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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONSInternational General Certificate of Secondar Ed!cation

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COMBINED SCIENCE %'&)

+a,er ) -E.tended/ Ma*0!ne (

# 1o!r #& 2in

Candidate3 an34er on t1e 5!e3tion +a,er6

No Additional Material3 are re7!ired6READ T8ESEINSTRUCTIONSFIRST

9rite o!r Centren!2:er; candidaten!2:er and na2eon all t1e 4or< o!1and in6 9rite indar< :l!e or :lac<,en6

Yo! 2a!3e a 3oft,encil for

andia=ra23;=ra,13;ta:le3 orro!=14or

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add3 nitrate3 to t1e 3oil6

E.,lain 1o4 t1i3 can 1el, ,lant3 to =ro4 :etter6

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(3) Far2er3 2a !3e in3ecticide3 -,e3ticide3 t1at e; e.,lain 41 !3in=in3ecticide3 on land 41ere cattle =rae co!ld red!cet1e =ro4t1 of =ra336

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( T1e c1e2ical for2!lae for 3o2e co2,o!nd3-2ineral3/ fo!nd in roc

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(2) Na2e t1e t,e of c1e2ical reaction in -i/ and 3tate t1ee>idence o! 1a>e !3ed to decide o!r an34er6

t,e of reaction

e>idence

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(4)  A 3t!dent add3 3o2e 4ater to 3o2e calci!2 o.ide6 S1eo:3er>e3 t1at an e.ot1er2ic reaction occ!r3 and an al

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3 In an e.,eri2ent; 4ei=1t3 4ere 1!n= on a 3,rin= and

t1e len=t1 of t1e 3,rin= 2ea3!red6

Fi=6 )6# 31o43 a =ra,1 of t1e re3!lt36

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Fi=6 )6#

(1) Calc!late t1e e.ten3ion of t1e 3,rin= 41en a N

load i3 1!n= fro2 it6

S1o4 o!r 4or

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-c/ Fi=6 )6( 31o43 a 4ooden :ird 3!3,ended fro2 anidentical 3,rin=6

Fi=6 )6(

T1e total len=t1 of t1e 3,rin= i3 226

-i/ U3e t1e =ra,1 in Fi=6 )6# to find t1e 4ei=1t of t1e:ird6 S1o4 o!r 4oritational field 3tren=t1 of t1e Eart1 i3 #%N *

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Fi=6 6# 31o43 a 3,er2 cell6   For E.a2iner3

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Fi=6 6#

-a/ On Fi=6 6#; !3e la:el line3 to la:el and na2e t4o 3tr!ct!re3 t1at are fo!nd in all

ani2al cell36 ?(@

-:/ Na2e t1e or=an in 41ic1 3,er2 are ,rod!ced6 ?#@

(3)  An in>e3ti=ation 4a3 carried o!t into t1e o.=en !3e and ener= !3e of 3,er2 41ile t1e 4ereat re3t and 41ile t1e 4ere 34i22in=6

For eac1 2ea3!re2ent; t1e re3earc1er3 calc!lated t1e a2o!nt of o.=en and t1e a2o!ntof ener= !3ed : #%

 -one t1o!3and 2illion/ 3,er26

T1e re3!lt3 are 31o4n in Ta:le 6#6

Ta:le 6#

o.=en !3e * !nit3 ,er ener= !3e * Jo!le3 ,er 

#% 3,er2 ,er 1o!r #%

 3,er2 ,er 1o!r 

re3tin= 3,er2   ( '

34i22in= 3,er2   ) #'

(1) S!==e3t 41 t1e re3earc1er3 2ea3!red t1e o.=en !3e and ener= !3e for #% 3,er2;rat1er t1an for a 3in=le 3,er26

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-ii/ E.,lain 41 2ore o.=en i3 !3ed 41en t1e 3,er2 are !3in= 2ore ener=6

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(3) Calc!late t1e total ,o4er o!t,!t of a =ro!, of #% 34i22in= 3,er26

State t1e for2!la t1at o! !3e and 31o4 o!r 4orid!ct;t1ro!=1 a t1in laer of li7!id6

E.,lain 1o4 t1e 31a,e of t1e 3,er2; 31o4n in Fi=6 6#; red!ce3 t1e ener= re7!ired to 34i2 t1i3di3tance6

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5 -a/ N!clear reactor3 can :e !3ed in ,o4er 3tation3 to ,rod!ce ener= for =eneratin= electricit6

(1) S!==e3

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t one ad>anta=e and one di3ad>anta=e of =eneratin= electricit in t1i3 4a6

ad>anta=e

di3ad>anta=e

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-ii/ De3cri:e 41at 1a,,en3 to an ato2 d!rin= n!clear fi33ion6

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(3) Belo4 i3 a ne43,a,er article 4ritten : 3o2eone 41o 1a3 a ,oor !nder3tandin= of radioacti>it6

T1ere 4a3 a lea< of radiation fro2 o!r

local n!clear ,o4er 3tation e3terda6

T1e radiation :le4 acro33 far2land6

It e2it3 =a22a ,article3 41ic1 are

1ar2f!l to 4ildlife6

9rite do4n one 2i3ta

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3ection B

Fi=6 &6#

Fi=6 &6( 31o43 t1e 3ide >ie4 t1ro!=1 t1e :ad=e6

For 

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Section A 1a3 a ,la3tic a:3or:er6 A

Section B 1a3 a ,la3tic a:3or:er and a 22 t1ic<

al!2ini!2 a:3or:er6

B

back t1in o,a7!e

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Fi=6 &6(

91ent1e,1oto=r a,1icfil2fro2t1e:ad=ei3de>elo

,ed; itt!rn3:lac<41ereit 1a3:eene.,o3ed toradiation6

(1) Co2,leteTa:le&6#to31o441et1er t1e,1oto=r a,

1icfil24illt!r n:lac<41ene.,o3e

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-ii/ E.,lain 41 t1e :ad=e can not :e !3ed to detect al,1a radiation6

