold as stated

in table 2 of

GB3544-2008

60t/t product 90 20 50 8 50 12

Figure 24: Treatment Process of wastewater treatment station of enterprise

36

Waste water Primary sedimentation pool

ABR Pool

Contact oxidation pool

Secondary sedimentation pool

Sludge Dewatering FacilitySludge concentration pool

Aeration

Dewatering machine Crude

Residue

Crude residues delivery

Filtrate

Filtrate

Regulating pool

The On-line monitoring device is put the outlet of wastewater treatment station. It is available to monitor flow,CODcr and NH3-N. The On-line monitoring device is connected with provincial city and county bureaus as well as Ministry of Environmental Protection.

After the technical reconstruction has been completed, the pollutants discharge concentration of various wastewater indexes and water discharge per ton of product of Jinfu Company can meet the discharge threshold requirement for joint production enterprise for paper pulp and papermaking as stated in Table 2 of Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Paper Industry (GB3544 - 2008). Reused water treated by the wastewater treatment station is about 2250 t/d in total (account for 22% of the water that has been treated), 1912 t/d of which (account for 85% of the reused water) used for washing bamboo chips and about 48 t/d (account for 2% of the reused water) used for cleaning workshop, and the remaining 290 t/d (account for 13% of the reused water) used as indirect cooling water for chlorine dioxide workshop and flue gas washing water for various workshops.

It shall be noted that it has not achieved a high pollutants removal rate in existing biochemical treatment system of the wastewater station because of anaerobic unit deficiency. But it adds the input of chemical oxidizing agent in advanced treatment process, which can assure the safe discharge of wastewater. While there are stable hydrogen peroxide sources in Jinfu Company, it can ensure the chemical dose needed for advanced treatment. However, it requires enterprise improving existing anaerobic unit in wastewater station, increasing pollutants removal rate of the biochemical treatment system and reducing treatment load of advanced treatment unit in wastewater station in this assessment.

Illustration and Analysis on Wastewater Treatment Measures of the Project Since there is large amount of water consumption and waste water discharge in

paper mills, and daily waste water discharge is usually above 10,000 m3, pulp and paper

37

Filter cake delivery

Shallow layer air flotation pool

Tail water

Reused water collection pool

Sludge

Discharge into Dadu River

Online monitorying

Chemical oxidation pool (for backup)

Reused water

Collecting pool

Sludge collection pool

Sludge Dewatering Facility

PAM、PAC

enterprises must apply reliable wastewater management measures to achieve stable safe discharge. It applies a series of comprehensive measures in the wastewater management, and follows the principle of “treating different effluents separately”, “source reduction”, “resource utilization” and “safe discharge”.

Cooking black liquor is a kind of pollutant with heavy pollution, complex components and high concentration of organics. Therefore, it applies evaporation concentration process to increase the concentration and then dispose by burning. It can use steam, a byproduct of alkali furnace, to heat the evaporation concentration process. It can not only recycle resources, but also can reduce pollutants emission from source. Now, alkali recovery facilities have become one of the primary facilities of all paper mills. It is feasible to apply black liquor management measures in the project.

There are few pollutants in the white water and it is most suitable for recycle. It is the key for pulp and paper enterprises to conserve water resources. It applies the technology of “flocculation sediment + shallow layer air flotation” to treat white water separately in the project and reuse the water after treatment, which can utilize water resources and heat resources fully. It is simpler to use “flocculation sediment + shallow layer air flotation” technology than “secondary biochemical treatment” technology. The technology is mature and is broadly applied by pulp and paper enterprises. It is feasible to apply white water management and reuse measures.

Middle process waste water comes from the screening and bleaching operation of pulp washing, screening and bleaching processes, the pollutant load of which is much lower than black liquor, but much higher than white water. It cannot be burned after evaporation concentration (high water content and require high energy consumption), and cannot be reused through simple treatment. While the pollutants concentration of middle stage waste water is within the range required by biochemical treatment. Therefore, it shall construct a wastewater treatment station in the project to apply “secondary biochemical treatment + advanced treatment” technology to treat the middle stage waste water. Meanwhile, it can also treat cold waste water with corresponding pollutants concentration produced by alkali recovery, sanitary sewage and all wastewater discharged by the whole factory.

It applies shallow layer air flotation technology for advanced treatment in wastewater treatment station and set a primary chemical oxidation as guarantee. It aims to remove COD that is hard to be degraded both through biochemical and physico-chemical way, ensure wastewater discharged by the station can meet the requirement as stated in Table 2 of GB3544-2008, which shall be executed in July 2011, and ensure that wastewater treatment expenses to be controlled within the affordable range of enterprises.

As stated above, the wastewater management measures of project has clear target, the management effect is stable and reliable and the management expenses are

38

reasonable. Therefore, it is feasible to apply the management measures.

Analysis on the generation and reduction of AOX and Dioxin in wastewater discharged by enterprise before and after technical reconstruction. AOX (absorbable organic halogen compounds) refers to total haloid elements (including fluorine, chlorine and bromine) combined in organic compound that can be absorbed by activated carbon under normal conditions (count by chlorine), which is part of total organic halide and a category I pollutants that cannot be avoided in chlorine bleaching process; while dioxin is also PCDDs and PCDFs types of chlorine substances produced by element chlorine and remaining lignin through addition, substitution and replacement reactions during the bleaching process. AOX and Dioxin are both persistent organic pollutants, which are produced accidentally during pulping process. In addition to chlorine used for bleaching, it is also related to the specific chemical structure of lignin. With quite low production, it is hard to test out from surface water and there is little impact on surface water environment.

Chlorine element is the main reason to generate AOX and Dioxin. However, it does not generate organic chloride through reaction between CIO2 and lignin. Only chlorine element entrained in CIO2 solutions when preparation will result in the generation of few AOX. According to reports, apply CEH chlorine bleaching process that uses older CEF bleaching technology can reduce 75% of AOX generation, thus can further reduce dioxin generation. Therefore, it uses chlorine dioxide D0-EOP-D1

three-stage bleaching technology to replace existing C-E-H-P few chlorine bleaching technology in the project, which can reduce pollutants generation from source effectively, and thus ensure the safe discharge of pollutants and can further reduce impact on surface water environment.

Analysis on preventive measures for ground water pollution of the Project The vadose zone where the project site locates has a high pollution prevention capability. The site belongs to basaltic geologic strata of Mountain Emei (P2β) with less ground water. The ground water is basalt pore and fracture water, with features of less quantity and slow mobility. The shallowest underground burial depth is 10 m. The ground water flows toward to the west and discharge into Dadu River.

The project is to be constructed within existing factory boundary and is to strengthen and rebuild existing seepage proofing facilities during the construction

process. It is to apply seepage proofing measures on all pools, pulp towers,

wastewater stations, water channels and pipelines that may leak, and is to consolidate the seepage proofing of swerve, bear and insert parts, joints of pipelines and pools. Meanwhile, it records concealed project. It can prevent ground water pollution effectively. It is feasible to prevent ground water pollution accident through applying above seepage prevention measures.

39

6.3 Flue gas preventive measures during project operation period Type of flue gas and treatment measures

Since the technical reconstruction of this project does not include the main waste gas, i.e. boiler flue gas and alkali furnace burning gas, produced and discharged by pulp and papermaking enterprises, the waste gas produced and discharged in this project are cooking odor, washing, screening and bleaching waste gas, tail gas generated by chlorine dioxide preparation, and flue gas containing sulfur compound unorganized discharged during pulping process.

See following table for the generation and emission of organized waste gas in the project.

Table 69: Waste gas generation and discharge of various workshops within the range of technical reconstruction

Worksho

p

Source of

waste gas and

name

Main pollutants Main management measures Pollutant discharge

Pulping

workshopDust

produced by

prepared

material

screening

Small amount of

dust produced

when screening

bamboo chips

Discharge after dust removal by

washing.

Amount of the

waste gas: 500m3/h

TSP：120mg/m3

Safe discharge

through an exhaust

funnel of 15m high.

Cooking odor Small amount of

organic and

inorganic

compound

containing sulfur

produced during

cooking process

Install gas trap cover to collect

waste gas discharged from system,

and send to washing tower for

washing and clarifying, and then

discharge through 15 m of exhaust

pipe after cooling down.

Waste gas collection efficiency ＞98%

Washing and clarifying efficiency

≥90%；

Amount of the

waste gas:

1500m3/h

Safe discharge

through an exhaust

funnel of 30m high.

40

Waste gas

produced by

washing,

screening and

bleaching

process

Small amount of

odor produced in

bleaching and

screening

process.

Install gas trap cover to collect

waste gas discharged from system,

and send to washing tower for

washing and clarifying, and then

discharge through 15 m of exhaust

pipe after cooling down.

Waste gas collection efficiency ＞90%，Washing and clarifying efficiency

≥90%；

Amount of the

waste gas:

2000m3/h

Safe discharge

through an exhaust

funnel of 30m high.

Chlorine

dioxide

workshop

Tail gas

produced in

absorption

tower

Amount of flue

gas: 500m3/h

The main

pollutants are few

ClO2 and

methanol.

The tail gas produced in absorbing

tower shall be discharged an

exhaust funnel of 30m high after

being absorbed by water in cooling

tank of steam ejection pump.

Amount of the flue

gas: 2000m3/h

Safe discharge

through an exhaust

funnel of 30m high.

Note: wasted gases produced in pulping workshop are discharged freely before reconstruction.

Table 70: Waste gas generation and discharge of other workshops outside the

range of technical reconstruction Name

of the

unit

Source of

waste gas

and name

fuelMain management

measuresPollutant discharge

Boiler

1 50t/h

coal boiler

of

circulating

fluid bed

Coal

Heat value

3500kcal/kg,

Sulfur content

0.35%

Use limestone to remove

sulfur inside furnace, four

electric-field dust removal

technology to remove dust

and low NOx combustion

technology.

Dust removal efficiency

≥99.8%、Desulfuration efficiency

≥60%

Amount of the flue

gas: 77,600 m3/h

SO2：335.3 mg/m3

Dust: 82.8mg/m3

Discharge by a

an exhaust

funnel of 80m

high.

Amount of

pollutants being

discharged:

SO2：259.1t/a

Dust: 94.8t/a

NOx：644t/a

Alkali

furnac

e

225tds/d

flue gas of

combustio

n furnace

Burning material:

55% black liquor

Apply four electric-field dust

removal technology

Dust removal efficiency

≥99.8%

Amount of the flue

gas: 54,000 m3/h

Fume dust: 96

mg/m3

SO2：106 mg/m3

Standard as stipulated in time period

II in Category II of Emission Standard

of Air Pollutants for Coal-Burning Oil-

Burning Gas-Fired Boiler

SO2：900 mg/m3; fume dust: 200mg/m3

41

Secondary standard as stipulated in

Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for

Industrial Kiln And Furnace

SO2：850mg/m3; fume dust: 200mg/m3

It shall be noted that the steam consumption of the whole factory is to be reduced by 17.9 t/h after project implementation. Meanwhile, it can reduce SO2 and other pollutions emission obviously.

