1

mTavarepiskoposi anania jafariZe

Soba, jvarcma, aRdgoma

da amaRleba

uflisa da macxovrisa Cvenisa

ie so qri stesi

1995

2

episkopos anania jafariZis winamdebare wigni mTlianad eyrdnoba

`axal aRTqmas~, maTes, markozis, lukasa da ioanes saxarebebs, mociqulTa

epistoleebs, wmida mamaTa ganmartebebs, Tanamedrove marTlmadidebeli

Teologebis naSromebs. igi warmoadgens Cveni uflisa da macxovris ieso

qristes cxovrebis istorias.

wigni gansazRvrulia damxmare saxelmZRvanelod sasuliero

saswavleblis studentebisa da farTo mkiTxveli sazogadoebisaTvis.

3

Soba qristesi

saqarTvelodan Sors saberZneTSi, aTonis wmida mTaze, iveronis

monastris berebi Zvelad wirvisas imeorebdnen im sagalobels, romelsac

Cvil ieso qristes yovladwmida RvTismSobeli ugalobda: - wirvis didi

gamosvlisas Sesabamis sagalobels marcxena gundis berZeni mgalobeli

urTavda misamRers yvelasaTvis gaugebari sityvebiT, romelTa Soris

umTavresi iyo `nenana~. `berZen momReralTa swavlebiT `nenana~ igalobeba

mosaxsenieblad RvTismSoblisa, romelic am `nenanas~ (e.i. iavnanas)

ugalobda akvanTan RvTaebriv Cvils Tavisas~ (arqimandriti porfiri,

pirveli mogzauroba aTonis monastrebsa da skitebSi 1845, naw. I, gv. 71).

`naninas~ mxolod qarTul samyaroSi umReris deda Tavis Cvils,

amitomac es sityvebi ucnauria sxvaTa smenisaTvis, magram ucxoel berebs

is daucavT, rac miuTiTebs israelsa da mis CrdiloeTiT mcxovreb

xalxebs Soris mWidro kulturuli kavSiris Sesaxeb, israelis

CrdiloeTiT moqceuli qveynebi – kabadokia, ponto, kolxeTi da iberia –

qarTul samyaros warmoadgenda, dasaxlebuls qarTulad mosaubre

tomebiT, romelTagan mravali TandaTan asimilirda sxva xalxebSi da

ufro metad berZnulenovan elementad iqca.

axalSobili iesos mosagoneblad saukuneTa manZilze _ `iverTa

monastris berebis sagalobelSi qarTuli `nana~ Tu `iavnana~ gaismoda~...

wers g. gozaliSvili (miTridate pontoeli, 186).

ra tkbili iqneboda deda RvTisas bagiT naTqvami - `iavnana~, ra

bednieri sacqeria dedis galobisas akvanSi gaRimebuli da asxartalebuli

RvTaebrivi Cvili.

maTe maxarebels uweria: `xolo ieso qristes Soba ase moxda: misi

dedis, mariamis iosebze daniSvnis Semdeg, vidre isini SeuRldebodnen, igi

aRmoCnda suli wmidisagan daorsulebuli~ (maTe, 2:18).

mociqulebis swavlaSi, romelic Cveni mamebis sarwmunoebrivi kredo

iyo, naTqvamia ieso qristes Sesaxeb, rom igia, Cveni ufali, Ze RvTisa,

mxolodSobili, mamisagan Sobili uwinares yovelTa saukuneTa, WeSmariti

RmerTi, mama RmerTis Tanaarsi, romlisganac yoveli Seiqmna. is Cveni

sicocxlisaTvis `gardamoxda zeciT da xorcni Seisxna sulisagan wmidisa

da mariamisagan qalwulisa da gankacna~.

suli wmida iseTive WeSmariti da Zlieri RmerTia, rogorc mama

RmerTi da Ze RmerTi, is aris ufali cxovelsmyofeli (sicocxlis

momcemi).

ieso qristes, Ze RmerTis Sesaxeb ambobs ioane maxarebeli:

`pirveliTgan iyo sityva, da sityva iyo RvTisa Tana da RmerTi iyo sityva

igi (ioane, 1,1), mociquli ganagrZobs - `sityva igi xorciel iqmna da

4

daemkvidra Cvens Soris da vixile dideba misi, dideba viTarca

mxolodSobilisa mamisa mier, savse madliT da WeSmaritebiT~ (ioane, 1:14).

risTvis ineba RmerTma dedamiwaze mosvla kacis saxiT? amas TviT

ieso pasuxobs: _ `esreT Seiyvara RmerTman sofeli ese, viTarca Zeca Tvisi

mxolod Sobili misca mas~ (ioane, 3:16). xolo maxarebeli amatebs: - rameTu

Ze RvTisa movida da momca Cven gonebai, raTa vicodeT Cven WeSmariti

RmerTi da varT Cven WeSmaritisa Tana Zisa mamisa ieso qristesa, ese ars

WeSmariti RmerTi da cxovreba saukuno (I ioane, 5,20).

RvTis Tanaarsma iesom TviTve brZana - `me da mama Cemi erT varT~

(ioane, 10:30), isaa Semoqmedi qveynisa, viTarca mama da suli wminda RmerTi

- `yovelive mis mier Seiqmna da Tvinier missa arca erTi ra iqmna, raodeni

ra iqmna~ (ioane, 1:3).

da ai, sayvareli kacobriobis gamosaxsnelad sulisagan wmidisa da

maradis qalwul mariamisagan xorci Seisxa iesom. gardamovxed zeciT

ambobda is – ara raTa vyo neba Cemi, aramed neba momavlineblisa Cemisa

(ioane, 6:38), - raTa scnas sofelman rameTu miyvars me mama da, viTarca

mamcno me mamaman, egredve vyo (ioane, 14:38). xolo mociquli ambobs -

`amisaTvis man daimdabla Tavi Tvisi~.

ieso qristem gamoixsna kacobrioba codvisagan, ra codva hqonda

kacobriobas? nuTu ise didi iyo misi codva, rom mxolodSobili RvTis Zis

qveynad mosvla iyo saWiro?

codva ara Tu hqonda adamianebs, aramed codva warmoadgenda kedels,

mijnas kacobriobasa da RmerTs Soris Cveni pirvelwinaprebis adamisa da

evas Secodebis gamo. RvTis pirveli mcnebis darRvevis Semdeg isini

daSordnen sikeTesa da sisrules, daadgnen sikvdilisa da xrwnis

damRupvel gzas. nebisyofa dasustda da adamiani Seiqmna mona. xorcieli

grZnoba gabatonda sulier grZnobaze, sulieri bunebis garyvnas Tan mohyva

xrwna xorcielisa, gaCnda sneuleba da sikvdili, pirveladamianebi

ganidevnen samoTxidan, aseTi iyo Sedegi adam da evas RvTisadmi urCobisa,

da gadaeca maT mierve gamravlebul kacobriobas maTi dacemis Semdgomi

buneba. maTi codva yovel kaczea, rogorc pavle mociquli brZanebs (rom,

5:12)

am codvasTan brZolaSi sust da uZlur adamianebs RmerTma aRuTqva

macxovaris, mxsnelis movlineba. iesom ixsna kacobrioba wyevisagan

`amisTvis man daimdabla Tavi Tvisi da iqmna morCil, vidre sikvdilamde,

da sikvdiliTa miT jvarisaTa~ (fil: 2:8)

ieso qristem kacobrioba gamoixsna codvisagan Tavisi moZRvrebiT

cxovrebiT, sikvdiliT, mkvdreTiT aRdgomiT da amaRlebiT. aswavla

kacobriobas WeSmariti RvTis cnoba, axsna saidumlo wminda samebisa.

aswavla siyvaruli RvTisadmi da siyvaruli adamianebisadmi.

5

pavle mociquli brZanebs, rom ieso qristes mier gvaqvs Cven gamoxsna

sisxliTa misiTa da moteveba codvaTa CvenTa simdidrisaebr madlisa

misiTa (efes, 1:7) `qristeman mogviyidna Cven wyevisa misgan sjulisa da iqmna

CvenTvis wyevisa qveSe~ (gal. 3:13).

viTarca adami aris xorcieli Tavi mTeli kacobriobisa, radganac

misgan warmosdgnen adamianebi, aseve ieso qriste aris kacobriobis

sulieri Tavi. amitom rogorc adamis gamo yvela CvenTagani miveciT

sikvdils, wyevasa da codvas ise qristes mier vixsnebiT codvisa, wyevisa

da sikvdilisagan - `vinaidan Tu erTis danaSauliT sikvdili sufevda

erTis mier, miT umetes isini, romlebic miiReben madls da simarTlis niWs,

imefeben cxovrebaSi erTis, ieso qristes meSveobiT. amrigad Tu erTis

danaSauliT yvela adamians daedo msjavri, aseve erTis simarTliT yvela

adamiani gamarTldeba sasicocxlod, vinaidan rogorc erTi kacis urCobiT

bevri gaxda codvili, aseve erTis morCilebiT bevri gaxdeba marTali~

(rom, 5:17-19).

macxovari ebrael erSi gankacda, rameTu RmerTi gansakuTrebiT

amzadebda am rCeul ers mxsnelis misaRebad. misgan unda gamosuliyo mesia.

aRTqma amisa mravalgzis ganumeora RmerTma ebraelebs. abraams uTxra –

ikurTxeodian Teslisa mimarT Senisa yovelni naTesavni qveynisani (dab,

27:18), daviT winaswarmetyvels ubrZana: aRvadgino Tesli Seni Semdgomad

Senisa da ganvmarTo saydari misi ukunisamde (2 mefeTa, 7:12-13). anu qriste,

qalwulisagan Sobili, abraamisa da daviTis STamomavali unda yofiliyo,

mas unda mieca yvela erisaTvis kurTxeva RvTisa da mas saukunod unda

eufla.

da ai, aRsrulda saukuneTa manZilze gamoTqmuli winaswarme-

tyvelebani: warmoigzavna RmerTisgan angelozi gabrieli galileis qalaqs,

romlis saxelia nazareTi, qalwulTan, romelic daniSnuli iyo kacze,

romelsac erqva iosebi, daviTis saxlisagan da qalwulis saxeli iyo

mariami. Sevida masTan da uTxra: `gixarodes madliano, SenTan ars ufali,

kurTxeul xar Sen dedaTa Soris~. is ki SeaZrwuna am naTqvamma da

Cafiqrda: ranairia es misalmeba da uTxra mas angelozma: `nu geSinia

mariam, vinaidan madli hpove RmerTTan. ai, daorsuldebi da gagiCndeba Ze

da mas saxelad iesos daarqmev, diadi iqneba is da uzenaesis Zed iwodeba.

miscems mas ufali RmerTi misi mamis, daviTis taxts da ukunisamde imefebs

iakobis saxelze da mis mefobas ar eqneba dasasruli.~

uTxra mariamma angelozs: `ranairad iqneba es, roca me mamakaci ar

vici?~

angelozma miugo pasuxad: `suliwmida mova Sens zeda da uzenaesis

Zala dagCrdilavs, amitom wmida Sobilic iwodeba Ze RmerTisad~.

6

maSin mariamma Tqva: `aha, mxevali uflisa dae iyos Cemda Seni

sityvisamebr, da wavida misgan angelozi~ (luka 1: 26-35).

galilea palestinis ayvavebuli mxare iyo, puris yanebiT, xexilis

baRebiT, venaxebiT, civi wyaroebiT, cxvris mravalricxovani farebiT savse.

yvavilovani WalebiT is ar hgavda qvian iudeas. galilea qveynis

CrdiloeTiT mdebareobda da masa da iudeas Soris samaria iyo, xolo

iudeas samxreTiT – idumea. galileas mTavari qalaqebi genesareTis tbis

garSemo iyvnen ganlagebulni. mas tiberiadis, xan ki galileis zRvas

uwodebdnen. misi warmtaci sanapiroebi Tvals xiblavdnen zeTisxilis

baRebiTa da palmis tevrebiT. tbis gemrieli TevziT ikvebebodnen

sanapiros qalaqebi da soflebi. dRiTa da RamiT tba meTevzeTa navebiT

iyo dafaruli.

tbispira patara lamazi qalaqebi kapernaumi, tiberiada, xorazani da

beTsaida mSromeli xalxiT iyo dasaxlebuli, amuSavebdnen miwas,

vaWrobdnen, Tevzaobdnen da saqmianobdnen. aq galileis patara qalaqSi,

ufro ki sofelSi gaatara iesom Tavis cxovrebis meti nawili, ocdaaT

welze meti. amitomac, vinc misi Sobis adgili ar icoda, iesos

nazarevels uwodebda. misi WeSmariti samSoblo ki daviTis Zveli qalaqi

iyo iudeaSi, sadac is iSva.

iosebi, mariamis damwindveli, romlis ojaxSic daibada ieso,

galileveli ar iyo, aramed daviTis saxlisa da tomis STamomavali,

daviTis qalaqeli - beTlemeli. amitomac, rac qveyanaSi mosaxleobis

aRwera gamoacxades, valdebuli gaxda Tavisi ojaxiT galileidan Tavis

qalaqSi wasuliyo da iq Caweriliyo.

qveynis aRweris Jams, mariami orsulad iyo, ramac ramdenime Tvis win

maxareblis sityviT, SeaSfoTa iosebi, romelic mariamTan SeuRlebas

apirebda: `mariamis iosebze daniSvnis Semdeg, vidre isini SeuRldebodnen

aRmoCnda, rom mas hyavda CanasaxSi suliwmidisagan. xolo iosebi - misi

qmari marTali iyo. ar isurva misi samagaliTod gamoyvana da undoda

uxmaurod gaeSva igi. roca amas fiqrobda, ai, eCvena mas sizmarSi uflis

angelozi da uTxra: ioseb, Zeo daviTisa, nu SegaSinebs Seni colis -

mariamis miReba, vinaidan is, romelic masSia Casaxuli, suliwmidisagan

aris. Zes gaaCens da daarqmev mas saxelad iesos, vinaidan igi ixsnis Tavis

xalxs maTi codvisagan. yovelive es moxda, raTa aRsruldes uflis

naTqvami winaswarmetyvelis mier, romelic ambobs: ai, qalwuli

daorsuldeba, gauCndeba Ze da daarqmeven mas saxelad emanuels, rac

TargmaniT niSnavs: RmerTi CvenTanaa. iosebma rom gaiRviZa da wamodga, ise

moiqca, rogorc uflis angelozma ubrZana, da miiRo Tavisi coli. ar

gahkarebia mas~ (maTe, 1:18-25).

7

ramdenime Tvis Semdeg, rogorc iTqva, qveyanaSi aRwera Catarda.

iosebi mSobliur qalaqSi gaemgzavra imJamindeli wesis Tanaxmad `yvelani

midiodnen Casawerad, TviToeuli Tavis qalaqSi. iosebic wavida

galileidan, qalaq nazareTidan iudeas, daviTis qalaqSi, romelsac

ewodeba beTlemi, vinaidan igi iyo daviTis saxelisa da tomisagan,

Casawerad mariamTan erTad, romelic masze iyo daniSnuli da iyo

orsulad. da Sva Ze Tavisi, pirmSo, Seaxvia da miawvina igi bagaSi, vinaidan

sastumroSi ar iyo adgili maTTvis~ (luka, 2. 3-7)

marTalia iosebica da mariamic ebraelTa yvelaze saxelovani mefis

STamomavlebi iyvnen, magram qonebrivad Raribni, Tavi ojaxisa durglobda,

mariami ki ojaxSi saqmianobda. TavianTi didi winaprebis qalaqSi maT

dasaZinebeli adgilic ki aravin misca, Tumca aRweris saqalaqo wignSi

Caewernen viTarca daviTis STamomavlebi, iudeaSi yvelam icoda Tavisi

genealogia da Senaxuli hqonda xsovna winaparTa sanaTesaos ukve gamqrali

ganayofebis Sesaxeb. ebrauli CveviT, rogorc iTqva, aRwerisas winaparTa

qalaqSi ewerebodnen.

iudea, romelic im dros romis imperiis nawils Seadgenda,

politikurad aSlili iyo, ebraelebi Znelad eguebodnen romaelTa

mmarTvelobas. amis gamo albaT mgzavroba galileidan daviTis qalaqamde

gaZnelda. daRlili mgzavrebi sastumroSi ubinaobis gamo iZulebulni

gaxdnen, iqve axlos, gamoqvabulSi mowyobili bagisaTvis SeefarebinaT

Tavi, sadac Tiva da Cala eyara cxvar-Zroxis gamosakvebad. ai, aq saxlidan

moSorebiT, civ Rames, ara Tu raime miwieri fufunebiT, aramed yovlad

keTilmouwyobel garemoSi daibada qriste.

Tuki adamianTa erTi nawilisaTvis iesos Soba SeumCneveli darCa,

zeciuri samyaro Ze RvTisas Sobam SeZra, brwyinvale varskvlavi misi Sobis

adgils daadga, mgalobelma angelozebma ki yvelaze ubralo da martiv

adamianebs – mwyemsebs axares macxovris Soba.

maxarebeli wers: `im mxareSi iyvnen mwyemsebi mindvrad da RamiT

darajobdnen TavianT samwysos. da ai, uflis angelozi warmoudga maT,

uflis dideba gamoubrwyindaT da SeSindnen didi SiSiT. uTxra maT

angelozma: nu geSiniaT, ai gaxarebT did sixaruls, romelic mTeli

xalxisa iqneba: vinaidan dRes daviTis qalaqSi Tqven dagebadaT macxovari,

romelic aris qriste ufali. da es Tqvenda niSnad: im yrmas hpovebT

Sexveuls bagaze mwoliares.

da uecrad gaCnda angelozTa didZali jari cidan, romelnic aqebda

RmerTs da ambobda: `dideba maRalTa Sina RmerTsa da qveyanasa zeda

mSvidoba da kacTa Soris saTnoeba~. (luka, 2:9-14).

