01

02

03

04 05 06 07

17 18 19

20

21

22

23

00 1:

00 AM

2:

00 AM

3:00 A

M

4:00 AM 5:00 AM 6:00 AM 7:00 AM

5:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM

9:00 P

M

10:0

0 PM

11:0

0 PM

M

IDN

IGH

T

SWSE

S

WE

NWNE

N

southsouth-w

estsouth-east

eastnorth

-east

north

north-west

westsunset directionsunrise direction

Sout

hern

St

ar W

heel

Cel

ebra

ting

the

Inte

rnat

iona

l Yea

r of A

stro

nom

y 20

09

eveningmorning

How

to a

ssem

ble

your

Sta

r Whe

elTh

e ne

ater

you

cut

, the

bet

ter y

our S

tar W

heel

will

wor

k

1. C

ut o

ut th

e fro

nt p

art o

f the

Whe

el -

but d

on’t

cut o

ff th

e fiv

e ta

bs (m

arke

d “fo

ld b

ack”

)!

2. C

aref

ully

cut

out

the

oval

win

dow

by

cutti

ng a

long

the

insi

de o

f the

bla

ck li

ne; t

his

will

leav

e a

blac

k fra

me.

3. C

ut o

ut th

e ba

ck p

art o

f the

Whe

el.

4. P

lace

the

front

par

t on

top

of th

e ba

ck, s

o th

at y

ou c

an re

ad th

e “H

ow to

use

you

r Sta

r Whe

el” t

hrou

gh th

e ov

al w

indo

w y

ou c

ut o

ut in

ste

p 2.

5. F

old

back

the

five

tabs

(mar

ked

“fold

bac

k”) a

nd g

lue

them

to th

e re

vers

e si

de o

f the

bac

k pa

rt, c

reat

ing

a po

cket

.

6. C

ut o

ut th

e ro

und

Sta

r Dis

ks.

7. S

it ba

ck a

nd a

dmire

you

r han

diw

ork

- you

’re d

one.

front

For l

atitu

de 3

5°S

(Sou

th A

frica

, sou

ther

n S

outh

Am

eric

a, A

ustra

lia

and

New

Zea

land

)

Designed by Auke S

lotegraa

f and

firs

t use

d fo

r SAA

STA’

s N

atio

nal A

stro

nom

y M

onth

200

8. L

icen

sed

unde

r an

Attr

ibut

ion-

Non

com

mer

cial

3.0

Cre

ativ

e C

omm

ons

licen

se. V

ersio

n 8.

1. ©

2008 Auke Slotegraaf.

Car

eful

ly c

ut o

ut th

is o

val w

indo

w

on th

e in

side

of t

he b

lack

line

.

This

line

repr

esen

t the

hor

izon

.

fold back

fold

back

fold

bac

k

fold

bac

kfold back

back

Lear

ning

the

cons

tella

tions

Dur

ing

the

cour

se o

f a s

ingl

e ev

enin

g, n

ew s

tars

app

ear a

bove

the

east

ern

horiz

on, w

hile

oth

er s

tars

set

bel

ow th

e w

este

rn h

oriz

on. T

his

chan

ging

asp

ect

is c

ause

d by

the

Ear

th’s

rota

tion

on it

s ow

n ax

is (o

nce

in 2

4 ho

urs)

. Dur

ing

the

cour

se o

f a m

onth

, diff

eren

t sta

rs c

an b

e se

en a

s th

e ni

ghts

follo

w e

ach

othe

r. Th

is m

ore

grad

ual c

hang

e is

cau

sed

by th

e E

arth

mov

ing

alon

g its

orb

it ar

ound

the

Sun

. The

tabl

e be

low

sug

gest

s ap

prox

imat

e tim

es o

f the

yea

r w

hen

indi

vidu

al c

onst

ella

tions

may

be

seen

ear

ly in

the

even

ing:

Ear

ly J

anua

ry

Taur

us, E

ridan

us, C

aelu

mLa

te J

anua

ry

Orio

n, L

epus

, Aur

iga

Ear

ly F

ebru

ary

Col

umba

, Pic

tor,

Dor

ado

Late

Feb

ruar

y C

anis

Maj

or, C

anis

Min

or, G

emin

i, M

onoc

eros

Ear

ly M

arch

Ve

la, P

uppi

s, P

yxis

, Can

cer

Late

Mar

ch

Car

ina,

Vol

ans,

Hyd

ra, L

ynx

Ear

ly A

pril

Cor

vus,

Cra

ter,

Hyd

ra, A

ntlia

Late

Apr

il Le

o, L

eo M

inor

, Sex

tans

Ear

ly M

ay

Cru

x, M

usca

, Cha

mae

leon

, Urs

a M

ajor

Late

May

Vi

rgo,

Com

a B

eren

ices

, Can

es V

enat

ici

Ear

ly J

une

Cen

taur

us, T

riang

ulum

Aus

trale

, Circ

inus

, Apu

sLa

te J

une

Boö

tes,

Cor

ona

Bor

ealis

, Lib

ra

Ear

ly J

uly

Lupu

s, N

orm

a, S

erpe

nsLa

te J

uly

Sco

rpiu

s, O

phiu

chus

, Ara

, Her

cule

sE

arly

Aug

ust

Sag

ittar

ius,

Ser

pens

, Lyr

aLa

te A

ugus

t A

quila

, Cor

ona

Aus

tralis

, Scu

tum

, Tel

esco

pium

Ear

ly S

epte

mbe

r P

avo,

Oct

ans,

Cyg

nus,

Sag

itta,

Vul

pecu

laLa

te S

epte

mbe

r C

apric

onus

, Del

phin

us, E

quul

eus,

Indu

s, M

icro

scop

ium

Ear

ly O

ctob

er

Aqu

ariu

s, G

rus,

Pis

cis

Aus

trinu

sLa

te O

ctob

er

Peg

asus

, Lac

erta

, Tuc

ana

Ear

ly N

ovem

ber

Pis

ces,

Scu

lpto

rLa

te N

ovem

ber

Cet

us, F

orna

x, P

hoen

ixE

arly

Dec

embe

r A

ndro

med

a, A

ries,

Tria

ngul

umLa

te D

ecem

ber

Per

seus

, Men

sa, R

etic

ulum

, Hor

olog

ium

, Hyd

rus

How

to u

se y

our S

tar W

heel

1. C

hoos

e w

hich

Sta

r Dis

k yo

u w

ant t

o vi

ew:

• Brig

ht S

tars

(onl

y th

e br

ight

est s

tars

, typ

ical

ly v

isib

le fr

om li

ght-p

ollu

ted

urba

n ar

eas)

• Ind

igen

ous

Star

s (s

ome

of th

e st

ars

reco

rded

by

the

indi

geno

us p

eopl

es o

f sou

ther

n A

frica

)

• Adv

ance

d D

isk

1 (s

how

ing

all c

onst

ella

tions

vis

ible

from

you

r loc

atio

n, s

tars

dow

n to

4t

h m

agni

tude

, and

the

brig

htes

t dee

p sk

y ob

ject

s)

• Adv

ance

d D

isk

2 (s

ame

as th

e A

dvan

ced

Dis

k 1

but w

ithou

t lab

els

and

cons

tella

tion

lines

)

2. S

lide

the

loos

e D

isk

into

the

Sta

r Whe

el.

3. T

urn

the

Sta

r Dis

k to

the

date

and

tim

e. T

he s

tars

on

the

Dis

k vi

sibl

e th

roug

h th

e op

enin

g in

the

Whe

el w

ill b

e th

e st

ars

visi

ble

in th

e ni

ght s

ky a

t tha

t dat

e an

d tim

e.

4. T

o se

e th

e st

ars

visi

ble

in, s

ay, t

he w

est,

hold

the

Sta

r Whe

el s

traig

ht u

p an

d or

ient

it s

o th

at th

e “W

est”

mar

king

is n

eare

st th

e gr

ound

. The

cur

ved

thic

k bl

ack

line

repr

esen

ts

the

horiz

on. I

f you

now

sta

nd lo

okin

g w

est,

you

can

mat

ch u

p th

e st

ars

you

see

in th

e sk

y w

ith th

ose

show

n on

the

Whe

el.