Generation and discharge of unorganized waste gas and set for sanitary protection distance:

The newly built waste gas collection and treatment systems in pulping workshop are both used for treating odor produced during pulping process. While these gas are discharged freely before technical reconstruction. Therefore, waste gas discharge of the whole factory is to be reduced greatly after project implementation, which can reduce more than 90% of odor emission and alleviate impact on air environment within short range. However, there is no dimension for odor concentration in related environmental protection standard, and it is hard to forecast and analyze quantitatively. Therefore, it still uses the sanitation protection distance as approved by Sichuan Environmental Protection Office

(Chuanhuanshenpi [2010] No. 479) in this assessment: i.e. remain “a sanitation protection distance of 100m centering around cooking workshop, black liquor concentration unit, chemical workshop”; in terms of wastewater station, remain “a sanitation protection distance of 100m centering around aeration pool, sludge concentration and pressing workshops of the wastewater station”. There is no resident within the range and it is not necessary to relocate.

.

Illustration on waste gas management measures

1 ） the blowing temperature reduces greatly after applying new cooking

technology and it does not produce too much cooking odor (including reduction S) and washing, screening and bleaching waste gas. Spraying and washing is also an effective way to dispose waste gases, which can reduce free flue gas discharge at the greatest extent. The waste gas which meet the emission standard is discharged from the 15m exhaust . It is feasible to apply these measures.

2）The added pulping waste gas collection and treatment system in this project

shall treat most of the odor discharged freely and then achieve safe discharge in an organized way, which can reduce air environment impact at short distance.

3) The ongoing alkali and coal boiler will construct the stripping device, in which the cold air pollution will be re-sent to make the recovery boiler burning odor.

42

It is feasible to reduce the fugitive emissions of odor gas4). After the project of ongoing alkali and coal boiler, the emission gas of alkali

and coal boiler will exhaust by a pipe of 80m after control/treatment individually. The outlet of emission gas will Install a On-line monitoring device, in which the

temperature,flow,soot, SO2、NOx will be moiontored.

Therefore, it is feasible to apply pulping waste gas management measures in the project.

6.4 Measures on solid waste prevention and management during

operation period and illustrations of them. It does not produce hazardous waste in the project. There is no change on main

solid waste (white mud, ash residues, lime residues, sludge produced in wastewater treatment station) produced by enterprise after implementing the project, and the disposal method also remains the same. Since it can achieve comprehensive utilization and non-hazardous disposal of solid wastes, it is feasible to apply above measures.

It is necessary to clarify that all of sludge of mill, including sludge from Sewage treatment plant and Industrial solid waste is sent to city fill-land. It is approved by the document of Sichuan Environmental Approval [2010] NO. 479.

6.5 Noise preventive measures during the operation period and

illustration of it. After the implementation of project, there will no big change on noise sources

and noise preventive measures. According to onsite morning at normal operation conditions of enterprise, it does not exceed standard within factory boundary. It is feasible to apply these measures.

6.6 Pollution prevention measures of equipment removal during

technically improvement

Technically improvement will be carried out on the existing land of enterprise, and there will be no change on the original land use function. The mainly wastes production during the removal of equipment and workshop are construction waste, spherical digesters, metal and cement, pipeline, wood waste, etc. No electric transformer and distribution facilities or hazardous waste is involved in the removal process. The chlorine cylinder must be completely and totally recovered by qualified institutions. In addition, the eliminated pulping equipments like spherical digesters

43

should be all abandoned and never be sold to other pulping factories. Therefore, there will be no secondary environmental pollution caused by equipment removal within the project, meet the requirements of “notification on improve the preventive measures on environmental pollution during enterprise relocation” (State Environmental Protection Administration [2004] No. 47).

6.7 Summary of Environmental Protection Measures

See table 65 for environmental protection measures and investment summary.

It includes the three wastes and noise management measures during operation period, environmental protection measures and risk preventive measures during construction period, which covers all environmental protection requirements of the project in table 71.

According to this environmental assessment, it is estimated to need an investment of RMB 1 million on environmental protection. The construction party must prepare enough funds for environmental protection facilities to ensure the fully implementation of above measures.

Table 71: Environmental Protection Measures and Investment of the Project

Time period Category Management measures

Amount of

investment (Unit:

10,000 Yuan)

Operation

period

Waste

gas

Dust produced

by prepared

material

screening

Safety discharge through an exhaust funnel of 15m

high after washing in the washing tower.5

Cooking odor

Collect odor produced when cooking and blowing

and send to washing and spraying tower for

washing, then safe discharge by an exhaust funnel

of 30m high.

10

Waste gas

produced by

washing,

screening and

bleaching

process

Install waste gas collector at black liquor, knot

removal of digested pulp, vibrating screen,

oxidation removal blowing, vacuum pulp washing

machine and concentration machine and various

waste gas outlets at washing, screening and

bleaching processes. Send the gases to washing

tower for washing and then safe discharge by an

exhaust funnel of 30m high.

15

44

Tail gas

produced in

absorption

tower for

chlorine dioxide

preparation

Being absorbed by water in cooling tank of steam

ejection pump first and then discharged by 30 m of

pipe.

Include in main

investment

Free discharge of

industrial waste

gas

Set a sanitation protection distance of 100 m

centering around cooking workshop, evaporation

concentration unit for alkali recovery and chemical

workshop; set a sanitation protection distance of

100 m centering around aeration pool, sludge

concentration and pressing workshop of the

wastewater treatment station in the factory.

/

Waste

water Black liquor

Send to alkali recovery unit. Apply “evaporation

concentration + burning + causticization” technology

to reduce pollutants from source.

Include in other

project investment

Bleaching waste

water,

prepared

material waste

water, cooling

water produced

by chlorine

dioxide

preparation

Construct “crude residue filtration by inclined screen

→ inclined-plate sedimentation tank” in preparation

process to treat washing water of bamboo chips,

reuse most of the washing water after flocculation

clarification and purification. Only a small amount of

it shall be sent to wastewater treatment station for

disposal (i.e. preparation waste water).

Include in main

investment

Send to wastewater treatment station for disposal

with cooling water with light pollution produced by

cooking for alkali recovery, sanitary sewage and all

wastewater discharged out of the factory. The tail

water can meet requirements as stated in table 2 of

Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Paper

Industry (GB3544 - 2008), which shall be

discharged to Dadu River through pipelines; about

20% of the tail water shall be reused in preparation

and other processes.

Include the

reconstruction of

wastewater

treatment station

into other project

investment

Improve the existing anaerobic facilities of the

wastewater treatment station, increase the removal

rate of pollutants in biochemical treatment system,

and reduce the treatment load of advanced

treatment units of the Station.

20

45

Utilize the surplus capacity of adjustment pool of wastewater treatment station to collect accidental water; further strengthen and rebuild existing seepage prevention facilities during the technical reconstruction. Apply seepage proofing measures on all pools, pulp towers, waste water treatment station, water channel and pipelines that may leak, and consolidate the seepage proofing of swerve, bear and insert parts, joints of pipelines and pools. Make record for concealed project. It can prevent ground water pollution effectively. It is feasible to prevent ground water pollution accident through applying above measure

20

Invest in preventive

measures on

groundwater in the

construction

process of this

project

Noise

General layout; vibration reduction, sound proofing of compressors;

vibration reduction of indoor fans, sound proofing of workshops;

vibration reduction, sound proofing of pumps.

/

Industrial

solid

waste

White mud and

lime residue

Send to slag field of white mud of enterprise for

landfill

Has been

constructed, use

existing facilities.

Sludge

produced in

wastewater

treatment station

Send out for landfill

Prepared bamboo

residues,

screening pulp

residues

Send to boiler room for burning

Risk prevention

(see table 43 for specific risk

measures and investment)

Store sodium chlorate separately, and strengthen

management measures according to related safe

production requirement.

25

Invest in risk

preventive

measures on

chemical raw

material added in

the project.

Construct liquid alkali storage tank, methanol storage

tank, sulfuric acid storage tank according to related

standard, equip with backup storage tank and

delivery pump for the purpose of transferring to safe

place in time in case of accident.

Construct an accident pool with a capacity of more

than 2500m3 at the wastewater treatment station,

which shall be kept empty at usual days to ensure that

accidental water shall not be discharged into Dadu

river in any form in case of abnormal conditions.

Regional environmental

quality assurance

It requires in the assessment that it must close down

related production units immediately in case of

leaking and other production accidents which result

in exceeding environmental quality standard within

an area, apply related measures and cannot resume

production until the environmental quality of

concerning area meet requirements.

46

Constructio

n

Period

Preventive measures on

construction wastewater,

flying dust and noise

Spray to reduce dust, clean ground dust in time;

construction at night is strictly forbidden, reuse

wastewater after sedimentation and treatment; green

and protect vegetations in time. To earth up and

restore vegetations in time after the construction has

been completed (including pipelines outside the

factory)

10

Total 100

47

7. Cleaner production Analysis Promote cleaner production and implement sustainable development strategy is

the basic guiding principle for economic construction in the country. It is also the basic principle and essential task for industrial pollution prevention. The nature of cleaner production is to apply new process, new technology insistently, transform raw materials into product at the greatest extent through the control of production process and reasonable allocation of resources and energy, eliminate pollution at the production process, and thus achieve the target of energy conservation, consumption reduction, pollution reduction and efficiency increase, and realize harmonized development between economic construction and environmental protection.

It applies technical reconstruction of pulping system on cleaner production as suggested in “Environmental Assessment Report on the Construction of 52,000 t/a Paper Pulp and 57,000 t/a Paper Products Project and Supporting Project”.

7.1 Clean features of the processIt is an upgrade technical reconstruction project for pulping. The pulp and

papermaking technology of Jinfu Company shall reach an advanced level within domestic non-wood pulp and papermaking field after the completion of this project and ongoing energy-saving and technical reconstruction project. The reconstruction include DDS TM substitution cooking technology with low energy consumption, oxygen delignification technology with medium concentration, knot removal system with medium concentration and closed screening technology with medium concentration, chlorine dioxide bleaching technology with medium concentration (D0-EOP-D1 three-stage bleaching technology), chlorine dioxide preparation system in R8 method, medium pressure alkali furnace with low odor, five part/five effect tubesheet evaporation concentration technology, medium pressure boiler of circulating fluidized bed. It can reduce pollutants generation from source, save resources, lower energy consumption and conforms to the requirement on cleaner production.

7.2 Analysis on cleaner production levelSince it applies different raw materials and production technologies for pulping

and papermaking, there is obvious difference in energy consumption, pollution load and pollution emission at end. It issues part of cleaner productions standards by State Environmental Protection Administration according to different raw materials and production processes. At present, those issued cleaner production standards involve bleached soda straw pulp, bleached Kraft Eucalyptus Pulp, unbleached kraft pulp and bleached alkali bagasse pulp, but does not include bleached sulphate bamboo pulp used in this project.

Among those issued cleaner production standards, the requirements as stated in Cleaner production Standard for Bleached Kraft Pulp are the strictest. Therefore, it

1

selects this Standard (HJ/T340-2007) and combines requirements on the reference value of bleached bamboo pulp as stated in Cleaner Production Standard Index System for Pulp & Papermaking (on trial) to analyze the cleaner production level of this project in the assessment. See table 72 for specific indexes.

Table 72: Comparison between cleaner production level of the whole factory and cleaner production standard on bleached kraft pulp after technical

reconstruction

Indexes Level I Level II Level III

The enterprise

assessmentBefore

technical

reconstruction

After technical

reconstruction

I. production process and equipment requirements

1. Feed

preparation

Chipping through dry method, utilize the

washing water circularly.