8

mwyemsebi gaocebiT Sescqerodnen zecidan gamosuli mgalobeli

angelozebis jars da roca angelozebi kvlav zecad avidnen, uTxres

erTmaneTs: wavideT beTlems da vnaxoT ra moxda razec gvauwya ufalma.

`swrafad mividnen da naxes mariami da iosebi, da bagaze mwoliare

yrma. danaxvisTanave uambes imis Sesaxeb, rac eTqvaT am yrmaze. yvelas vinc

ki ismenda, ukvirda, rasac mwyemsebi uambobdnen maT~. (luka, 2:15-18).

magram rogori unda yofiliyo maTi gakvirveba sparseTidan yrmis

Tayvanis sacemad sagangebod Camosuli mogvebis danaxvisas. kidev ufro

gaocebuli iyo mTeli ierusalimi, roca maT mogvebisagan gaigones, rom

daibada iudevelTa mefe. taxtze mjdomi mefe herode ki piriqiT, am ambavis

gagonebisas – gaognda.

maTe wers - `roca ieso daibada iudeas beTlemSi, mefe herodes

dReebSi, ierusalimSi movidnen varskvlavTmricxvelni aRmosavleTidan da

Tqves: sad aris iudevelTa mefe rom daibada? vinaidan vixileT misi

varskvlavi aRmosavleTSi da movediT, rom Tayvani vceT mas. es rom

gaigona, SeZrwunda mefe herode da masTan mTeli ierusalimi~ (maTe, 2:1-3)

ierusalimidan gamosvlis Semdeg mogvebma kvlav dainaxes `varskvlavi,

romelic maT aRmosavleTSi ixiles. win uZRoda maT, vidre mividoda da

gaCerdeboda im adgilze, sadac yrma iyo. varskvlavi rom dainaxes, maT Zalze

didi sixaruliT gaixares. roca saxlSi Sevidnen, dainaxes yrma mariamTan,

Tavis dedasTan, daemxnen da Tayvani sces mas, gaxsnes TavianTi saunjeni da

miarTves mas ZRveni: oqro, gundruki da muri (smirna)~ (maTe, 2:9-11).

herode, xalxisaTvis saZulveli, ukanono, romaelTa mier dadgenili

iudeis mefe, SeZra mogvTa mier motanilma cnobam `iudevelTa mefis~

dabadebis Sesaxeb. ra tanjva-wamebiT, sisxlis wvimebiTa da veragobiT

miiRo man es taxti, romlisTvisac ar daindo yvelaze uaxloesi naTesavebi,

misTvis daxoca sayvareli Svilebi, usayvarlesi meuRle. ebraelebi mas

`ucxoels~ uwodebdnen, ukanonod mjdoms daviTis taxtze, axla ki viRac

yrmas, axladdabadebuls `iudevelTa mefes~ uwodeben, mas ki taxtze

mjdoms ararad Tvlian, mas, romelmac ebraelebs ganuaxla, ufro ki

xelaxla auSena Zvelze gacilebiT mdidruli, solomoniseulze ufro

keTilmowyobili taZari, iseTi arqiteqturuli saocreba, rom ambobdnen

`visac ar uxilavs herodeseuli taZari, man ar icis ra aris mSveniereba~.

auSena qalaqebi, gzebi da navsadgurebi. axla ki moxuc, avadmyof herodes

taxtis mocile gauCnda, Cvili axalSobili. ara, man uTuod unda gaigos

Tu sad daibada yrma da CamoiSoros. TviTon ambis momtani mogvebi ityvian

mis vinaobas, ramdenad sworia am misnebis cnoba? viTom marTla daibada

qriste anu iudevelTa mefe-mesia? amitomaco, wers maTe maxarebeli, herodem

- `Sekriba yvela mRvdelmTavari da xalxis mwignobarni da hkiTxa maT, sad

unda iSvas qriste? maT ki uTxres mas: iudeis beTlemSi, vinaidan asea

9

dawerili winaswarmetyvelis mier: `da Sen beTlemo, iudas miwav, arafriT

xar naklebi iudas mTavrebs Soris, vinaidan Sengan gamova winamZRoli,

romelic damwyemsavs Cems xalxs israels~.

maSin herodem malulad daibara varskvlavTmricxvelebi, gamoiZia

varskvlavis gamoCenis dro da wargzavna isini beTlems da uTxra: wadiT

gulmodgined gamoikiTxeT im yrmis ambavi da roca ipoviT, SematyobineT,

rom mec mivide da Tayvani vce mas~ (maTe, 2: 4-8).

mogvebma beTlemSi inaxules ieso, Tayvani sces, Semdeg ki sizmrad

miiRes gafrTxileba – ar dabrunebuliyvnen herodesTan. sxva gziT wavidnen

TavianT qveyanaSi.

`Zalian ganrisxda herode, roca naxa, rom gaabaibures varskvlavT-

mricxvelebma, wargzavna da moakvlevina yoveli yrma ori wlisa da imaze

umcrosebi beTlemSi da mis mTel SemogarenSi, im drois mixedviT, rogorc

varskvlavTmricxvelTagan gamoiZia~ (maTe, 2:16).

beTlemsa da mis midamoebSi ToTxmeti aTasi yrma mouklavT, maT

Soris, herodes fiqriT iqneboda ieso qriste.

herode – erovnebiT ara ebraeli, aramed idumeveli iyo. aqamde, sul

aTiode wlis win miaRebina idumevelebs ebraelTa saxelmwifos

aRmdgenelma ioahan hirkanma (Zv.w. 135-104) – iudevelTa sarwmunoeba,

romelmac ufro adre samarielebi daimorCila da gerizimis mTaze

aRmarTuli taZari daungria. hirkinis sisxliani STamomavloba marTavda

ebraelTa axlad aRdgenil saxelmwifos. makabelTa gmiruli suli

samagaliTo da xalxisaTvis saTayvano, saxelmwifos gaZlierebis Semdgom

daiSrita. omi taxtisaTvis samoqalaqo omSi gadaizarda. makabelTa

genealogia aseTia:

10

maTaTia

makabelTa saojaxo intrigebma taxtisken gza gaukafa antipatre

idumiels, gaqnilsa da cbier kacs, romelsac (romaelTa winaaRmdeg

ajanyebul aristobul II-is vaJebis damarcxebis Semdeg) iulius keisarma

uwyaloba prokuratoris wodeba. misi vaJi – herode romaelebma galileis

prefeqtad daniSnes. xolo roca dakninebuli makabelTa STamomavali,

aristobul II-is umcrosi Ze ajanyda da taxti daiWira, romma is meamboxed

gamoacxada, samefo taxtze uflebebi CamoarTva. ase dasrulda makabelTa

dinastiis asocdaaTwliani batonoba.

iudeas mefe – herode imdenad eWviani iyo taxtis kanonieri memkvidre

dinastiis, daviTis STamomavlobis mimarT, rom ar daindo TviT Tavisi

meuRle mariami, dedamisi da sakuTari Svilebi, romelTa ZarRvebSic

makabelTa sisxli Cqefda. Zv. welTaRricxvis 4 wels moxuci herode

gardaicvala.

herodes gardacvalebamde, roca man beTlemel ymawvilTa daxocva

brZana, wmida ojaxi – iosebi, mariami da Cvili ieso, angelozis miTiTebiT

egviptisaken gaemgzavrnen. mogvTaA Tayvaniscemis Semdeg `angelozi

ecxadeba sizmarSi iosebs da eubneba adeqi, waiyvane yrma da misi deda da

gaiqeci egviptes da iyavi iq vidre me getyode; vinaidan herodes surs mag

yrmis moZebna, raTa daRupos igi. igi wamodga, RamiT waiyvana yrma da misi

deda da wavida egviptes. iq iyo herodes sikvdilamde, raTa aRsruldes

uflis naTqvami winaswarmetyvelis mier, romelic ambobs: egviptidan

movuxme Zesa Cemsa~ (maTe, 2:14-15).

11

iqamde ki moses sjulis mixedviT, Cvils merve dRes uwodes saxeli

ieso, Tanaxmad angelozis sityvisa: `rogorc ki merve dRe Sesrulda misi

winadacvisaTvis daarqves mas saxeli ieso, angelozis mier darqmeuli

mucelSi Casaxvamde, xolo roca gasruldnen maTi ganwmendis dReni moses

sjulis mixedviT, Caiyvanes igi ierusalims, uflis winaSe warsdgnen.

rogorc uflis sjulSi sweria, yovel mamrobiTs, romelmac ganapos saSo,

wmida uflisa ewodos. da Seswiron msxverpli, rogorc uflis sjulSia

naTqvami, ori gvriti, an ori marTve mtredisa. da ai, iyo ierusalimSi kaci

saxelad simoni, kaci marTali da RvTis moSiSi, romelic moeloda

israelis nugeSiscemas da iyo maszeda suliwmida da suliwmidis mier

hqonda nauwyebi, rom ar ixilavda sikvdils, vidre ar ixilavda uflis

cxebuls. da sulis STagonebiT mivida taZarSi da rodesac mSoblebma

miiyvanes yrma ieso, rom moqceodnen mas rjulis wesisamebr, man xelT

aiyvana yrma, adida RmerTi da warmoTqva: `aw ganuteve monai Seni, meufeo,

sityvisaebr Senisa mSvidobiT. rameTu ixiles TvalTa CemTa macxovrebai

Seni, romel ganumzade winaSe pirsa yovlisa erisasa, naTeli

gamobrwyinvebad warmarTTa zeda da didebad erisa Senisa israelisa~. da

mis mamas da dedas ukvirdaT misis naTqvami: akurTxa simonma isini da

uTxra mariams, mis dedas: `aha, esera ese dgas dacemad da aRdginebad

mravalTaA israelsa Soris da saswaulad sityvis sagebelad da TviT

Sensaca sulsa ganvides maxvili, raTa gancxaddnen mravalTagan gulis

zraxvani~. iqve iyo ana winaswarmetyveli fenuelis asuli, aseris tomisagan,

Rrmad moxucebuli, Tavisi qalwulobis Semdeg Svid weliwads nacxovrebi

qmarTan. iyo daaxloebiT oTxmocdaoTxi wlis qvrivi, romelic ar

Sordeboda taZars, marxviT da vedrebiT emsaxureboda RamiT da dRisiT.

isic imave Jams iyo misuli da adidebda RmerTs da elaparakeboda mis

Sesaxeb yvelas, vinc gamosyidvas moeloda ierusalimSi~ (luka, 2:21:19).

simonma, romelic macxovris Sobamde ar unda momkvdariyo, Cvil

iesos uwoda `warmarTTa gasabrwyinvebeli simarTle~ (anu msoflios

yvela xalxisa da eris naTeli), da `Seni xalxis israelis sadidebeli~.

israelis qveS aq igulisxmeba rogorc Zveli aRTqmis ise axali aRTqmis

xalxi. moxucma simonma ganteveba, anu amqveyniuri cxovrebidan imqveyniurSi

gaSveba Txova Tavis ufals iesos. xolo mariams uwinaswarmetyvela

mwuxareba misi Svilis vnebisas. moxuci ana, romelmac icno macxovari,

ierusalimSi auwyebda am sixaruls yvels, ramac, mosaxleobaSi didi

gamoZaxili hpova.

yvela eloda mesias. xmam, Cans herodes yuramdec miaRwia da ufro

ganumtkicda gadawyvetileba amoexoca Cvilebi. mSoblebma Cvili

iesosaTvis, rogorc iTqva aRasrules rjulis yoveli wesi. rac gviCvenebs,

rom qriste movida ara kanonebis dasarRvevead, aramed aRsasruleblad, anu

12

rogorc is ambobda - `Svenis Cvenda aRsrulebad yoveli simarTle~ (maTe,

3:15). riTac qristianebs aswavla sulieri winadacveTa, winadacveTa gulisa

da xorcieli grZnobebisa. amave dRes uwodes qristes ieso, rac qarTuli

formaa ebrauli saxelisa ieSua (niSnavs - `misi xsna aris iaRve~,

saxelidan - oSia anu osia - `xsna~ (ix. f. farar, ieso qristes cxovreba,

s. peterburgi, 1893, gv. 8-11).

ieSuadanaa Zveli qarTuli forma – iesu. ebrauli - `mesia~ da

berZnuli `qriste~ aRniSnavda mis msaxurebas viTarca cxebuli winaswar-

metyvelisa, mRvdelmTavarisa da mefisa. meormoce dRes, rogorc iTqva,

axalSobili, qalwulma mariamma taZrad miiyvana, gansawmedad da

RvTisaTvis misaZRvnelad. am dros Sesawiric iyo misatani. mariamma yvelaze

mokrZalebuli ZRveni miitana. magram mesia - Seucnobeli ar darCenila

moxucisaTvis.

sabednierod herode male gardaicvala da wmida ojaxs saSualeba

mieca egviptedan samSobloSi dabrunebisa. `herodes sikvdilis Semdeg ki, ai

egvipteSi iosebs, sizmarSi ecxadeba uflis angelozi da eubneba: adeqi,

waiyvane yrma da misi deda da wadi israelis qveyanaSi, vinaidan daixocnen,

romlebic yrmis suls eZeben. igi adga, waiyvana yrma da misi deda da mivida

israelis qveyanaSi. xolo roca moesma, rom mamamisis herodes nacvlad

arqelaosi mefobs iudeaSi, SeeSinda iq wasvla, magram sizmrad miiRo

gafrTxileba da wavida galileis mxareSi, mivida da dasaxlda nazareTad

wodebul qalaqSi, dae Sesruldes winaswarmetyvelis mier naTqvami, rom mas

daerqmeva `nazareveli~ (maTe, 2:19-23).

maSin ieso erTi wlis Tu iqneboda. nazareTSi gaatara man TiTqmis

mTeli cxovreba. mogzaurTa sityviT nazareTi da misi sanaxebi _ warmtaci

kuTxea wmida miwisa. gazafxulobiT is namdvili ayavebuli baRia,

mcxovrebni _ lamazi, warmosadegi, keTili adamianebi mxolod miwis

damuSavebiTaA da saqonlis mwyemsobiT ar iyvnen dakavebulni – galileaSi

ise, rogorc mTel palestinaSi, duRda grZnobebi, ocnebobdnen

Tavisuflebasa da oqros saukuneze. yvela ebraelma palestinis qveyanaSi

icoda, rom idga Jami mesiis mosvlisa, yvelas swamda winaswarmetyvelebani

amis Sesaxeb. xalxi Sepyrobili iyo am ideiT, suliTa da guliT CarTuli

am sulier moZraobaSi. daiwyo romaelTa, ukanono mmarTvelTa,

sawinaaRmdego amboxebebi, SeTqmulebani, Seiqmna bebuTian teroristTa

jgufebi, romlebic Tavs esxmodnen romaelebs, ar indobdnen maTTan

moTanamSromle iudevelebs. iudeasa da galileaSi xalxi mZvinvarebda. ase

iyo RvTis Sobidan mis gancxadebamde. amgvar garemoSi gaatara iesom

bavSvoba da siWabuke.

roca is iyo aTi wlisa galilea ajanyda vinme fanatikos iudas

meTaurobiT. man da misma mimdevrebma saTave daudes mebrZoli mesianizmis

13

partias. isini iyvnen anarqistebi religiuri saxis mqoneni. iuda uaryofda

raime xelisuflebas RvTis erze da aRiarebda mxolod RvTis

xelisuflebas. Teokratiuli ideebiT aRtkinebulma brbom, romelic ukve

TiTqmis armiad qceuliyo, aiRo erTi qalaqi, xelT igdo iaraRi da fuli.

ajanyeba romaelebma CaaxSes. iuda miimala. magram galilevelebi ar

damSviddnen.

iosebis mSvidi ojaxi mdidari ar iyo. durgloba mxolod ojaxis

gamosakvebad iyo sakmarisi. Cans iesom pataraobidanve Seiswavla durgloba,

rac Cans markozis saxarebaSi roca galilevelebi amboben - `es xuro ar

aris, mariamis Ze, iakobisa da moses, iudasi da simonis Zma? aqve CvenTan ar

imyofebian Mmisi debi?~ (mark., 6:3)

iosebis apokrifSi naTqvamia, rom iosebs hyavda oTxi ufrosi Svili

da ramdenime qaliSvili wina qorwinebidan, rom ufrosi vaJebi _ iusti da

simoni da qalebi _ eTeri da Tamari saxlidan gasulebi iyvnen _ TavianTi

ojaxebi hqondaT Seqmnili. magram iuda da iakobi mariamTan da iesosTan

cxovrobdnen. aqve weria, rom patara ieso iosebs _ mamas, mariams ki dedas

uwodebda. is iyo gamgoni da arasodes ewinaaRmdegeboda, mudam emorCi-

leboda maT. ar ganurisxebia, uxeSad arasodes upasuxnia maTTvis. piriqiT

efereboda, ealerseboda usazRvro siyvaruliT: `viTarca Tvalis Cins Tavs

vevlebodi maTo~_ wers iesos piriT avtori.

meore ufro gavrcelebuli TvalsazrisiT `uflis Zmebi~

sinamdvileSi misi deidaSvilebi iyvnen. mariamis da, romelsac aseve mariami

erqva, rogorc fiqroben miTxovili iyo alfes anu kleopas da isini iyvnen

maTi Svilebi, isini Semdgom eklesiis svetebad iqcnen.

