1 Boiler Green Initiative (BGI) Design Review 11/14/08 Boiler Green Initiative.

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Boiler Green Initiative (BGI)

Design Review11/14/08

Boiler Green Initiative

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Agenda Overview of team Pay-As-You-Throw Hillel House


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Team Overview: BGI The BGI team is involved with creating,

designing, and implementing systems benefiting the local community and environment


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Team Overview: OrganizationTeam Leader:

Ken Little

Hillel House Pay-As-You-Throw

Project Leader:Matt Leon

William Naville

Nicole Samuelson

Heather Carhart

Caroline Early

Yitian Hu

Cassie Sands

Allyssa Stoll

Bhakti Khandagale

Rachel Roberts

Project Leader:Udit Pandey

Ken Little


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Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT)Project Review

11/14/08

ARMS 1098B


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Introduction Heather Carhart – Senior in Quantitative Agricultural

Economics Caroline Early – Sophomore in Communications Yitian Hu – Sophomore in Civil Engineering Bhakti Khandagale – Freshmen in First Year

Engineering Udit Pandey – Sophomore in Mechanical Engineering Rachel Roberts – Senior in Math Education and

Natural Resources & Environmental Science

PAYT

http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/tools/payt/topics.htm


What is Pay-As-You-Throw? System where residents pay for Waste service based

on trash thrown out or put at curbside Residents only pay for what they use similar to utility

system Two Basic PAYT systems: Volume and Weight

Volume uses bags, tags, or stickers Weight uses various can sizes per pound

More than 5,000 communities in the U.S. practice PAYT

Cities large and small, rural and urban

http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/tools/payt/top20.htm

http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/tools/payt/tools/index.htm


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Community Need Our project partner: Rev. Peter Bunder

Investigate an alternative waste and recycling system for the city of West Lafayette

Benefits to Addressing Community Needs Proposal and innovative ideas presented to Rev. Peter

Bunder and West Lafayette Go Greener Commission Equity in the community Encourage recycling in the greater society

PAYT


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Community Need Relevance to the project partner

Design Question: Is a metered trash or Pay-As-You-Throw program feasible for the city of West Lafayette? Reasoning: Avoid an increase in resident’s

sanitation bill Current system is a fixed rate for a variable

amount of waste Current system is not sustainable

PAYT


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Goals of the project Duration of Project: 12 months Goals: Proposal for pilot program and

PAYT program Not currently addressed: Education and

Implementation Potentially addressed next semester

PAYT

Overall Objectives: Case Studies in Bloomington, Indiana and Lansing, Michigan & Pilot Program in West Lafayette’s 2nd District



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Goals of the Project What is the success criterion?

Presentation of concise and current information concerning the PAYT program, endorse a specific rate structure design

What are the deliverables? A proposal for best method to implement a PAYT

program for the city of West Lafayette.

PAYT


Background Information


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Background Research Research Case Studies and current waste

disposal system of West Lafayette Additional information that could be utilized.

We could also use first hand knowledge and reviews of PAYT programs in Indiana and grants that will financially aid the implementation and sustenance of the program.

PAYT


Benefits to PAYT program

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Environmental Sustainability: Effectively promotes waste reduction

Economic Stability: Stable revenue covers cost of services

Equity: Economically fair delivery of services


PAYT offers “a direct economic payback to the people”—San Jose elected official


Benefits to a PAYT program Duke University National Study

14 to 27% average waste reduction 32 to 59% increase in recyclingSource: http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/payt/tools/sld_show.htm

Examples of U.S. Cities SavingWilmington, NC (population 75,000) $400,000 per year

Littleton, NH (population: 5,800) $40,000 in extra funds with PAYTGainesville, FL (population: 96,000)$186,200 savingsSan Jose, CA (population: 850,000) reduced cost by $4 million annually



http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/payt/tools/sld_show.htm

Barriers to a PAYT program Potential for illegal dumping Potential for uneven cash flow due to variable

rates An increase in administrative costs Identifying trash to residents in multiple unit

housing


Bloomington Case Study & Current West Lafayette Waste System


Collectable Trash from Household

Municipal Solid Waste

Collected once a week

Large items: sofas, chairs,

mattresses,

tables etc.