Dry feed

preparation

Wet feed

preparation,

utilize the

washing water

circularly.

Level I

(Level III)

2. CookingContinuously cooking or batch cooking with low

energy consumption Globe cooking

Batch cooking

with low energy

consumption

Level II

3. Washing Multistage adverse current washingadverse current washing

Adverse

current

washing with

high efficiency

Level I

4. Screening

Enclosed

pressure

screening

Pressure

screening

Improved

traditional

screening

Pressure

screening

Enclosed

pressure

screening

Level I

(Level II)

5. Bleaching

Oxygen delignification,

ECF bleaching, or

TCF bleaching

Oxygen delignification,

ECF bleaching or to multistage bleach with

CIO2 to substitute part

of chlorine

Multistage

bleaching

with ECF

or H2O2

substitute

part of

chlorine

Multistage

bleaching with

H2O2 substitute

part of chlorine

Oxygen delignification, ECF bleaching

Level I

(Level III)

6. Alkali

recovery

Falling film evaporator,

combustion furnace with low

odor, pre-hanging filter, heat and

power cogeneration, turpentine

oil, tall oil recovery.

There are

complete

supporting

facilities

for alkali

recovery

There are

complete

supporting

facilities for

alkali recovery

facilities, which

Falling film

evaporator,

combustion

furnace with

low odor, pre-

hanging filter,

Level I

(Level III)

2

facilities,

which run

normally.

run normally.heat and power

cogeneration

II. Resources and energy utilization indexes

1. water intake,

m3/t air-dry pulp≤50 ≤70 ≤90 78 60.4

Level II

(Level III)

2. Comprehensive

energy

consumption

(outsourced

energy),

Kg standard

coal/t air-dry pulp

≤500 ≤550 ≤650 685 645 Level III

3. Fiber material

(absolute dried)

consumption

(wood and chip

without bark ) t/t

air dry pulp

≤2.25 ≤2.35 ≤2.45 2.35 2.3 Level II

III. Pollutants generation indexes (before end treatment)

1. wastewater

load, m3/t air

dry pulp

≤45 ≤60 ≤8072 68.4

Level II

2.CODCr ， kg/t

air dry pulp

≤55 ≤70 ≤10079.5 70

Level II

3.BOD5 ， kg/t

air dry pulp

≤20 ≤25 ≤3526.5 25

Level II

4.SS ， kg/t air

dry pulp

≤15 ≤20 ≤2525 25

Level III

5.AOX，kg/t air

dry pulp≤1.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.6 2.5 0.8

Level I

(Level III)

IV. Resources comprehensive utilization indexes

1. water

recycling rate,

%

≥85 ≥82 ≥80 80 86

Level I

(Level III)

2. Black liquor

extraction rate,

%

≥99 ≥96 ≥95

95 97

Level II

(Level III)

3. Alkali

recovery rate,

%

≥97 ≥95 ≥92

92 94

Level III

See the following table for cleaner production level and related indexes as stated

3

in the Cleaner Production Standard Index System for Pulp & Papermaking (on trial) before and after technical reconstruction.

Table 73: Comparison between the Project and the Cleaner Production Standard Index System for Pulp & Papermaking (on trial)

Reference value of qualitative assessment index of bleached wood

(bamboo) pulp as stated in Cleaner Production Standard Index System

for Pulp & Papermaking (on trial)

The enterprise

Index of Level

IIndex of Level II Unit

Reference value

of the

assessment

Before

technical

reconstruction

After

technical

reconstruction

(1) Resources

and energy

consumption

index

Water intakeWood

m3/ Adt 90 78 60.4bamboo

Commonly

used fiber

materials

consumption

wood

pulp Absolute

dry t/ Adt

2.35

(wood without

bark)

/ /

bamboo

pulp2.35 2.35 2.3

Comprehensive

energy

consumption

(outsourced

energy),

wood

kgce/ Adt

550 / /

bamboo

pulp650 685 645

(2) production

technology

indicator

Alkali recovery

rate

wood

pulp%

95 / /

bamboo

pulp93 92 94

Heat efficiency of alkali

furnace % 65 63 68

(3) resources

comprehensiv

e utilization

index

White mud

comprehensiv

e utilization

rate

wood

pulp %90 / /

bamboo

pulp60 0 0

Recycling rate of water % 80 80 86Comprehensive

utilization rate of ash

residues produced by

% 100 100 100

Comprehensive

utilization rate of

preparation residues

% 100 100 100

(4) Pollutants Wastewater discharge m3/ Adt 80 78 60.4CODCr discharge kg/Adt 80 79.5 70BOD5 discharge kg/Adt 28 26.5 25SS discharge kg/Adt 35 25 25

It is observed from table 72 and 73 that the cleaner production level of enterprise

4

has improved a lot before and after the technical reconstruction. Comparing with the strictest standard as stated in Cleaner Production Standard on Bleached Kraft Wood Pulp, the production technology and equipment has reached Level I after reconstruction; and has achieved a standard above Level II in resources and energy utilization, pollutants generation and comprehensive resources utilization. In view of applying different raw materials (it can be observed from the quantitative assessment index in Cleaner Production Standard Index System for Pulp & Papermaking that there is a level gap between the cleaner production level of wood pulp and bamboo pulp), the technology applied by the Company shall take the lead within the country after reconstruction. And it can reflect cleaner production principle better in the project.

7.3 Implement the ways and suggestions for cleaner production

furtherIt has reduced energy consumption for production on the basis of existing capacity

to the greatest extent, increased recycling rate of water and reduced wastewater discharge in the Project. However, it shall also develop ways for comprehensive white mud utilization and implement cleaner production further in enterprise.

7.4 Emission of pollutants compared to EHS guidelines

As stated before in chapter 1, the air emission is compared to EHS guidelines in this section.

There are three documents that concerned to World Bank Group “Environmental, Health, and safety” guidelines. The first one is the EHS Guidelines Pulp and Paper Mills, which is used to compare in wastewater control and air emission control for pulp-making. The comparable standard of China is GB16297-1996 which is used for Alkali Recovery Boiler and GB3544-2008 which is used for wastewater discharge. he second one is EHS general guidelines if the total rated heat input capacity less than 50 MWt. The last one is EHS General Guidelines for Power Plants if the total rated heat input capacity more than 50 MWt. The comparable standard of China is GB13271-2001 that it is used for coal boiler less than 60 ton Steam /h. At the same time, the EHS general Guidelines can be used for noise control compared to Chinese standard GB12348-2008.

The main parameters of World Bank Group “Environmental, Health, and safety” guidelines are list from Table 7-3 to Table 7-6 individual.

Table 7-3 Emission of air Pollutants in Table B2 of WGB “EHS” Guidelines Pulp and

5

Paper MillsParameter Type of Mill Units Guideline Value

TSP Kraft,bleached kg/t（AD） 0.5SO2 as S Kraft,bleached kg/t（AD） 0.4NOx as O2 Kraft,bleached kg/t（AD） 2.0 for softwood pulpTRS as S Kraft,bleached kg/t（AD） 0.2

Table 7-4 Emission of air Pollutants in Table 1.1.2 of WGB “EHS” General Guidelines

Solid fuels Index UnitParticulate Matter (PM) 50~150 mg/Nm3

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 2000 mg/Nm3

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) 650 mg/Nm3

Table 7-5Emission of air Pollutants in Table 6 （C）of WBG “EHS” Thermal

Power PlantsSolid Fuels (50<to<600MWth)=NDA Index UnitParticulate Matter (PM) 50 mg/Nm3

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 900~1500 mg/Nm3

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) 510~1100 mg/Nm3

Dry Gas, Excess O2 Content 6 %

Overall, the Chinese Standard in air emission are close to WBG limit. Some indicators are stringent, and somes are relax. It depends to the time of standard release. The newer the more stringent, and the older the more relax.

Table 7-6 Noise Level Guidelines in Table 1.7.1 of WBG “EHS” General Guidelines

Classification Daytime NighttimeTime 07:00-22:00 22:00-07:00Residential; institutional; educational 55 45Industrial; commercial 70 70

In fact, the Chinese standard in noise control is more stringent than that of WBG Guidelines. The Chinese standards have been classified 5 level by the GB12348-2008 in which the limit level come from GB3096-2008 according to the Environmental management goal.

(1) Air emissionsThe main point air emission sources in the mill are the alkali furnace and boiler.

Different standards and guidelines apply to those different sources, as discussed in below.

6

(a) Alkali furnace The alkali furnace air emissions belong to process gases that are different from

steam boilers or power plants. Therefore, the monitored emission values give in Table 7-3 compared to EHS value in Table 7-7

Table 7-7 Alkali Furnace air emissions comparison analysis

Jinfu MillMonitored

before project

Forecast after project

EHS pulp and paper Mills, Annex B, Table 2

Indicator definition Unit Values Values Values Indicator definition

Dust or Particles Kg/ADt 1.31 0.81 0.5TSP (Total Suspended Particles)

Sulfur Dioxide SO2Kg/ADt

0.04 0.90 /

Conversion Sulfur Dioxide SO2 as S

Kg/ADt0.02 0.45 0.4 SO2(as S)

Nitrogen Oxides NOx

Kg/ADt5.22 4.24 1.5 NOx(as NO2)

　 　 0.2TRS(Total Reductive Sulfur,as S)

According to data, the Sulfur Dioxide SO2 is very close to EHS emission guidelines

values in alkali boiler, but the TSP seems slightly surpass the EHS guidelines. The Nitrogen Oxides is higher than that of EHS pulp and paper Mills. It is noted that the EHS guidelines are mostly refer to wood-pulp Kraft process, while this project uses non-wood materials. Due to the different quality of the raw materials and needed chemicals, the comparison is only for reference. The data showed above includes two period of alkali boilers, one is using right now, the other one is newer in project ongoing. The capacity is same before and after project in black liquid treatment.

(b) 50t/h BoilerThe 50t/h boiler is analyzed using EHS for General Guidelines. Domestic

applicable standard is the GB13223-2003. The analysis uses the monitoring data compared to EHS in Table 7-8.

Table 7-8 50t/h boiler air emission comparison analysis

Jinfu MillMonitored

before project

Forecast after project

WB EHS General Guidelines Table 1.1.2 as Soild

Indicator definition Unit Values Values Values Indicator definition

Dust or Particles mg/Nm3 130 83 50~150 Particulate Matter (PM)

7

Sulfur Dioxide SO2 mg/Nm3 700 335 2000 Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

Nitrogen Oxides NOx mg/Nm3 616 616 650 Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

According to data, the EHS emission guidelines values are met.Since the proposed technical upgrade include bleaching and wastewater

treatment, the air emissions won’t change substantially after the project. Based on above analysis, the EHS guidelines can be met in general. Air quality monitoring also shows that air quality monitoring spots present compliance with applicable air quality standards. There is evidence of significant impact resulted from the mill’s air emissions.

Odorous gases are mainly from cooking and wastewater treatment sludge. The cooking facility has been provided with sealing, watering measures that can effectively remove the odor. The new Blenching process will help reduce wastewater as well as sludge production and odor. The odor impacts are considered small.