Cveni macxovari, romelic yovelmxriv Cveni msgavsi iyo Tavisi

kacobrivi saxiT, siyrmidanve Cans, iseve swavlobda, rogorc sxva misi

Tanatolebi. pirveldawyebiTi ganaTleba iesom uTuod saxlSi miiRo,

rogorc amas kanoni moiTxovda _ `aswavleT Tqvens Svilebs, elaparakeT

amaze Sin yofnisas da gzaze svlisas, dawolisas da adgomisas~ (meore,

11:19). saerTod iudeveli ymawvilebi sinagogasTan arsebul skolaSi

swavlobdnen wmida werils, wes-Cveulebebs, TviT sinagogaSi locvis

dReebSi ismendnen moxucTagan sjulis kanonebsa Tu winaswarmetyvelebas.

saerTod ebraelebi maRali ganaTlebiT sruliad gamoirCeodnen

sxvaTagan. tyveobidan dabrunebisTanave ezram Zv.w. 450 wels Seqmna

ganswavlul kacTa didi sakrebulo-sasuliero akademia moswavle

axalgazrdebis didi ricxviT. dakanonebuli iyo Toris kiTxvis sataZro

wesi. Toris kiTxvis dRed, SabaTisa da dResaswaulebis garda daakanones

orSabaTi da xuTSabaTi. swavlulTa sakrebulo pirvel yovlisa wmida

wignebis ganmmartebeli iyo. saerTod sarwmunoebrivi codnis

ganmamatkicebelni iyvnen winaswarmetyvelni _ isini maswavleblebi iyvnen

14

imavdroulad, da xSirad RvTismsaxurebis ritualsa da ceremonialze win

ayenebdnen adamianTa samarTlianobas, RvTis erTgulebas, sikeTes,

gulmowyalebas, zneobriv siwmides, patiosnebas yoveli iudevelisas.

pirvelqristianuli eklesiis zogierTi did moRvawe, magaliTad pavle

mociquli cnobili gamalielis, sinedrionis meTauris, mowafed iTvleboda.

es iyo SviliSvili cnobili didad ganswavluli kacisa _ hilelisa,

romelmac daaarsa Tavisi skola iudevelTa rjulis swavlebisa. (am

skolis sapirispiro mimarTulebisa iyo Samais mier Seqmnili skola).

galileaSi ieso `izrdeboda, mtkicdeboda suliT da ivseboda sibrZniT~

(luka, 2:40)

wminda saxareba TiTqmis arafers gvamcnobs qristes yrmobis Sesaxeb,

mxolod luka maxarebelma Semogvinaxa erTi saintereso epizodi misi

bavSvobidan.

iesos mSoblebi, rogorc sxva keTilmorwmune iudevelebi,

dResaswaulis dReebSi dadiodnen ierusalimSi. erTxel paseqamde mcire

xniT adre, sxva mlocvelebTan erTad wavidnen wmida qalaqSi iosebi da

mariami, maTTan erTad iyo RmerTis madliT savse yrma ieso `Tormeti

wlisa rom gaxda maSin amovidnen ierusalimSi dResaswaulis Ceeulebis

mixedviT. roca dResaswaulis damTavrebis Semdeg isini dabrundnen, yrma

ieso darCa ierusalimSi, xolo iosebma da dedamisma ar icodnen. egonaT

mogzaurTa Soris ariso. erTi dRis gza rom gaiares, maSin dauwyes Zebna

naTesavebsa da nacnobebs Soris. da rom ver ipoves igi dabrundnen

ierusalimSi da eZebdnen mas. sami dRis Semdeg ipoves taZarSi, mjdomi

moZRvarTa Soris, usmenda da ekiTxeboda maT. yovel mis msmenels aocebda

misi goneba da pasuxi. rom dainaxes igi gaukvirdaT da dedamisma uTxra

mas: es ra gviyavi Svilo? ai mamaSeni da me guldamwuxrebulebi geZebdiT.

man uTxra maT: `da ras meZebdiT me? ar uwyiT rameTu mamisa Cemisa Tana

jer-ars Cemi yofa? (luka, 2:42-49).

gancxadeba uflisa

maxareblebi arafers gviamboben Cveni macxovris ieso qristes

garegnobis Sesaxeb, magram monaTxrobidan Cans, rom misi ier-saxe

adamianebze ganumeorebel STabeWdilebas tovebda. sakmarisia gavixsenoT

did gandegili ioane naTlismcemeli, romelic Tavisi cxovrebis wesiT

xazgasmiT miuTiTebda, rom ar esaWiroeboda adamianebisagan miRebuli

araviTari amqveyniuri sikeTe, sakvebi Tu tansacmeli, gamoCenil pirebs

uSiSrad ganikiTxavda, ganurCevlad yvelas gawmedisaken mouwodebda da is

SexedvisTanave damatyveveblad moixibla qristes sazeimo didebulebiT.

15

qristem elviseburad daisakuTra Tavisi momavali mowafeebis guli. iyo

raRac mSveniereba mis saxesa, gamoxedvasa da xmaSi, romelic mtrebsac ki

aiZulebda misTvis mowiwebiT miemarTaT. dasaWerad misuli taZris

mcvelebi misiT moixiblnen, pilates ki misma garegnobam aRuZra

TanagrZnoba da pativiscema.

SeiZleba iTqvas qristeTi moxibluli pilate iyo erTaderTi

adamiani, romelmac gabedulad aRiara brbosa da sinedrionis

aRSfoTebuli wevrebis winaSe iesos udanaSauloba, ramdenjerme misi

gadarCenac scada. pilates meuRle qristes mimdevaric ki gaxda.

aRsaniSnavia, rom mose xorenaci pontoel pilates qarTul

samyarosTan akavSirebda. kerZod, misi sityviT qarTvelTa mTavari da

pilates mama modaveni yofilan qveynis sammarTvelo saqmeSi.

miTridate - qarTvelTa mTavari, pontoeli pilates mamas mouwamlavs

_ pompeus didis brZanebiT _ `rac Seexeba pompeusso _ wers mexuTe

saukunis istorikosi Zvel wyaroebze dayrdnobiT _ igi SeebrZola

miTridates, romelmac sastiki winaaRmdegoba gauwia mas, gaumarTa ficxeli

brZola da didi safrTxec Seuqmna, magram ricxvmravlobam Tavisi gaitana

da damarcxebuli miTridate gaiqca pontos mxareebSi. rogorc ki misgan

moisvena pompeusma, rasac arc eloda, aiRo qalaqi maJaqi da Seipyro

miTridate, Ze miTridatisa, qalaqSi ki jari Caayena. merme igi miTridates

ki ar dadevnebia, aramed saswrafod gaeSura uriastanisaken asureTis

gavliT. miTridate ki pilate pontoelis mamas moawamvlina. amas iosebic

gvauwyebs balzamis Sesaxeb saubrisas, igi ambobs: `pompeuss eriqovTan

axara macnem miTridates daRupva~ (movses xorenaci, somxeTis istoria, 1984,

gv. 115).

xorenaci TiTqosda miTridate pontoelisa da pompeusis ambavs

gadmogvcems, magram is miTridates qarTvelTa istoriul mTavars uwodebs,

im wyaros mixedviT, romelic erT pirveli saukunis istorikoss moupovebia

nineviis saxelganTqmul arqividan gamotanil sabuTebSi: parTiis mefis Zmam

saqarTveloSi anu `kavkasiis mTis mopirdapire mxares CrdiloeTis

ganmgeblad daadgina didi da Zlevamosili gvari, romlis ufalT

gugarelTa pitiaxSebi daerqvaT. isini STamomavalni iyvnen darehis

(dariosis) naxararis miTridatisa, romelic wamoiyvana aleqsandrem

(makedonelma) da mTavrad dausva nabuqodonosoris mier tyved moyvanil

iverielTa modgmas~ (iqve, gv.107); Semdgom tigran didis mama danaTesavebia

iverielTa erTerT miTridatian mTavars, miuTxovebia misTvis Tavisi asuli

da Tavisi vrceli samflobelodan iveriis qveynis gareT samarTavad

gadaucia pontos qveyana _ `pontos zRvis gamgebloba~. Semdgom, pompeusis

laSqrobisas, roca is iudeaSi aristubolis winaaRmdeg moadga

ierusalimis kedlebs, pontoeli pilates mamas mouklavs miTridat III,

16

qarTvelTa mTavari. xorenacis sityviT pompeuss jer pontos mTavari

qalaqi maJaqi (iqve cnobili mazaka) auRia da miTridates Ze Seupyria, da

Semdeg saswrafod wasula `uriastanisaken~ asureTis gavliT~. anu iudeaSi

– siriis gavliT.

pompeusis mier israelis axladaRorZinebuli saxelmwifos ngrevis

dawyebam, iudevelTa Soris kidev ufro gaaRviva mesianizmad cnobili

moZraoba. pompeusis laSqrobis Semdeg iudea romis imperiis provinciad

iqca. iudeas saxelmwifos pompeusma CamoarTva axladmierTebuli miwebi,

Seamcira misi sazRvrebi da qveyanas didi kontribucia daado. romaelebma

TavisuflebisaTvis mebrZol makabelTa STamomavalT dautoves moCvenebiTi

Zalaufleba, oci wlis Semdeg ki romaelebma mefis tituli idumeel

herodes gadasces. herodes, didad wodebulis dros saxalxo ajanyebebi

daiwyo, Tu xasmonelebs kidev itandnen ebraelebi, viTarca daviTis

STamomavlebs, romaelTa mier dayenebuli herode _ mefis xarisxiT maTTvis

mouTmeneli iyo. gamoCndnen mojanyeni, romelnic TavianT Tavs mesiad

acxadebdnen, maTi mimdevrebi did areulobas iwvevdnen. ebraelTa qveyanaSi

sayovelTao gaxda mistikuri ideebi da daZabuli molodini RvTis samefos

moaxloebisa. unda gamoCeniliyo kaci, romelic gamefdeboda ara marto

israelSi, aramed ixsnida msoflios. msoflios yvela eri movidoda mis

Tayvanissacemad. dedamiwaze moispoboda Seviwroeba da usamarTloba, aRar

iqneboda sikvdili, cremli da mwuxareba. WeSmariteba gamoCndeboda

viTarca mze. momlodineTaTvis romis imperia warmoisaxeboda mxecad,

romelsac daecemoda momavali mesiis maxvili.

mojanyeni Tavs esxmodnen romaelebs da maT momxreebs. gansakuTrebiT

gaaRiziana mosaxleoba pilate pontoelma, romelic ar icnobda xalxs, mis

fsiqologias, Cveulebebs da tradiciebs. ar icnobda qveyanas. Zalze

aRaSfoTa ierusalimi misma moqmedebam. ebraelebi kerpTayvanismcemlobad

da RvTis Seuracxyofad miiCnevdnen qandakebebs, portretebs, romis

saimperio niSnebs – arwivebs. iudaizmi krZalavda adamianis yovelgvar

gamosaxulebas. pilates razmebi ki ierusalimSi Sevidnen arwivis

gamosaxulebebiT, imperiis niSnebiT, imperatoris portretebiT, rac

iudevelTa mier miCneuli iqna taZris da moses moZRvrebis aSkara

Seuracxyofad, ramac didad aRaSfoTa isini. Seikriba asi aTasze meti kaci

da maT uiaraRod gezi aiRes kesariisaken _ pilates samyofelisaken,

ierusalimidan 120 kilometriT daSorebuli qalaqisaken. fanatikosTa masam

alya Semoartya prokuraturis rezidencias da kategoriulad moiTxova

dauyonebliv moeSorebinaT imperiis niSnebi da imperatoris portretebi

wmida qalaqidan. xuTi dRe gagrZelda alya, bolos pilatem legionerebs

ubrZana xmali aRemarTaT mojanyeTa dasasjelad, magram asociaTasma kacma

morCilad miuSvira xmals Tavisi qedi, muxlmoyrili da sikvdilisaTvis

17

Tavdadebuli adamianebis uzomo raodenobam gaaogna pilate. xangrZlivi

dumilis Semdeg pilatem daiTxova legionerebi, ebraelebs ki aRuTqva

moTxovnis aRsruleba.

pilates, berZnuli civilizaciiT, antikuri religiiT aRzrdils, ar

SeiZleboda aziuri, veluri fanatizmis gamovlenad ar mieCnia iudevelTa

mgznebare sarwmunoeba, romauli samyaros grandiozulma sulierma

krizisma antikuri religiis gavlena Zalze Seamcira. miTebi, romlebsac

berZnuli RmerTebis Sesaxeb hyvebodnen da romelnic, Semdgom romaul

RmerTebze gadavidnen, mxolod dacinvas iwvevdnen. yvelaze cnobili

adamianebi sarwmunoebas mxolod wesrigis misaRwev saSualebad Tvlidnen.

urwmunoeba samarcxvinod ar miiCneoda, warmoiSva skepticizmi da aTeizmi.

filosofiuri azri mivida dacemamde, `filosofosebs~ oratorebs

uwodebdnen, romlebic sofistebis brbos aTrobdnen.

religiuri da filosofiuri idealebis imedgacruebam gamoiwvia

sazogadoebrivi zneobriobis moSlac, magram zneobis dacema imavdroulad

iwvevda ltolvas ganwmendisaken. amitomac romaelebi ufro da ufro

interesiT epyrobodnen aRmosavleTidan Semosul kultebs, romlebic

Zalze gavrcelda. egvipturi da aziuri RvTaebebi daiZrnen romisaken.

wyurvili sulieri samyaros Secnobisa, masTan urTierTobisa romis

imperiis dasavleTis mxareebisaken avrcelebda sparsul mazdeanizms,

romelsac materia - borotebis saTaved miaCnda, misgan ganwmendas

moiTxovda. bunebis Secnoba da codnis gaRrmaveba _ gadarCenis saSualebad

miaCnda berZnul da romaul filosofias. bednierebisa da kmayofilebis

miRwevas qadagebdnen epikurelebi. iudevelebis swavlebiT ki erTi uxilavi

RmerTis Tayvaniscema da sjulis dacva yvelaze umTavresi iyo. romauli

samyaro grZnobda Tavis zneobrivi dacemis xarisxs, surda ganaxleba.

piridan pirSi gadaicemoda aRmosavluri winaswarmetyveleba. dadioda

xmebi, rom iudeidan gamovidoda viRac msoflios dasamorCileblad

(tacitusi, istoria 5.13, a. bogoliubovi, Ze kacisa. gv. 30-32).

es rwmena mesiis mosvlisa romaul samyaroSi iudeidan iyo

gavrcelebuli, sadac yvelgan gabatonebuli iyo molodini `didebiT

momavali mesiisa~, romelsac axali samefo unda Seeqmna.

mesiis molodini gansakuTrebiT gaRvivebuli iyo farisevelTa

partiaSi. farisevlebi kanonis medgar damcvelebad Tvlidnen TavianT Tavs.

partia siriis uRlisagan qveynis gaTavisuflebasa da makabelTa dinastiis

aRzevebisas warmoiSva. isini opoziciaSi edgnen samefo saxls. samefo

xelisuflebas itandnen imdenad, ramdenadac mesia mefe daviTis

STamomavlobaSi unda warmoSobiliyo. maT wreSi iqmneboda

winaswarmetyveluri wignebi mSvidobisa da samarTlianobis samefos

momavali dasawyisis Sesaxeb. farisevelebTan erTad mwignobrebi _ kanonis

18

ganmmarteblebi da aseve moZRvrebi (rabinebi) _ mesiis molodinis

suliskveTebiT kvebavdnen xalxs.

sadukevelebisagan _ imqveyniuri samyaros, sulis ukvdavebis

uarmyofelebisagan, gansxvavebiT esevelebi umTavresad zrunavdnen sulieri

ganwmendisaTvis. isini gandegilad cxovrobdnen udabnoSi, sul oTxi aTas

kacamde, mZafrad swamdaT mesiis mosvla. farisevelTa msgavsad gulamde ar

iRebdnen xasmonelTa dinastias. monawileobdnen ajanyebebSic. esevelebi

udabnoSi naxevrad monazvnurad cxovrobdnen, mTlianad gandgomodnen

miwier cxovrebas, iyvnen mkurnalni, ganmbanelni da fiqrobdnen xorcieli

ganwmendiT sulier srulyofas. isini mkvdari zRvis maxloblad, iordaniis

gadaRma cxovrobdnen. amuSavebdnen miwas, Tavisufal dros mTlianad

RmerTs uTmobdnen, uaryves piradi sakuTreba, ojaxi, Zaladobisadmi

winaaRmdegobis gaweva, hqondaT saerTo qoneba da saWmel-sasmeli, Zalze

mwiri. mtkiced icavdnen SabaTs, tansacmeli hqondaT uxeSi naWrisa,

dResaswaulis dReebSi ki TeTrebSi imosebodnen. da ai, iordanis wyals

moadga naTlismRemeli, siyrmidanve udabnoSi locviTa da marxviT

mcxovrebi kaci. mis mosasmenad SiSvel kldeTa Soris unayofo gadamwvar,

veluri mxecebiT savse udabnosaken uwyvetad modiodnen adamianebi, maT arc

ioanes garegnoba, moSvebuli Tma-wveri, aqlemis TmiT damzadebuli

tansacmeli afrTxobdaT, piriqiT usmendnen mas, inaniebdnen codvebs da

inaTlebodnen misi xeliT iordanes wyliT.

ioane mesiis Sesaxeb qadagebda. swored amitom modioda xalxi mis

mosasmenad. ucnauri da mimzidveli maTTvis iyo is, rom ioane ar acxadebda

Tavis Tavis mesias _ im dros sxva mraval moqadageTa darad, romlebic

Cndebodnen da ukvalod qrebodnen _ arao, ambobda is, me ara Tu mesia,

mesiis fexsacmelis Tasmebis gaxsnis Rirsic ki ara varo. gansakuTrebiT ki

xalxs izidavda is, rom ioane Tavis Tavs mesiis winamorbeds uwodebda:

mesiis mosvlis dro dgebao, Cems ukan modis, magram is win wava, radgan

Cemze uwin iyo. ioane amowmebda sinaTlis (mesiis) Sesaxeb. “igi movida

dasamowmeblad, raTa daemowmebina sinaTlis Sesaxeb, rom yvelas erwmuna

misi meSveobiT. igi ar iyo sinaTle, aramed movida raTa daemowmebina

sinaTlis Sesaxeb~. (ioane 1:7-8), xolo WeSmariti sinaTle gaunaTebs

qveynierebaze momsvlel yovel adamians.

