Traumatic / Acute occurs instantly as a result of a specific

incident

Causes: an outside force which comes into contact

with the body with sufficient force to cause soft tissue damage, e.g kick to shin or fall onto shoulder

A sudden forceful action or uncoordinated movement which causes over-stretching of soft tissues, e.g. straining a calf muscle when pushing off for a tennis shot

CHRONICACUTE

‘Overuse injury’ first defined by Slocum & James (1968) regarding running injuries

Increasingly common; at least 50-60% of all sports injuries, although true incidence is not known

Related to extrinsic factors such as training errors, poorly designed sporting equipment, unsuitable environmental conditions

Also related to intrinsic factors such as anatomical malalignments & muscle imbalance

Overuse injuries in athletes are generally due to overload of the musculo-skeletal system

Factors implicated in overuse injuries can be classified as extrinsic or intrinsic

In groups of 3 brainstorm as many INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC risk factors as you can think of.

Listing what injuries you think may occur as a result of each.

Fitness / strength Poor flexibility Nutrition Sleep Previous Injury Posture defects eg lordosis, kyphosis,

scoliosis Weak joints Training effects: muscle

imbalance

Poor endurancePoor warm upOveruseGenderAgeGrowthWeightHeightExcessive body fat

Internal risk factors refer to factors from within the body

Coaching / leadership Communication Incorrect technique Environmental factors Bad weather Adherence to rules Governing body

guidelines Foul play Poor refereeing

Bad lightingUneven playing surfaceClothing and footwearSafety hazardsSafety checks, misuse of equipment, Faulty equipmentFirst aid provisionRisk assessments