(2) NoiseApplicable domestic acoustic standards include GB12348-2008 and GB3096-

2008. The EHS General Guidelines is taken for analysis. According to the noise monitoring conducted during EA stage, the noise level at the mill boundary and noise sensitive receptors meet the domestic nation standards, and is within 10% below or above the EHS Guidelines values. Therefore, it is considered the EHS Guidelines are met in general. the monitoring data are in Table 7-9

Table 7-9 Noise level comparison analysis

Parameters GB12348-2008WB General Guidelines Table

1.7.1Period Daytime Nighttime Daytime NighttimeTime 06:00-22:00 22:00-06:00 07:00-22:00 22:00-07:00

Level 1 =Residential, Education, Cultural

55 4555 45

Monitoring Values 57.0~59.8 46.2~49.7

(3) Wastewater Converted the monitored data and compared with EHS in table 7-10.Table 7-10 Wastewater discharge of EHS compared to GB3544-2008, Integrated

StandardLimit

IndicatorUnits

Monitored before project

GB3544-2008Non-wood

Forecast after

project

World Bank EHS Guidelines Non-

woodWastewater discharge

t/Adt 72.0 54.0 53.6 50

8

pH 6.5~8.5 6~9 6.5～8.5 6~9

TSSkg/Adt

2.52 1.62 1.61 2

CODcrkg/Adt

10.16 4.86 4.83 30

BOD5kg/Adt

2.16 1.08 1.07 2

TNkg/Adt

0.86 0.648 0.64 0.5

TPkg/Adt

0.07 0.036 0.043 0.05

NH3-Nkg/Adt

0.72 0.432 0.43 /

50 50 50

The data shows that most of monitored and forecast results meet the requirements of WGB “EHS” Guidelines Pulp and Paper Mills, except the total wastewater flow and nitrogen (TN) seems slightly larger than that of EHS guidelines.

9

8. Safe discharge and total quantity control of the

Project

8.1 Analysis on Safe Discharge of the Project Current Emission Standard

In the project, it applies emission standard on discharged wastewater as stated in table 2 Emission Standard for Joint Venture of Pulp & Paper-making in Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Pulp and Paper Industry (GB3544-2008); time period II standard in Category II on boiler flue gas as stated in Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Boilers (GB 13271-2001); standard of level II on alkali furnace flue gas as stated in Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Industrial Kiln and Furnace (GB9078-1996). See the following table for details.

Table 75: Standard on discharged wastewater of the Project (B3544-2008)Unit: mg/L

Discharge

standard

Water

dischar

ge

pH CODCr BOD5 SS

Amm

onia

nitrog

en

Total

Phosp

hor

Total

nitro

gen

Chrom

a AOX

GB3544-

2008≤60 6~9 ≤90 ≤20 ≤30 ≤8 ≤0.8 ≤12 ≤50 倍 ≤12

Note: at above standards, t here is no dimensions for pH, the unit of water discharge is t/t of product

(pulp).

Table 76: Table 8-2: Standard on Boiler Flue Gas Discharge in the ProjectDischarge standard and

No. of itPollution factor

Discharge

parameters Unit

Discharge

Threshold

Standard of Time period II in

2001

Flying dust Discharge

Concentratio

mg/Nm3 200

SO2

Discharge

Concentratio

n

mg/Nm3 900

Table 77 Standard on alkali flue gas discharge of the Project Discharge standard and

No. of it

Pollution

factor

Discharge

Parameters

Unit Discharge

ThreshholdLevel II Standard in GB9078-

1996

Flying dust Discharge

Concentration

mg/Nm3 200

SO2

Discharge

Concentrationmg/Nm3 850

Related requirements and indexes as stated in “Environment, Safety and Health Guidelines” of the World Bank Group The project targets at non-wood pulp papermaking enterprises. See the following table for pollutants discharge standard as required by “Environment, Safety and

10

Health Guidelines” of the World Bank Group.

Table 78: Discharge Standard as required in “Environment, Safety and Health Guidelines” of the World Bank Group

Guiding rules for wastewater management of pulp & papermaking factory in Table B1 (1): fiber preparation, non-wood fiber

Parameter

sUnit

Guiding

rules

Domestic

Standard

Discharge of this

Project

Flow a m3/t（AD） 5060（absolute

dry pulp） 54（Air dry pulp）pH / 6～9 6~9 6~9

TSS kg/t（AD） 2.0 1.8 1.62COD kg/t（AD） 30 5.4 4.68BOD5 kg/t（AD） 2.0 1.2 1.08

Total

nitrogenkg/t（AD） 0.5 0.72 0.65

Total

phosphorkg/t（AD） 0.05 0.05 0.045

Refer table

B1(1)AOX kg/t（AD） / 0.75 0.675

Above table shows that, in addition to the total nitrogen, the Chinese standards are all stricter than the requirement of World Bank. Compared with pulp standards in EHS,. This project wastewater discharges into the Dadu River which the flow is 400m3/s in dry season and the diameter ratio is 0.023%. Hence, it has little impact when the enterprise waste water discharged after satisfying the total nitrogen standard.

Analysis on Safe Discharge of Enterprise According to project analysis in Chapter 2 and measures illustration in Chapter

6, the main pollutants discharge and disposal of Jinfu Company before and after technical reconstruction are as follows.

11

Table 79: Generation and predicted discharge of main pollutants of enterprise

Type Source (No.) Name of pollutants Concentration before disposal and

amount (unit)Discharge Concentration and

amount (unit)

Air pollutants

G1Coal-fire boiler and alkali recovery furnace (it does not include in this

project)

Unit mg/Nm3 kg/h t/a mg/Nm3 kg/h t/a

Flue gas discharge

13.2 万 Nm3/h（107712 万 Nm3/a）SO2

106~335.3 31.75 259.1 240.5 31.75 259.1

Nitric oxide 616.3 81.4 664 616.3 81.4 664

Flying dust 41~47g/

m3 5810 47400 90 11.6 94.8

G2Flying dust produced by feed

preparation screening

Discharge by exhaust funnel of 15 m high after dust absorbing treatment in washing tower. Discharged waste gas: 500m3/h, TSP Discharge Concentration is 120mg/m3.

G3 Cooking odor

Apply super displacement cooking and cold blow technology with low energy consumption, which suppresses odor; install gas trap cover to collect waste gas discharged from system, and send to washing tower for washing and clarifying, and then discharge safely. Waste gas collection efficiency ＞98%; Washing and clarifying efficiency ≥90%; discharged waste gas: 1500m3/h; height of exhaust funnel: 30m.

G4Washing, screening and bleaching

waste gas

Install gas trap cover to collect waste gas discharged from system, and send to washing tower for washing and clarifying, and then discharge safely. Waste gas collection efficiency ＞ 90%; Washing and clarifying efficiency ≥90%; height of exhaust funnel: 30m.

G5 Chlorine dioxide preparation: tail gas of absorption tower

Amount of waste gas: 500m3/h, main component: CO2 and water vapor, small amount of ClO2 and methanol. The cooling water shall be discharged safely by exhaust funnel of 30 m high after being sprayed and absorbed.

Water pollutants

W1 Black liquor Amount of waste liquor: 2011t/d, send for alkali recovery, do not discharge.

W2White water of papermaking

workshop (it does not include in this project)

Amount of waste water: 6194t/d, most of the waster shall be reused after disposal, about 764t/d shall be sent to wastewater treatment station for disposal.

W3

Comprehensive waste water (including bleaching wastewater, prepation wastewater, cooling water discharged after spraying and cooking from chlorine dioxide workshop, white water that cannot be reused, sanitary sewage, discharge water from desalted water station )

Q＝11017 m3/d（3,746,000m3/a）2250m3/d shall be reused for washing bamboo chips and in other processes

after treatment.

Q＝8200m3/d（278.8 万 m3/a）

Indicator mg/l t/a mg/l t/aCODcr 500 1873 90 250.9

BOD5 200 750 20 55.8

Ammonia nitrogen 20 75 8 22.3

SS 125 470 30 83.6

Solid waste

S1Bamboo chips when preparing feed

Feed preparation process

t/a 5720 Boiler combustion

S2 Knot residues when removing knot Washing,

screening and

bleaching process

t/a 1600 Returned for cooking

S3 Screening residues Washing,

screening and bleaching process

t/a 1060 Boiler combustion

S4 sludgeWaste water

treatment station t/a 2000 Deliver for landfill

NoiseMain noise source in this project is pump, pulp machine, air compressor, vacuum pump etc. The noise intensity is about 80

～ 95 db. There is no obvious change in noise intensity before and after the technical reconstruction. The construction

12

Type Source (No.) Name of pollutants Concentration before disposal and

amount (unit)Discharge Concentration and

amount (unit)included in the reconstruction locates in the middle of the factory. Noise at boundary shall meet the requirement on noise

threshold of industrial enterprises of “Category 2 of sound environment functional area outside the boundary” as stated in

Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises noise at Boundary (GB12348-2008).

It is observed from above table that it has achieved safe discharge in enterprise.

According to comparative analysis on standard as stated in table 70 and domestic standard, the discharge thresholds applied in the country by enterprise is stricter than those required in “Guidelines” except water discharge per ton of product and total nitrogen. In addition, the water discharge per ton of product required in the “Guidelines” does not include cooling water and other clean sewage. While it include all types of water discharged by enterprise in domestic discharge standard. Therefore, the thresholds required by two standards are about the same in terms of discharged water per ton of product.

In conclusion, the discharge standard applied by Jinfu Company on pollutants after project implementation is stricter than that required in “Environment, Safety and Health Guidelines” of the World Bank Group, which has less pollution impact on external environment.

8.2 Plan for Total Amount Control of EnterpriseAnalysis on Total Amount Control for Pollutants Discharge after Project Implementation

See table 80 for total pollutants discharge when achieving safe discharge in project.

Table 80: Main Pollutants Discharge of Jinfu Company after Project Implementation

indexTotal pollutants

dischargeRemark

Wastewater COD 250.9t/a Pollutants

discharge of this

projectNH3-N 22.3t/a

Waste gas

Dust 0.5t/a

SO2 259.1t/a Pollutants

discharge of

ongoing project of

enterprise

Fume 94.8t/a

NOx 644t/a

Index source of total pollutants of enterpriseIt has defined index for total amount of pollutants by local environmental

protection authority in previous environmental assessment. It shall apply measures to

13

reduce emission further after implementing the technical reconstruction. The pollutants discharge of the Company has been controlled within the index range of total pollutants required by local environmental protection authority except nitric oxide. Nitric oxide is a kind of pollutants newly added in “the 12th Five-Year Plan” that should be controlled in total amount. The total amount index of it can be regulated by local environmental protection authority directly. In conclusion, it has regulated total amount index for the enterprise by local environmental protection authority. Therefore, the project meets requirement on total amount control.

14

9．Environmental Risk AssessmentIt aims at, through environmental risk assessment, analyzing and predicting

potential danger, adverse factor, sudden incident or accident that may happen during project construction and operation (it does not include artificial damages and natural

disasters generally) ， abnormal situations that may lead to leakage of toxic,

hazardous, inflammable and explosive substances, proposing reasonable and feasible prevention, emergency and alleviating measures to control accident rate, damage and environmental impact within acceptable level. It focuses on the impact of accident on environment outside the boundary in environmental risk assessment.

