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中国认证认可活动的发展The Development of China Certification and Accreditation

国家认证认可监督管理委员会总工程师 刘卫军Mr. LIU Weijun, Chief Technical SupervisorCertification and Accreditation Administration of the People’s Republic of China (CNCA)2009 年 10 月 13 日 Oct.13,2009

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主要内容Main Structure

1 、发展历程 Development course2 、中国现行的认证认可管理制度 Current management system3 、管理和实施机构 Regulatory authorities and implementation agencies44 、中国认证认可主要实践成果、中国认证认可主要实践成果 Main achievementsMain achievements5 、中国的认证认可发展与国际同步中国的认证认可发展与国际同步 In pace with international certification and accreditationIn pace with international certification and accreditation66 、当前中国认证认可工作的重点、当前中国认证认可工作的重点 Highlights and priorities at current stage Highlights and priorities at current stage

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1 、发展历程Development course● 1981 年 4 月，建立了第一个产品认证机构 , 中国电子元器件认证委员会。

CCEE was established as the first product certification body in Apr. 1981.

● 1983 年启动实验室认可制度。 Laboratory accreditation system was launched in 1983.● 1994 年启动认证机构认可制度。 Accreditation of certification bodies was launched in 1994.● 1995 年启动认证评审员注册制度。 Registration of certification auditors was launched in 1995. 此后，中国各类产品认证、体系认证和服务认证以及中国的认可工作随着中国市场经济发展和中国不断融入国际经济体系之中而不断完善发展。

Various kinds of certification for product, management system and

service as well as accreditation have been constantly improved together with the development of market economy in China and China’s integration into the world economic system.

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1 、发展历程Development course

● 1988 年 12 月，《中华人民共和国标准化法》颁布实施，明确实施质量认证工作等。 Standardization Law of the People’s Republic of China was

promulgated in Dec. 1988 to set up quality certification system.● 1989 年 8 月，《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法》颁布实施，明确在进出口商品领域开展质量认证工作。 Law of the People's Republic of China on Import and Export

Commodity Inspection was promulgated in Aug.1989 to set up quality certification system in import/export commodities.● 1991 年 5 月，国务院发布了《中华人民共和国产品质量认证管理条例》，全面规定了认证的宗旨、性质、组织管理、认证条件和程序、认证机构、罚则等。

Regulations of the People’s Republic of China for the Administration of Product Quality Certification was promulgated in May 1991 by the State Council to stipulate the main objective, nature, administration, certification requirements and procedures, certification bodies and penalties, etc.

1 、发展历程Development course

● 1993 年 2 月，《中华人民共和国产品质量法》颁布，明确质量认证制度为国家的基本质量监督制度。 Law of the People's Republic of China on Product Quality was

promulgated in Feb 1993 to specify quality certification as an essential national quality supervision system.

中国认证认可制度逐步进入到法治化轨道。 China certification and accreditation system has gradually

entered into a stage ruled by laws and regulations.

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1 、发展历程Development course

● 2001 年国家认监委成立 CNCA was established in 2001.● 2003 年《中华人民共和国认证认可条例》颁布 Regulations on certification and accreditation of the

People’s Republic of China was promulgated in 2003 自此，中国的认证认可工作进入国家统一管理，全面规范化、法治化阶段。 From then on, China certification and accreditation entered a

new stage of unified management, overall regulating and supervision based on laws and regulations.

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2 、中国现行的认证认可管理制度Current Management System

●统一的认证认可监督管理制度（统一管理、共同实施）Unified certification and accreditation supervision system

(unified management and joint implementation)●统一的认可制度 (06 年 CNAS ） Unified accreditation system