`da ai, mowmoba ioanesi, rodesac iudeevlebma gaugzavnes

ierusalimidan mRvdelni da levitelni, rom ekiTxaT misTvis _ vin xar

Sen? man aRiara: me ara var qriste. da hkiTxes mas: maS ra? ilia xar? man

Tqva: ara var. winaswarmetyveli xar? man upasuxa: ara. maSin uTxres mas: vin

xar, rom pasuxi gavceT Cvens warmomgzavnelT: ras ityvi Sens Sesaxeb?~

Semdeg ki SeekiTxnen _ maS ratomRa naTlav Tu arc qriste xar, arc ilia

da arc winaswarmetyveli? miugo ioanem pasuxad: me vnaTlav wyalSi, magram

19

Tqvens Soris dgas, visac ar icnobT: vinc Cems Semdgom modis (romelic

Cemze winadaa), romlis sandlis Tasmis gaxsnis Rirsic ara var~ (ioane, 1:25-

27).

maxareblebi ioanes Sesaxeb weren rom is qadagebda sinanulis

naTliscemas codvaTa misateveblad, rogorc esaia winaswarmetyvelis

sityvaTa wignSia dawerili: `xma mRaRadeblisa udabnoSi~. `ganumzadeT gza

ufals, moasworeT misi bilikebi~ (luka, 3: 4-5)

mesiis mosvlisas yvela xorcieli ixilavda RmerTisagan gadarCenas.

xalxi, ierusalimidan, mTeli iudeidan da iordanes Semogarenis

soflebidan modioda ioanesTan da inaTleboda misgan iordaneSi,

aRiarebda codvebs.

`roca ioanem dainaxa misken mosanaTlavad momavali mravali

fariseveli da sadukeveli da uTxra maT: `iqedneTa naSobno, vin

STagagonaT momavali risxvisagan gaqceva? maSin SeqmeniT monaniebis Rirsi

nayofi~ (maTe, 3:6-8).

RvTisagan rCeuli eris Svilebi amayobdnen Tavisi maRali

warmoSobiT, iudevelebi dajerebulni iyvnen, rom mesia yvela xalxTa

Soris maT gamoarCevda da sxvaze aamaRlebda. am Sexedulebas ioane

abaTilebda. RmerTi, romelmac adami miwidan Seqmna, SemZlea iordanes

napiris qvebidanac aRudginos Svilebis abraams. ara warmoSobiT, aramed

keTili nayofiT gadarCeba adamiani _ `culic ukve devs xeTa fesvTan,

yovel xes, romelic keTil nayofs ar moisxams, moWrian da cecxlSi

Caagdeben (maTe, 3:10).

ioane naTlavda wyliT da ambobda _ `Cems Semdeg momavali Cemze

Zlieria, romlis sandlis tarebis Rirsic ara var. is mognaTlavT Tqven

suliwmindiT da cecxliT. misi niCabi mis xelSi aris. is gawmends Tavis

kalos, beRelSi moagrovebs Tavis xorbals, xolo bzes dawvavs

Cauqrobeli cecxliT~. (maTe, 3:11-12)

ioanes qadagebis ori mTavari sagani iyo sinanuli da caTa

sasufeveli. ambobda: `moinanieT, vinaidan moaxlebulia sasufeveli caTa~

anu zeciuri samefo.

ioane naTlismcemelis Sesaxeb winaswar iyo naTqvami, rom mis mama

zaqariasa da deda elisabeds, samRvdeloTa STamomavlebs, uflis

angelozis mier exaraT ioanes momavali Soba: is `suliwmidiT aRivseba

dedamisis muclidanve, da mraval Zes israelisas moaqcevs uflisaken, maTi

RmerTisaken. da is ivlis mis winaSe ilias suliT da ZaliT, rom moaqcios

mamaTa gulni Svilebis mimarT, xolo urCni marTalTa gonebaze da

warudginos ufals momzadebuli xalxi~ (luka, 1:15-17).

ioanem uflis moaxloeba jer kidev dedis mucelSive igrZno, rogorc

amas maxarebeli gvauwyebs. roca mariami, deda iesosi da elisabedi –

20

ioanes deda erTmaneTs Sexvdnen, `rogorc ki elisabedma mariamis misalmeba

moismina yrma SeuTamaSda mucelSi da aRivso elisabedi suliwmidiT,

daiZaxa xmamaRla da Tqva: kurTxeul xar Sen dedaTa Soris da kurTxeulia

Seni muclis nayofi da saidan es Cemda, rom Cemi uflis deda movida

CemTan? vinaidan roca Seni mosalmebis xma movida Cems yurTan, sixaruliT

SeTamaSda yrma Cems mucelSi~ (luka, 1:41-44).

gavida amis Semdeg ocdaaTi weli da ai, iordanes napirTan

macxovaris danaxvisas kvlav SeiZra ioane, myisve icno is, ixila misken

momavali ieso da Tqva: `ai, RmerTis kravi, romelic iRebs qveynierebis

codvas.

es aris, romlis Sesaxebac vTqvi: Cems Semdeg modis kaci, romelic

Cemze wina gaxda, vinaidan Cemze uwin iyo. me ar vicnobdi mas, magram imitom

movedi wyalSi sanaTlavad, rom is gamoecxados israels~.

mowmobda ioane da ambobda: me vixile cidan mtrediviT gardmomavali

suli da darCa masze.

`me ar vicnobdi mas, magram vinc warmomgzavna wyalSi sanaTlavad, man

miTxra: romelzec dainaxo suli gardmomavali da masze darCenili, is

aris suli wmidiT naTlismcemeli. me davinaxe da davamowme, rom es aris Ze

RmerTisa~ (ioane, 1:29-34).

maTe maxarebeli dawvrilebiT aRwers: `maSin ieso movida galileidan

iordanes ioanesTan, raTa mis mier monaTluliyo. xolo ioane winaRudga

da uTxra: me vsaWiroeb Sengan monaTvlas. Sen ki CemTan modixar? magram

iesom miugo pasuxad: dae axla, vinaidan ase gvmarTebs Cven yoveli

samarTlianobis aRsruleba. maSin ioanem miuSva igi. da monaTluli ieso

maSinve amovida wylidan da, ai, gaixsnen cani da ixila RmerTis suli

mtrediviT gardmomavali. masze eSveboda. da, ai, xma cidan metyveli: es

aris Cemi sayvareli Ze, romelSic Cemi saTnoebaa~ (maTe, 3:13-17).

saerTod ebadebaT kiTxva, ratom ineba macxovarma naTlisReba

ioanesgan, iseve rogorc naTlismcemeli SeekiTxa ufals - `me unda

vinaTlebode Sengan da Sen moxvedi CemTan?~ iesos pasuxSi, romelic misi

sazogadoebrivi msaxurebisas warmoTqmuli pirveli sityvaa, naTqvamia:

`axla ase iyos, rameTu ase gvmarTebs samarTlianobis aRsruleba~. saWiro

iyo yovelgvari moTxovnis Sesruleba, romelsac RvTis neba uCvenebda (fs.

39:7,8 ix. f.farar. ieso qristes cxovreba, gv. 67). wyalSi Sesuli ieso

loculobda. dadga Jami misi mesianuri msaxurebis kurTxevisa. ioane

uyveboda Semdgom mowafeebs, rom am locvisas man ixila daSvebuli suli

da gaigona xma momavali zecidan: `me vixile cidan mtrediviT

gardmomavali suli da darCa masze~ (ioane, 1:32).

naTlobisTanave iesom datova iordanes sanapiro da wavida mkvdari

zRvis udabnos siRrmeSi _ `sulma waiyvana udabnoSi. ormoc dRes cdida

21

mas eSmaki da araferi uWamia im dReebSi, da maTi dasrulebis Semdgom

moSivda: da uTxra eSmakma: Tu Ze RmrTisa xar, uTxari am qvas, rom purad

iqces. uTxra mas iesom pasuxad dawerilia, rom ara puriTa erTiTaA

icocxlebs kaci, aramed RvTis yoveli sityviT~ (luka, 46:1-4).

udabnoSi ineba iesom ganmartoveba, raTa kidev erTxel ganesaja

Tavisi didi saqme adamianTa xsnisa. aq satanam warudgina mas Tavisi xerxebi

kacobriobis gadarCenisa~. pirveli gziT adamianebs yuradReba unda

miepyroT `qveyniuri keTildReobisaTvis: `aqcie es qvebi purebad da

gamokvebe xalxi~, razedac satanam miiRo Sesabamisi pasuxi.

meorejer macdurma qristes SesTavaza amqveyniuri Zalaufleba da

dideba. dideba da Zalaufleba `vinaidan me maqvs gadmocemuli, visac minda

imas vaZlev. hoda Tu Tayvansa mcem Seni iqneba yovelive, miugo iesom

pasuxad: dawerilia: ufals Sens RmerTs eci Tayvani da mxolod mas

emsaxure~ (luka, 4:7-9).

amiT iesom uaryo gza ZaladobiT qveynis flobisa. mesame gza, rac

macdurma iesos SesTavaza, iyo efeqturi saswauliT zemoqmedeba

adamianebze. am gzas mravali cru mistikosi gahyva, magram qristem uaryo

da ase upasuxa mas: `naTqvamia, ar gamoscado ufali RmerTi Seni. iesom

ganvlo yvela gansacdeli da `eSmaki dromde ganSorda mas~ (luka, 4:12-13).

ieso gaemgzavra ukanve, iordanes sanapirosaken, sadac qadagebda

ioane. roca winaswarmetyvelma dainaxa qriste, gamoicno is gza, romelzec

udabnoSi fiqrobda ieso da ganacxada_ `ai RmerTis kravi, romelic iRebs

qveynierebis codvas~ (ioane, 1:29).

TviTSewirva adamianebisaTvis aseTia gadawyvetileba. male iesos

vxedavT mowafeebTan erTad iordanes napirze, sadac is ioanes msgavsad

qadagebs RvTis sasufevelis moaxloebaze. ioane naTlismcemelis orma

mowafem gaigona naTqvami _ `ai, RmerTis kravi~ da gahyvnen iesos. erTi

maTgani yofila _ andria pirvelwodebuli, saqarTvelos ganmanaTlebeli,

Zma petre mociqulisa, anu rogorc iqamde erqva simonisa. andriam mouwoda

Tavis Zmas gahyoloda iesos _ `man pirvelma ipova Tvisi Zma simoni da

uTxra: Cven vipoveT mesia, romlis Targmani niSnavs qriste. miiyvana igi

iesosTan. Sexeda mas iesom da uTxra Sen xar simoni, ioanes Ze, amieridan

Sen gerqmeba kefa, romlis Targmani niSnavs – klde~ (ioane, 1:41,42).

aTasi wlis Semdegac ki Rirsi mama giorgi mTawmindeli ixsenebda am

faqts da masze dayrdnobiT `mwodeblis~ _ andria porvelwodebulis mier

daarsebuli qarTuli eklesiis Rirsebas aTanabrebda _ `wodebulis~ petre

mociqulis mier daarsebul antioqiis sapatriarqosTan. im pirvel ors

Soris iyo ioane, Semdgom RvTismetyvelad wodebuli, iesos sayvareli

mowafe.

22

meore dRes iesom `ipova filipe~, romelic beTsaididan-andrias da

petres qalaqidan iyo. `filipem ipova naTanaeli da uTxra: Cven vipoveT is,

vis Sesaxebac werda moses sjuli da winaswarmetyvelni, ieso, iosebis Ze,

nazareTidan (ioane, 1:45).

iesom uTxra Tavis mowafeebs _ `amieridan ixilavT gaxsnil cas da

RmerTis angelozebs, Zes kacisaze aRmavlebs da Camavlebs~ (ioane, 1:51)

maTes Tanaxmad meTevze Zmebi simon da andria macxovars galileis

zRvasTan daunaxavs, roca bades isrodnen da uTqvams maTTvis: `momyeviT me

da adamianTa mebadurebad gaqcevT. maT myisve miatoves badeebi da gahyvnen

mas” (maTe, 4:19).

Semdgom ki kvlav ori Zma daumowafebia _ zebedes Zeebi _ iakobi da

ioane _mebadurebi _ `maT myisve miatoves navic da TavianTi mamac da

gahyvnen mas~ (maTe, 4:22).

markozis sityviT _ iesos iordanes napirebi miutovebia ioane

naTlismcemlis herodes mier Sepyrobis Semdeg, ieso galileis qalaqebsa

da soflebSi qadagebda sasufevlis saxarebas, aswavlida sinagogaSi,

kurnavda yovelgvar sens, moyavdaT masTan uZlurebi, sneulebi da

satanjveliT Sepyrobilni, mTvareulni da davrdomilni, misi ambavi moedo

maxlobel qveynebsa da kuTxeebs. siriidan, iudeidan, ierusalimidan,

aTqalaqidan mis mosasmenad da sanaxavad Camosulni, galilevelebTan

erTad dayvebodnen mas.

misi Sinagani simSvide da harmonia, mudmivi gawonasworebuloba,

ubraloeba, seriozuloba, sibrZne xiblavda adamianebs. iesos yvelgan

sixaruli Sehqonda, misTvis ucxo iyo qveynis uarmyofelobis sificxe,

avadmyof-egzaltirebuli mowodebani, uyvarda bavSvebi, yvavilebi,

akurTxebda sicocxles da ambobdnen mis Sesaxeb `ai kaci romelsac uyvars

Wama da Rvinis sma~. amiT TiTqmis saqveynod gamohqonda farisevelTa

moCvenebiTi, garegnuli “siwmide”, romlebic gansakuTrebul RvTismosaobis

niSnad miiCnevdnen ritualuri qmedebebis gawelvasa da gabervas, uadgilo

TavSekavebasa da Cvevebs, romlebsac xSirad TviTonve uCumrad arRvevdnen,

xalxs ki mis Sesrulebas avaldebulebdnen.

iesom pirveli saswauliT gaaxara axladSeuRlebulni da maTi

naTesavebi, roca is da misi mowafeebi galileis qalaq kanaSi miiwvies

qorwilSi, iesos dedac iq iyo. moxda ise, rom Rvino SemoakldaT. mariamma

es amcno Svils `iesom uTxra mas: ra ginda Cemgan dedakaco? Cemi Jami jer

ar damdgara”. dedamisma uTxra “msaxurebs gaakeTeT yvelaferi rasac es

getyviT~ (ioane 2:5). msaxurebma iesos sityviT aavses WurWlebi wyliT,

romelic Rvinos iqca. `ase daiwyo iesom saswaulebis moxdena galileis

kanaSi da gamoavlina Tavisi dideba. irwmunes misma mowafeebma~. (ioane, 2:11).

23

farisevluri RvTismosaobis gmobad miiCnies iesos moqmedebani

ierusalimSi, romelic RvTismetyvelTa azriT 28 wels Semdgara.

iudevelTa didi dResaswaulis dros ieso yovelTvis midioda

ierusalimSi, rogorc amas moiTxovda sjuli. ierusalimis qalaqi taZriT

cxovrobda. didebuli taZari milionobiT ebraelisa da sxvadasxva

erovnebis iudevelTa sarwmunoebriv simbolos, iudeuri religiis msoflio

centrs warmoadgenda. amis gamo dResaswaulis dReebSi qalaqi savse iyo

mlocvelebiTa da mqadageblebiT, mravlad iyvnen vaWrebi, zogi maTgani

sovdagrobda, zogi samsxverplo cxovelebs hyidda, iyvnen meduqneni, taZris

Ria stoebsa da galereebSi edgaT magidebi fulis damxurdaveblebs

(paseqamde mRvdlebi krefdnen yoveli israelelisagan sataZro gadasaxads).

ioane maxarebeli wers - `axlovdeboda iudevelTa paseqi da ieso avida

ierusalims. naxa taZarSi xarebis, cxvrebis da mtredebis gamyidvelni da

mekermeni msxdomare. gaakeTa sablis Solti da gamoreka taZridan yvela,

agreTve xarebi da cxvrebic, fulis gadamcvlelebs fuli daubnia da

magidebi auyirava. mtredebis gamyidvelebs uTxra: `gaiyvaneT eseni aqedan

da mamaCemis saxls nu gaxdiT savaWro saxlad~ (ioane 2:13-17).

iesos, xalxisaTvis sayvareli moZRvris moqmedebam SeaSfoTa

ierusalimeli rabinebi, radganac is maTeburad ar aswavlida, uaryofda

Zvel Cveulebebs, ar icavda marxvebs. sarwmunoebis medgari damcvelebi

asketurad mcxovrebi ioane naTlismcemelis mowafeebi gakvirvebulni

iyvnen. gansakuTrebul aRSfoTebas iwvevda SabaTs avadmyofTa gankurneba,

rac SabaTis darRvevad miaCndaT. xolo iesos mier codvaTa mitevebas _

gaugonar mkrexelobad Tvlidnen. `mwignobrebma da farisevlebma iwyes

msjeloba urTierTSoris da ambobdnen: vin aris es, RmerTs rom gmobs, vis

ZaluZs codvebis miteveba erTi RmerTis garda?~ (luka, 5:21).

ieso codvilebTan da codvilTa rangSi myof mebaJeebTan

urTierTobasac ar erideboda, maT saxlebSic ki Sedioda - `mwignobarni da

farisevelni drtvinavdnen da eubnebodnen mis mowafeebs: ratom WamT da

svamT mebaJeebsa da codvilebTan? iesom uTxra maT pasuxad: mkurnali

janmrTelebs ki ara avadmyofebs sWirdebaT. me marTalTa ki ara, codvilTa

mosawodeblad movedi~.

xolo SekiTxvaze farisevelTa da ioanes mowafeTa darad, xSirad

ratom ar marxulobdnen da loculobdnen iesos mowafeni, pasuxobda `gana

SeiZleba aiZulo meqorwileebi imarxulon, vidre nefe maTTan aris? magram

movlen dReni roca mefe waerTmevaT da maSin imarxulon, im dReebSi~ (luka,

6:34-35).

xolo SabaTis darRvevis Sesaxeb uTxra: `Ze kacisa SabaTis batonicaa~

da agrZelebda SabaTs avadmyofTa kurnebas. _ `isini ki risxviT aRivsnen da

urTierTSoris msjelobdnen ra gaekeTebinaT iesosaTvis~ (luka, 5:11).

