托福听力功能题， so easy!

小马公开课 400-663-1986

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托福听力功能题， so easy!

成萌托福听力老师SAT 词汇老师

妈妈再也不用担心我的托福听力了

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小马公开课 400-663-1986


萌百科卖得了萌耍得了 2

扮得了正太演得了御姐装得了萝莉


小马公开课 400-663-1986


类型Basic

comprehension基本信息题

Pragmatic Understandin

g实际理解题Connecting information整合信息题

难度系数 * ** ***百分比 50% 25% 25%

题型主旨题 gist 功能题

function观点组织题

organization

细节题 detail态度题

attitudestance

推理推断题relationship


小马公开课 400-663-1986


功能题Why dose professor/sb mention/talk about/ discuss…为什么教授提到…？（提到…的功能是什么？）重听的功能题 + 普通功能题 6-8 道 /34 道题


小马公开课 400-663-1986


功能题（对话，讲座通用）功能题必然为主旨服务

提到 A 为 B(B 是主旨的分论点 )“ 服务”，A 的存在不重要，故提到 A 的细节不重要


小马公开课 400-663-1986


1 举例证明（用具体的例子证明抽象的道理）illustrate a point that... give an example ofdemonstrate show


小马公开课 400-663-1986


TPO17-6 octopusWhy does the professor say this? To point out an error To illustrate a point To propose an explanation To correct a misunderstanding


小马公开课 400-663-1986


So the octopus has the ability to mimic both the color and the texture of its environment. And it’s truly amazing how well it can blend in with its surroundings, （ that ） you can easily swim within a few feet of an octopus and never see it. 抽象观点：章鱼变形真的很厉害形象例子：从它身边几英尺的地方游过也不会发现它


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Why does the professor say thisTo show how slow canoe travel wasTo illustrate the size of a geographic areaTo compare different means of travelTo describe how waterways change over time


小马公开课 400-663-1986


The canoes allow them to travel over a vast area that today it would take a few hours to fly over.抽象观点：大片区域形象例子：飞机都需要飞好几个小时


小马公开课 400-663-1986


TPO2-1Why does the professor tell the man about the appointment at the doctor's office?To demonstrate a way of remembering thingsTo explain why she needs to leave soonTo illustrate a point that appears in his reportTo emphasize the importance of good health


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Student: Hmm . . . something just came into my mind and went out the other side.Professor: That happens to me a lot, so I’ve come up with a pretty good memory management tool. I carry a little pad with me all the time and jot down questions or ideas that I don’t want to forget. For example, I went to the doctor with my daughter and her baby son last week and we knew we wouldn’t remember everything we wanted to ask the doctor, so we actually made a list of five things we wanted answers to.

Student: A notepad is a good idea. Since I’m so busy now at the end of the semester, I’m getting pretty forgetful these days. OK. I just remembered what I was trying to say before.


小马公开课 400-663-1986


TPO1-4Why does Matthew mention Greek and Roman mythology?To identify a topic frequently discussed in third gradeTo get the professor's opinion about a lesson he taughtTo make a suggestion to improve the class he is takingTo illustrate a technique used to teach a third-grade class


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Professor: It seems that Mr. Grable has mastered the interdisciplinary approach to teaching — the way we’ve been talking about in class.

Student: Oh! OK, yeah, so like when he was teaching them astronomy, he didn't just teach them the names of the planets, he used it as a way to teach mythology.

Professor: Really! So, how did he do that?Student: Well, some of the students could already name the planets, but they

didn’t know that the names had any meaning — the stories behind them.

Professor: So, he…Student: He introduced Greek and Roman mythology as a way of explaining.

Like, you know, how like Jupiter’s the biggest planet, right, and how Jupiter was the name of the king of the gods in Roman mythology, right? So since Jupiter, the planet, is the largest planet in our solar system, it’s like the king of the planets, like Jupiter was the king of all the gods.

Professor: Oh, Mathew, that’s a great example.


