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Transcript of · Web viewYou may choose to do word descriptions or visual descriptions as you see fit. All...
Anatomy Project
Materials: MarkersTransparency PaperCopy PaperAnatomy Pictures
Procedures All parts must be done by hand In transparency paper:
o Traced drawing of each system in color o Number labels for each organ (do not use same number again across entire project)
In copy paper (1-2 per system):o Place a title with name of system on topo List overall function of the systemo List organs using numbers that match labels on drawingso Give the function for each organ/structure
For Parts II: Systems/organs on copy paper / overall function listed Items to be labeled / function listed on white paper
For Part III:You may choose to do word descriptions or visual descriptions as you see fitAll criteria must be discussed
Resource Suggestions:www.innerbody.comhttp://www.visiblebody.com/http://www.3dscience.com/Resources/3d_Human_Anatomy.phphttp://www.mhhe.com/biosci/esp/2002_general/Esp/default.htm
AP ONLY: You may choose to TEST OUT of this project (by part; each part is a test)You must earn 85% or higher on a key term test out. You must test out prior to the project due date
Part I – Systems
1. Nervous System2. Brain3. Signal Cord4. Peripheral Nerves
5. Respiratory System6. Nose7. Epiglottis8. Pharynx9. Larynx10. Trachea11. Bronchi12. Bronchioles13. Lungs
14. Digestive System15. Mouth16. Salivary Glands6. Pharynx (Not to be defined again)17. Esophagus18. Stomach19. Liver20. Gallbladder21. Pancreas22. Small Intestine23. Large Intestine24. Rectum
25. Excretory System71. Skin13. Lungs
26. Liver27. Kidneys28. Ureters29. Urinary Bladder30. Urethra
31. Skeletal System32. Bones33. Cartilage34. Ligaments35. Tendons
36. Muscular System37. Skeletal Mucle38. Smooth Muscle39. Cardiac Muscle
40. Circulatory System41. Heart42. Veins43. Arteries44. Blood
45. Female Reproductive System46. Ovaries47. Fallopian Tubes48. Uterus49. Vagina
50. Male Reproductive System51. Testes52. Epididymis 53. vas deferens54. Urethra55. Penis
56. Endocrine System57. Hypothalamus58. Pituitary59. Thyroid60. Parathyroid61. Adrenals62. Pancreas46. Ovaries (No need to be repeated)51. Testes (No need to be repeated)
63. Lymphatic System64. White blood cells65. Thoracic Duct41. Heart66. Superior Vena Cava67. Thymus68. Spleen69. Lymph nodes70. Lymph vessels
71. Integumentary System (See skin cross section on Part II)
Part II – Structures
Skin Cross Sectiono Skino Hairo Nailso Sweat Glandso Sebaceous Glandso Epidermiso Dermiso Hypodermiso Fato Nerveso Blood vesselso Sweat poreo Hair follicle
Nerve Cello Dendriteso Nucleuso Cell Bodyo Axono Myelin sheatho Nodeso Axon Terminals
Cerebrumo Frontal Lobeo Temporal Lobeo Parietal Lobeo Occipital Lobe
Braino Cerebrumo Corpus Colosum o Thalamuso Hypothalamuso Hyppocampuso Pineal Glando Pituitary Glando Cerebellumo Midbraino Brain Stem (Pons + Medulla
Oblongata)o Spinal Cord
Eyeo Corneao Aqueous Humoro Pupilo Iriso Lenso Ligamentso Muscleo Vitreous Humoro Retinao Blood Vessels
o Choroido Sclerao Foveao Optic Nerveo Rods o Cones
Earo Ear Lobeo Auditory Canalo Tympanumo Hammero Anvilo Stirrupo Oval Windowo Round Windowo Semicircular Canalso Cochlear nerveo Cochleao Boneo Eustachian Tube
Heart & Circulationo Systemic Circulationo Pulmonary Circulationo Myocardiumo Coronary Arterieso Coronary Veinso Septumo Superior Vena Cavao Inferior Vena Cavao Right Atriumo Tricuspid Valveo Right Ventricleo Pulmonary Valveo Pulmonary Arteryo Pulmonary Veinso Left Atriumo Mitral Valveo Left Ventricleo Aortic Valveo Capillaries of head and armso Capillaries of left lungo Capillaries of right lungo Capillaries of abdominal organs
and legs Blood Vessels
o Connective Tissueo Smooth Muscleo Endotheliumo Artery o Arterioleo Capillary
o Veino Valve
Lungso Bronchioleo Pulmonary Arteryo Pulmonary Veino Alveolio Diaphragm o Edge of Pleural Membrane
Axial Skeletono Skullo Sternumo Ribso VertebralColum
Appendicular Skeletono Clavicleo Scapulao Humeruso Radiuso Ulnao Carpalso Metacarpalso Phalangeso Femuro Patellao Fibulao Tibiao Tarsalso Metatarsalso Phalanges
Boneso Spongy Boneo Compact Boneo Periosteumo Bone Marrowo Spongy Boneo Osteocyteo Arteryo Veino Periosteumo Havarsian Canalo Compact Bone
Joints Typeso Hinge (e.g. Knee)o Pivot (e.g. Elbowo Saddle (e.g. Fingers)o Ball-and-Socket (e.g. Sholder)o Immovable (Skull)
Joint Structure (Knee)o Muscle
o Tendono Femuro Patellao Bursao Ligamento Synovial fluido Cartilageo Fato Fibulao Tibia