24

ieso Tavis axal swavlebas adarebda axal Rvinos, romelsac Zvel

tikebSi ar asxamen, `Torem axali Rvino tikebs daxeTqavs da Rvinoc

daikargeba da tikebic. aramed axali Rvino axal tikebSi unda Caisxas~. (luka,

5:39).

qristes axali swavleba, romelsac Semdgom qristianoba ewoda, Sorsaa

uaryofiTi moralizmisgan, is erideba akrZalvebsa da SezRudvebs. amasTan

dakavSirebiT a. bogoliubovs mohyavs eklesiis didi moazrovnis netari

avgustines sityvebi `giyvardes RmerTi da moiqeci rogorc gsurs~, riTac

gamoxatulia qristianuli Sexedulebis arsi zneobriobasa da Cveulebebze.

RvTis siyvaruli TavisTavad gamomwvevia siyvarulisa RvTis yoveli

qmnilebisadmi, qmnilebaTa gvirgvinisa _ adamianebisadmi. adamianis siyvaruli

gamomdinareobs RvTis siyvarulis grZnobisagan. siyvarulis erTi niSani ki

mitevebaa. aqedan gamomdinare axali aRTqma zogjer Zvels ar eTanadeba. ieso

uaryofs Zvel wess `Tvali Tvalis wil, kbili kbilis wil~, keTilganwyobis

grZnobam unda sZlios SurisZiebisas.

qristianuli siyvaruli yovlismomcvelia, yoveli adamiani `moyvasad~

miiReba. Tavis swavlebas adamianebis siyvarulisas, ieso `axal aRTqmas~

uwodebs.

Tqven gsmeniaTo - ambobda ieso - `Seiyvare moyvasi Seni da SeiZule

mteri Seni~. me ki geubnebiT: giyvardes Tqveni mtrebi, daloceT Tqveni

mawyevarebi, qvelmoqmedeba gauwieT Tqven moZuleebs da iloceT maTTvis, vinc

Tqven gaviwroebT da gdevniT. raTa iyvneT Tqveni zecieri mamis Zeni, vinaidan

Tavisi mze amohyavs borotTa da keTilTa Tavze da wvimas ugzavnis

marTlebsa da usamarTloebs. Tu Tqven giyvarT Tqveni moyvarulebi, ra iqneba

Tqveni sazRauri? gana mebaJeebic ase ar iqcevian? da Tu Tqven mxolod Tqvens

Zmebs miesalmebiT gansakuTrebuls ras gaakeTebT? gana warmarTebic aseve ar

iqcevian? maS iyaviT srulyofilni, iseve, rogorc Tqveni zeciuri mamaa

srulyofili~ (maTe, 6:43-48).

msaxureba qveynierebis gadasarCenad

`ise Seiyvara RmerTma qveyniereba, rom misca Tavis mxolodSobili Ze,

raTa yoveli misi morwmune ar daiRupos, aramed hqondes saukuno

sicocxle~ _ ambobda Ze RvTisa nikodimosTan saubrisas (ioane, 3:16).

nikodimosi, iudevelTa mTavarTagani, farisevelTa erT-erTi

xelmZRvaneli, gaocebuli iyo iesos saswaulqmedebebiT. is erTxel movida

iesosTan RamiT, farulad, raTa qristesmoZule farisevlebsa da

iudevelTa mTavrebs araferi SeetyoT. is iesos `RvTisagan mosulad~

Tvlida da ambobda _ “aravis ZaluZs iseTi saswaulebis moxdena, rogorc

25

Sen axden, Tu masTan RmerTi ara aris (ioane, 3:2) mxolod Ze RvTisa iyo

SemZle mravlad aResrulebina iseTi saswaulebi, romelTa Sesrulebac

Cveulebrivi ZalebiT adamians ar ZaluZs da SesaZloa mxolod

gansakuTrebuli RvTaebrivi ZaliT. nikodimoss surda Seetyo namdvilad

iyo Tu ara ieso is mxsneli msofliosi, romelsac mouTmenlad eloda

ebraeli da sxva xalxebi. `miugo iesom da uTxra mas: `WeSmaritad,

WeSmaritad geubnebi Sen: vinc xelaxla ar iSoba ver ixilavs RvTis

sasufevels~ (ioane, 3:3). ra aris RvTis sasufeveli? RvTis sasufevlis, anu

RvTis samefos Sesaxeb ieso qriste xSirad esaubreboda xalxs igavebis

saSualebiT qadagebaTa dros. mesiis mosvlis Semdeg xalxis azriT

qveyanaze dadgeboda RvTis samefo. (e.i. romis imperiisa Tu sxva qveyniur

saxelmwifoTa da samefoTa adgils daiWerda axali sazogadoebrivi wyoba,

oRond ara kacTa mier mofiqrebuli da Seqmnili, aramed uzenaesi, RvTis

uSualo mmarTvelobiT dawesebuli. RvTis am samefoSi xalxi bednieri

iqneboda da tanjva-wameba moispoboda). xalxs masiurad hqonda msgavsi

Sexeduleba, amitomac iesos swavleba RvTis sasufevels (anu samefos)

Tvisobriobis Sesaxeb, maTTvis gaugebari iyo. saWiro iyo xSiri axsna-

ganmarteba saxeebisa da igavebis moSveliebiT. iesom erT SekiTxvaze ase

upasuxa _ `Cemi samefo ara amqveyniuria~ (ioane, 18:36). ara qveyniuri, aramed

sxva kanonebiT moarsebe, es samefo am qveynad modis da moaqvs zeciuri

kanonebi. RvTis sasufeveli (samefo) aris ara axali sazogadoebrivi wyoba,

aramed, upirveles yovlisa axali sicocxle adamianuri sulisa, samyaro,

romelSic ganuxrelad batonobs RmerTi. is SeumCnevlad imyofeba

adamianTa Soris, is yvelganaa: romelime kerZo adamianis gulSi, ojaxSi,

sazogadoebaSi. mas moaqvs masSi SesulisaTvis simSvide da umaRlesi

sixaruli, aris gabruebuli Tavdaviwyeba aramed naTeli, zeciuri mamis

sikeTis da madlis fxizeli dajereba.

am grZnobis Sedareba SeuZlebelia qveyniur romelime sixarulTan.

yvelafers cvlis garSemo, nergavs imeds da exmareba arafriT SeSindnen am

qveynad. am axal cxovrebaSi sustebi, suliT glaxakebi gaixareben,

mgloviareni damSviddebian, simarTlisaTvis devnilni – dakmayofildebian.

es iqneba samefo, sadac izeimeben mSvidni, mSvidobismyofelni, guliT

wmidanni. isini miiReben umaRles netarebas _ RmerTTan erTobas (andrei

bogoliubovi, `Ze kacisa~ gv. 78-80).

nikodimoss, romelic RamiT estumra iesos, ainteresebda ra unda

gaekeTebina adamians RvTis samefoSi Sesasvlelad. iesom ase upasuxa: `Tu

vinme maRlidan ar iSoba, ver SeZlebs RvTis sasufevlis xilvas~.

nikodimoss Zalze gaukvirda, rogor SeuZlia adamians xelaxla dabadeba,

magram macxovarma uTxra ara Cveulebriv xorciel Sobaze, aramed

sulierze, rom adamianisaTvis aucilebelia Secvla Tavisi sulieri mxrisa,

26

sul sxva – sruliad keTil arsebad gadaqceva. aseTi Secvla ki adamians

mxolod RvTis ZaliT SeuZlia. `Tqven maRlidan unda iSvaT~ (ioane, 3:7),

`sulisagan~. `WeSmaritad, WeSmaritad geubnebi Sen, Tu vinme wylisa da

sulisagan ar iSveba ver SeZlebs RmerTis sasufevelSi Sesvlas~ (ioane, 3:5)

(macxovari gulisxmobda naTlobiT (`wyliT~) da naTlobisas sulis

gardamosvlis meoxebiT morwmuneTaTvis RvTis sasufevelis karis gaxsnas).

qveyniereba Ze RvTisas mier gadarCeba - `rameTu ar warmogzavna

RmerTma Tavisi Ze qveynierebaze, rom gaasamarTlos qveyniereba, aramed rom

qveyniereba gadarCes mis mier. visac swams ar gasamarTldeba, xolo visac

ar swams, ukve msjavrdebulia, radgan ar irwmuna RmerTis mxolodSobili

Zis saxeli. sasamarTlo ki is aris, rom sinaTle movida qveynierebaze da

adamianebma sinaTleze metad Seiyvares sibnele, vinaidan boroti iyo maTi

saqmeni. vinaidan yvelas, vinc borotebas sCadis, sZuls sinaTle da ar

midis sinaTlesTan, rom ar iqnes mxilebuli misi saqmeni. xolo

WeSmaritebis mqmneli sinaTlisaken midis, raTa cxadi gaxdes misi saqmeni,

RmerTSi rom arian qmnilni~ (ioane, 3:17-21).

Semdgom nikodimoss uTxra, rom movida qveynad, raTa ivnos da

mokvdes adamianebisaTvis ara samefo taxtze asavlelad, aramed jvarze:

`rogorc mosem aRmarTa gveli udabnoSi~ (anu Zelze Camohkida spilenZis

gveli, raTa gadaerCina sasikvdilod dakbenili adamianebi). sxva dros

iesom samaritel qalTan saubrisas ganacxada, rom misi RvTaebrivi

swavleba _ cocxal wyals hgavs da is, misi msmenelisaTvis iqceva `wyaros

wylad, romelic saukuno sicocxled idinebs~.

samaritelma qalma, romelic yvela imdroindeli palestineliviT

eloda mesiis mosvlas, Tqva, `me vici, rom modis mesia, romelsac hqvia

qriste, is rom mova, yvelafers gagvicxadebs~ (ioane, 4:25).

maSin iesom uTxra samaritel dedakacs - `mesia - es me var~ `me var,

romeli getyvi Sen~ (ioane, 4:26).

`dadgeba Jami – ganagrZobda ieso – da ukve aris, rodesac WeSmariti

Tayvanismcemlebi Tayvans scemen mamas suliTa da WeSmaritebiT (ioane, 4:23-

24).

samaritel qalTan iesos saubriT gaocebulma mowafeebma Tavis

moZRvars saWmeli miarTves. `iesom uTxra maT: Cemi saWmelia – vqmna Cemi

momavlineblis neba da davasrulo misi saqme~ (ioane, 4:34).

erTxel ieso SeekiTxa Tavis mowafeebs: `ras ambobs xalxi, vin var me?

maT miuges pasuxad: ioane naTlismcemeli, sxvebi – eliao, sxvebi ki vinme

Zveli, aRmdgari winaswarmetyvelio, iesom uTxra: `Tqven ki raRas ambobT:

vina var me? petrem pasuxad uTxra `RvTis cxebuli~ (luka, 9:18-20). petres

pasuxs markozi ase gadmoscems _ `Sen qriste xar~ (mark. 8:27). `Sen xar

qriste Ze cocxali RvTisa. miugo mas pasuxad iesom: `netar xar Sen, simon,

27

ioanes Zev, vinaidan Sen es gamogicxada ara xorcma da sisxlma, aramed

mamaCemma, romelic zecaSia. mec geubnebi Sen: Sena xar petre da am kldeze

avaSeneb Cems eklesias da mas ver daZlevs jojoxeTis bWeni. mogcem Sen caTa

sasufevlis gasaRebs da rasac Sehkrav dedamiwaze, zecaSic Sekruli iqneba,

xolo rasac gaxsni dedamiwaze, gaxsnili iqneba zecaSic~ (maTe, 16:16-19).

am sityvebiT macxovarma mowafeebs auwya Tavisi msoflio erTobis-

eklesiis Seqmnis Sesaxeb. (xolo petresaTvis sasufevlis gasaRebis

gadacemiT iesom mas mianiWa ufleba eklesiis wevrebze. visac is ar

miutevebda codvas, arc RvTisagan mieteveboda. igive ufleba macxovarma

misca yvela mociquls (ioane, 25:22_23). petres pirvelad uTxra amis Sesaxeb,

radganac man pirvelma aRiara rwmena mis winaSe, rom is qristea – Ze

RvTisa. ieso afrTxilebda Tavis mociqulebs, ar gaecaT misi RvTaebriobis

saidumlo, mas surda, rom adamianebs iZulebiT ki ar mieRoT macxovari an

daZalebiT, aramed Tavisufali nebiT. iesos mociqulTa ricxvi TandaTan

gaizarda da Tormeti gaxda. Tavis mowafeebs mociqulebi uwoda, radgan

Tavisi swavlebis saqadageblad gaagzavna qveynad isini: `es aris im

Tormeti mociqulis saxelebi: pirveli simoni, petred wodebuli, da

andria, misi Zma, iakob zebedes Ze da misi Zma ioane. filipe da barTlome,

Toma da maTe mebaJe, iakob alfes Ze da lebeosi, romelsac ewoda Tadeozi.

simon kananeli da iuda iskarioteli, romelmac gasca igi. es Tormeti

wargzavna iesom, amcno da uTxra warmarTTa gzaze ar iaroT da

samaritelTa qalaqSi ar SexvideT. aramed wadiT israelis saxlis

dakargul cxvrebTan. waxvalT ra, iqadageT, rom moaxloebulia sasufeveli

caTa. sneulni gankurneT, mkvdrebi aRadgineT, keTrovanni ganwmindeT,

eSmakebi gandevneT, usasyidlod miiReT usasyidlod gaeciT~ (maTe, 10:5-8).

simons TviT ufalma uwoda petre, andrias – pirvelwodebuli, iakob

zebedes Zis Zmas ioanes – RvTismetyveli uwodes, xolo naTanails –

barTlome. maTe anu levi, yofili mezvere iyo, alfes Ze iakobs ki ioane

zebedes Zisagan gansasxvaveblad, mcire erqva, lebeos – Tadeozi igive iuda

iakobis Zea.

am Tormet mTavar mociqulTa garda ieso qristem Semdgom

samocdaaTi mociquli airCia: markozi, luka, kleopa da sxvebi. isinic

gaagzavna saqadageblad.

macxovars gverdiT ara marto kacebi, aramed qalebic axldnen,

marTasTan saubridan Cans, rom qalebis adgili marto ojaxis kerasTan ki

ar aris, aramed maT unda icxovron sruli sulieri cxovrebiT. macxovars

uyvarda iudeveli lazaresa da misi debis mariamisa da marTas ojaxi,

xSirad iyo maTTan. qadagebaTa dros iesos axldnen maria magdalineli

(Tavdadebuli qali, romlisganac iesom Svidi eSmaki gandevna (luka 10:30).

28

zebedes coli - salomea (ioanesa da iakobis deda), xana (ioana) – herodes

mouravis coli, maria kleopasi da susana.

`romelnic RmerTma SeaerTa, kacni nu ganaSoreben~ - ambobda ufali

meuRleTa Sesaxeb. ojaxuri simtkicis safuZveli colqmris erTianobaa~

amitom miatovebs kaci mamas da dedas, miewebeba Tavis cols da orni

iqmnebian erT xorcad, amrigad, isini ukve orni ki aRar arian, aramed erTi

xorci~ (maTe, 19:5-6). ojaxis nayofi – bavSvebi gansakuTrebiT uyvarda

iesos. amitomac bavSvebiT iyo garSemortymuli, is ambobda – “gamouSviT

bavSvebi da nu abrkolebT maT CemTan mosasvlelad, vinaidan

magaTnairebisaa caTa sasufeveli~ (maTe, 19:14)

erTxel ieso avida mTaze da dajda, roca miuaxlovdnen moswavleebi

da xalxi, aswavla maT netarebaTa mcnebani. es qadageba gulia ieso

qristes swavlebisa. aT mcnebasTan erTad, romelic RmerTma kacobriobas

misca, mTaze qadageba qristianTa cxovrebis megzuria:

1. netar iyvnen glaxakni suliTa, rameTu maTi ars sasufeveli caTa

(suliT glaxakni isinia, romelnic ar amayoben da trabaxoben, radganac

ician, rom araviTari keTili saqmis gakeTeba ar SeuZliaT RvTis Semweobis

gareSe. aseve isini, romelnic grZnoben da Segnebuli aqvT TavianTi

codvebi da sulieri naklovanebebi).

2. netar iyvnen mglovareni guliTa, rameTu igini nugeSis-cemul iqmnen

(mglovareni – naRvloben da tirian TavianT codvebsa da sulier

naklovanebebs. ufali miutevebs maT, miscems am qveynadac nugeSs; xolo

imqveynad sixaruls).

3. netar iyvnen mSvidni, rameTu maT daimkvidron qveyana (mSvidni –

Tvinieri adamianebi arian, romelnic moTminebiT itanen yovelgvar

ubedurebas, uwyinarni arian RvTisa. adamianebisgan wyenasa da usiamovnebas

mSvidad xvdebian, ar javrdebian aravisze).

4. netar iyvnen, romelTa Siodes da swyurodes simarTlisaTvis, rameTu

igini gaZRnen (simarTlisaTvis mSier-mwyurvalni gaZRebian).

5. netar iyvnen mowyaleni, rameTu igini Seiwyalnen (mowyaleni

gulkeTili adamianebia, gasaWirSi myofi adamianebis dasaxmareblad mzad

myofni – TviTon iqnebian RvTis mier gansakuTrebiT Sewynarebulni).

6. netar iyvnen wmidani guliTa, rameTu maT RmerTi ixilon (wmidani

guliT – guliT sufTa adamainebia, romelnic ara marto eridebian boroti

saqmis Cadenas, aramed TavianT gulSic cdiloben siwmindis Senaxvas e.i.

iSoreben borot fiqrsa da survils. isini mudam RmerTTan iqnebian, mas

ixilaven).