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(3)  Al,1a; :eta and =a22a radiation3 :e1a>e differentl 41en t1e are ,a33ed t1ro!=1 an electric field6

(9) E.,lain 41 =a22a radiation i3 not deflected6

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-ii/ E.,lain 41 al,1a and :eta radiation are deflected in o,,o3ite direction36

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6 -a/ Air i3 a 2i.t!re of ele2ent3 and co2,o!nd36 T1e t4o 2ain ele2ent3 in air are nitro=en and o.=en6 Nitro=endio.ide; NO(; i3 a co2,o!nd of nitro=en and o.=en6

(1) Co2,lete Ta:le '6# : 4ritin= M in t1e ri=1t 1and col!2n if t1e de3cri,tion refer3 toa 2i.t!re of nitro=en and o.=en or C if it refer3 to t1e co2,o!nd; nitro=en dio.ide6

Ta:le '6#

de3cri,tion M or C

nitro=en ato23 are :onded to o.=en ato23

relati>e a2o!nt3 of nitro=en and o.=en can >ar

little or no ener= c1an=e 41en for2ed fro2 nitro=en and o.=en

c1e2ical ,ro,ertie3 are >er different fro2 eit1er nitro=en or o.=en

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(2) T1e =a3e3 nitro=en and o.=en can :e 3e,arated : fractional di3tillation fro2 air 41ic11a3 :een cooled and ,re33!ri3ed 3o t1at it t!rn3 into a li7!id6

E.,lain :riefl 1o4 fractional di3tillation 3e,arate3 nitro=en and o.=en fro2 li7!efied air6

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(2) Nitro=en and 1dro=en can :e 2ade to react to=et1er to for2 a22onia; N8)6 T1i3reaction re7!ire3 a 3olid iron catal3t and a 1i=1 te2,erat!re6

E.,lain; in ter23 of 2olec!lar colli3ion3; 41 increa3in= t1e te2,erat!re increa3e3 t1e rate of reaction6

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(3) T1e dia=ra23 in Fi=6 '6# 31o4 t1e o!ter electron 31ell3 of ato23 of t1e ele2ent3 1dro=en and3!lf!r6

8 S

Fi=6 '6#

91en t1e3e ato23 :ond to=et1er; t1e for2 a co>alent co2,o!nd 41o3e for2!la i3 8 (S6

U3e t1e infor2ation 31o4n in t1e3e dia=ra23 to e.,lain 41 t1e for2!la of t1e co2,o!nd i3 8 (S6

Yo! 2a 4i31 to dra4 a dia=ra2 to 1el, o!r e.,lanation6

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T1e 32ell of food cooar =land3 to 3ecrete 3ali>a6

-a/ -i/ Na2e t1i3 t,e of re3,on3e to a 3ti2!l!36 ?#@

(2) De3cri:e 1o4 t1e infor2ation a:o!t t1e 32ell of t1e food tra>el3 fro2 t1e no3e to t1e

3ali>ar =land36

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(2) 91en food 1a3 :een taa6

De3cri:e 1o4 t1e 2olar teet1 1el, in t1e di=e3tion of food6

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(3) Sali>a contain3 t1e en2e a2la3e6

91at i3 an en2eK

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8  A 3t!dent carried o!t an e.,eri2ent to find 41ic1 3!:3tance3 in t1e en>iron2ent ca!3ed nail3 2adeof 2ild 3teel to :eco2e r!3t6

S1e 3elected t1ree identical nail3 and ,laced t1e2 in 3ealed te3tt!:e3; A; B and C; a3 31o4n in Fi=66#6

A B C

dr air  air and nitro=en =a3

onl 4ater >a,o!r    and 4ater >a,o!r 

4ater 

Fi=6 6#

(1) +redict in 41ic1 t!:e; A; B or C; t1e nail :eca2e r!3t; and e.,lain 41 t1e nail did not r!3t ineit1er of t1e ot1er t4o t!:e36

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(2) Stainle33 3teel doe3 not r!3t :eca!3e it i3 ,rotected : a >er t1in laer 41ic1 contain3

c1ro2i!2 o.ide6

(1) C1ro2i!2 o.ide contain3 c1ro2i!2 ion3; Cr )

; and o.ide ion3; O(

6

Ded!ce t1e c1e2ical for2!la of c1ro2i!2 o.ide6

E.,lain 1o4 o! o:tained o!r an34er6

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-ii/ E.,lain 41 an o.ide ion carrie3 a do!:le ne=ati>e -(/ electrical c1ar=e6

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(3) Steel i3 !3ed to 2aent r!3tin=; t1e c1ain i3 co>ered : oil 2ade of 1drocar:on 2olec!le36

T1e oil !3ed to ,rotect t1e :iccle c1ain contain3 2ainl 1drocar:on 2olec!le3 41ic1 do not

contain an do!:le :ond36

3teel c1ain

(1) De3cri:e a c1e2ical te3t and it3 re3!lt t1at 4o!ld 31o4 41et1er or not a 1drocar:on oilcontained 2olec!le3 4it1 do!:le :ond36

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(2) S!==e3t one ,ro,ert of a 1drocar:on oil 41ic1 2aent r!3tin=6

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9 T1e 3,ea

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DATASHEET

ThePeriodicTableof theElements

Group

I   II   III   IV   V

#

H8dro=en

#

$ ## #( #

Li   Be   B C   NLit1i!2 Berlli!2   Boron Car:on   Nitro=en

) & ' $

() ( ($ ( )#

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