Oth

er S

tar D

isks

may

be

avai

labl

e fo

r fre

e do

wnl

oad

from

my

web

site

fr

om ti

me

to ti

me.

Vis

it ht

tp://

ww

w.p

sych

ohis

toria

n.or

g or

e-m

ail m

e at

au

ke@

psyc

hohi

stor

ian.

org

I hop

e yo

u en

joy

usin

g yo

ur S

tar W

heel

and

hav

e fu

n ob

serv

ing

the

beau

tiful

nig

ht s

ky!

Cut

on

the

outs

ide

of

this

bla

ck li

ne

20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5

30 25

20

15

10

5

25

20

15

1

0

5

30

25

20

15

10

5

2

5

2

0

1

5

1

0

5

30

25

20

15

10 5

30 25 D e c e m b e r

N o v e m b e r

Oc t o

be

r S

ep

tem

be

r

August

July

June

May

Ap

ril

Ma

r ch

Fe b

r ua r y

J a n u a r y

Pointer

s

Sirius

Alph

ard

Reg

ulus

Spic

a

Canopus

Procyon

Aldebaran

Rigel

BetelgeusePleiades

Hyades

Capella

Pollux

Castor

+SCP

Altair

Vega

Fomalhaut

Deneb

Achernar

Den

ebol

a

Arct

urusAntares

Acrux

Alnair

Mirphak

Menkalinan

Peacock

Diphda

Cut along theoutside of this line

And Andromeda

Ant Antlia

Aps Apus

Aqr Aquarius

Aql Aquila

Ara Ara

Ari Aries

Aur Auriga

Boo Boötes

Cae Caelum

Cnc Cancer

CVn Canes Venatici

CMa Canis Major

Cmi Canis Minor

Cap Capricornus

Car Carina

Cen Centaurus

Cet Cetus

Cha Chamaeleon

Cir Circinus

Col Columba

Com Coma Berenices

CrA Corona Australis

CrB Corona Borealis

Crv Corvus

Crt Crater

Cru Crux

Cyg Cygnus

Del Delphinus

Dor Dorado

Equ Equuleus

Eri Eridanus

For Fornax

Gem Gemini

Gru Grus

Her Hercules

Hor Horologium

Hya Hydra

Hyi Hydrus

Ind Indus

Lac Lacerta

Leo Leo

Constellation checklist

LMi Leo Minor

Lep Lepus

Lib Libra

Lup Lupus

Lyn Lynx

Lyr Lyra

Men Mensa

Mic Microscopium

Mon Monoceros

Mus Musca

Nor Norma

Oct Octans

Oph Ophiuchus

Ori Orion

Pav Pavo

Peg Pegasus

Per Perseus

Phe Phoenix

Pic Pictor

Psc Pisces

PsA Piscis Austrinus

Pup Puppis

Pyx Pyxis

Ret Reticulum

Sge Sagitta

Sgr Sagittarius

Sco Scorpius

Scl Sculptor

Sct Scutum

Ser Serpens (Caput)

Ser Serpens (Cauda)

Sex Sextans

Tau Taurus

Tel Telescopium

Tri Triangulum

TrA Triangulum Australe

Tuc Tucana

UMa Ursa Major

Vel Vela

Vir Virgo

Vol Volans

Vul Vulpecula

Constellation Date learnt Constellation Date learnt

Tick off the constellations as you learn to identify them.