Muscleso Skeletal Muscleo Bundle of Muscle Fiberso Muscle fiber (cell)o Myofibrilo Z-Lineo Sarcomereo Myosino Actin
Moutho Molarso Bicuspidso Cuspido Incisorso Tongueo Salivary Glandso Taste Buds
Small intestine & Absorptiono Circular foldso Villio Villuso Epithelial cellso Capillarieso Lymph vesselso Veino Artery
Kidneyo Cortexo Medullao Renal Arteryo Renal Vein
o Uretero Loop of Henleo Bowman’s Capsuleo Glomeruluso Nephrono Capillarieso Collecting duct
Male Reproductive Systemo Urinary bladdero Vas deferenso Pubic boneo Urethrao Peniso Seminal vesicleo Rectumo Prostrate glando Bulbourethral glando Epididymiso Testiso Scrotumo Corpus Spongiosumo Corpora Cavernosao Coronao Perineal Rapheo Meiring's sulcus
Spermo Heado Nucleuso Mitochondriao Midpiece
o Tail Female Reproductive System
o Fallopian Tubeo Ovaryo Uteruso Urinary Bladdero Pubic Boneo Urethrao Cervixo Rectumo Vaginao Labia Minorao Labia Majorao Clitoral Hoodo Clitoriso Vulvao Skene’s Glando Clitorial Glanso G-spoto Bartholin’s glando Urethral Opening
Ovum
Part III – Conceptual Drawings / Written Explanations
Sodium-Potassium Pump Action Potential
o Resting Potentialo Thresholdo Action potential
Synapseo Synaptic clefo Axon terminalo Axono Vesicleo Dendrite or adjacent neurono Receptoro Neurotransmitter
Arc Reflexo Sensory Receptorso Sensory Neurono Interneurono Motor neurono Effectoro Spinal Cord
Visiono Rodso Coneso Foveao Retinao Lenseso Pupils / Iris
Hearing & Balanceo Cochleao Hairso Semicircular Canals
Taste buds Touch
o Paino Temperatureo Pressureo Sensitive zones
Drugso Stimulantso Depressantso Cocaineo Opiateso Marijuanao Alcoholo Drug abuseo Drug addictiono Drug resistance
Muscle Contractiono Myosino Actino Cross-bridgeo Binding sites
o ATP
Muscle Contraction Controlo Neuromuscular junctiono Acetylcholineo Strong Contractiono Weak Contraction
Muscle to Bone Interactiono Tendonso Opposing Pairs
Exercise and Healtho Use vs. Disuseo Muscle toneo Aerobic exerciseso Resistance exercises
Skin Proteinso Keratino Melanin o Hairo Nails
Heartbeato Pacemakero Heart rateo Blood pressure
Heart diseaseo Atherosclerosiso Cardiac failureo Heart Attacko Stroke
Bloodo Plasmao Red Blood Cellso White Blood Cello Platelets
Breathing o Gas exchangeo Motionso Controlo Harms of smoking
Food and Energyo Calorieo Nutrients
Carbohydrates Protein Fats Vitamins (Types/
Source/Functions) Mineral (Types/
Source/Functions)o Balanced Diet
Digestiono Salivao Amylaseo Peristalsiso Chemical Digestion
(Source/Active Site/Enzyme/Effect on Food)
o Mechanical Digestiono Villi & Small Intestine
Absorptiono Large Intestineo Disorders
Kidneyso Filtrationo Reabsorptiono Urine formationo Urine testingo Urine stoneso Controlo Dialysis
Hormoneso Steroid vs. Nonsteroidso Glands / Hormones / Target /
Functiono Prostaglandin
Sexual Developmento Pubertyo Sperm Developmento Sperm Releaseo Egg Developmento Egg Releaseo Menstrual Cycle
Follicular Phase Ovulation Luteal Menstruation
o STD’s Embryonic Development
o Fertilizationo Implantationo Differentiation
Gastrulation Neurulation Extra embryonic
Membranes (including placenta)
Health Generalo Germ Theoryo Pathogenso Diseaseo Koch’s Postulateso Agents
Viruses Bacteria Protists Worms Fungi
o Transmissions Physical Contact Air Infected Animals Food & Water
o Treatment Antibiotics Vaccines Antivirals Antifungals Over-the-counter drugs
o Prevention Air quality
Carbon Monoxide
Ozone Particulates:
Sand/Dust/Ash/Lead/Mercury/Asbestos
Pesticide Fertilizer
Water Quality Pesticide Fertilizers
Toxic chemicals
Sewage Diet Exercised Rest Abstinence Checkups
Immune Systemo Immunityo Non-specific immunityo First-line (Infection prevention)
Skins Mucous Lysozyme Cilia Digestive enzymes
o Second-line (infection containment)
Inflammatory Response Fever Blood vessel thickening White blood cell
migration Phagocytosis Interferon
o Third-Line (Specific Immunity) Antibodies Humoral Immunity Cell-Mediated
Immunity Transplants
o Acquired-Immunity Vaccination Active immunity Passive immunity
o Allergies Allergens Histamines
o Asthmao Autoimmune diseaseso AIDS
Virus Transmission Prevention Cure/Treatment
Cancero Benign tumor vs. cancero Cure vs. need vs. pleitropyo Intracellular vs. extracellular
mutation controlo Increasing chances (Causing)
Carcinogens Radiation Compromised Immune
System: Old/Young/Immune Disorder
o Decreasing chances (Prevention) Exercise Proper diet Strong immune system Decreasing exposure to
carcinogens and radiation
Routine scans / examinations
o Treatment Radiation Chemotherapy Surgery