9.1 Identification for Major Hazard Sources Jinfu Company has passed environmental acceptance check. Corresponding risk

prevention measures have been applied for processes using hazardous chemical like liquid chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, liquid alkali storage, bleaching, alkali recovery, and sewage treatment, such as deploying stand-by storage tank, building coffer and emergency pool for wastewater accident. Emergency response plan has been established for accident, strict operation procedures and emergency running program.

Chlorine gas (highly toxic) is not to be used any more after technical reconstruction. A major danger source, liquid chlorine reservoir, is to be eliminated, and environmental risk is thus to be reduced. The following chemicals shall be used after technical reconstruction: 1% of chlorine dioxide solution, sodium chlorate, methanol, liquid caustic soda, vitriol and hydrogen peroxide. 1% of chlorine dioxide solution, sodium chlorate, methanol, and vitriol are firstly applied in the project, which are not highly toxic and does not have major danger.

9.2 Features of major industrial chemicals used in the project

It shall not use chlorine gas, which is highly toxic, any more after technical reconstruction.

1）Caustic soda (NaOH): white opaque solid, easy deliquescent with a melting

point of 318.4 , boiling point of 1390 , water soluble, a strong base.℃ ℃

2）Sodium sulfide (Na2S): colorless or yellow crystal particle. Industrial product

is red brown or brownish red bulk with a melting point of 1180 , water soluble, a℃ strong base.

3 ） chlorine dioxide: reddish yellow gas with strong irritating odor, with a

15

portion of 3.09 g/l (11 ), melting point of -59.5 , boiling point of 9.9 (at a℃ ℃ ℃ pressure of 731mmHg), condensate into reddish brown liquid at 11 , orange red℃ crystal at -59 , explosive when exceeding a volume concentration of 10% in air, but℃ non-dangerous in water solution. The World Health Organization (WHO) and World Food Organization (FAO) have listed chlorine dioxide as a highly efficient safe disinfectant in Category A1. Chlorine dioxide has been widely applied in advanced European and American countries to replace chlorine gas for drinking water infection in order to control “three kinds of substances (substances leads to carcinogenesis, teratogenesis and mutagenesis)”.

4）sodium chlorate: colorless and odorless crystal, salty and cold, deliquescent

with a melting point of 248~261℃, water soluble, sparingly soluble in ethanol.

LD50 ： 1200 mg/kg (oral intake of rats); sodium chlorate is a strong oxidant,

explosive when being heated strongly or contacting with strong acid.

5 ） Methanol: molecular formula: CH3OH, molecular weight: 32.04. It is

colorless, transparent, easy volatile and flammable liquid at normal temperature and pressure, with a melting point of -93.9 and boiling point of 65℃ ℃, a flashing point of 8℃, a relative density of 0.7914(20/4℃), slight alcoholic odor, can mix with water and various organic solvent; toxic and can lead to blind, death after drinking, which is strictly forbidden to drink; LD50 (oral intake of rats) 5628 mg /kg, LC50 82776mg/kg, four hours (intake); flammable, it can form explosive compound by mixing its steam with air.

6) vitriol: colorless, odorless and transparent oily liquid, can mix with water, with a molecular weight of 98, melting point of 10.5 , boiling point of 330 ,℃ ℃ relative density of 1.83 (water = 1), 3.4 (air = 1), saturated steam pressure of 0.13Kpa, LD50 2140mg/kg (oral intake of rats), LC50 510mg/kg, 2 hours (oral intake of rats).

9.3 Identification of the Maximum Credible Accident and

Environmental Risk AnalysisAs a precondition for safe discharge of wastewater after treatment, the black

liquor is sent for alkali recovery. Whether the black liquor storage, collection and transport system is perfect or not impacts the quality of integrated wastewater. If the black liquor storage tank and cooking liquor used in this project becomes flooding or leak, black liquor and cooking liquor will enter the integrated water, thus lead to risk accidents of wastewater deterioration in wastewater station, wastewater treatment efficiency reduction, and unsafe discharge of wastewater into environment.

Therefore, main risk accidents of this project shows as leakage of cooking liquor and black liquor storage tank in cooking process, which lead to quality deterioration of wastewater entering into the wastewater treatment station, thus

16

produce environmental pollution due to unqualified wastewater treatment.

9.4 Prevention measures on environmental risk

According to accidental burst, ooze, drip, leak that may happen in production and construction items of the Project, it requires enterprise to construct emergency storage devices (containers) at storage tank area of cooking process, such as storage tank or storage pool, and built curb and collection system around storage tank. In case of tank damage, materials contained in tank should be transferred into emergency tank in time, and pump leaked materials into standby storage tank.

Check automatic control instruments and system periodically to assure normal operation of system.

Prevention measures on environmental risks applied by enterprise in production process, storage and usage of hazardous chemicals.

Table 83: Prevention measures on risk accidents of the Project

No. Risk prevention measuresInvestment (Unit:

10,000 Yuan)

1 Construct sodium chlorate warehouse, strengthen management measures according to related safety production requirements

5(New construction)

2Install monitoring, detection, alarming, interlocking and other instruments in processing equipment and pipes using toxic and hazardous substances.

3(Reconstruct

existing facilities)

3Establish safety production system, emergency response plan and practice periodically.

Established already

4Deploy personal protective equipment: deploy gas mask at processes using toxic and hazardous substances.

2(New Investment )

5Coffer and curb: build coffer, curb and collection pump for leaking materials around storage tanks of liquid caustic soda, vitriol, chlorine dioxide, methanol.

2 (New construction)

6Standby tank: standby for storage of liquid caustic soda, vitriol, chlorine dioxide, methanol, black liquor.

10 (New construction)

7Install water spraying system above methanol storage tank to cool at summer.

1 (New construction)

8Install water spraying system for accident above chlorine dioxide preparation system.

1 (New construction)

9Equip with accident blow-pit for reactor of chlorine dioxide preparation system.

0.5 (New construction)

10Build trench and accidental leakage intercepting system around chlorine dioxide workshop.

0.5 (New construction)

11Construct an accident pool with a capacity more than 2500m3, which shall be kept empty at usual to ensure accidental wastewater not discharge into Dadu River in any form at abnormal conditions.

20 (New construction)

17

Total 45

9.5 Emergency plan for risk accident

Regardless of how careful the prevention is, it is hard to eliminate risk accident. It aims, through establishing emergency plan for risk accident, to reduce accidental losses to the minimum rapidly and effectively. The emergency plan follows the following principles.

1) Set up special safety mechanism, establish strict safety regulations for operation and strengthen safety supervision and management;

2) Equip with necessary disaster protective equipment; 3) Establish interlock protection process to stop production or dose control and

automatic alarm in case of emergency in production system; 4) Establish rescue organization, team and contact. Provide job training and

exercise periodically, establish learning manual, report, record and assessment for emergency response;

5) Establish regional disaster prevention and rescue plan, strengthen contact with local government, fire protection, environmental protection and medical assistance authorities in order to rescue in time in case of risk accident;

6) In case of major, catastrophic air or water body pollution, the pollution to ambient environment (including ambient air quality and Dadu River) and recovery status is to be monitored through the coordination between enterprise and municipal, district environmental monitoring stations. Pollution trend and pollution range are to be traced and monitored; monitoring data is to be reported to the command for emergency rescue and superior environmental monitoring center. See table 84 for environmental monitoring plan for emergency accident.

Table 84: Emergency Environmental Monitoring Plan

Type

Monitoring sites Monitoring itemsMonitoring

frequency Location Direction ClO2 leakage Black liquor leakage

Ambient

air

At boundary NW and SE boundary

ClO2 / 1/hour

Residents

around the

boundary

N、NW、S，~100m

Changzhen,

Fulu townN、4.0km

The Central

School of

Niushizhen

W、0.40km

Changzhen,

Tongci S、4.5km

Niushi Town W、0.4km

18

Surface

water

Fulu Town

500m distance at

downstream of project

sewage discharge

outlet /

S

S、CODcr、BOD5,

ammonia nitrogen,

chroma

1/1hourShawan

Power

Station

10km distance at

downstream of project

sewage discharge

outlet Note: except above fixed monitoring point, increase an air monitoring point at the closest household

(resident) at downwind when accident happens. Monitoring factors are to be determined according to

the type of accident.

9.6 Conclusion of Risk Assessment

In conclusion, liquid chlorine gas is not to be used any more after project implementation. The hidden environmental risk of enterprise is to be decreased greatly, and risk accident impact to be reduced by eliminating this major danger source. Main risk accidents of this project shows as leakage of cooking liquor and black liquor storage tank in cooking process, which leads to environmental pollution. Therefore, build coffer, curb and collecting pump for leakage materials around storage tank to minimize leakage accident risk. Meanwhile, strengthen management and establish emergency treatment mechanism. The environmental risk prevention measures of project are valid by applying above safety measures.

In short, there are environmental risks, but chemicals used after technical reconstruction is less danger than liquid chlorine used before, which reduces hidden environmental risks of enterprise fundamentally. The risk control measures applied in project are reliable, environmental risks are acceptable and it is feasible to implement the Project in terms of environmental risk management.

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10 Economic Cost-benefit of Environmental Impact

10.1 Economic Benefit Analysis The product scale of the project is 52 thousand tons of pulp annually with the

total investment of 94931.8 thousand RMB. The project will bring good economic benefit, and refer to table 10-1 for the main economic indicators.

Table 85: Main economic indicators of projectNo. Item Unit Amount Note

1 Total investment 10 Thousand RMB 94931.8

thousand 2 Average annual revenue 10 Thousand RMB

260000 Thousand RMB

3 Average annual cost 10 Thousand RMB 219700 Thousand RMB

4 Total annual profit 10 Thousand RMB 40300 Thousand RMB

5 Annual profit after tax 10 Thousand RMB 2652 Thousand RMB

6 Annual tax 10 Thousand RMB13780

Thousand RMB7 Return on investment % 10.2%

8 profit and tax investment ratio

% 15.5%

9period for recovery of

investmentYear 9.5

Construction period

excluded10 Ratio of investment to output % 16.12%

It can be seen from the above table that the ratio of investment to output is 16.12, indicating good financial position of the project. Meanwhile, enterprise is able to invest sufficient fund in pollution treatment and resource recycling, thus the project will bring notable positive effect in terms of economy. Energy benefit of the project is not significant, mainly reflects in the “energy saving technology projects”.

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10.2 Social Benefit Analysis1) The operation of this project has no adverse impact on local social environment,

lives of local people and all types of activities.2) The project can contribute tax of 13780 thousand RMB each year, which will

play its due role in local economic development. In addition, the project will add hundreds of jobs and will be helpful to the stability of social order.

3) The project leads the development of related industries, particularly it will accelerate the local and adjacent farmers becoming rich through planting bamboo, increase local financial revenue, advancing local economic development and improve people’s living standard.

4) The project will also increase percentage of forest cover by planting bamboos on barren mountains and land, shrub-land and non-forest land, thus to play active role in reducing surface runoff, conserving water sources and treating water and soil loss

10.3 Cost-benefit Analysis

Investment in environmental protection The total investment of the project is 94931.8 thousand RMB with 1000

thousand RMB invested in environmental protection, accounting for 1% of total investment. Thus the investment is able to meet the demand for fund of environmental protection.