小马公开课 400-663-1986


2 解释说明（用抽象的道理解释 / 归纳具体的例子）Explain/ point out


小马公开课 400-663-1986


TPO16-3 PianoWhy does the professor describe how a piano works'? A. To explain why pianos are easy to play B. To explain why pianos are expensive to construct C. To explain why pianos are not classified as string instruments D. To explain why pianos do not require frequent tuning


小马公开课 400-663-1986


红色部分是答案蓝色部分是高端大气上档次的复杂原理，不考

Now, unlike the harpsichord which came before it, the piano is a percussion instrument. You see, the harpsichord is actually classified as a string instrument, since pressing a key of a harpsichord causes a tiny quill that’s connected to the key to pluck the strings that are inside the instrument, much the same as a guitar pick plucks the strings of a guitar But pressing the keys of a piano causes tiny felt-covered hammers to strike the strings inside the instrument, like drumsticks striking the head of a drum. This striking action is why the piano is a percussion instrument instead of a string instrument.


小马公开课 400-663-1986


3 介绍引入（类比）两个事物具有可比性A 比较简单或比较有趣，提到 A 帮助引入 BIntroduce

~ 甄嬛体起兴


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Why does the professor first mention Proteus? To explain how the octopus got its scientific name To introduce the octopus' exceptional abilitiesTo point out that the octopus played an important role in Greek mythology To provide an example of a mythological character that was part animal and part human


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Well, let me back up here a second. （插入） Anyone ever heard of Proteous? Proteus was a God in Greek mythology who could change form. He could make himself look like a lion or a stone or a tree, anything you wanted, and he could go through a whole series of changes very quickly. Well, the octopus is the real world version of Proteus. Just like Proteus, the octopus can go through all kinds of incredible transformations.


小马公开课 400-663-1986


4 对比 contrast鲜花还需绿叶来配 “ 踩一个，捧一个” A 是炮灰，陪衬


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Why does the professor mention the Golden Gate Bridge?To demonstrate a disadvantage of steel cablesTo give an example of the creative use of colorTo show that steel cables are able to resist salt waterTo give an example of a use of Manila hemp


小马公开课 400-663-1986


According to the professor, what was the main reason that many shipsused Manila hemp ropes instead of steel cables?Manila hemp was cheaperManila hemp was easier to produceManila hemp is more resistant to salt waterManila hemp is lighter in weight


小马公开课 400-663-1986


And this combination of characteristics—long, strong, flexible, resistant to salt water—makes Manila hemp a great material for ropes, especially for ropes that are gonna be used on ocean-going ships. In fact, by the early 1940’s, even though steel cables were available, most ships in the United States Navy were not moored with steel cables; they were moored with Manila hemp ropes. Now, why was that? Well, the main reason was that steel cables degrade very, very quickly in contact with salt water. If you’ve ever been to San Francisco, you know that the Golden Gate Bridge is red. And it’s red because of the zinc paint that goes on those stainless steel cables. That, if they start at one end of the bridge and they work to the other end, by the time they finish, it’s already time to go back and start painting the beginning of the bridge again, because the bridge was built with steel cables, and steel cables can’t take the salt air unless they’re treated repeatedly with a zinc-based paint.


小马公开课 400-663-1986


参考笔记


小马公开课 400-663-1986


5 纠错说得不对 / 说得不准 / 说得不清楚clarify ， correct a mistake ， make…clear


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Why does the professor compare Earth's movements to a watch? A. To clarify a common misunderstanding B. To show in what way Earth is similar to a watchC. To emphasize the regularity of Earth s movements

D.To connect the concepts of orbits and time


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Ok, a lot of people think of earth’s orbit around the sun as being perfectly circular, as smooth and as regular as, say, the way that hands move on a well-made watch, but it just doesn’t work that way.


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Why does the professor say this?To answer a question that Carol askedTo correct a statement that Carol madeTo praise Carol for an example that she gaveTo give an example of a principle that Carol stated


小马公开课 400-663-1986


Now before I go on, let me just respond to something Carol was saying--- this idea that bats are blind. Actually, there are some species of bats, the ones that don’t use echolocation, that do rely on their vision for navigation, but it is true that for many bats, their vision is too weak to count on.


小马公开课 400-663-1986


功能题解法 5 种1 ：举例证明 50%2 ：解释说明3 ：介绍引入4 ：对比陪衬5 ：改错纠正其他：下定义


小马公开课 400-663-1986


TPO7-2 well-made playWhy does the professor say this?To help students understand the meaning of a new termTo indicate that his point is not related to the main topic of the lectureTo emphasize one element of a play over all othersTo begin to summarize the main points of the lectureTPO2-3 behaviorism TPO2-3

behaviorism


小马公开课 400-663-1986


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托福听力功能题， so easy!

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