1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division.
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Transcript of 1 2 Chromosome Structure 3 Chromosome Number 4 Prokaryotic Cell Division.
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Chromosome Chromosome StructureStructure
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Chromosome Chromosome NumberNumber
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Prokaryotic Prokaryotic Cell DivisionCell Division
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Eukaryotic Eukaryotic Cell Cell
DivisionDivision
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Cell CycleCell Cycle
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CytokinesisCytokinesis
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Chromosome
Structure
Chromosome
Number
Prokaryotic Cell Division
Eukaryotic Cell
Division
Cell Cycle
Cytokinesis
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This molecule This molecule makes up makes up
ChromosomesChromosomes
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What is DNA?What is DNA?
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Eukaryotic Eukaryotic DNA coils DNA coils
around these around these proteinsproteins
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What are What are Histones?Histones?
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Six billion pairs Six billion pairs of these make of these make
up DNA up DNA (monomer)(monomer)
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What are What are nucleotides?nucleotides?
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Control Control activity of cellactivity of cell
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What is the What is the nucleus?nucleus?
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Identical Identical halves of a halves of a
chromosomechromosome
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What are sister What are sister chromatids?chromatids?
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Chromosome Chromosome number found number found
in human in human somatic cellssomatic cells
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What is 46?What is 46?
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Last two Last two possible possible
chromosomes chromosomes on a karyotypeon a karyotype
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What is XX or What is XX or XY (sex XY (sex
chromosomes)chromosomes)??
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Human egg and Human egg and sperm with only sperm with only 23 chromosomes 23 chromosomes
have this have this chromosome chromosome
numbernumber
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What is 1n or What is 1n or haploid?haploid?
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All the All the chromosomes in chromosomes in
an organism an organism except X and Yexcept X and Y
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What are What are autosomes?autosomes?
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Number of copies Number of copies of each of each
autosome found autosome found in the body cell in the body cell of an organismof an organism
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What is two?What is two?
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Example of a Example of a common common
prokaryoteprokaryote
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What are What are bacteria?bacteria?
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Characteristic Characteristic that groups all that groups all
Prokaryotes Prokaryotes togethertogether
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What is no What is no nucleus & no nucleus & no membrane-membrane-
bound bound organelles?organelles?
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How long it takes How long it takes for a typical for a typical
bacterial cell to bacterial cell to reproducereproduce
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What is twenty What is twenty minutes?minutes?
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Division of Division of prokaryotic cells prokaryotic cells
is called thisis called this
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What is binary What is binary fission?fission?
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Comparison of Comparison of daughter cells daughter cells formed when a formed when a bacterial cell bacterial cell
dividesdivides
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What is What is identical?identical?
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Organelle in Organelle in eukaryotes eukaryotes
where DNA is where DNA is foundfound
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What is the What is the nucleus?nucleus?
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Division of body Division of body cells is called cells is called
thisthis
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What is mitosis?What is mitosis?
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Cell division that Cell division that occurs in the occurs in the
ovaries & testesovaries & testes
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What is Meiosis?What is Meiosis?
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Most common Most common type of type of
reproduction reproduction used by used by
unicellular unicellular eukaryoteseukaryotes
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What is mitosis?What is mitosis?
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Fastest method Fastest method of reproduction of reproduction in eukaryotesin eukaryotes
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What is mitosis?What is mitosis?
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The longest The longest phase of the cell phase of the cell
cyclecycle
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What is What is interphase?interphase?
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Shortest phase Shortest phase of the cell cycleof the cell cycle
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What is What is cytokinesis?cytokinesis?
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Phase of the cell Phase of the cell cycle in which cycle in which the nucleus the nucleus
dividesdivides
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What is mitosis?What is mitosis?
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Phase of the cell Phase of the cell cycle when DNA cycle when DNA
is copiedis copied
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What is the S What is the S phase?phase?
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Phase where Phase where cells exit the cell cells exit the cell cycle and don’t cycle and don’t divide or copy divide or copy
DNADNA
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What is the GWhat is the Goo phase?phase?
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This part of a cell This part of a cell undergoes undergoes
divisiondivision
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What is What is cytokinesis?cytokinesis?
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Cytokinesis Cytokinesis begins during begins during
this mitotic stagethis mitotic stage
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What is What is telophase?telophase?
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This forms and This forms and divides animal divides animal
cellscells
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What is a What is a cleavage furrow?cleavage furrow?
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This forms and This forms and divides plant divides plant
cellscells
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What is a cell What is a cell plate?plate?
