02 Implications of Human Population
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Transcript of 02 Implications of Human Population
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EnvironmentalManagement
Implications of Human Population
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Topics Covered Introduction
Population & Environment
History of Population Explosion Quality of Life
Resource Availability
Necessary Inputs for Improving Quality of Life
Population Growth & Environmental Deterioration
Concept of Environmental Management
Agenda for Global Environmental Protection
Environmental Management in a Socio-Economic Context
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Introduction Biodiversity in Rain Forests Vs. Biodiversity in Polar
Region
Varying Food Habits in Different Regions
Natural Ecosystems capable of MaintainingThemselves in a Stage of Dynamic EquilibriumUnless Disturbed by an External Factor
Input is cyclic in the form of Renewable Resourcefor the Ecosystem
Consumption of the Renewable Resource is theOutput.
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Introduction This Concept of Balance is based on the Law of Conservation
of Mass & Energy akin to 1st
Law of Thermodynamics
No Matter or Energy can be Produced but can be Convertedfrom One Form to Another.
Resource I/p to the System Resource O/p from the System= Accumulation of the Resource
E.g. Rainwater and its harvesting leading to Water
Conservation
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3rd Joint Conference of AmericanSociety of Civil Engineers
Discussions on Interactive Relationships between the Population and Resourcesalong with Associated Management Requirements
Concerns on Population Rise in Third World Countries
Resources were scarce to meet their demands
Focus on Minimal Level of Quality of Life Achievement Uniformly Throughout theWorld
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Population & Environment
Development Leads to Environmental Damage
Growing Population Pressurizes Environmental Resources
Environmental Damage can be Minimized through Advanced Planning and Careful Implementation
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History of Human PopulationExplosion
Emergence of Improved Agricultural Practicesleading to Increased Produce
Industrial Revolution after a Considerable TimeGap
Advances in Medicine and Pharmacy leading to
Better Disease Control
Improved Life Expectancy
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Quality of Life Adequate Diet in Quality & Quantity
Easy Availability of Potable Water and Adequate Sanitation Facility
Adequate Housing
Availability of Continuous Generation of Economic Opportunities inProportion of Growing Population
Adequate Medical Care
Sufficient Social, Financial and Personal Security
Daily Needs Conveniences
Cultural & Recreational Opportunities
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Resource Availability Air, Land and Ocean are Primary Resources
Land and Ocean Require considerableEngineering & Technological Inputs to DeriveSecondary Resources from Them
Land used for specific following requirements Forest Maintenance
Production of Food
Urban Development
Industrial Plants, Timber Production, Mineral Extraction Wildlife Habitat
Disposal of Waste residues
Recreation of various types
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Resource Availability
Land tilling involves use of large amount of Capital,
Labour, Fertilizer, Energy, Water, Transport & OtherRelated Resources
Present Developments Largely Dependent on Non-Renewable Energy Resources
Excessive Utilization of Such Resources Detrimental forEnvironment
Solution is: Proper Resource Allocation
More Sophisticated Planning
Encompassing Social, Environmental and Economic Needs
Multiple Use of Natural Resources
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Necessary Inputs for ImprovingQuality of Life
Population Growth Directly Impacts Economic Growth
Inputs for Sustaining Economic Conditions: Physical Systems Necessary for Support of all Physiological &
Industrial Activities E.g. Food, Space, Fresh Air, Clothing, Housing, Raw Materials, Fossil
Fuels, Land, Fresh Water, Oceans and Forests
Social Necessities E.g. Peace & Social Stability, Education, Employment, Steady
Technological Progress
Population Inversely Proportional to ResourceAvailability
Mismanagement of Resources
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Population Growth &Environmental Deterioration
Mortality Rate Vs. Birth Rate
Preservation Rate should be morethan Deterioration Rate
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Concept of EnvironmentalManagement
Problems of Unemployment, Inflation, Shortage of Energy, Globalization,
Resource Crunch and Technology
Production of Materials like New Polymers, Insecticides, Pesticides,Fluorocarbons etc.
Domestic Waste a Damper
Rural Sanitation & Rural upliftment
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Objective of EM
Management of Natural Resources Exploitation
Pollution Control for Environmental Quality
Maintenance of Ecological Balance Through Multiple Resource Use
Preservation of Biodiversity
Adoption of Cleaner Technology to Minimize Adverse Effects of Environment
Formulation & Implementation of Environmental Regulation & Laws
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Components of EM Efficient & Cost Effective Control Measures for Atmospheric, Aquatic and Land
Pollution
Adoption of Efficient, Cost Effective and Low Waste Generating ProductionTechnologies
Implementation of Cleaner Technology of Production
Adopting Recommended Tools for EM such as:
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Audits (EA)
Environmental Management System (EMS)
Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA)
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Components of EM Environmental Promotional Measures for Awareness
Training for Environment Through Schools, Colleges and other Institutes
Control Measures for Population Growth
Control for Over Consumption & Over Exploitation of Resources
Efforts for Establishing Social Equity
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EM in Socio-Economic Context Agenda 21 of the Rio-De-Janeiro Conference Elaborates on Specific
Areas of Environments
Reduction in Health Problems by avoiding food Media Contamination(E.g. Soft Drinks)
Environmental Stress and Security problems Major Contributors to
Social Conflicts
Incorporating Environmental Planning in all National DevelopmentProgrammes
Waste Minimization instead of Disposal
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Contamination Problems with
Specific Reference to Hazardous
Waste A Problem of Process Industries like Metallurgical, Paper,Sugar, Textile, Pharmaceutical, Chemical, etc.
Formulation of Good Waste Management Programme andPollution Abatement Strategies can help
Greater Political Will Required
Waste Reduction & Minimization Onsite
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Essential Components of OnsiteWaste Minimization
Waste Recycling
Materials Recovery (Salvages)
Waste Re-use
Reduction at Source through Better Processes and Housekeeping
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Pollution Abatement StrategiesA Basis for PEP
Exploring Alternative Raw Materials (Fly Ash)
Reuse and Recycle of Waste
More Emphasis on Byproduct rather than Scrap in case ofChemicals
Use of Cleaner Technologies and Waste Prevention Programmes
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Ecological Regrouping ofIndustries
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Questions?????
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References
An Introduction to Environmental ManagementDr. A. S. Bal
Environmental Studies Joseph Benny
A Textbook of Environmental Studies ChatwalG.R. & Harish Sharma
portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php
marketobservation.com
intel.com
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