7. netar iyvnen mSvidobis myofelni, rameTu isini Zed RmrTisad iwodnen

(mSvidobis myofelni – mSvidobis moqmedni arian, romelTac ar uyvarT

29

araviTari dava, cdiloben yvelasTan mSvidobiT icxovron, megobrulad da

sxvebic Searigon erTmaneTs).

8. netar iyvnen devnilni simarTlisaTvis, rameTu maTi ars sasufeveli

caTa (simarTlisaTvis devnilni arian, romelTac ise uyvarT simarTliT

(e.i. RvTis kanoniT) cxovreba, rom samarTlianobisaTvis yovelgvar devnas

itanen da iTmenen).

9. netar iyvneT Tqven, raJams gyvedridnen da gdevnidnen da Tqvan

yoveli sityva boroti Tqvenda mimarT sicruiT CemTvis.

(netar xarT Tqven roca gaglanZRaven, gagdevnian da yovelnair borots

ityvian Tqvenze Cems gamo).

Semdgom iesom ganacxada, rom is movida ara rjulis gasauqmeblad,

aramed aRsasruleblad, xolo vinc Tundac umcires mcnebas daarRvevs da

ise aswavlis adamianebs – umciresi daerqmeva caTa sasufevelSi.

adamianTa damokidebuleba RvTisadmi da adamianebisadmi iesomde

sxvagvari iyo. RmerTi, yovlisSemZle Semoqmedi, amave dros despotad

hyavdaT warmodgenili. xolo siyvaruli yoveli adamianisa, miaCndaT

arasavaldebulod, aramed mxolod maxlobelisa, `moyvasisa~ da umetes

SemTxvevaSi mxolod Tanametome ebraelisa _ rCeuli eris Svilisa. iesom

Secvala es warmodgenebi. iesom aswavla, rom RmerTi – mamaa yoveli

adamianisa. uyvars samyaro, uyvars adamianebi, mouwodebs maT dedamiwaze

icxovron sixaruliTa da gonierebiT. adamiani mona ki araa RmerTisa,

aramed Svili, mama ar iTxovs misgan garegan, formalur Tayvaniscemas.

`roca loculobT, nu iqnebiT, rogorc TvalTmaqcni, romelTac uyvarT

sinagogebsa da quCis kuTxeebSi dgoma da locva, raTa xalxs Tavi

moaCvenon” (maTe, 6:5). iloce dafarulSi da seni mama, romelic dafarulSi

xedavs mogizRavs Sen. `xolo locvis dros nu ilaparakeb zedmets,

rogorc warmarTebi, vinaidan hgoniaT, rom TavianTi mravalsityvaobis gamo

Sesmenili iqnebian~ (maTe, 6:7).

qristianobis pirveli da didi mcneba iesos mier gadmocemuli aseTia:

`Seiyvare ufali RmerTi Seni yovliTa guliTa SeniTa da yoveliTa suliTa

SeniTa da yovliTa gonebiTa SeniTa.

meore mcneba ki pirvelis msgavsi, miZRvnilia adamianebisadmi.

adamianis siyvarulisadmi - `Seiyvare moyvasi Seni, viTarca Tavi Seni~ (maTe,

22-38). iesom ganacxada, rom faqtiurad am ori mcnebiT gadmoicema Zveli

aRTqmis kanonebi da winaswarmetyvelebani - `am or mcnebaze hkidia mTeli

sjuli da winaswarmetyvelebani.~

vin aris moyvasi, romlis Seyvarebac saWiroa, rogorc sakuTari

Tavisa? iesom igaviT upasuxa am kiTxvas. `vinme kaci modioda

ierusalimidan ieriqons, daesxnen yaCaRebi, romlebmac tansacmeli gaxades,

30

daWres da wavidnen, is ki cocxal-mkvdari miatoves. SemTxveviT erTma

mRvdelma Camoiara. gzaze dainaxa igi da gverdi auqcia.

aseve levitelma Caiara am adgilas, dainaxa da gverdi auqcia. mere

viRac samaritelma gamoiara, dainaxa da Seicoda. mivida masTan Sesva Tavis

pirutyvze, Seiyvana sastumroSi da izruna masze. meore dRes amoiRo ori

dinari, misca sastumros patrons da uTxra – izrune masze da Tu zedmeti

xarji mogiva, rom davbrundebi mogcemo. ras fiqrob am samidan, romeli

ufro iyo yaCaRebis xelSi Cavardnilis moyvasi?~ man upasuxa: romelmac

wyaloba uyo mas~. (luka, 10:30-36).

siyvarulisa da mowyalebis mcnebebi Zveli aRTqmisaganac aris

cnobili, magram ieso Tavis swavlebas uwodebs `axal aRTqmas~, Zveli

moses kanonebi formalobebiT ifargleba, macxovari ki mouwodebs adamians

Sinagani cxovrebis sruli gardaqmnisaken. Tu aTi mcnebis meeqvse kanoniT

ikrZaleboda kacis kvla, ieso mouwodebs, boroteba saerTod ganiSoron

gulidan – `Tu miitan Sen ZRvens samsxverploze da iq gagaxsendeba, rom

Sen Zmas raime aqvs winaaRmdeg. miatove iq Seni ZRveni samsxverplosTan da

wadi, Sens Zmas Seurigdi. Semdeg modi da Seswire Seni ZRveni. Seurigdi

Sens metoqes saswrafod, vidre masTan erTad gzas adgaxar~... (maTe, 5:23).

aTi mcnebis kanonze, romelic mruSobas krZalavs ieso ambobs, rom

unda ganviSoroT yovelive mankiereba. xolo Zveli aRTqmis im kanonze,

romelic fics krZalavda, ieso ambobs, rom daficeba saerTod ar aris

saWiro da keTilganwyobilebis grZnobam unda gaimarjvos Surisgebaze - `me

ki geubnebiT Tqven: win nu aRudgebiT borots, Tu vinmem marjvena loyaSi

gagawnas, meore loyac miuSvire, vinc moisurvebs Sens gankiTxvas da Seni

mosasxamis wamoRebas, samoselic Tan gaatane mas~ (maTe, 5:39).

“Tqven gsmeniaT, rom Tqmula – ganagrZobda ieso – Seiyvare moyvasi

Seni da moiZule mteri Seni. me ki meubnebiT: giyvardeT Tqveni mawyevrebi,

sikeTe uyaviT Tqvens moZuleebs da iloceT maTTvis vinc Tqven gaviwroebT

da gdevniT, raTa iyoT Tqven Tqveni zecieri mamis Zeni, visac Tavisi mze

amohyavs borotTa da keTilTa Tavze da wvimas ugzavnis marTlebsa da

usamarTloebs. vinaidan Tu Tqven Tqveni moyvarulebi geyvarebaT, ra iqneba

Tqveni sazRauri? gana mebaJeebic aseve ar iqcevian? Tu mxolod Tqvens

Zmebs moikiTxavT, gansakuTrebuls ras gaakeTebT? gana warmarTebic aseve

ar iqcevian? maS iyaviT srulyofilni, iseve rogorc Tqveni zecieri mamaa

srulyofili~ (maTe, 5:43-48).

erTxel petre SeekiTxa iesos - `ufalo, ramdenjer unda mivutevo

Cems winaaRmdeg rom Sescodos, Svidjer?~ uTxra mas iesom: `me ar geubnebi

Svidjer – meTqi, aramed samocdaaTgzis Svidjer~ (maTe, 18:21-22). e.i. mudam.

iesos mier gamoTqmuli oqros wesad cnobili darigeba aseTia -

`rogorc gindaT rom mogeqcnen adamianebi, Tqvenc ise moeqeciT maT~ (maTe,

31

7:12) `nu ganikiTxavT, raTa ra gangikiTxon, vinaidan, romeli gankiTxviTac

ganikiTxavT da romeli sawyaoTic miuwyavT imaveTi mogewyvebaT Tqven. rad

uyureb bewvs Seni Zmis TvalSi, xolo sakuTar TvalSi diresac ki ver

amCnev? anda rogor etyvi Sens Zmas: mimiSvi, amogiRo Tvalidan bewvio da

aha, Sen TvalSi ki direa! TvalTmaqco, jer Seni Tvalidan dire amoiRe da

mere dainaxav, rogor amoiRo bewvi Seni Zmis Tvalidan~ (maTe, 7:1-15).

iesos gansakuTrebuli zrunvis da dacvis sagans warmoadgenda

sazogadoebis yvelaze dabali fenebi, romelTa nawils xSirad codvilebad

da miukareblebadac ki Tvlidnen. aseT `codvilebTan~ iesos urTierToba,

aocebda da ajavrebda `zneobriv nawils~ - farisevlebs da kanonis

mcvelebs.

`da iyvnen yovelni mezvereni da codvilni maxloblad misa da

ismendes missa. da drtvinavdes farisevelni da mwignobarni da ityodes,

viTarmed: ese codvilTa Seiwynarebs da maT Tana Wams da svams~ (luka, 15:1).

`magram man uTxra maT aseTi igavi: romelime Tqvengans asi cxvari

rom hyavdes da erTi dakargos, ar datovebs oTxmocdacxramets udabnoSi

ar wava dakargulisaTvis vidre ar ipovis? rom ipovis sixaruliT mxrebze

Seisvams... Tqven geubnebiT, rom aseve, ufro meti sixaruli iqneba zecaSi

erT codvilze, romelic moinaniebs vidre oTxmocdacxramet marTalze,

romelTac monanieba ar sWirdebaT... aseve dedakaci, romelsac aTi draqma

aqvs, erTi draqma rom dakargos, gana ar aanTebs asanTs, ar dagvis saxls

da gulmodgined ar moZebnis vidre ipovis? (luka, 15:7-8).

iesom maT uTxra igavi uZReb Svilze, or Zmaze, romelTagan erTma

Tavis wili qoneba mamamiss gamoarTva, gaflanga da daglaxakda, ris

Semdegac mamis saxls daubrunda, mamam ki sixaruliT miiRo sityvebiT - `es

Cemi Ze mkvdari iyo da gacocxlda, dakarguli iyo da gamoCnda da daiwyes

mxiaruleba~.

ara janmrTelebs esaWiroebaT mkurnali, aramed avadmyofebs, Ze

kacisa movida daRupulTa mosaZebnad da gadasarCenado – brZanebda ufali.

ase moiZia da gadaarCina iesom codvebiT daRupuli mezvereTa

(mebaJeTa) ufrosi zaqe, gadasaxadebis amkrefi, TanametomeTa yvlefiT

gamdidrebuli. romaelTa samsaxurSi momuSave yvela mebaJes israelianebi

codvilebad Tvlidnen da viTarca codvilT ar ekarebodnen araviTar

saqmeSi. ieso ki mivida zaqes saxlSi - `vinc ki dainaxa, yvelani mohyvnen

buzRuns da ambobdnen: codvil kacTan Sevida. zaqe wamodga da uTxra

ufals: aha ufalo Cemi qonebis naxevars Raribebs mivcem da Tu vinmesTvis

rame gamomiZalvia, oTxmagad mivageb. iesom uTxra mas: dRes moxda am

saxlis gadarCena, imitom rom isic abraamis Zea. vinaidan Ze kacisa movida

dakargulis mosaZebnad da gadasarCenad~ (luka, 19:7-10).

32

aseve gamarTlda uflis TvalSi taZarSi mlocveli mebaJe, romelmac

Seigno Tavisi codvebi, is cisken Tvalis mipyrobasac ver bedavda, mkerdSi

xels icemda da ambobda oriode sityvas `RmerTo Semiwyale~. iqve ki, mis

win idga fariseveli, romelic uflis winaSe Tavis sarwmunoebriv

damsaxurebas Tvlida da mezveres ganikiTxavda. iesom Tqva amis gamo –

mezvere ufro gamarTlebuli wavida Tavis saxlSi, vidre fariseveli,

vinaidan `yoveli vinc Tavs aimaRlebs, damdabldeba, da vinc Tavs

daimdablebs – amaRldeba~ (ioane, 18:14).

didad gaakvirva da daaeWva fariseveli simoni iesos qmedebam, roca

mis saxlSi sadilis dros Semovida mruSad cnobili qali. Zvirfasi

nelsacxebeli scxo iesos fexebs da cremlmdinarma Tavisi TmiT

gaumSrala. ufalma simons uTxra - `Sens saxlSi Semovedi da wyali ar

momeci fexebisTvis, aman ki cremliT damisvela fexebi da Tavisi TmebiT

warmxoca, Sen ambori ar momec, amas ki rac Semovida ar Seuwyvetia Cemi

fexebis kocna, Sen zeTi ar momacxe Tavze, aman ki nelsacxebeli moscxo

Cems fexebs. amis gamo geubnebi: mieteva magas mravali Tavis codva, rameTu

friad Seiyvara, xolo visac cota mieteveba, mcired uyvars. da uTxra mas,

migeteva Seni codvani. da masTan msxdomebma iwyes laparaki TavisTvis: vin

aris es codvebs rom miutevebs? man ki uTxra dedakacs: Senma rwmenam

gadagarCina Sen, wadi mSvidobiT~ (luka 8:45-50).

aseve mruS dedakacs Seexeba momdevno ambavic. erTxel ierusalimSi

yofnisas iesosTan miiyvanes qali, mxilebuli qmris RalatSi, risTvisac

kanonis Tanaxmad unda Caqoliliyo.

Tu ieso ar inebebda qalis Caqolvas, amiT is kanons daarRvevda.

xolo Tu kanonis aRsrulebis nebas darTavda, maSin mis mier qadagebul

mimteveblobasa da gulmowyalebas formalobad CaTvlidnen da

aiTvaliswunebdnen. swored amitom miuyvanes iesos mtrebma mruSi. iesom

qalis Casaqolad momzadebul brbos uTxra: `vinc Tqvens Soris ucodvelia,

pirvelad man esrolos qva~ (ioane, 8:7). brbo, romlis TiToeul wevrs

Segnebuli hqonda Tavisi codvebi da ucodvelad Tavs ar Tvlida, Sedrka,

Semdeg ki daiSala. marto darCenil qals iesom uTxra: `wadi, amieridan

aRar Sescodo~.

iesos mowyalebaTagan avadmyofTa mkurnaloba erTerTi umTavresia.

gankurnebis aucilebel pirobad macxovari Tvlida avadmyofis

sarwmunoebas. `Senma sarwmunoebam gadagarCina Sen~ - uTxra iesom

gamojanmrTelebul qals. aRsaniSnavia, rom zogjer avadmyofis maxlobeli

adamianis rwmenac asrulebs mTavar rols. rogorc amas uCvenebs magaliTi,

roca mamam avadmyofi Svili miiyvana iesosTan. iesos kiTxvaze sjeroda Tu

ara mas Svilis gamojanmrTeleba, mamam upasuxa - “mwams ufalo, Seewie Cems

urwmunoebas~. qristem gankurna vaJi.

33

xSirad ufali organizms akavSirebda sulis mdgomareobasTan. `Sen

gamojanmrTelebuli xar, nuRar Sescodav~ - ambobda is gankurnebis Semdeg.

xolo zogjer avadmyofs pirdapir miutevebda codvebs. erTxel masTan

sawoliT miyvanil kacs, imis gamo, rom misi momyvanebis rwmena ixila,

uTxra - `adamiano, mogeteva Seni codvebi~. mwignobrebma da farisevlebma

iwyes msjeloba da ambobdnen: vin aris es, RmerTs rom gmobs, vis ZaluZs

codvebis miteveba RmerTis garda. iesom icoda ra maTi zraxvebi, uTxra

pasuxad: ra ganizraxeT Tqvens gulSi? ra ufro advilia, Tqma: Seni

codvebi mogeteva, Tu Tqma adeq da gaiare? xolo raTa icodeT rom Ze

kacisas dedamiwaze codvebis mitevebis Zalaufleba aqvs eubneba

davrdomils: Sen geubnebi: adeq, aiRe Seni sawoli da wadi Sens saxlSi.

myisve wamodga maT winaSe, aiRo razec iwva da wavida Tavis saxlSi da

adidebda RmerTs. da adidebdnen RmerTs da SeSinebulebi ambobdnen:

saocrebani vnaxeT dRes~ (luka 5:22-26).

saqadageblad gagzavnil Tavis mociqulebs iesom pirvel rigSi

avadmyofTa gankurneba daavala da misca mkurnalobis Zala.

macxovari xalxis winaSe zogjer, saWiroebis mixedviT avlenda Tavis

zeadamianur Zalas, axdenda saswauls, Tumca ki saswaulebis mosurneT ar

uwonebda TavianT survils. galileis kanaSi momxdari pirveli saswaulis

Semdeg aCvena Tavisi Zala. erTxel tbis piras qadagebis dros ieso navSi

avida da iqidan aswavlida xalxs, ris Semdegac mociqulebTan erTad

Securda wylis siRrmeSi, uflis sityvebis Tanaxmad simon-petrem,

romelmac wina RamiT verafris daWera SesZlo, bade moisrola. bades

imdeni Tevzi amohyva, rom ori navi gaivso da simZimisagan CaZirva daiwyo. am

saswaulis xilvisas mociqulebi da petre SiSma Seipyro. iesom uTxra: `nu

geSinin svimon, amieridan iyo kacTa monadire~ (luka, 5:10).

erTxel iesom mkvdreTiT aRadgina naineli qvrivis dediserTa Ze.

mkvdari wamodga da daiwyo laparaki. ris Sesaxebac Seityo mTelma iudeam.

xolo iesos mier aboboqrebul tbaSi naviT curvisas qariSxlis dacxromam

TviT mociqulebi gaaoca. `maSin uTxra maT, sad aris Tqveni rwmena? isini

SiSiT da gaocebiT eubnebodnen erTimeores: vin aris es, qarebsac rom

ubrZanebs da wyalsac da emorCilebian mas?~ (luka 8:25).

maxarebeli markozi gadmogvcems erT saswaulebriv ambavs: `movida

sinagogis erTi ufrosTagani, saxelad iairosi. dainaxa Tu ar igi mis

muxlebTan daeca. da Zalian evedreboda mas da eubneboda: Cemi gogona

sikvdilis pirzea. modi da daade xelebi, rom gamojanmrTeldes da

icocxlos. wahyva mas. didZali xalxi aedevna da aviwroebda. da erTi

dedakacic, romelsac Tormet weliwads hqonda sisxlis dena. mravali

tanjva gadaitana, rac gaaCnda yvelaferi daxarja, magram veraferma argo,

aramed uares mdgomareobaSi Cavarda. moismina iesoze, zurgidan mivida da

34

Seexo mis samosels. ambobda: marto mis samosels rom Sevexo

ganvikurnebio. da imwamsve daSra misi sisxlis wyaro da sxeulSi igrZno,

rom ganikurna satkivarisagan... man ki uTxra: asulo, Senma rwmenam

gadagarCina, wadi mSvidobiT da gamojansaRdi Seni senisgan~.

roca ieso jer kidev laparakobda, modian sinagogis ufrosTan da

eubnebian, Seni asuli mokvda, ratomRa awuxeb moZRvars? iesom ki am

sityvebis mosmenisTanave uTxra sinagogis ufross: nu geSinia, mxolod

irwmune... mividnen sinagogis ufrosis saxlSi da xedavs areulobas da

mtiralT, da xmamaRla mTqmelT. Sevida da eubneba: taliTaA kumi rac

niSnavs: `Sen geubnebi gogona adeq~ da myisve wamodga gogona da gaiara...