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The amount of The amount of organelles a cell organelles a cell has immediately has immediately
following following cytokinesiscytokinesis
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What is one-half?What is one-half?
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Mitotic Mitotic SpindleSpindle
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Division of Division of Body CellsBody Cells
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Prefixes and Prefixes and SuffixesSuffixes
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Meiosis IMeiosis I
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Meiosis IIMeiosis II
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GametogeneGametogenesissis
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Mitotic Spindl
e
Division of Body
Cells
Prefixes &
SuffixesMeiosi
s IMeiosi
s IIGametogenesis
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Mitotic phase in Mitotic phase in which the which the
spindle begins spindle begins to formto form
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What is What is prophase?prophase?
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Pair of cylindrical Pair of cylindrical bodies in animal bodies in animal cells that forms cells that forms
the spindlethe spindle
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What are What are centrioles?centrioles?
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Spindle fibers Spindle fibers are made of are made of
these structures these structures found in the found in the cytoplasmcytoplasm
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What are What are microtubules?microtubules?
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Spindle fibers Spindle fibers that attach to that attach to
the centromere the centromere of a chromosome of a chromosome
pairpair
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What are What are kinetochore kinetochore
fibers?fibers?
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Spindle fibers Spindle fibers that extend that extend completely completely
across a dividing across a dividing cellcell
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What are polar What are polar fibers?fibers?
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Another name for Another name for body cellsbody cells
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What are somatic What are somatic cells?cells?
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Chromosome Chromosome number found in number found in human body cellshuman body cells
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What is 46 or 2n?What is 46 or 2n?
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Type of Type of reproduction reproduction used by body used by body
cellscells
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What is asexual?What is asexual?
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Two examples of Two examples of cells in humans cells in humans
that aren’t called that aren’t called “body cells”“body cells”
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What are eggs & What are eggs & sperm?sperm?
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Type of cell in Type of cell in the body that the body that
does not does not undergo cell undergo cell
divisiondivision
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What are nerve What are nerve cells?cells?
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Prefix meaning Prefix meaning twotwo
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What is di-?What is di-?
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Suffix meaning Suffix meaning cellcell
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What is –cyte?What is –cyte?
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Prefix meaning Prefix meaning middlemiddle
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What is meta-?What is meta-?
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Prefix meaning Prefix meaning the samethe same
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What is homo-?What is homo-?
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Prefix meaning Prefix meaning eggegg
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What is oo-?What is oo-?
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Phase in which Phase in which DNA coils into DNA coils into chromosomeschromosomes
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What is Prophase What is Prophase I?I?
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Two structures Two structures that that
disassemble at disassemble at the beginning of the beginning of
Meiosis IMeiosis I
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What is the What is the nucleolus & nucleolus &
nuclear nuclear envelope?envelope?
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The pairing of The pairing of homologous homologous
chromosomeschromosomes
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What is What is synapsis?synapsis?
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Number of Number of chromosomes in chromosomes in
a tetrada tetrad
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What is four?What is four?
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Exchange of Exchange of genes that genes that
occurs during occurs during Meiosis IMeiosis I
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What is crossing-What is crossing-over?over?
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This process This process occurs before occurs before
Meiosis I, but Not Meiosis I, but Not before Meiosis IIbefore Meiosis II
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What is copying What is copying DNA?DNA?
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Spindle fibers Spindle fibers reform in this reform in this
phasephase
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What is Prophase What is Prophase II?II?
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Chromosomes Chromosomes are found here are found here
during during Metaphase IMetaphase I
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What is the What is the equator?equator?
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Organs in which Organs in which Meiosis occursMeiosis occurs
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What are the What are the testes and testes and ovaries?ovaries?
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Chromosome Chromosome number of cells number of cells
at the end of at the end of Meiosis IIMeiosis II
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What is 1n or What is 1n or haploid?haploid?
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Another name for Another name for reproductive reproductive
cells such as the cells such as the egg & spermegg & sperm
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What are What are gametes?gametes?
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Production of Production of sperm cellssperm cells
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What is What is spermatogenesisspermatogenesis
??
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Number of sperm Number of sperm cells formed cells formed
during during GametogenesisGametogenesis
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What is four?What is four?
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These small cells These small cells degenerate degenerate
during oogenesisduring oogenesis
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What are polar What are polar bodies?bodies?
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Chromosome Chromosome number found in number found in
a human a human spermatidspermatid
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What is 1n = 23?What is 1n = 23?
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Chromosomes with Chromosomes with identical size, shape, & identical size, shape, &
traits, but different allelestraits, but different alleles
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What are What are Homologs?Homologs?