Losses caused by project construction The impacts of this project on environment are mainly from waste gas, waste

water, solid water and noise, etc generated by the project. In order to eliminate the impact, 1000 thousand RMB is needed accordingly. In addition, another 500 thousand RMB is needed annually for the operation of environmental measures.

Economic cost-benefit analysis on project’s environmental impact This project will bring good social and economic benefit, as well as localized and

small loss to environment, and part environmental losses are compensable. In conclusion, this project is feasible in terms of environmental cost-benefit, taking into consideration of environment, society and economy.

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11 Public Participation

11.1 Purpose and Role Any project will bring good or adverse impact on ambient natural and social

environment from its plan, design, construction to operation, and directly or indirectly influence the living, work, study, rest and entertainment of local people. These people are direct or indirect beneficiaries or sufferers of the project, thus their participation will compliment potential leaks or neglects in environmental evaluation, and their suggestions and ideas will make project plan and design more complete and reasonable, make environmental protection measures more realistic, and eventually make project bring more environmental, social and economic benefits.

More people will understand the significance of proposed project and environmental problems through public participation, and to gain public support and understanding, while will be also helpful to the success of project. Moreover, public participation will promote public environmental awareness, actively participation in environmental protection.

11.2 Methods and Principles The public participation will conducted in accordance with relevant requirements

in “Notice on Printing and Issuing of Temporary Measures of the Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment” Huan Fa [2006] No.28 issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration. The public participation survey uses the types of issuing survey forms and organizing public opinion investigating meetings (refer to annex XXX), as well as publishing information concerning this project to public on internet.

The surveys follow the principles of combing representativeness and randomness.

22

Representativeness means that the respondents are from everywhere with certain percentage. While randomness means that the selection of respondents shall have the characteristic of random sampling in statistics. Respondents are selected from people of fixed sample types. The selection of respondents shall be equal opportunity for all and fair, without the personal subjective ideas of investigator.

The information is published on http://www.shawan.gov.cn/ for two times, the first time for publishing is from May 10th to 26th 2011, and the second time for published is from May 28th to June 15th 2011. In addition, the assessment will be publicized from September 8, 2011 with the official version of the EIA report

The design of survey forms firstly selects the most concerned issues as survey content. And secondly in order to save the time of respondents I writing and convenient statistics, the questions are mainly choice questions, which respondents need to tick “√”. Refer to table 86 for sample of survey forms.

In addition, during the project environmental evaluation period and when environmental evaluation was basically finished, Jinfu held two symposiums with surrounding residents on environmental protection in June and September 2011 respectively. The first symposium was held at village committee of Shawan’er with representatives from surrounding residents, enterprise, environmental evaluation agency and member of village committee of Shawan’er. The second symposium was held at the office of Jinfu. At the second symposium, through communication and explanation with surrounding residents, all participants showed support to this project. Refer to annex VI for Attendance sheet and explanation for symposiums.

Table 86: Public participation survey form on environmental protection of project construction

Pulp making system technology upgrading project of Sichuan Jinfu Paper Co., LtdProject summary:This technology upgrading project is conducted in the existing plant of Jinfu located at Tangjiawan, Fulu Town, Leshan city. The pulp and paper making capability of the enterprise will maintain at 52 thousand tons per year after upgrading.The core content of this technology upgrading is to upgrade and renovate current pulp techniques: replacing current pulp-cooking of cooking-ball system with low energy consumption Intermittent Displacement Digester System; replacing current CEHP bleaching system with chlorine dioxide bleaching system and constructing a new oxygen delignification device and a 4t/d chlorine dioxide preparation system.After upgrading, the waste water discharged by the enterprise will be reduced significantly, ensuring that the waste water discharged by the enterprise meet the requirements of national discharge standard entering into practice in July 2011. Meanwhile, the waste gas discharged during pulp making process will also be reduced, reducing the impact of disorganized waste gas on ambient air. In summary, after the conduction, on the basis of realizing discharge meeting the standard, Jinfu will further reduce discharge amount of pollutant, and product energy

23

consumption, which will bring notable environmental positive benefit. In order to understand the requirements, hopes and suggestions of people to this project, make project construction more complete, minimum the potential impact of project construction and bring maximum economic, environmental and social benefits, this public survey is conducted.

Name: occupation: working unit or address: education background:

The attitude of you (the enterprise you serves)to this project

Support □ oppose □ does not matter□The impact of this project on your (the enterprise you serves)Production positive impact□ negative impact□ tolerable negative impact□ no impact□ Living positive impact□ negative impact□ tolerable negative impact□ no impact□Working positive impact□ negative impact□ tolerable negative impact□ no impact□Study positive impact□ negative impact□ tolerable negative impact□ no impact□The impact this project on ambient residentspositive impact□ negative impact□ tolerable negative impact□ no impact□

The impact of this project on local environmentpositive impact□ negative impact□ tolerable negative impact□ no impact□

The impact of this project on local economic developmentpositive impact□ negative impact□ tolerable negative impact□ no impact□

Other opinions and suggestions: including opinions and suggestions on residents relocation (attach another papers if needed)

Note: please tick “√” in □ to show your attitude.

11.3 Survey results The composition of respondents for the survey forms

The respondents for the survey forms are mainly farmers from ambient villages and Fulu Town and Niushi Town, Chang Town. The survey is conducted according to the proposed content in the forms. Altogether 110 forms were issued and 100 are returned, with the return rate reaching 90%. Refer to table 87 for the composition of respondents.

Table 87: occupation and education background composition of public respondents

Occupation Cadre Worker Villager Other totalNumber of

people1 70 29 0 100

24

percentage（%） 1 70 29 / 100

Education background

Junior collage

and above

Senior high school and secondary

school vocational diploma

junior high school

Elementary school

Total

Number of people

2 17 738 100

percentage（%） 2 17 73

8 100

It can be seen from the above table that during this survey, the survey forms are issued randomly, and the occupation and education background were not known in advance. Thus the composition of the occupation and education background shows the characteristics of inhomogeneity. Since the project is located at countryside, the influenced people are workers and farmers; therefore, their education background is low. However, this reflect the well-targeted respondents, the survey results truly reflect the opinions of influenced people. Among these respondents, cadre accounts for 1%, worker accounts for 70% and villager accounts for 29%, In terms of education background, Junior college and above accounts for 2%, senior high school accounts for 17%, junior high school accounts for 73% and elementary school accounts for 8%. This type of composition fully reflects the opinions of public to the environmental impact issue of this project and the participation awareness in environmental evaluation in terms of number, scope and education background.

Results and analysis of survey forms statistics Refer to table 49 for results of survey forms statistics. The survey results show

there are respectively 2 and 10 people believe that the this project will impose tolerable negative impact to their production and living, accounting for 2%, 10.4% respectively. And there are 2 and 76 people believe that this project will impose no impact to their production and living, accounting for 4.2%, 79.2% respectively. No one believes that this project will impose negative impact to their production and living. When investigating the impact of the construction of this project on their work and study, 71 people believe that no impact is imposed, accounting for 74%. 14 people believe that positive impact is imposed on ambient resident, and 7 people believe that tolerable negative impact is imposed, accounting for 14.6% and 7.3% respectively, the other all believe no impact is imposed. As of the impact of this project on local environment, 27 people believe that tolerable negative impact is imposed, accounting for 28%, and the other 9 people believe no impact is imposed. 92 people believe that this project will impose positive impact to local economy, accounting for 96% and no one believe that negative impact is imposed.

25

In accordance with survey results, 96 people support this project, accounting for 96%, and 4 people believe that it does nor matter, no one oppose this project, which indicate that this project is in line with people’s hope.

Table 88: Public participation and survey resultsThe attitude to this project (people)

Support 96 oppose 0 does not matter 4The impact of construction of this project on your (people)Production positive impact 92 negative impact 0 tolerable negative impact 2 no impact 2 Living positive impact 10 negative impact 0 tolerable negative impact 10 no impact 76Working positive impact 10 negative impact 0 tolerable negative impact 15 no impact 71Study positive impact 0 negative impact 0 tolerable negative impact 12 no impact 84The impact of construction of this project on relocated peoplepositive impact 76 negative impact 0 tolerable negative impact 20 no impact 0

The impact construction of this project on ambient residentspositive impact 14 negative impact 0 tolerable negative impact 7 no impact 75

The impact of this project on local environmentpositive impact 60 negative impact 0 tolerable negative impact 27 no impact 9

The impact of this project on local economic developmentpositive impact 92 negative impact 0 tolerable negative impact 0 no impact 4

Situation of internet publishing Relevant information on construction of this project and abridged edition of environmental evaluation report were published on the website of http://www.shawan.gov.cn/ and http://www.leshan.gov.cn/site/SiteHuanBaoJu/Index.asp on May 10th 2011 and May 28th 2011 respectively. Up to now, no feedback is received.

26

The official version (full report) of environmental evaluation report is disclosed on http://www.shawan.gov.cn/ in September 2011.

11.4 The enterprise’s environmental image and ways of Jinfu has been long being concerned with the construction of environmental protection facilities and actively assisting and carrying out related policies and requirement of environmental protection departments, thus it builds good environmental image. Moreover, the enterprise maintains good communication with ambient villagers, able to resolve incurred and potential environmental dispute actively, properly and timely. Refer to annex 6 for the explanation of village committee of Shawan’er, Fulu Town.

11.5 Conclusion of public survey The above survey results show the reflection of public to the enterprise is good,

and enterprise gains support from local public with no one oppose it. With the development of national economy and constant improve of people’s living standard, people’s environmental protection awareness is also improving. The enterprise has gained public support.

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12 Suggestions on Implementing Environmental

Monitoring to project The environmental management must be strengthened during the construction

and operation period of project to ensure the normal running of project in construction and normal operation in operation period, as well as to eliminate the adverse impact on environment.

12.1 Enterprise environmental protection objectives1) Surface water protection objectives: the sewage body is the Dadu River,

classified as the Lever III water, surface water quality should meet the requirements for the third level standard in “Environmental quality standards for surface water” (GB 3838-2002)

2) Underground water protection objectives: regional underground water quality should satisfy the requirements for the third level standard in “Environmental quality standards for underground water (GB/T14848-93)”

3) Air protection objectives: air quality around the factory should satisfy the

requirements in “Ambient air quality standard (GB 3095－1996)”; Features pollutants

like H2S should meet the requirements of the maximum value for residential area air pollutants in “Hygienic Standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises (TJ36-79)”.

4) Environmental quality for noise protection objectives: environmental quality

28

for noise in the project area should meet the requirements for the second level standard in “Environmental quality standard for noise (GB3096-2008).

5) Air quality inside the factory and workshops should satisfy the requirements in“Standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises”

12.2Environmental management 12.2.1Environmental protection management department

Environmental management department must be established for enterprise’s environmental protection management and 5 -8 staffs shall be designated to conduct environmental protection management department.

Table89 Environmental protection management department

actionResponsible institution

Institutional responsibilities

Collect monitoring data

Construction period

Construction unit and Jinfu company

1）collect dust monitoring data； 2）collect noise monitoring data.