Solid Waste

Hoosier

Disposal

Recyclable: Paper, metal can, glass container, plastic

Collected once every two weeks

Yard wasteCollected once a week

during spring, summer &

fall

Good Earth

Large Appliance: refrigerator, stoves,

washer, etcCollected once a month and

require a contact with Sanitation Department in

advance

Freon :Nu

Genesi

Non Freon:J

B Salvage

FREE

Two Yellow sticker ($4)

per bin

One Yellow sticker

($2) per bin

One green sticker ($1)

per bin

Two Yellow sticker

($4) per bin

Figure 1Bloomington, Indiana

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Bloomington: Overview of Regular Services

PAYT

2004 2005 2006 2007Tons of Trash

7,347.43 6,665.73 6,924.26 6,538.66

Tons of Recycle

2,795.18 2,870.90 2,877.65 2,869.51

Tons of Yard 1,624.05 1,073.25 1,620.00 1,649.00Per Sticker

Fee$1.00 $2.00 $2.00 $2.00

Per Sticker Fee

$0.25 $1.00 $1.00 $1.00

Trash Sticker

Revenue

$580,500.50 $926,000.00 $930,000.00 $906,940.00

Yard Sticker Revenue

$26,154.00 $88,000.00 $73,500.00 $68,465.00

Total Revenue

$606,654.50 $1,014,000.00

$1,003,500.00

$975,405.00

Tons of trash decreased from 2004 – 2007 by approximately 800 tons which in cost is $30 thousand in ATF

Number of households served: 15,100

In 2007, next revenue from tags was approximately $960,400


Lansing, Michigan: Overview of Services Proportional Rate System utilizing both Bags for trash and stickers for bulk

items. Blue Billy Trash Carts System

32 gallon = $38.00 per 3 months 65 gallon = $48.00 per 3 months 95 gallon = $49.00 per 3 months (includes 3 extra 30 gallon bags on side)

$50 annual fee that covers recycling costs Purchase a package of 5 blue bags for $8.75 at convenience stores and local

grocery stores as needed. Yard waste is collected between April and November. Large Items over 30 pounds and/or longer than 4 feet in length, such as

furniture must be tagged with a bulk collection sticker ($33.00 per sticker). Restrictions: nothing over 30 pounds and/or 4 feet in length without bulk item

sticker

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Collectable Trash from Household

Municipal Solid Waste

Collected once a week

Solid Waste

& Large Items

Tippecanoe

County

Transfer

Station

Large Applia

nces (withou

t chemicals)

Oscar Winsk

i Lafayette

Recyclable: Paper, metal scraps & cans,

glass , plasticCollected once every two

weeks

Streets, Sanitation, and Recycling Center of W.L.

Newspaper to Regal Indianapolis

Mixed Paper to

Transfer Systems

Frankfort

Scrap metal to Oscar Winski

Lafayette

Yard wasteCollected once a week (Oct - Dec can be on curb but other

times in a can)

Soil Maker

Drop off Bins for Specific

Neighborhoods: mixed paper

Collected once a month and require a contact with Sanitation Department to

start service

Streets, Sanitation, and

Recycling Center of W.L.

Transfer Systems Frankfort

Figure 2West Lafayette, Indiana

$9 garbage bill each month FREE FREE

Part of garbage

bill

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West Lafayette: Overview of Regular ServicesNumber of households serviced: 4650 There are six routes for each service. For solid waste (trash + large items: 4 workers and 2 trucks. For yard waste: 6 workers and 3 trucks. For recycling: 2 trucks with 1 worker each. Neighborhood drop off bin service. An additional service is the recycling drop off center.