20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5

30 25

20

15

10

5

25

20

15

1

0

5

30

25

20

15

10

5

2

5

2

0

1

5

1

0

5

30

25

20

15

10 5

30 25 D e c e m b e r

N o v e m b e r

Oc t o

be

r S

ep

tem

be

r

August

July

June

May

Ap

ril

Ma

r ch

Fe b

r ua r y

J a n u a r y 18 19

20

21

22

23 00

01

02

03

04

05 06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

0°

–60°

–30°

+30°

ecliptic

ecliptic

ecliptic

Cut along theoutside of this line

And Andromeda

Ant Antlia

Aps Apus

Aqr Aquarius

Aql Aquila

Ara Ara

Ari Aries

Aur Auriga

Boo Boötes

Cae Caelum

Cnc Cancer

CVn Canes Venatici

CMa Canis Major

Cmi Canis Minor

Cap Capricornus

Car Carina

Cen Centaurus

Cet Cetus

Cha Chamaeleon

Cir Circinus

Col Columba

Com Coma Berenices

CrA Corona Australis

CrB Corona Borealis

Crv Corvus

Crt Crater

Cru Crux

Cyg Cygnus

Del Delphinus

Dor Dorado

Equ Equuleus

Eri Eridanus

For Fornax

Gem Gemini

Gru Grus

Her Hercules

Hor Horologium

Hya Hydra

Hyi Hydrus

Ind Indus

Lac Lacerta

Leo Leo

Constellation checklist

LMi Leo Minor

Lep Lepus

Lib Libra

Lup Lupus

Lyn Lynx

Lyr Lyra

Men Mensa

Mic Microscopium

Mon Monoceros

Mus Musca

Nor Norma

Oct Octans

Oph Ophiuchus

Ori Orion

Pav Pavo

Peg Pegasus

Per Perseus

Phe Phoenix

Pic Pictor

Psc Pisces

PsA Piscis Austrinus

Pup Puppis

Pyx Pyxis

Ret Reticulum

Sge Sagitta

Sgr Sagittarius

Sco Scorpius

Scl Sculptor

Sct Scutum

Ser Serpens (Caput)

Ser Serpens (Cauda)

Sex Sextans

Tau Taurus

Tel Telescopium

Tri Triangulum

TrA Triangulum Australe

Tuc Tucana

UMa Ursa Major

Vel Vela

Vir Virgo

Vol Volans

Vul Vulpecula

Constellation Date learnt Constellation Date learnt

Tick off the constellations as you learn to identify them.