Operation period

Jinfu company

1）the quality of wastewater treatment plant

discharging water；2）the quality of pulp workshop discharging water；3）the boiler port discharging waste gas ；4）alkali boiler port discharging waste gas；5）the plant odor gases；6）the water quality of monitoring well under the white

sludge residue site.Data analysis

Construction period

Local monitoring station

Analyze environmental quality based on monitored data during construction period and grasp the main environmental questions.

Operation period

Local monitoring station

Analyze environmental quality based on monitoring data during operation period and know the main environmental questions.

Make environmental monitoring reportConstruction Local monitoring Based on monitoring data to make the environmental

29

period station monitoring reportOperation

periodLocal monitoring

stationBased on monitoring data to make the environmental monitoring report

Environmental monitoring reports received/frequencyConstruction

periodOperation unit and

Jinfu companyMonitoring from time to time according to construction progress.

Operation period

Jinfu company

Construction units accept one environmental monitoring report every three months, and be responsible for sorting, saving monitoring data; identify problems and report to local environmental protection bureau timely and also solute them.

Environmental management

Operation period

Operation period

1)1-2 staff shall be designated to conduct environmental protection management department during construction and production.

2) Check the construction progress, quality, operation and testing situation of the undertaken environmental protection facilities, deal with related questions during the operation.

3) Accounting the using situation of environmental protection fund during operation period.

4) Accept the monitoring of environmental management department and environmental monitoring unit, report the environmental protection provisions executing situation in the contract.

Operation period

Jinfu company 1) establish environmental management institutions as safety and environmental protection department, responsible for and implement the environmental protection work during project operation period; a total of five full-time staff engaged in environmental protection work. By the co-ordination of General Manager, department managers in charge of routine work such as the whole plant environmental protection work and clean production, the workshop has two part-time, respectively ,responsible for environment protection facilities maintenance and contact the Safety and Environmental Protection Department. Safety and Environmental Protection Department also has another two full-time staff occupational engaging in health management.

2)To implement national and local environmental laws, regulations ,policies and the requirements of all levels of environmental protection

30

administrative departments; 3) Implement the environmental protection measures

during operation period, make environmental management methods and systems of operation period;

4) Implement environmental monitoring during operation period, and the results should be statistical analyzed and data managed;

5) Monitoring and operating environmental protection measures and dealing with various environmental protection questions during operation period;

6) To report regularly to the environmental protection department;

7) Carry out environmental protection acceptance work after construction project completed;

8) Responsible for the whole factory workers of occupational hygiene protection and management.

9) Responsible for the development, construction, maintenance of measures for preventing risk accidents and implementing contingency plans when occurring accidents.

12.2.2Environmental management during construction period The responsibilities of environmental management during construction period

are: Control environmental pollution and ecological damage, completely eradicate

illegal construction, guide and monitor “three wastes” and noise treatment, and minimize the environmental pollution and ecological damage.

12.2.3Environmental management during operation period The responsibilities of environmental management after the project is put into

operation are:

1) Combine project techniques to carry out environmental protection guidelines of enterprise. Formulate environmental protection responsibility and regulations of each department and each position in line with environmental protection management system. Comply with national and local laws, regulations as well other relevant specifications.

2) Strictly implement environmental protection regulations. Set up and complete pollutant source record, environmental protection facility and technique process record during operation of project. Prepare pollutant discharge data sheet and running situation of environmental protection facility each month.

31

3) Conduct daily monitoring and maintain to environmental protection facilities and equipments, and record on file.Strictly implement environment monitoring and quality control complyin with the “environment management plan” inside the enterprise.

4) Conduct good environmental protection and safe production publicity and relevant technical training.

5) Strengthen management and set up emergency response system on abnormal discharge of waste water and waste gas, thus to minimize the impact of abnormal discharge. Be Responsible for the storage and utility of hazard chemicals. Organize Regular management, emergency response and evacuation measures of fire, explosion and poison prevention.

6) Assist local monitoring station to monitor waste gas, waste water and pollutant source. Check the disposal of solid waste.

12.3 Environmental monitoring of project construction Environmental monitoring include construction period and operation period, the

objectives are to understand well about the pollution trends of the project completely and timely, to understand the affection degree and influence basin of the project construction process on regional environment, to understand the environment quality trends, feeding back information to competent department timely, providing scientific basis for environmental management.

Monitoring points are the points possibly been obviously polluted based on the result of environment impact prediction. Monitoring content can be surface water environment, air environment, environment quality of noise which be impacted greater during the construction and operation period. Monitoring factors can be determined according to the pollution characteristic in the engineering analysis. Monitoring method comply with the “Environmental Monitoring Technical Specifications” promulgated by the State Environmental Protection Administration.

12.3.1 Environmental monitoring of projectThe environmental monitoring of this project can entrust local environmental

protection department to conduct. The monitoring contents include the following:1) Waste water: the monitoring points of waste water are pollutant discharge outlet;

the monitoring frequency is once a season; monitoring items include CODCr, NH3-N, SS and Volatile phenol. It is required to regulate waste water discharged outlet and equip with COD online monitoring facility.

2) Underground water: refer to environmental evaluation monitoring point, once a year. The monitoring indicators includes NH3-N,CODMn, smelling and taste, and color degrees.

3) Waste gas: The monitoring points are one at upwind of boundary and three at downwind of boundary to monitor disorganized discharge. the monitoring frequency is once a season; monitoring items include. H2S and NH3. But disorganized discharge of odor gas (H2S, NH3) should be monitored twice a month during the first half a year of operation and once a month during the second half year of operation, after one year of operation, the frequency can be

32

once a season.4) Boundary noise: monitored once half a year to monitor day and night equivalent

continuous sound level A.

Table1 90 All monitoring items during project construction period

Monitoring period

Environmental factors

Monitoring siteMonitoring

items

Monitoring

frequency

Cost estimat

e（yuan）

Construction

period（one

year）

Construction dust

Two points in the east of plant boundary

TSP One time every two

months

3000

Construction wastewater

/ / / /

Construction noise

Four points in four directions of plant boundary

LeqdB(A) One time every two

months2000

total 5000

12.3.2 Environmental monitoring and management during project demonstration period 1) Consciously accept the annual routine testing, and monitoring indicators and frequency, sampling time and other factors should be on request, additionally, the enterprise should pay fee according to the national pollution monitoring and technical regulations.2) Consciously maintain the normal operation of online monitoring equipments. Monitor the discharge situation according to the regulations of relevant laws and “environmental monitoring and management” and save the original monitoring data. The result of automatic monitoring should link to environmental protection competent department, and the enterprise should provide equipment security management.3) consciously accept the sample detecting and total amount accounting testing, and help with the sampling and sample delivery.4) Consciously collect the record of annual environmental monitoring and management. Provide monitoring data to administration department and World Bank according to the commitment in environmental management plan.

Table 91 the list of project demonstration and operation period monitoring itemDemonstration

Period

Operation period

wastewater Outfall of wastewater station

CODCr、NH3-

N、SS、phenol

1 time/3 montns

10000

AOX、dioxin1 time/ a year

after provincial

30000

33

station has the ability to monitoring;it

must be monitored

when acceptance.

Surface water

100m downstream of wastewater station outfall

CODCr、NH3-N、

phenol 1time /6 months 15000

Underground water

Household wells

Color,total hardness, sulphate,ammonia、CODMn

1 time/3 months 15000

Monitoring wells in the white

1 time/3 months 15000

Waste gas

Discharge pipe of Boilers and alkali

SO2、NOx、PM10

1 time/3 months 40000

Atmosphere

One point on wind on plant boundary, three downwind

H2S、NH31time /6 months 10000

noiseFour

points in four

LeqdB(A) 1 time/3 mmonths 2000

subtotal 137000total 142000

12.3.3 Independently monitoring plan of demonstration project

Monitoring validation for demonstrative project must be done independently; enterprises should fully co-operate with the monitoring, and provide relevant support. When dioxin base line, workshop section control, performance testing are being carried out, enterprise should provide necessary support, afford expense for synchronous monitoring extra but necessary indexes, and connect with the synchronous monitoring organization. The expense of independent monitoring of demonstrative project should be calculated separately.

12.3.4 Special monitoring

34

Special monitoring, such as environmental acceptance monitoring, enterprise will carry out completion acceptance monitoring according to relevant regulations, and rely on environmental speech monitoring according to the requirement of acceptance management agencies. Based on the guidelines of environmental acceptance monitoring, arrange the control measure of production and capacity. Special monitoring fee is listed in intangible assets of enterprise business expenses, calculated independently.

12.4 The training of environmental management person

12.4.1 Add new training for environmental protection part-time or full-time staff during constriction period

Departments commissioned by the construction units have qualified for the training project construction and supervision units of environmental protection full-time and part-time staff. Training object is the full-time management personnel and engineering technical leader in the construction and supervision units. Teaching contents include: regulations, files and the requirements on environmental protection and soil conservation in Sichuan Province and China; the environmental protection measures designed by enterprise in the construction period; environmental protection guide in the construction phase. Course instructors may be the EPA, environmental protection design principal in the environmental design departments and the experts of the environmental assessment unit and monitor unit.

12.4.1 Add new training for environmental protection part-time or full-time staff during operation period

The new training added for environmental protection part-time or full-time staff is organized and conducted by environmental protection department, the enterprise can employ environmental experts from universities, research institutes and operation management units to class lessons, or the staffs can also take part in short training classes, see Table 94.

Table 92 Training fee list of staffs during project construction and operation period

stage trainees Number of people

Content of training time

cost（ ten thousand）

Construction period

Person in charge of construction units, Jinfu company full-time staff and environmental protection management person

4 Laws, regulations; environmental countermeasures and environmental requirements of construction period; environmental

training 3~7 days before construction

1

35

guide for the construction period

Supervising engineer 2 0.75

Operation period

Environmental management person

1

Laws, regulations; environmental countermeasures and environmental requirements of construction period; environmental guide for the construction period

Training 7~14 days before operation

0.25

Environmental staff 2

Laws, regulations; environmental countermeasures and environmental requirements of construction period; environmental protection facilities maintenance; monitoring data collecting and analysis

0.5

person who take emergency measures

2

Risks compaction; risk prevention measures, emergency plans

0.5

Daily training of employees

All production and management person

The summary, communication, report of the whole factory, workshop, group organization

Convened regular or temporary

2

total 5

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12.5 Cost estimate of environmental management plan

The environmental management plan cost is 232000 by estimated. See Table 93

Table 93 The list of the enterprise environmental management plan costEnvironmental monitoring

costOccupational health management cost

Security management cost

Training cost

The total cost of EMP implementation

Construction period

Operation period

0.5 13.7 4.5 1.5 5.0 25.2

12.6 Exchange of information Environmental management requires that it is necessary to exchange information within the organization in different departments and different posts, at the same time the organization should notify relevant information to outside (related party, as the public). every month must have one formal meeting, All information exchange should have a record and on file.，External information exchange every half year or one year for once, information exchange with cooperation unit must form meeting minutes and on file

12.7 Records A perfect record system must be established to ensure the effective operating of the environmental management system. Records of several aspects must be saved:1) Requirement sin laws, regulations and relative standards2) License file3) Environmental factor with its environmental impact evaluation and measures for mitigation4) Training5) Engineering construction progress6) Monitoring data7) Information of related parties8) Approval examines and verify9) Review In addition, necessary control must be done to the records mentioned above, include: characteristic, collection, catalogue, archiving, storing, management, maintain, inquiry, storage life, treatment, etc.