PAYT


Services in Detail West Lafayette … Solid Waste … Yard Waste … Recycling …


Budget & Future Semester Plans


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Preliminary Budget Item Amount Date

Trash pick up survey(PAYT)(3000 surveys) $750 Fall 08

Pilot project success surveys (1000 surveys) $250 Spring 09

Bloomington, IN field trip to study PAYT program $140 Spring 09

Total: $1,140.00

PAYT


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Discussion of Future Plans/Current Decisions Currently, our team has begun the Rate

Structure Design in which we have many decisions and aspects to consider.

Following a decision concerning billing process, rate structure design we will complete a proposal suggesting a method to implement a Pay-As-You-Throw program in West Lafayette.

PAYT



Rate Structure Decisions:

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• Proportional

• Variable

• Two-tiered/ Multi-tiered

http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/payt/tools/sld_show.htm


Rate Structure Design

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Program goals Waste Prevention Greater Equity (greater level of fairness) Extended landfill capacity (ATF) Revenue Stability

Addressing Barriers Well-designed rate structures can help communities control illegal

diversion and cooperation between departments and collaborative community efforts can prevent enforcement difficulties

Pricing System: Proportional, Variable Rate, Multi-tier Analysis: estimate price based on budget or perform advanced rate setting analysis

for projected year Keys to Success: Complementary Programs & Education

http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/tools/payt/tools/official.htm


Rate Structure Design

Proportional Pricing System:

Each household spends $10 per month

Creating a $558,000 revenue generated from the sale of trash tags, which is much more than generated from $9 fixed rate without including increase in recycling revenue generated

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1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 20080

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000Trash in West Lafayette

Trash

Linear (Trash )

YearT

rash

in T

ons

Assumptions:Current W. Lafayette Trash TrendsPAYT National Trends Proportional Estimate 35 gallons of trash weighs no more than 40 pounds

Estimated Need per Household is 5 tags/bags (35 gal) per month


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Questions?

Project Partner Liaison: Caroline Early [email protected]: http://epics.ecn.purdue.edu/bgi/


mailto:[email protected]

http://epics.ecn.purdue.edu/bgi/

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Hillel HouseProject Review

11/14/08


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Introduction Matt Leon (Project Leader, Management, Senior) Kenneth Little (Engineering, Senior) William Naville (Engineering, Freshman) Nicole Samuelson (Engineering, Freshman) Cassie Sands (Engineering, Freshman) Allyssa Stoll (Engineering, Freshman)

Hillel House


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Community Need Relevance to the project partner

What is the need that is being addressed? Hillel House currently uses many of the same structures

and appliances that were established with the house’s initial construction in 1959 and are in need of updating.

The building is wasting energy through excessively high heating and cooling bills.

Hillel House


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Community Need Initial contact was made with the organization for

the analysis of potentially establishing a green roof on the building.

Reducing building energy consumption will allow more funds to be directed to the students in the organization and improve the building.

Hillel House


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Goals of the Project The BGI team will create a strategic plan to

maximize energy savings with minimal capital input and implement small scale repairs and additions.

Our team will not be able to install large scale projects such as window replacement, electrical rewiring, or heating and cooling system changes.

Hillel House


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Goals of the Project What is the success criteria?

The success of this project will come from reducing energy costs for Hillel House at a rate that will justify the initial investment.

Hillel House


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Solution Feasibility ChartHillel House


Requirement Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3

Solar Passive solar heating/lighting

Solar water heating Solar power generation

Green Roof Partial extensive roof Full extensive roof Intensive roof

Winterization Ceiling insulation, outlet insulation

Wrap windows, replace broken panes, caulk windows

Crawl space insulation

Geothermal Heating/Cooling

Horizontal boring Vertical drilling Standard horizontal loops

Feasible Not FeasiblePossible

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Solar: Overview Goals of Solar Energy

Reduce electricity use from grid Creative use of passive solar to reduce

heating/cooling needs

Hillel House


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Solar: Proposed Solutions Passive solar

Use natural lighting to reduce interior lighting needs Can be utilized while minimizing window surface area during replacement

Hillel House


www.eere.energy.gov

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Solar: Proposed Solutions Solar water heating