(CNAS was established in 2006)●自愿性认证和强制性认证相结合的认证制度 Combination of compulsory certification and voluntary

certification

2 、中国现行的认证认可管理制度Current Management System●认证机构、认证培训机构和咨询机构的审批制度Approval system for certification bodies, certification training and

consultancy bodies●认证从业人员注册管理制度 Registration system for certification-related personnel●实验室、检查机构的资质认定制度Qualification verification and approval system for laboratory and

inspection bodies

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2 、中国现行的认证认可管理制度Current Management System●行之有效的监督管理制度Effective supervision system法律约束、行政监管、认可约束、行业自律、社会监督Law-binding, administrative supervision, accreditation, self-

discipline and social supervision ●符合认证认可行业特点的法律责任制度Legal liability system based on characteristics of certification and

accreditation 认证认可监督管理部门；认可机构；认证机构、检测机构；被认证对象的关系人；产品 / 服务经营活动者。Supervision authority, accreditation bodies, certification bodies,

testing bodies, certified bodies, product/service operators.●统一规范、积极推动的国际合作制度 Unified and active international cooperation system

3 、管理和实施机构Regulatory authorities and implementation agencies

●行政监督管理部门regulatory authority●认可机构：Accreditation body●认证及相关机构Certification bodies and related bodies

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3 、管理和实施机构Regulatory authorities and implementation agencies

●行政监督管理部门 regulatory authority 中国国家认证认可监督管理委员会 Certification and Accreditation Administration of People’s

Republic of China (CNCA) 2001 年 8 月成立，行政监管职能由中国国务院直接授权：统一监督、管理和综合协调中国认证认可工作。 CNCA was established in Aug.2001 and is authorized by the State

Council to exercise unified supervision, management and overall coordination for certification and accreditation activities across China

地方认证认可监督管理部门 Local certification and accreditation supervision departments

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3 、管理和实施机构Regulatory authorities and implementation agencies●认可机构： Accreditation body 中国合格评定国家认可委员会 China National Accreditation Service for Conformity

Assessment (CNAS) 负责产品认证机构、管理体系认证机构以及检查机构和实验室的资质能力认可。Responsible for the competence accreditation of product and

management system certification bodies , inspection bodies and laboratories

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3 、管理和实施机构Regulatory authorities and implementation agencies●认证及相关机构 Certification bodies and related bodies

内资认证机构 133 家； 133 Domestic CBs

外资的认证机构 35 家； 35 foreign-invested CBs

认证培训机构 38 家； 38 certification training bodies

认证咨询机构 430 家； 430 certification consultancy bodies

授权的认证从业人员注册机构： authorized registration body for certification personnel

中国认证认可协会 China Certification and Accreditation Association (CCAA)

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44 、中国认证认可主要实践成果、中国认证认可主要实践成果Main achievements Main achievements

●颁发各类认证证书数量△强制性产品认证 (CCC) 证书 25 万多张。 around 250,000 China Compulsory Certification (CCC) certificates△自愿性产品认证证书 10 多万张。 around 100,000 voluntary product certificates△ ISO9001 质量管理体系证书 22 万张。 220,000 ISO9001 certificates△ ISO14001 环境管理体系证书 4.5 万张。 45,000 ISO14001 certificates

44 、中国认证认可主要实践成果、中国认证认可主要实践成果Main achievementsMain achievements

△ GB/T28001 职业健康安全管理体系证书 2.3 万张。 23,000 GB/T28001 certificates △服务认证（绿色市场、商品售后、体育等） 249 张 249 service certification certificates (covering green market, product after sale, sports certification and

etc.)△认证从业人员近 6 万人 .认证覆盖多种领域、多种产品、涉及多种单位About 60,000 personnel covering various industries, products and

institutes

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44 、中国认证认可主要实践成果、中国认证认可主要实践成果Main achievementsMain achievements

●认可的认证机构、检查机构、实验室数量 △认可的认证机构 123 家 123 accredited certification bodies△认可的检查机构 153 家 153 accredited inspection bodies△认可的实验室 3802 家 3802 accredited labs认可覆盖认证、检查、检测活动各领域 accreditation covering all the fields including certification,

inspection and testing

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44 、中国认证认可主要实践成果、中国认证认可主要实践成果Main achievementsMain achievements

●认证认可对国民经济和社会发展的作用不断增强 Certification and accreditation are playing more and more

important role in national economic and social development.