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13 Conclusions and Suggestions

13.1 Conclusions1. Project overview

Sichuan Jinfu Paper Co., Ltd (hereinafter referred to as “Jinfu”) originated from the Sichuan Fuhua Group’s acquisition of former Leshan bathroom tissue to set up Sichuan Leshan Fuhua Paper Co., Ltd and changed the name to the current name. It is a private business. The plant is located as Tangjiawan, Fulu Town, Shwan District, Leshan city, occupying 12.13 hectare (182 Mu). The total asset of the enterprise is 250 million RMB, with current pulp making capacity of 52 thousand Tons per year and paper making capacity of 57 thousand Tons per year. The major products of the enterprise are bleached bamboo pulp paper board, cultural paper, and bathroom tissue, etc.

Jinfu proposed to implement “energy conservation and discharge reduction technology upgrading project of pulp making system” centered with upgrading and updating of cooking and bleaching techniques, in order to change the situation of pulp production limit the enterprise development in technique and equipment levels. The project will fully improve the whole production technique of Jinfu, promote the Clean Production of Jinfu to a new level to reduce energy and material consumption, thus to eventually make sure the discharged waste water meeting the discharge limit in table 2 pulp and paper making joint enterprise in GB 3544-2008 which entered into effect on 1st

July 2011. meanwhile, this project effectively reduces the POP in waste water such as AOX and Dioxin, etc, as well as the generation and discharge of odor pollutants special to paper making industry. In addition, this project will eliminate environmental risks caused by use of liquid chlorine.

This project plus pervious other technology renovation projects enable the enterprise reach the advanced level of China’s non-wood pulp paper making industry. This project will bring significant environmental benefit.

This project has been recorded in Leshan economy and information committee (Le Shi Ji Gai Record [2011] No. 11).

2. Compliance with national industrial policies This project is a technology upgrading project, the pulp making capability of the

company will maintain at 52 thousand tons after upgrading. The major technology upgrading content is to replace CEHP four- stage bleaching process with chlorine dioxide ECF bleaching process, replace cooking-ball with vertical cooking-boiler and increase new oxygen delignification devices. This project belongs to “Encourage Type” in the “Guiding Catalogue of Industrial Structure Adjustment (2011)”-article 3 of light industry: the development and application of ECF and TCF chemical pulp

38

bleaching process. In addition, this project meets the requirements in “Paper Industry Development Policy” (notice of National Development and Reform Committee 2007 No.71). Therefore, this project complies with national industrial policies.

3. Compliance with local plan This project is conducted in current plant without requisition of new land. The

plant is located at Fulu Town, Shawan District, Leshan City, which is a separate industrial and mining land (refer to annex for Certificate for the use of state-owned land) outside the city and town planned and built up areas of Shanwan District and Fulu Town. This project is technology upgrading of energy-conservation and discharge-reduction conducted in current plant, the environmental impact of enterprise after technology upgrading will also be reduced. Therefore, this project complies with local plan.

4. Environmental quality situation of area where enterprise located Air quality Regional environmental situation monitoring shows that all monitoring

indicator from monitoring points in evaluation scope meet requirements for the

second level standard in “Ambient air quality standard (GB 3095－1996)”.

Water quality Situation monitoring to each section of Dadu River Segments shows all

pollutant indicators from surface water meet requirements for the Level III water in GB 3838-2002.

Situation monitoring shows all pollutant indicators from regional underground meet requirements for the Level III water in GB 3838-2002.

Environmental quality for noise Situation monitoring shows all monitoring values of day and night from monitoring points at plant boundary meet requirements for the Level II in GB3096-2008

5. Environmental measures, discharge after meeting requirements and amount control

Environmental measures, discharge after meeting requirements Waste water: the waste water follows the principles of “separating clean water

from waste water, separating rain water from waste water, separating different effluents from each other and treating them separately, multiple use of same water, repeat use and recycling use of water”. There is a waste water treatment plant to treat the medium waste water, cold waste water and domestic waste water. Currently all waste water is discharged to Dadu River through one discharge outlet.

The cooking black liquid is sent to soda recycling device without discharge. All

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discharge waste water including bleaching waste water, material preparation waste water, chlorine dioxide waste water, light and cold waste water from soda recycling, and domestic waste water will be sent to waste water treatment plant for treatment. The waste water after treatment is discharged to Dadu River through pipelines after treatment and meeting the requirements in table 2 of Discharge standard of water pollutants for pulp and paper industry (GB3544—2008). Approximately 22% waste water is recycled for use in processes such as material preparation. This evaluation report requires enterprise to improve current anaerobic facilities of waste water treatment plants and improve pollutant eliminating ration of bio-chemical treatment system.

During the process of technology upgrading, water discharge system, pool of waste water treatment plant and waste water discharge pipelines shall be strengthened and repaired. All water pools, pulp tower, solution transiting containers, collecting tanks and storage tanks are all treated with seepage-proofing, and checked regularly for leakage and repair.

The spare volume of regulation pool of the waste water plant serves as accident water collection pool to collection leaked waste water, fire-fight water, emergency response water and rescue waste water during accident situations, thus to ensure no water will be discharged to Dadu River before bio-chemical treatment.Waste gas: the collected odorous gas from cooking is discharged after spaying and water washing and meeting the standard. The waste gas from washing, screening and bleaching is discharged after spaying and water washing and meeting the standard. Upon implementation of this project, the disorganized discharge of odorous gas will be will be significantly reduced and discharged after meeting the standard, which decreases impact on nearby air. The technology upgrading will maintain current width sanitary protection zone, and involve no relocation of residents.

Noise: The technology upgrading will take the same noise prevention and treatment measures with current ones, thus to maximize the use of reasonable layout, and realize standard noise at plant boundary after measures of noise reduction and sound insulation.

Solid waste: The technology upgrading will take the same solid waste treatment measures with current ones to realize solid waste recycling and bio-safety disposal.

Amount control This project is a water pollutant reduction project, which will also reduce the

amount of disorganized waste gas. After the completion of this project, the amount of COD discharged by the whole plant is 252.5t/a, the amount of NH3-N is 22.5t/a, reduced by 1.6t/a and 0.2t/a respectively. The amount of air pollutants has no change.

The discharge amount of all pollutants shall be all within the amount designated

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to the enterprise by local environmental protection departments. Therefore, this project complies with amount control requirements.

6. Clean production This project follows the clean production principles in industrial policy, material

utility channel, technique level, energy and water consumption, pollutant generation, waste comprehensive utility. Therefore, this project complies with requirements of clean production.

7. Environmental reasonability of site selection and general layout Environmental reasonability of site selection: this project is conducted in

current plant. The technology upgrading will reduce amount of discharged waste water and waste gas, decrease the environmental risks and accidents, thus the impact of plant on ambient environmental is reduced. The area where plants is located has no environmental limitation factors. Thus the site selection is feasible in terms of environmental protection.

Environmental reasonability of general layout: the enterprise occupies a land of 182 Mu, with the shape of rectangle. Before technology upgrading, the discharge sources of odorous gas from cooking workshop and soda recycling workshop are 100 m away from closest residents. After technology upgrading, the discharge sources of odorous gas will be even farther from closest residents, and disorganized waste gas discharge will be reduced significantly. The waste water is the lowest point, convenient for waste water collection and discharge. Thus the general layout is feasible in terms of environmental protection.

8. Project risk impact and risk prevention measures After technology upgrading, the related chemicals of this project are as follows:

1% chlorine dioxide solution, sodium chlorate, methyl alcohol, liquid caustic soda, sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Upon completion of project, the enterprise will no longer use chlorine for bleaching, and remove liquid chlorine tank which is a major risk source. The environment risk is reduced and the impact after environmental accidents is also reduced.

The enterprise’s soda recycling workshop current has a storage tank of 100 m3 to collect black liquid of accidental condition, which will eliminate discharge of black liquid or stop black liquid from flowing to waste water treatment plant.

An accidental pool of 2500m3 shall be constructed at waste water treatment plant. This accident pool is empty normally to ensure that waste water under abnormal situation will not flow into Dadu River, thus to ensure no waste water will flow into Dadu River before bio-safety disposal.

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Risk evaluation results show that this project has certain environmental risks; but after technology upgrading, Jinfu will no longer use chlorine, and chemical materials used after technology upgrading is not as hazardous as liquid chlorine, which largely reduces the enterprise environmental risks. Meanwhile, the enterprise takes reliable risk control measures. The environmental risks level is acceptable. Therefore, this technology upgrading project is feasible in terms of environmental risks.

9. Environmental impact evaluation Air

Situation monitoring shows that regional air quality meets the recruitments, reflecting the enterprise has no pollutant impact on local air, the production of the enterprise has limited impact on regional air quality. Moreover, upon completion of this project, the impact of enterprise on regional air will be reduced to certain content.This project will largely reduce the impact of disorganized discharge of odorous pollutant on ambient air; the steam consumption will be reduced after technology upgrading, which will reduce the impact of smoke from boiler. This project will impose positive effect on regional air quality.

Surface water The routine monitoring of environmental quality in recent years reflects that

each section of Dadu River Segments meet requirements for the Level III water in GB 3838-2002, which means the discharged waste water impost little impact on the water quality of Dahu River.This project is to reduce discharge of water pollutant, and will relieve the impact of enterprise on Dahu River. This project will impose positive effect on regional surface water quality.

Underground water This project takes strict seepage-proofing measures. And monitoring shows that

this project imposes little impact on regional underground water quality.

Environment of noise Situation monitoring shows that this project takes relevant sound insulation and

noise reduction measures, thus the noise at plant boundary meets the requirements which will not influence local residents.

Impact of solid waste Solid waste generated from this project will be effectively utilized and treated with bio-safety disposal. In general, the solid waste imposes little impact on environment.

Impact of this project on resident relocation

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This project involves no resident relocation.10. Public survey

Public survey shows that local residents all support this technology upgrading with no one suppose it.

11. Comprehensive conclusion of environmental feasibility of this project This project is to upgrade the technology of pulp system, which will largely reduce discharge of waste water and water pollutant, impct of odorous pollutants from pulp system as well as the enterprise’s environmental risks. After technology upgrading, the pulp and paper making capability of the company will be not changed after upgrading.

This project complies with national industrial policies, and site selection complies with local plan. This project applies advanced and mature production equipments, complying with requirements of clean production. The completion of this project will further reduce discharge on the basis of all pollutants meeting required standards. There is no environmental limitation factor. Meanwhile, the operation of this project imposes little impact on environmental elements. Thus regional environmental functions will not be changed.

In summary, it is feasible in terms of environmental protection for Jinfu to conduct this technology upgrading at current plant site at Fulu Town, Shawan District, Leshan city.

13.2 Suggestions 1) The enterprise shall further implement clean production, and reduce energy

consumption and material consumption. 2) The enterprise shall develop comprehensive utility of white mud.3) The enterprise shall entrust environmental monitoring departments to

regularly monitoring the change of AOX in waste water form bleaching and the change of odorous gas at plant boundary.

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Map 1: Location of the Company

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Map 2: Project Location

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Map 3: Monitoring Sampling Sites

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Map 4: Hydrological Map

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