Reduce heating costs for hot water production Minimal hot water consumption makes this option less necessary

Hillel House


www.eere.energy.gov

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Solar: Proposed Solutions Photovoltaic cells

Reduce the use of electricity from grid (Duke Energy) Climate limits viability in Indiana $23,000: 3.87 kW system would return $345.73/year in electricity costs (

http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/codes_algs/PVWATTS/version1/US) 66.5 year payback

Hillel House


www.solarpanelstore.com

http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/codes_algs/PVWATTS/version1/US

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Green Roofs: Overview A building roof covered partially or fully by

vegetation. Provides insulation for the house which would

increase energy efficiency. Save cooling costs up to 75% in the spring and

summer. Reduces water runoff, can retain as much as 60

percent of all rainwater.

Insert Project Name Here


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Green Roofs: Partial extensive Vegetation covers only specific sections of the

house. Cheaper than full roof. However, costs more per square foot. Can be placed in strategic locations.



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Green Roofs: Full extensive The roof size of the Hillel House is 5850 sq

ft. It costs about $13.80 per square foot to

install a green roof. Total cost of $80,671 At the current electricity prices, they would

save about $420 per year with a green roof. 192 year payback


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Green Roofs: Limitations It is much more cost effective on a larger scale than the

Hillel House. May not be cost effective enough to implement on the

Hillel House. The roof needs to be structurally sound. The condition of

the Hillel House roof may not be adequate and full saturated weight is between 20-50 lbs/sq.ft.

Environmental benefits far outweigh financial benefits



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Winterization: Overview Winterization

Insulation Wrap Windows Replace Window Panes Replace Window Caulking



Infrared Heat Loss Images

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Winterization Insulation

Keeps energy from escaping from the building and into the atmosphere, which keeps cost down.

Wrap Windows Keeps energy form escaping. Similar to insulation.

Replacing Broken Panes Replacing these panes will directly affect energy loss because

we are fixing a hole in the wall.


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Winterization Solutions Insulation

Caulking around windows, ceiling, and outlets Wrapping Windows

Clear wrap around all windows to help insulate Replacing Broken Panes

Taking out broken pane and replacing it.



Geothermal: Overview Geothermal heating/cooling systems use a heat

pump and a system of underground exchangers to heat and cool a building more efficiently than conventional methods.


Geothermal Options Vertical Loop

This method requires loops of pipes to be ran 20-40’ underground for heat exchange.

Horizontal Loop This method requires a long distance of loops to

be ran 5’ underground in a large area. Horizontal Boring

This method uses the same design as a horizontal loop; however, the loops can be bored at 90 degree angle to rest under structures.

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www.practicalenergy.ca


Vertical Loop

Horizontal Loop

Rain Garden: Overview A shallow constructed depression that is planted with deep-rooted

native plants & grasses. Easiest, most cost effective, and aesthetically pleasing thing that

can be done to reduce the contribution to storm water pollution.


http://raingardennetwork.com

Rain Garden: Benefits Personal water quality system because it filters

the runoff from your roof and lawn and recharges the groundwater.

Reduces the need for an irrigation system. Aesthetically pleasing while fixing the current

walkway.


Rain Barrels What is a rain barrel:

Collects and stores rainwater from rooftops to use later for lawn and garden watering.

Benefits: Conserves water and help lower costs Reducing water pollution by reducing

storm water runoff

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http://www.cleanairgardening.com


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Preliminary Budget

Item Amount indv Price Total Cost

Caulking 24 5.00 120.00

Shrink-It Window Sealer Kit 20 13.29 265.80

Window Pane 1 7 7.00

TOTAL 392.80

Hillel House


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Discussion of Future Plans Fall Semester ‘08

Finish feasibility report Winterize building

Spring Semesters ‘09 Design and install landscape/rain garden Begin implementation of feasible and accepted

projects (i.e. double pane windows, heat pumps, etc.)

Hillel House


Questions?


1 Boiler Green Initiative (BGI) Design Review 11/14/08 Boiler Green Initiative.

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