1 Audio Video Production History of American Broadcasting Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012....
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Transcript of 1 Audio Video Production History of American Broadcasting Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012....
1
Audio Video Production
History of American
Broadcasting
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
Broadcasting: A Young Media
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
2
Newsp
aper
s in U
SA
1700’s 1837 1876 1920 1948
Telegra
ph
Telephone
Televis
ion in
homes
First
com
merci
ally
license
d radio st
ation
InPittsburgh
PA
Television Development
3Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
1920’s
• Many companies experimenting with and developing TV.
1926
• Philo T. Farnsworth (American) experimented with electronic TV—stream of electrons.
1928
• Vladimir Zworykin develop/refines iconoscope tube.
Television Development
4Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
1928 1st TV Drama broadcast
1931 Regularly scheduled TV begins
1935 Electronic TV is demonstrated to the
press
Television Development
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1936
1939
Germany: televises Olympics.Britain: few hours of regular programming a day.
The TV is presented at the New York World’s Fair.
Television Development
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1941
15 hours of programming each week.
1945
FCC authorizes
TV broadcast.
1942
150 applications
for TV stations
Color Television
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• Experimentation with color during WWII
1932-
1945
• Non-compatible mechanical color system is presented.1946
• FCC refuses color request.1947
• 50 TV stations on air, 124 authorized.• FCC establishes a four year freeze on
new TV licenses.1948
Color Television
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• Korean War slows color TV progress.• FCC announces mechanical color system.• Negative response from stations and the public.
1950
• National Television System Committee (NTSC) explores color.
1951
Cable Television
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1950• Communi
ty Antenna Television
1952
• Coaxial cable is installed in large cities, reducing ghosting.
Color Television
10Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
1952
FCC lifts TV freeze
FCC approves UHF
Old TV’s don’t get UHF
Ruling: all new TV’s must have both VHF and UHF
1953
FCC approves NTSC compatible electronic color
system
Korean War ends
Video Recorders
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1956Videotaping is demonstrated
1963 A home VTR costs $995
Television
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1950’s1950’sLive dramatic series.
19521952Rampant growth in TV, from 108 in ‘52…
1960’s1960’sLarge variety of TV programs.
19601960…to 522 stations. 90% of homes have TVs.
Television
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1966
• All 3 networks have color.
1967
• Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 authorizes the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
Television
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1980
1% of homes have
VCRs.
Camcorder is sold to
consumers
1984 Stereo AM & TV.
FCC begins
deregulation.
Cable Television
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• FCC ends ban on cable TV in large cities.
• Beginning of “Pay TV” for cable.
1972
• Two-way cable in Columbus, Ohio.
1977
Cable Television
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1980 •Cable news stations begin
1981 •Music videos on cable
1987 •50% of homes with TV have cable
1998 •Digital compression used in cable
2004 •More than 30% (around 22.9 million) of U.S. cable receive digital cable service
Digital Television
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1997
• DVD introduced.• FCC rules: all U.S. SDTV stations must be DTV by 2006, now
2009.
1999
• Stations begin broadcasting Digital TV and wide screen HDTV.
2004
• More than 1000 US TV stations broadcast digital signal.• 3 million HDTV sets in homes.• All manufactured sets 36” and larger must have a digital tuner.
Digital Television
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20061000+ U.S. digital TV stations on the
air.
Consumers buy HDTV sets in significant numbers.
What about the future?
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