URINARYBIO 312

URINARY FUNCTIONS

‣ There are three major functions of the urinary system:

1. Filtration 2. Absorption 3. Secretion

RENAL ANATOMY

Renal Artery

Renal Pelvis

Renal Pyramid

Renal Column

Renal Sinus

Renal Cortex

Renal Capsule

Renal Vein

Ureter

Major Calyx

Minor Calyx

Hilum

RENAL VASCULATURE

Renal Artery

Segmental Arteries

Lobar Arteries

Interlobar Arteries

Arcuate Arteries

Interlobular Arteries

Glomerulus

Efferent Arteriole

Afferent Arteriole

Interlobular Veins

Peritubular Capillaries

Arcuate VeinsInterlobar Veins

Lobar Veins

Segmented Veins

Renal Vein

NEPHRON ANATOMY

Glomerulus

Collecting DuctAfferent Arteriole

Bowman's Capsule

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

Descending Limb

Loop of Henle

Ascending Limb

Distal Convoluted TubuleEfferent Arteriole

ANATOMY OF BOWMAN'S CAPSULE

} Urinary Pole{Vascular Pole

Parietal Layer (Simple Squamous)

Visceral Layer

ANATOMY OF GLOMERULUS

Glomerulus- Fenestrated capillaries within the Bowman's Capsule. Site of Filtration.

Podocytes- Cell body's with primary and secondary processes known as pediciels. From filtration slits.

Afferent Arteriole

Efferent Arteriole

Vascular Endothelium

Podocyte

Pediciels of PodocytesPediciels of Podocytes

Parietal Layer of Bowman's Capsule

Visceral Layer of Bowman's Capsule (Podocytes)

Urinary Space

PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

‣ Cuboidal Cells; low concentration of columnar epithelium

‣ Lined with microvilli known as brush border

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

‣ Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

‣ No microvilli or brush border

‣ Smaller cell size

‣ Flatter cells with easier to see nuclei

Distal Convoluted Tubule

LOOP OF HENLE

‣ Lined with Simple Cuboidal Cells

‣ Associated with a vascular network known as the Vasa Recta

‣ The vasa recta arises from the efferent arterioles Loop of Henle

ANATOMY OF BLADDERUreters

Detruser MuscleTrigone

Pubic Bone

Urethra

External Urethral Sphincter (skeletal)

BLADDER HISTOLOGY

‣ Mucosa Layer:

‣ Lined with Transitional Epithelium

‣ Muscularis Layer:

‣ Dense layer of smooth muscle

‣ Detrusor Muscle

‣ Adventitial / Serous layer:

‣ Membrane