(mark, 6: 21-42).

iesos yvelaze saxelganTqmuli saswaulia xuTi puriT da ori

TevziT xuTi aTasi kacis dapureba. Wamis Semdeg moagroves narCeni natexebi

`da aavses Tormeti godori im xuTi qeris puris natexebiT, romlebic Wamis

Semdeg darCa. maSin iesos mier moxdenili saswaulis mxilvelma xalxma

Tqva: esaa WeSmaritad is winaswarmetyveli, romelic qveyanaze unda

mosuliyo~ (ioane, 6:15).

aseve cnobilia iesos wyalze siaruli. zRvaze mavali macxovris

xilvam SeaZrwuna navSi mjdomi mociqulebi. da moCveneba egonaT. `magram

ieso myisve gamoelaparaka maT da uTxra: `gamxnevdiT me var nu geSiniaT!~

petrem uTxra mas pasuxad: `ufalo Tu es Sena xar, mibrZane movide SenTan

wyaldawyal~. man ki uTxra: `modi!~ petre gadmovida navidan da wyaldawyal

midioda, rom iesosTan misuliyo. magram, qari rom SeniSna, SeeSinda,

CaZirva iwyo da daiyvira, ufalo, mixseni me! iesom imwamsve gauwoda xeli,

mohkida mas da uTxra: ratom daeWvdi, mcired morwmunev? da roca isini

navSi avidnen qari Cadga. xolo navSi myofebma Tayvani sces mas da uTxres

WeSmaritad xar Sen Ze RmrTisa~ (maTe, 14: 27-33).

saswaulTa Semdgom iesos RvTaebriobis aRiareba acofebda

farisevlebsa da mwignobrebs. erTxel brmisaTvis TvalTa axelis Semdgom

iesos Sesaxeb `zogma farisevelma Tqva: es kaci araa RmerTisgan, raki

SabaTs ar icavs. sxvebma ki Tqves: rogor SeZlebs codvili kaci aseTi

saswaulebis moxdenas? da iyo maT Soris ganxeTqileba. kvlav eubnebian

brmas: Sen ras ityvi mis Sesaxeb? man Tqva: winaswarmetyvelia igi” (ioane,

9:16-17). kvlav SeekiTxnen brmas, Semdeg ki gauwyrnen - `maT ki galanZRes igi

da uTxres: Sen xar misi mowafe, Cven ki moses mowafeebi varT. Cven viciT,

rom moses elaparakeboda RmerTi, es ki ar viciT, saidanaa igi. kacma

pasuxad uTxra maT: sakvirveli swored isaa, rom Tqven ar iciT, saidanaa

igi, man ki Tvalebi amixila. Cven viciT, rom codvilebs ar usmens RmerTi.

aramed Tu vinme RmerTis moSiSia da mis nebas asrulebs, imas usmens igi.

saukunidan ar gagonila, rom vinmes brmad dabadebuls Tvalebi aexilos.

35

es rom RmerTisgan ar yofiliyo, verafers gaakeTebda~ (ioane, 9:28-33). brma

gaagdes, is naxa iesom da SeekiTxa: `Sen gwams Ze kacisa?~ man uTxra

pasuxad: vinaa igi, ufalo, rom viwamo? iesom uTxra: Sen ginaxavs igi da

Sen gelaparakeba! isaa!.. da uTxra iesom: sasamarTlod movedi am

qveynierebaze, raTa ver mxedvelT dainaxon, mxedvelni ki dabrmavdnen~.

farisevelni SeekiTxnen: `nuTu Cvenc brmebi varT?~ `brmebi rom

yofiliyaviT codva ar geqnebodaT. axla ki ambobT Tvalxilulni varTo.

Tqveni codva rCeba~. – miugo iesom. `me var kari - vinc CemiT Sedis

gadarCeba~...

mzadeba gamosyidvisaTvis

ieso qristes saswaulTa, kurnebaTa da swavlebaTa ambavi moedo

mTels palestinas. xalxi yvelgan eloda da Tan dahyveboda mas.

mociquli maTe wers: `im xanad herode meoTxed mTavramde miaRwia

iesos ambavma da uTxra Tavis msaxurT: es aris ioane naTlismcemeli,

mkvdreTiT amRdgara da amitom Zalni moqmedeben masSi” (maTe,14:12).

ioane herodem moakvlevina. es herode antipa iyo Svili herode

didisa, romelsac mamisgan gamohyolia amoraluri wesi cxovrebisa. herode

didis sikvdilis Semdeg, romaelebma mis memkvidres arqelaoss mefis

tituli ar daumtkices da is qveyanas eTnarqis wodebiT marTavda. imis

Semdeg rac herodeanTa dinastiis winaaRmdeg xalxi amxedrda, arqelaosi

qveynidan gadaasaxles da iudeam saerTod dakarga damoukidebloba, igi

oTx nawilad dayves romaelebma (iudea, samaria, galilea da hereia). herode

antipa meoTxedmTavris wodebiT marTavda galileas. igi morwmune iyo

iudevelTa rjulisa, amitomac ioane naTlismcemeli, mis mier cixeSi

Caketili, TiTqosda sapatio patimrobaSi hyavda, usmenda mas da

pativiscemiT imsWvaleboda mis mimarT. ioane ki Seupovrad amxelda mis

uzneobas. dapatimrebamde saqveynod qadagebda, rom antipas mier misi Zmis

colis SerTva ukanonobas warmoadgenda, amis gamo daiWires kidec

naTlismcemeli.

herodeam - antipas ukanono colma ipova marjve dRe ioane

naTlismcemlis dasaRupad _ es iyo tetrarqis dabadebis dRisaTvis

mowyobili zeimi.

`Sevida herodias asuli, cekvavda da asiamovnebda herodesa da

Tanameinaxeebs. da mefem uTxra qalwuls; rac gnebavs mTxove da mogcem~

(mark.,6:22). dedamisis TxovniT qaliSvilma moiTxova ioane naTlismcemlis

Tavis mirTmeva langriT. survili umal Seusrules.

36

ioane naTlismcemeli win uswrebda macxovars, misi winamorbedi iyo

da mowameobrivi sikvdiliTac TiTqosda mianiSna iesos sikvdilis tanjuli

saxe.

ioanem cixeSic Seityo iesos saqmeTa Sesaxeb da gaugzavna ori

mowafe SekiTxviT: `Sena xar momavali Tu sxva vinmes unda velodeT?~,

marTalia, iesos naTlobis Jams ioanem ixila masze gardmomavali suli

wmida, gaigona zeciuri xma, romelic amowmebda, rom is iyo Ze RvTisa,

magram radganac mis Semdeg TiTqmis erTi weli gavida da ieso ayovnebda

Tavisi mesiobis gancxadebas da ufro metic, ukrZalavda Tavis mowafeebs

amis Sesaxeb sxvebTan saubars, naTlismcemels daebada zemoaRniSnuli

kiTxva.

`xolo iesom miugi maT: midiT da uTxariT ioanes rasac ismenT da

xedavT: brmani xedaven, koWlni dadian, keTrovanni iwmindebian da yruni

ismenen, mkvdarni aRdgebian da glaxakni sixaruliT xaroben. netar ars

vinc ar Semcdara CemSi. xolo maTi wasvlis Semdeg iesom ioaneze Camougdo

sityva xalxs:

risTvis dadiodiT udabnoSi?

qarisgan rxeuli lerwmis xilvad?

risTvis dadiodiT udabnoSi?

lbili samosiT mosili kacis xilvad?

lbili samosliT mosilni mefeTa darbazebSi arian.

risTvis dadiodiT udabnoSi?

winaswarmetyvelis xilvad?

diax, getyviT Tqven, winaswarmetyvelisa da ufro metisac. radgan es

aris igi, visTvisac daiwera: aha, me vgzavni Cems angeloss Sens winaSe,

romelic ganamzadebs Sens gzas Sens winaSe. WeSmaritad geubnebiT Tqven:

dedisagan Sobilni aravin aRmdgara ioane naTlismcemelze ufrosi, xolo

caTa sasufevelSi umciresic masze umetesia’’ (maTe, 11:4-11).

ioanes mokvliT Sewuxebuli ieso wavida erT udabur agilas

ganmartoebiT. xolo xalxs rom esma es, fexiT gahyva mas qalaqebidan (ieso

tbis sxva adgilas naviT gadaadgilda). `gamovida da uamravi xalxi rom

dainaxa, Seecoda isini da gankurna maTi sneulebani~ (maTe, 14 :14).

Tanaxmad ioanes bolo mowmobisa iesos saxeli izrdeboda `is unda

izrdebodeso _ ambobda ioane _ me ki vpataravdebode... rameTu is vinc

RmerTma warmogzavna, RmerTis sityvebs laparakobs, vinaidan RmerTi zomiT

ar iZleva suls. mamas uyvars Ze da yvelaferi mas misca xelT. visac Ze

swams, saukuno sicocxle aqvs, xolo urCi Zisa ver ixilavs sicocxles,

aramed RmerTis risxva darCeba masze~ (ioane, 4:34_36).

Tavisi mSobliuri qalaqidan nazareTidan gandevnes Semdeg, roca

Tqva `arcerTi winaswarmetyveli SeuwynarebiaT Tavis mamulSi~. ieso qalaq

37

kapernaumSi daemkvidra. TiTqmis ori wlis manZilze am qalaqidan

miemgzavreboda ieso galileaSi samoRvawod, aqedan gaemgzavra finikiaSi,

samjer ierusalimSi, romelSic meoTxed Sesvlis Semdgom is galileas

mxolod mkvdreTiT aRdgomis Semdgom daubrunda, finikiisaken mogzaurobis

dros iesom gankurna _ qananeli qalis gogona, am araebraelis

sarwmunoebis siRrmem gaaoca mociqulebi. tirisa da sidonis mxaris

sazRvarTan iesos Sexvda es dedakaci, ~miyviroda mas da ambobda: Semiwyale

me, ufalo, daviTis Zeo, Cemi asuli sastikad itanjeba eSmakisagan, xolo

man xma ar gasca. da miadgnen misi mowafeebi da sTxoven: gauSvi eg,

radganac Cven mogvyviris. xolo man pasuxad Tqva: sxvas rodi movvlenivar,

aramed mxolod israelis saxlis daRupul cxvrebs. amasobaSi qalic

movida, Tayvani sca da uTxra: ufalo, Semewie me! xolo man pasuxad Tqva:

ar varga, Svilebs waarTvva da ZaRlebs miugdo puri. qalma ki uTxra: diax,

ufalo, magram, ZaRlebic xom Wamen patronis tablidan dacvenil

nasufrals. maSin iesom pasuxad miugo: aha, qalo! didia Seni rwmena, da

Seni survilsamebr mogegos Sen! da ganikurna misi asuli imave wams!~ (maTe,

15 :23-28)

ebraelebi TavianT Tavs abraamis Svilebs, RvTis Svilebsa da

zeciuri samefos (zecaTa sasufevlis) Zeebs uwodebdnen, xolo warmarTebs

uyurebdnen, rogorc ZaRlebs, amitomac macxovarma TiTqosda am

SemTxvevisas sagangebod miuTiTa ebraelebs TavianTi Sexedulebis

umarTebulobis Sesaxeb. warmarTTa Soris is xedavda Zlier sarwmunoebas,

romelic msgavss `israelis saxlis daRupul Svilebs~ - ebraelTa Sorisac

ver hpovebda.

xorcis Sesxmis Semdeg macxovari iqca WeSmarit kacad, da viTarca

yovel adamians, masac hqonda samSoblo, gaaCnda Tavisi eri, romlis

msaxureba da gadarCena upirveles saqmed miaCnda, xolo mkvdreTiT adgomis

Semdeg amaRlebis win is sagangebod avalebs mociqulebs yvela tomsa da

yvela ers amcnon saxareba, aCvenon gza da gauRon kari. - suliwmidis

mofenis Semdgom ki msoflios yvela ers Tanabari ufleba mieca da

qristes yovelis morwmune erovnebis miuxedavad, qristes rCeuli eris

Svilia.

qananeli asulis gankurnebis Semdgom ieso dabrunda galileis zRvis

piras, sadac gankurna koWlni, brmani, yruni, sapyarni. aqve saswaulebrivad

Svidi puriTa da cotaodeni TevziT, oTxiaTasi kaci gamokveba. Semdgom

gaumxila Tavis mowafeebs, rom ierusalimSi unda mieRoT tanjva,

sasikvdilod unda mieca Tavi da aRmdgariyo mesame dRes. petre, romelmac

ver gaigo Tu ras niSnavda es, kicxavda iesos, `xolo is miubrunda petres

da uTxra: gamSordi satana, Cemi sacduri xar, radgan RmerTisas ki ar

fiqrob, aramed kacisas. maSin uTxra iesom Tavis mowafeebs: romelsac

38

nebavs Sedgomad Cemda uaryos Tavisi Tavi, aRiRos Tavisi jvari da

Semomidges me.

visac Tavisi sulis gadarCena surs, mas dahkargavs, xolo vinc Cemi

gulisaTvis dahkargavs suls, is mas gadaarCens. ra sargebeli iqneba

kacisaTvis, Tu mTel qveyanas moipovebs da Tavis suls ki dahkargavs? anda

ras miscems kaci Tavisi sulis sanacvlod? radgan mova Ze kacisa Tavisi

mamis didebiTa da Tavisi angelozebis TanxlebiT da Tavisi saqmeebis

mixedviT miagebs TiToeuls~ (maTe, 16:24-27).

ramdenime dRis Semdeg waiyvana iesom petre, iakobi da ioane maRal

mTaze da icvala maT winaSe feri. mzesaviT gabrwyinda misi saxe da

gaspetakda misi samosi. gamoCndnen mose da elia, romlebic iesosTan

saubrobdnen. naTelma Rrubelma daCrdila mociqulebi da gaisma xma

Rrublidan: `es aris Cemi sayvareli, romelSic keTilad gamovCndi me. mas

usmineT.~ es rom gaigones mowafeebi Tavzardacemulni pirqve Caemxvnen.

magram movida ieso, xeli Seaxo da uTxra maT adeqiT, nu geSiniaT.

iesos feriscvalebiT surda ganemtkicebina Tavisi mowafeebi,

romelTac male misi vneba unda exilaT, amitomac aCvena Tavisi RvTaebrivi

Zala. fericvalebis Semdeg iesom gaafrTxila mowafeebi, aravisaTvis

eTqvaT amis Sesaxeb.

iesos mimarT mtrulad iyvnen ganwyobili farisevlebi da sjulis

maswavleblebi. isini iTxovdnen niSans zecidan, romelic daamtkicebda mis

RvTaebriv warmomavlobas, RvTis samefos dasawyisis niSans. ieso ki Tavis

mociqulebs ukrZalavda misi RvTaebriobis aRiarebas. SabaTis darRvevad

miiCnevdnen iesos mier avadmyofTa gankurnebas, xolo mociqulTa `Sromam~

SabaT dRes, roca maT puris yanaSi TavTavebi mowyvites da nayofi Wames –

aRaSfoTa isini. iesom uTxra farisevlebs – `Ze kacisa SabaTis ufalic

aris~. (luka, 6.5), rom SabaTi kacisaTvisaa da ara kaci SabaTisTvis. ufro

adrec uTxres farisevlebma sayveduri iesos, rom misi mowafeebi

arRvevdnen uxucesTa gadmocemebs. magaliTad, xels ar ibandnen Wamis win.

iesom mouxmo xalxs da uTxra – pirSi Semavali ki ar Sebilwavs kacs,

aramed piridan gamomavalia is, rac Sebilwavs kacs. radganac yvelaferi

rac piridan Seva, mucels gaivlis da gareT gamova, xolo piriT

gamomavali gulidan gamodis da swored is bilwavs kacs, vinaidan gulidan

gamodis ukeTuri zraxvani, kacis kvalni, mruSobani, siZvani, parvani,

ciliswameba, gmobani, eseni arian kacis Sembilwvelni, xolo xeldaubaneli

Wama ar bilwavs kacs.

farisevelTa mier sarwmunoebis moCvenebiTad mtkiced dacvaze iesom

Tqva isaias sityvebi – `miaxlovdeba es xalxi Tavisi eniT da madidebs

Tavisi bagiT, magram misi guli Sorsaa Cemgan. amaod madideben, radgan

aswavlian adamianur moZRvrebasa da mcnebebs~ (maTe, 15: 8.9).