20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5

30 25

20

15

10

5

25

20

15

1

0

5

30

25

20

15

10

5

2

5

2

0

1

5

1

0

5

30

25

20

15

10 5

30 25 D e c e m b e r

N o v e m b e r

Oc t o

be

r S

ep

tem

be

r

August

July

June

May

Ap

ril

Ma

r ch

Fe b

r ua r y

J a n u a r y 18 19

20

21

22

23 00

01

02

03

04

05 06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

0°

–60°

–30°

+30°

ecliptic

ecliptic

ecliptic

Cru

TrACir

Cen

Mus

Vir

C r v

C r t

LeoHy

a

Vel

Car

Vol

Men

Dor Pic

RetHor

Cha

Pup

Pyx

Ant

Col

Cae

LepCMa

Mon

CMi

Eri

Ori

Gem

Tau

Aur

CncSe

x

Com

CVn

BooSer

CrB

Her

Oph

SerSct

AqlSge

Vul

Del

Cyg

EquCap

Mic

Ind

SgrCrA

Tel

Pav

PsA

Aqr

Gru

Peg

Lac

And

Psc

Cet

For

Ari

Tri

Per

Lyn

LMi

UMa

UM

a

Lyr

Scl

Phe

Tuc

Hyi

OctAps

NorAra

Sco

Lup

Lib

Pointer

s

Sirius

Alph

ard

Reg

ulus

Spic

a

Canopus

Procyon

Aldebaran

Rigel

BetelgeusePleiades

Hyades

Capella

Pollux

Castor

+SCP

Altair

Vega

Fomalhaut

Deneb

Mira

Achernar

Den

ebol

a

Arct

urusAntares

Algol

Acrux

Alnair

Mirphak

Menkalinan

Peacock

Diphda

Mimosa

Adara

Bellatrix

Alnath

Miaplacidus

Alnilam

Suhail

Wezen

Avior

Alhena

Murzim

ShaulaKaus Australis

Sargas

Diamond

False

Cut along theoutside of this line

And Andromeda

Ant Antlia

Aps Apus

Aqr Aquarius

Aql Aquila

Ara Ara

Ari Aries

Aur Auriga

Boo Boötes

Cae Caelum

Cnc Cancer

CVn Canes Venatici

CMa Canis Major

Cmi Canis Minor

Cap Capricornus

Car Carina

Cen Centaurus

Cet Cetus

Cha Chamaeleon

Cir Circinus

Col Columba

Com Coma Berenices

CrA Corona Australis

CrB Corona Borealis

Crv Corvus

Crt Crater

Cru Crux

Cyg Cygnus

Del Delphinus

Dor Dorado

Equ Equuleus

Eri Eridanus

For Fornax

Gem Gemini

Gru Grus

Her Hercules

Hor Horologium

Hya Hydra

Hyi Hydrus

Ind Indus

Lac Lacerta

Leo Leo

Constellation checklist

LMi Leo Minor

Lep Lepus

Lib Libra

Lup Lupus

Lyn Lynx

Lyr Lyra

Men Mensa

Mic Microscopium

Mon Monoceros

Mus Musca

Nor Norma

Oct Octans

Oph Ophiuchus

Ori Orion

Pav Pavo

Peg Pegasus

Per Perseus

Phe Phoenix

Pic Pictor

Psc Pisces

PsA Piscis Austrinus

Pup Puppis

Pyx Pyxis

Ret Reticulum

Sge Sagitta

Sgr Sagittarius

Sco Scorpius

Scl Sculptor

Sct Scutum

Ser Serpens (Caput)

Ser Serpens (Cauda)

Sex Sextans

Tau Taurus

Tel Telescopium

Tri Triangulum

TrA Triangulum Australe

Tuc Tucana

UMa Ursa Major

Vel Vela

Vir Virgo

Vol Volans

Vul Vulpecula

Constellation Date learnt Constellation Date learnt

Tick off the constellations as you learn to identify them.

20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 30 25 20 15 10 5 25 20 15 10 5

30 25

20

15

10

5

25

20

15

1

0

5

30

25

20

15

10

5

2

5

2

0

1

5

1

0

5

30

25

20

15

10 5

30 25 D e c e m b e r

N o v e m b e r

Oc t o

be

r S

ep

tem

be

r

August

July

June

May

Ap

ril

Ma

r ch

Fe b

r ua r y

J a n u a r y

Eland’s wive

s

( /Xam Bushmen )

Male Eland

( /Xam Bushmen )

Female Steenbok

( /Gwi Bushmen)

Male Steenbok

( /Gwi Bushmen)

Senakane, the Little

Horn (Sotho, Tswana)

Tshinanga (Venda)

Spoor of senakane

(Sotho)

The Fire Finisher(!Xu Bushmen)

Female Hartebeest( /Xam Bushmen)

Male Hartebeest( /Xam Bushmen)

Magakgala

(Tswana, Sotho)

Naka, the Horn Star

(Sotho, Tswana,

Venda, Lobedu,

Ndebele, Pedi)

Ant Egg Star (/Xam)

iNtshola, the Cattle Thief (Zulu)

Old

Bag

of N

ight

(!Kun

g

Bush

men

)

iNon

qoyi

, the

Wild

ebee

st

(Zul

u)

Thud

a th

e

Mal

e G

iraffe

s

(Ven

da)

Dithut

lwa,

the

Female

Gira

ffes

(Soth

o, Ts

wana)

Ndemara, the Sw

eet-heart Star (Shona)

Ntshuna, the Kiss Me

Star (Tswana)

Thud

ana,

the

Littl

e G

iraffe

(Ven

da)

Setlhako sa naka,

the spoor of Naka

(Sotho)Xami di mura, the Eyes of the Lion (Khoikhoi)

Female Steenbok

( /Gwi Bushmen)

isiLimela (Zulu, Xhosa); Kilimia

(Kiswahili); Selemela (Sotho,

Tswana), Shirimela (Tsonga),

Tshilimela (Venda), The Digging

Stars; !Khunuseti, the Stars of

Spring (Khoikhoi)

