للفيروسات العام التصنيف Classification

Lowff 1962 Bacteria , Plant , Animal

Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

International committee on Taxonomy of Viruses ICTV

الفيروس • مميزات

النووي • الحامض نوع

Classification

1. The classical system of classification:

DNA+ RNASymmetry of the capsidEnvelope (+) or (-)Virion diameter

Human herpesvirus 8Human herpesvirus 8

subfamily: Gammaherpesvirinaesubfamily: Gammaherpesvirinae

DNA-sequence DNA-sequence

HCV - FlaviviridaeHCV - Flaviviridae

cloned-DNAcloned-DNA

II- The Baltimore classification:“ Central Dogma” DNA mRNA Protein

I. (+&-) DNA (+) mRNAII. (+) DNA (+&-) DNAIII (+&-) RNA (+) mRNAIV (+) RNA (-) RNAV (-) RNA (+) mRNAVI (+) RNA (-) DNA

تصنيف بالتيمور

Baltimore classification

DNA mRNA Protein

(+) strand RNA mRNA

DNA mRNA+-

ATGATG GGG GGG CCCCCC , , DNA,RNADNA,RNA

TACTAC CCCCCC GGG , , GGG , , DNA,RNA DNA,RNA

AUGAUG GGGGGG CCCCCCmRNAmRNA

UACUAC CCCCCC GGGGGGmRNAmRNA

+

+

-

-

ATG GGG CCC GGG (+) , (-) , DNA , RNATAC CCC GGG CCC (+) , (-) , DNA , RNA

AUG GGG CCC GGG mRNA

OR

UAC CCC GGG CCC mRNA

ATG GGG CCC GGG (+) , DNA

TAC CCC GGG CCC (-) , DNA

AUG GGG CCC GGG mRNA

ATG GGG CCC GGG (-) , DNA

TAC CCC GGG CCC (+), DNA

UAC CCC GGG CCC mRNA

II- The Baltimore classification:“Central Dogma” DNA mRNA Protein

I. (+&-) DNA (+) mRNAII. (+) DNA (+&-) DNAIII (+&-) RNA (+) mRNAIV (+) RNA (-) RNAV (-) RNA (+) mRNAVI (+) RNA (-) DNA

تصنيف وتسمية الفيروساتTaxonomy and Nomenclature of viruses

Family/ عوائل

NA, Size, Shape, structure, Type replication

Genera / Species

Antigenicity

Base sequence homology (Protein or NA)

ICTV

Order – Family – Subfamily – Genus – Strain / Type

Suffix: Order: Virales

Family: ViridaeSubFamily: Virinae

Genus: VirusSpecies: I.V.

:Example مثالPoxviridaeHerpesviridaePicornaviridaeParamyxoviridae

Mononegavirales - OrderParamyxoviridae - FamilyParamyxovirinae - SubfamilyMorbillivirus - GenusMeasles virus - Species

ICTV > 4000 VirusesICTV > 4000 Viruses

Plant, Bacteria, Animal, Human Plant, Bacteria, Animal, Human …….ect…….ect

71 Family 71 Family عائلةعائلة

9 Subfamily 9 Subfamily عائلة عائلة تحت تحت

164 Genera 164 Genera جنسجنس

300 Viruses - human 300 Viruses - human

50 Syndrome50 Syndrome

Cultivation of زراعة الفيروساتviruses

1. Tissue culture المزارعالخلوية

2. Chick embryo أجنة الدجاج

3. Lab animal تجارب حيوان

Pathogenesis and oncogensis

Type of cell أنواع المزارع الخلوية culture

John Enders -1949

Noble prize / physiology 1954

Poliovirus T.C.T.C. New virus

Vaccines

Poliomyelitis, measles, Rubella

Primary Cell المزارع الخلوية األولية Culture

5 - 10 انقسامات

القر / …… وخاليا الخ الفئران ، اإلنسان ، د

* Vaccine

Poliomyelitis األطفال شلل

Primary monekey kidney cells

Live attenuated poliovirus vaccine

* Not oncogenic DNA

إنقسام 100 -

Vaccine: WI-38 Rabies - Inactivated vaccine

Secondary Cell المزارع الثانوية Culture

Diploid cell strain

Semi continuous خاليا شبه مستمرة cells

Continuous المزارع الخلوية - المستمرةCell line

Immortal line

Cells Rx

- tumor virus- carcinogenic Reagent

Aneuploid ex-Hep-2, Hela cells- Human

- Vero cells- monkey- L and 3T3 cells - Mice- BHK cells - Hamster

Tumor tissue

Lymphocytes culture الخاليا اللمفاوية

B- lymphocytes EBVT: Transformation, immortalization

T- lymphocytes IL-2

Suspension culture المزارع المعلقة

- Large number of cells

X-ray crystallography

T

Embryonated أجنة البيضeggs

يوم / 5-14

VaccineIafluenza Virus

Measles

التجارب Laboratory حيواناتanimals

-mutation تطفرPoliovirus oral- route

Needed For:HCV- chimpanzeeNorwalk virus Human

Gastrointritis