44 、中国认证认可主要实践成果、中国认证认可主要实践成果Main achievementsMain achievements

△ 认证认可评价结果被社会各方面广泛采信 Certification and accreditation results are widely recognized and adopted by

various social sectors. 多部法律、行政法规中规定了应用相关认证认可制度；政府主管部门转变政府职能，在行政管理工作中积极采信认证认可的评价结果；获得节能环保认证的产品在政府采购中优先采购 ；企业和消费者利用认证认可的评价结果采购或者购买质量和安全性符合标准要求的产品、服务；强制性产品认证保护人身安全、环境、国家安全。 Many laws and regulations have stipulations related to certification and

accreditation. The government agencies are adopting more and more certification and accreditation results in their efforts of transforming government functions. Products passing energy-saving and environmental protection certification are given priority in government procurement. More enterprises and consumers purchase goods according to conformity assessment results or quality, safety marks. Compulsory product certification could protect safety of human being as well as national security.

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44 、中国认证认可主要实践成果、中国认证认可主要实践成果Main achievementsMain achievements

△企业通过认证，提高了产品、服务质量和管理水平 product, service quality and management level have been

enhanced through certification 获证企业产品的平均合格率为 92.06% ，未获证企业产品的平均合格率为 79.14% ；

The average rate of product quality above standard in certified enterprises is 92.06%, and in un-certified ones is 79.14%. 有 95.88% 的被调查企业认为认证能提高顾客的满意度， 95.31% 的企业认为认证能提高企业产品质量，有 88.64% 的企业认为认证能提高企业品牌知名度

95.88% of surveyed enterprises believe that certification could improve the customer satification,95.31% believe that certification could enhance product quality while 88.64% think certification could enhance the brand.

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44 、中国认证认可主要实践成果、中国认证认可主要实践成果Main achievementsMain achievements△认证认可在一定程度上促进了国民经济和社会的发展。

To a certain extent, certification and accreditation have been promoting the national economic and social development.

2005 年认证认可对我国经济增长的贡献率为 0.671% ，拉动率为0.32% 。其含义是：在 2005 年 18 万亿元 GDP 中认证认可事业作出了1229亿元的贡献；在 2005 年 10.4% 的 GDP 增幅中，认证认可拉动了0.32% ；认证认可对社会发展的贡献率为 0.314% 。其含义是：在当年社会发展水平提升幅度中，认证认可所做出的贡献为 0.314%

In 2005, certification and accreditation contributed 0.671% to Chinese economic growth with the pulling rate of 0.32%, i.e., within total GDP of 18 trillion Yuan, certification and accreditation contributed 122.9 billion Yuan. Within the total GDP growth of 10.4% in 2005, certification and accreditation pulled 0.32%. certification and accreditation contributed 0.314% to social development, i.e. within the growing volume, certification and accreditation contributed 0.314%.

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55 、中国的认证认可发展与国际同步、中国的认证认可发展与国际同步In pace with international certification and In pace with international certification and accreditationaccreditation ●积极采用国际标准和导则，建立中国认证认可制度，并有效实施（ ISO/

IEC 标准和指南）； to set up Chinese certification and accreditation system and

implement effectively by actively adopting international standards and guides (ISO/IEC standards and guides)

●积极参加 20 多个认证认可国际和区域组织，推动国际认证认可事业的发展； to actively participate in the activities of over 20 international/

regional certification and accreditation organizations to promote international certification and accreditation development.

●中国已与 24 国家和地区的 34 个政府、主管部门、合格评定机构签订了 37个合作协议或备忘录。 China has reached 37 agreements/ MOUs with 34 competent

government authorities or conformity assessment bodies from 24 countries/regions.

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66 、、当前中国认证认可工作的重点当前中国认证认可工作的重点highlights highlights and prioritiesand priorities●打造认证认可工作的科学性、有效性、服务性、权威性； To make the certification and accreditation more scientific,

effective, authoritative and more service-oriented●促进经济社会又好又快地发展：以产品质量和产品安全为核心，围绕质量效益型社会建设、节约型社会建设、环境友好型社会建设、创新型社会的建设、新农村建设；和谐社会建设，大力推动认证认可活动的应用。 to promote sound and fast economic and social development to put product quality and safety as the core element, actively

promote the application of certification and accreditation in the making of a quality and efficient, resources-saving, environment-friendly and creative society, in the new rural-area and harmonious society construction.

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http// www.cnca.gov.cnE-mail: liuwj@cnca.gov.cn

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谢谢！ Thank you!