The

Fire

Fin

isher

( /Gwi

Bus

hmen

)

iQhawe, The Champion (Xhosa);

inDonsa, Pulling (Zulu); Kgogamasigo,

Pulls the Night Across (Tswana);

Khohamutsho, Pulling out the Dawn

(Venda); Kgogamashego, Draws up

the night (Sotho)Makolobe (Sotho), Dikolobe

(Tswana) The Pigs; Male Tortoises

(/Xam Bushmen); Three Travellers

(Rozi); Amakroza, Three Stars in a

Row (Xhosa); Three old men pursued

by lonesome widows (Masai)

Dintshwa (Sotho), dintsa le Dikolobe (Tswana) Three Dogs chasing the Pigs; Female Tortoises

(/Xam Bushmen); oNdwenjana, The Long-Stemmed Flower (Zulu)

The

Fire

Finis

her’s

Chil

d

( /Gwi

Bus

hmen

)

Indigenous stars shown on the Southern Star Wheel

Scientific name English name Indigenous nameAchernar The Little Horn Senakane (Sotho, Tswana);

Tshinanga (Venda)Aldebaran The Male Hartebeest /Xam Bushmenalpha & beta Crucis The Male Giraffes Thuda (Venda)Altair The Female Steenbok /Gwi BushmenAntares The Fire-Finishing

Star!Xu Bushmen

Arcturus The Fire Finisher’s Child

/Gwi Bushmen

Betelgeuse Female Hartebeest /Xam BushmenCanopus The Horn Star Naka (Sotho, Tswana, Venda,

Lobedu, Ndebele, Pedi)Canopus The Ant Egg Star /Xam BushmenCapella The Cattle Thief iNtshola (Zulu)Castor The Female Eland /Xam BushmenCoal Sack Old Bag of the Night Nyae Nyae !Kung BushmenFomalhaut The Sweetheart Star Ndemara (Shona)Fomalhaut The Kiss Me Star Ntshuna (Tswana)gamma & delta Crucis

The Little Giraffe Thudana (Venda)

Large Magellanic Cloud

The Spoor of the Horn Star

Setlhako sa naka (Sotho)

mu-1 & mu-2 Sco The Eyes of the Lion xami di mura (Khoikhoi)Orion’s Belt The Pigs Makolobe (Sotho); Dikolobe

(Tswana)Orion’s Belt The Male Tortoises /Xam BushmenOrion’s Belt The Three Travellers RoziOrion’s Belt Three Stars in a Row Amakroza (Xhosa)Orion’s Belt Three old men

pursued by lonesome widows

Masai

Orion’s Sword Three Dogs chasing the Pigs

Dintshwa (Sotho); dintsa le Dikolobe (Tswana)

Orion’s Sword The Female Tortoises /Xam BushmenOrion’s Sword The Long-Stemmed

FloweroNdwenjana (Zulu)

Peacock The Female Steenbok /Gwi BushmenPleiades The Digging Stars isiLimela (Zulu, Xhosa); Kilimia

(Kiswahili); Selemela (Sotho, Tswana); Shirimela (Tsonga); Tshilimela (Venda)

Pleiades The Stars of Spring !Khunuseti (Khoikhoi)Pointers The Female Giraffes Dithutlwa (Sotho, Tswana)Pollux The Female Eland /Xam BushmenProcyon The Male Eland /Xam BushmenRegulus The Fire Finisher /Gwi BushmenSirius The Champion iQhawe (Xhosa)Sirius Pulls the Night

AcrossKgogamasigo (Tswana); Kgogamashego (Sotho)

Sirius Pulling out the Dawn Khohamutsho (Venda)Sirius Pulling inDonsa (Zulu)Small Magellanic Cloud

The Spoor of the Little Horn Star

Setlhako sa senakane (Sotho)

Spica The Wildebeest Star iNonqoyi (Zulu)Vega The Male steenbok /Gwi Bushmen

Cut along theoutside of this line