Present in Snake, Clearwater, Present in Snake, Clearwater, and Salmon River drainagesand Salmon River drainages

Provide valuable fishery Provide valuable fishery

Well documented variation in Well documented variation in ocean life history (A vs B run)ocean life history (A vs B run)

High variation in freshwater High variation in freshwater habitat characteristicshabitat characteristics

Freshwater life history not Freshwater life history not extensively studied in Idahoextensively studied in Idaho

ESA listed in 1997ESA listed in 1997

AbundanceAbundanceHow many of them are How many of them are

there?there?

ProductivityProductivityHow well do they How well do they

reproduce & survive?reproduce & survive?

Spatial structureSpatial structureWhere are they?Where are they?

DiversityDiversityWhat are they like?What are they like?

No population specific No population specific datadata

Used aggregate A-run, B-Used aggregate A-run, B-run data for adults at run data for adults at Lower Granite DamLower Granite Dam Divided abundance to Divided abundance to

population within run-typepopulation within run-type Assumed all had same run-Assumed all had same run-

type productivitytype productivity Limited information on life Limited information on life

history or spatial history or spatial structurestructure

Compare/contrast freshwater life history dataCompare/contrast freshwater life history data

Examine implications for population Examine implications for population productivityproductivity

East Fork Potlatch East Fork Potlatch RiverRiver

Crooked Fork Crooked Fork CreekCreek

Fish CreekFish Creek

Rapid RiverRapid River

Big Bear CreekBig Bear Creek

Little SalmonLittle Salmon(A-run)(A-run)

Lower Lower ClearwaterClearwater

(A-run)(A-run)LochsaLochsa(B-run)(B-run)

StreamElevation

(ft)

Annual Precipitatio

n (in)Geology Land use

Big Bear Creek

1200-4983 22-30Loess/

volcanic ashAgriculture

East Fork Potlatch

River2685-4400 22-45

Volcanic ash/loess

Forestry

Fish Creek 2000-6540 30-55Volcanic

ash/graniteLimited Forestry

Crooked Fork Creek

3442-6340 35-55Volcanic

ash/graniteForestry

Rapid River 2100-8660 14-30Colluvium/

basaltWilderness

Use 2008 emigrant data from screw trapsUse 2008 emigrant data from screw traps Abundance, scale samples, PIT tagsAbundance, scale samples, PIT tags

MetricsMetrics Emigrant abundanceEmigrant abundance

Timing from natal streamTiming from natal stream

Age compositionAge composition

Length at ageLength at age

Detections in Snake/Columbia hydrosystemDetections in Snake/Columbia hydrosystem

Compare/contrast freshwater life history Compare/contrast freshwater life history datadata

Stream Spring Summer Fall

Big Bear Creek

3,492 1,245 670

East Fork Potlatch River

1,912 2,706 3,749

Fish Creek 751 3,236 11,960

Crooked Fork 63,679 37,879 3,431

Rapid River 2,380 1,121 1,664

SprinSpringgSummeSummerrFallFall

Age -0Age -0

Age -1Age -1

Age -2Age -2

Age -3Age -3

Age -4Age -4

Stream Spring tagsSummer

tagsFall tags

Big Bear Creek

0.54 0.16 0.13

East Fork Potlatch River

0.27 0.20 0.16

Fish Creek 0.40 0.35 0.43

Crooked Fork Creek

0.62 0.41 0.55

Rapid River 0.54 0.04 0.33

• Spring tags detected in year of tagging (Sp 2008)Spring tags detected in year of tagging (Sp 2008)• Summer and fall tags detected year after tagging (Sp Summer and fall tags detected year after tagging (Sp 2009)2009)

A variety of life history strategies A variety of life history strategies observed between the populationsobserved between the populations

Juvenile rearing completed within natal Juvenile rearing completed within natal streams and downstream reachesstreams and downstream reaches

Lower elevation populations have Lower elevation populations have younger age structure than high younger age structure than high elevationelevation

Examine implications for population Examine implications for population productivityproductivity

Use abundance, age structure, & Use abundance, age structure, & assumed survival to estimate initial fry assumed survival to estimate initial fry abundanceabundance

Use abundance & apparent migration Use abundance & apparent migration survival to LGD to estimate smolt survival to LGD to estimate smolt productionproduction

Productivity measure is smolts per fryProductivity measure is smolts per fry

Natal Stream Annual Survival

Stream S = 0.5 S = 0.33

Big Bear Creek 0.138 (1.00) 0.066 (1.00)

EFK Potlatch River 0.083 (0.60) 0.045 (0.68)

Fish Creek 0.106 (0.77) 0.042 (0.63)

Crooked Fork 0.074 (0.54) 0.019 (0.29)

Rapid River 0.058 (0.42) 0.017 (0.26)

• Survival Relative to Big Bear Creek in Survival Relative to Big Bear Creek in parenthesesparentheses

Productivity differences within Technical Productivity differences within Technical Recovery Team populations Recovery Team populations (Fish Cr v. Crooked Fk / Big Bear v. EFK Potlatch)(Fish Cr v. Crooked Fk / Big Bear v. EFK Potlatch)

Decreasing natal stream survival increases Decreasing natal stream survival increases relative advantage of Big Bear & EFK relative advantage of Big Bear & EFK PotlatchPotlatch

B-run populations need increased smolt-B-run populations need increased smolt-adult survival & fecundities to make up for adult survival & fecundities to make up for older age structureolder age structure

Variation in freshwater life history Variation in freshwater life history important to population stabilityimportant to population stability

Low elevation populations very resilientLow elevation populations very resilient Results similar to genetic & parr density Results similar to genetic & parr density

studiesstudies

High “value” of habitat restoration High “value” of habitat restoration projects for lower elevation populationsprojects for lower elevation populations

Further investigations of high elevation Further investigations of high elevation & Salmon River populations& Salmon River populations