39

mwignobarTa da farisevelTa boroteba miT ufro izrdeboda, rac

metad xvdebodnen TavianT usworobas.

ierusalimSi moaxloebuli iyo karvobis dResaswaulis dReebi da

ieso moemzada iq wasasvlelad. gagzavna macne, isini mividnen samarielTa

soflebSi, raTa sadgomi moemzadebinaT misTvis. magram ar miiRes (Cans

farisevlebs ezrunaT xalxSi iesos gavlenis Sesamcireblad). es rom

ixiles mowafeebma – Tqves `ufalo Tu gnebavs vityviT, rom cecxli

gardamoxdes zeciT da mosras isini, rogorc moiqca elia. miubrunda ieso,

Serisxa isini da Tqva: ar iciT, romeli silisani xarT. radgan Ze kacisa

adamianTa sulebis warsawymedad ki ar movida, aramed saxsnelad. da sxva

sofelSi wavidnen. moxda ise, rom gzaSi viRacam uTxra mas: sadac unda

midiode, Tan geaxlebi ufalo da uTxra mas iesom: meliebs soroebi aqvT

da cis frinvelebs - budeebi, Ze kacisas ki ara aqvs sad miidrikos Tavi”

(luka, 9:54-58).

amis Semdeg ufalma airCia sxva samocdaaTi mowafe, winaswar gagzavna

isini wyvil-wyvilad im qalaqebsa da soflebSi, sadac TviTon apirebda

misvlas. uTxra maT: samkali bevria, muSakni ki cotani arian, aha, gagzavniT

Tqven, rogorc kravebs mglebs Soris. gankurneT sneulni, axareT RmerTis

sasufevlis moaxloeba. ramdenime xnis Semdeg mociqulebi sixaruliT

dabrundnen, radgan maT eSmaknic ki emorCilebodnen ieso qristes saxeliT.

gaixara iesom da Tqva: gaRiareb mamao, cisa da miwis ufalo, vinaidan

brZenTa da gamgeT daumale es da gaucxade Cvil balRebs. yvelaferi

mamisagan momeca me da aravin icis vin aris Ze, garda mamisa da arc is vin

aris mama garda Zisa, garda imisa visTvisac Ze inebebs gamocxadebas, da

uTxra iesom mociqulebs: `vxedavdi satanas elvasaviT rom vardeboda

cidan~. da misca maT xelmwifeba mtris yoveli Zalis daTrgunvisa. aswavla

sauflo locva da uTxra: iTxoveT da mogecemaT, eZebeT da hpovebT,

daakakuneT da gageRebaT, radgan yvela mTxovnels miecema, mZebneli hpovebs

da vinc akakunebs gauReben. wmida suls miscems mama Tqveni zecieri imaT,

vinc sTxovs.

vinc ixila iesos mier eSmakis gandevna damunjebuli kacidan, Tqva: es

belzebelis, eSmakTa mTavris, SewevniT aZevebs eSmakTao. ieso mixvda ras

fiqrobdnen isini da uTxra: yoveli samefo Tavisi Tavis winaaRmdeg

gayofili, gapartaxdeba da yoveli saxli, Tavisi Tavis winaaRmdeg

gayofili – daiqceva, da Tu satana Tavis Tavs ganeyofa, rogorRa gaZlebs

misi samefo? Tqven ki ambobT, rom me belzebelis SewevniT vaZeveb eSmakT,

xolo Tu me RmerTis TiTiT vaZeveb eSmakT, mouwevia kidec Tqvenamde

RmerTis sasufevels.

zogi saswauls iTxovda misgan, iesom Tqva: ukeTuria es modgma da

saswauls eZebs, magram saswauli ar miecema mas, garda iona

40

winaswarmetyvelis saswaulisa. vinaidan rogorc iona iyo saswauli

ninevelTaTvis, aseve iqneba Ze kacisa am modgmisaTvis.

ierusalimSi rogorc karvebis, ise ganaxlebis dResaswaulis dReebSi

iesos daWera da Caqolva undodaT. karvebis dResaswaulze, mosavlis

aRebis sazeimo dReebSi ierusalimSi qveynis kuTxeebidan ikribeboda

mlocvelTa didi ricxvi. maT ierusalimSi elodaT mxiaruleba,

cxovrobdnen Ria cis qveS, rtoebisagan agebul karvebSi, Zveli tradiciis

Sesabamisad. yvelgan gaismoda iesos saxeli, Tumca ki CurCuliT, radganac

iesos saxelganTqmulobiT SeSinebulma qalaqis xelisuflebma izrunes

aekrZalaT mis Sesaxeb saubari. maT eSinodaT xalxi ar gahyoloda iesos,

mefed ar gamoecxadebinaT da romaelebis winaaRmdeg ar ajanyebuliyvnen.

dResaswaulis bolo dReebSi iesos Sesapyrobad mRvdelmTavrebma da

farisevlebma gagzavnes msaxurni. maT ar Seipyres ieso. SekiTxvaze Tu

ratom? upasuxes – `arasodes kacs ise ar ulaparaknia, rogorc es kaci

laparakobs. farisevlebma upasuxes: nuTu Tqvenc gacdunaT?~ (ioane, 7:46-47).

meore dRes ieso kvlav mivida taZarSi, xalxs uTxra – `me var naTeli

soflisa, romeli Semomidges me, ara vidodes bnelsa, aramed aqundes

naTeli cxovrebisa.~ farisevlebma uTxres: Sen TviTon mowmob Sens Tavs,

Seni mowmoba ara WeSmaritia. iesom uTxra maT: me Tu Cems Tavs vmowmob,

Cemi mowmoba WeSmaritia, radgan vici, saidan movedi da sad mivdivar. Tqven

ki ar iciT, saidan movedi da sad mivdivar. Tqven xorcis mixedviT

asamarTlebT, me ki ar vasamarTleb aravis. me Tu vasamarTleb, Cemi

sasamarTlo WeSmaritia, radgan me marto ara var, aramed me da mama varT

erTad romelmac me warmomagzavna.

iesos ekiTxebodnen israelis gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb. ieso ambobda:

`ukueTu Tqven daadgeT sityvaTa CemTa, WeSmaritad mowafeni Cemni xarT. da

scnaT WeSmariti da WeSmaritebaman gangaTavisuflnes Tqven~ (ioane, 8-32).

iudevelebma upasuxes – Cven abraamis Svilebi varT da arasodes

vyofilvarT monebi. razedac iesom miugo - `yvela codvis Camdeni codvis

monaa, Tu Ze gagaTavisuflebT namdvilad Tavisuuflebi iqnebiT. Tqven rom

abraamis Svilebi iyoT abraamis saqmeebs gaakeTebdiT. axla ki Cems moklas

eZiebT, kacisas romelmac giTxraT WeSmariteba, rac RmerTisagan movismine.

abraamis aseTi ra gaukeTebia. me gamovedi da movedi RmerTisagan, vinaidan

me CemiT ki ar movsulvar, aramed man warmomagzavna. vinc Cems sityvas

icavs, igi ar ixilavs sikvdilis ukunisamde. me ganmadidebs mamaCemi,

romlis Sesaxeb ambobT: Cveni RmerTi ariso. Tqven is ver SeicaniT, me ki

vicnob mas. sanam abraami iqneboda, me var” maSin aiRes qvebi, rom CaeqolaT

ieso, magram is moefara da gamovida taZridan (ioane, 8).

aseve undodaT iesos Sepyroba ierusalimSi taZris kurTxevis

(ganaxlebis) dReebSi, romelic RvTismetyvelTa azriT, momxdara axali

41

eris 29 wlis dekembris meore dekadaSi. taZris solomonisad saxeldebul

derefanSi iesos gars Semoexvivnen iudevelni da moiTxoves misgan sajarod

gamoecxadebina Tavi qristed, Tu ki ase miaCnda Tavisi Tavi. israelianebi

mesiis mosvlas ukavSirebdnen Tavisi saxelmwifos aRdgenas da iudevelTa

msoflios mpyrobel erad gadaqcevas. ase esmodaT maT qveyanaze RvTis

sasufevlis dadgoma. amitomac mzad iyvnen mesias, RvTis ZaliT uZlevels,

gahyolodnen da mefed gamoecxadebinaT.

iudevelebma uTxres iesos – `rodemde geWireba Cveni suli

gaugebrobaSi? Tu qriste xar, gviTxari garkveviT~. iesom upasuxa:

,,giTxariT Tqven da ar irwmuneT Cemi. saqmeni romelTac me vakeTeb mamaCemis

saxeliT, mowmoben Cems Sesaxeb. me da mama erTi varT~. am sityvebisaTvis

iesos Caqolva undodaT, eubnebodnen: ,,kaci xar da RmerTad xdi Sens Tavs~.

iesom kvlav Tqva ganmartebaTa Semdeg - `CemSia mama, me ki – mamaSi~.

undodaT misi mokvla magram miefara maT TvalTagan.

ieso mis mimarT mtrulad ganwyobil iudeidan wavida iordanis

gadaRma im adgilas, sadac winaT naTlavda ioane, sadac moxda misi

gancxadeba. WeSmaritia yvelaferi rac ioanem Tqva mis Sesaxeb – ase

ambobdnen masTan mravlad mimavali adamianebi. bevrma irwmuna qriste iq

(ioane, 10).

aq Seatyo iesom lazares, ATavisi megobris avadmyofobis Sesaxeb da

gamoxata survili iudeaSi wasvlisa, sadac lazare cxovrobda mociqulebs

ki SeeSindaT, radganac iudeaSi iesos mosaklavad eZebdnen da uTxres -

,,rabi, iudevelebi axlaxan Casaqolad geZebdnen da kvlav iq midixar?~

- ,,lazarem, Cvenma megobarma daiZina da mis gasaRviZeblad mivdivar~.

ieso mis sikvdilze laparakobda. maSin iesom pirdapir uTxra: lazare

mokvda. – Cven wavideT raTa masTan davixocoT – iudevelebis mrisxanebiT

SeSinebuli Toma iudeaSi sikvdils eloda.

ierusalimTan axlos sofel beTaniaSi cxovrobda lazare, misi debi

mariami da marTa uyvarda iesos. maT tkbil ojaxSi xSirad isvenebda

ierusalimis SfoTiani dReebis Semdeg.

bevri iudeveli movida mariamTan da marTasTan nugeSinissacemad, maTi

Zmis gardacvalebis gamo.

iesos misvlis ambavi rom Seityo, marTa Seegeba mas, mariami ki Sin

ijda. marTam uTxra iesos: ufalo, aq rom yofiliyavi Cemi Zma ar

mokvdeboda. iesom upasuxa – aRdgeba Seni Zma. marTam uTxra: vici rom

aRdgeba aRdgomisas, ukanasknel dRes. iesom ki uTxra: me var aRdgoma da

sicocxle, Cemi morwmune, rom mokvdes kidec, gacocxldeba da yoveli

cocxali da Cemi morwmune ar mokvdeba saukunod. gwams es? – diax, ufalo,

me mwams, rom Sen qriste xar, Ze RmerTisa, romelic qveynierebaze modis –

42

amis Tqmis Semdeg marTa gaemarTa saxlisaken da mouxmo mariams iesosTan

Sesaxvedrad.

mariams Tan uamravi xalxi gahyva, mivida iesosTan, daeca mis fexebTan

da uTxra: ufalo aq rom yofiliyavi Cemi Zma ar mokvdeboda, roca iesom

ixila mtirali mariami da iudevelebi, amoioxra suliT da daRonda ,,da

cremlooda ieso~ – macxovari atirda. maSin iudevelebma Tqves – naxe,

rogor hyvarebia.

ieso kvlav aRelda Sinaganad, mivida samarxTan, romelic

gamoqvabulSi iyo moTavsebuli da zed lodi hqonda miyudebuli.

iesom moiTxova lodis gadagoreba. marTa winaaRmdegi iyo, radganac

micvalebuli, oTxi dRis winaT gardacvlili, gaxrwnis gamo ayrolebuli

iqneboda. iesom qva gadaawevina da Seudga locvas:

- ,,mamao gmadlob Sen rom mismine. me vici, rom yovelTvis mismen. me

mxolod garSemokrebili xalxis gasagonad vTqvi, raTa irwmunon rom Sen

warmomgzavne”.

es rom Tqva, didi xmiT daiZaxa: lazare gamodi gareT.

gamovida micvalebuli. xel-fexi saxvevebiT hqonda Sekruli da saxec

sudariT hqonda Sexveuli, iesom gaaxsnevina saxvevebi, lazarem gaiara. amis

mxilvelma da gamgone mravalma adamianma iwama ieso.

lazares gacocxleba iesom, rogorc TviTon uTxra mociqulebsa da

marTas, ineba RmerTis sadideblad, da amiT aCvena mowafeebs, Tavisi

Zalaufleba sikvdilsa da sicocxleze.

iudevelebi gaocebuli iyvnen iesos saswaulmoqmedebiT.

araCveulebrivma ambavma swrafad CaaRwia ierusalimSi. farisevlebi da

iudeveli samRvdloeba wrmundeboda, rom iesos siyvaruli xalxSi

izrdeboda.

saswrafod moiwvies mRvdelmTavarTa da farisevelTa sinedrioni da

ganixiles iesos sakiTxi da Tqves: ,,ra vqnaT, rameTu es kaci bevr

saswaulebs axdens? Tu mivuSvebT TavisTvis, yvela irwmunebs mas, movlen

romaelebi da daipyroben Cvens adgilsac da ersac~ ( ioane 11:48).

samRvdeloebas eSinoda, rom Tu xalxi ajanydeboda Tavisi erovnuli

saxelmwifoebriobisa da Tavisuflebis aRsadgenad, romis uzarmarzari

imperia uTuod usastikesad CaaxSobda mas, qveyanas ki saerTod mospobda,

eri aRigveboda miwisgan pirisa amitomac Tqva im wlis mRvdelmTavarma

kaiafam cnobili sityva - ,,ver mogvifiqrebia, rom CvenTvis umjobesia

mokvdes erTi adamiani xalxisaTvis, vidre mTeli eri daiRupos~.

ieso xalxisaTvis mokvda ,,da ara marto erisTvis, aramed imisaTvis,

rom RmerTis Svilebi Seekriba erTad’’ (ioane, 11:52).

mRvdelmTavarma iwinaswarmetyvela, sinedrionma daadgina iesos

mokvla, amitomac ieso aRar gadioda xalxSi cxadad, gaecala iqaurobas da

43

udabnos axlos mdebare qalaq efraimSi darCa mowafeebTan, paseqis

dResaswaulamde.

farisevelTa da mRvdelmTavarTa wuxili imisa, rom ieso xalxs

aajanyebda romaelTa winaaRmdeg, sruliad usafuZvlo iyo. maxareblebi

xSirad gadmogvcemen amis damadasturebel cnobebs. rogorc iTqva, es

wuxili gamowveuli iyo imiT, rom xalxs ver warmoedgina mesia, romelic

ar aRudgenda israelis ers samefos. paseqamde ramdenime dRiT adre ieso

dabrunda beTaniaSi, Tavis sayvarel ojaxSi. aq iyvnen misTvis Zvirfasi

adamianebi: lazare, mkvdreTiT aRdgenili, mariami da marTa. marTa, rogorc

yovelTvis axlac mravals zrunavda saTayvanebeli stumris pativsacemad.

erTxel, wina stumrobisas uTxra kidec iesom mofusfuse marTas: ,,marTa,

marTa, bevrs zrunav da SfoTav, magram saWiroa mxolod erTi ram. mariamma

ki ukeTesi wili airCia, romelic ar waerTmeva mas (luka,10:41-2). ukeTesi,

romelic mariamma airCia iyo is, rom usmenda macxovars. axlac ukeTesi

airCia mariamma - vaxSmobis nadimisas aiRo erTi litri sufTa da Zvirfasi

nelsacxebeli, scxo iesos da sakuTariATmiT SeumSrala. saxli nelsa-

cxeblis surnelebiT aivso.

es mouTmeneli gaxda iuda iskariotelisaTvis, romelic qristes

saZmos ,,megvadruce~ anu molare iyo. Tavis ukmayofilebac amas daukavSira

- ,,ratom ar gaiyidos es nelsacxebeli samas dinarad da ar daurigdeba

Raribebs?~ (ioane, 12:5). mariams jer kidev mTlianad ar hqonda daxarjuli

Zvirfasi zeTi da kvlav scxebda iesos. am procesis Sewyveta surda iudas.

,,es RaribebisaTvis zrunvis gamo ki ar Tqva, aramed imitom rom qurdi iyo.

yulaba mas hqonda rasac Caagdebdnen is iRebda~ ambobs ioane RvTis-

metyveli.

iesom uTxra: daanebe Tavi, Cemi damarxvis dRisaTvis gadainaxa igi.

radgan Raribni yovelTvis TqvenTana gyavT me ki ar gyavarT yovelTvis~

(ioane.12:7-8).

am sityvebiT man kidev erTxel miuTiTa Tavis sivkdilis moaxloebis

Sesaxeb.

iesos beTaniaSi yofnis SetyobisTanave uamravma adamianma iwyo dena.

ara marto mis, aramed mkvdreiTiT aRmdgari lazares sanaxavadac, amitom

mRvdelmTavrebma lazares mokvlac gadawyvites. lazares ambavi xalxs

arwmunebda, rom ieso RvTisagan iyo mosuli, swored is iyo, romelsac

eloda iudeveli xalxi.

44

vnebis Svideuli

(bzobis kvira _ 30 wlis 2 aprili)

WeSmariti rwmenis mcvelad RvTis mier gamorCeuli ebraeli xalxi

msxmoiare venaxs Seadara ufalma iesom, romlis nayofis saxilveladac

ineba ierusalimSi Sesvla lazares mkvdreTiT aRdginebis Semdeg. mis

misaRebad xalxis momzadeba anu venaxis patronoba evaleboda eris

meTaurebs _ mRvdelmTavrebs, mwignobrebs, sjulis ganmmarteblebs, magram

maT mxolod TavianT sasargeblod gamoiyenes micemuli Zalaufleba. xalxs

ki Caunerges azri, TiTqosda mesia Tavisi RvTaebrivi ZaliT Seqmnida

msofilio imperias israeli xalxis meTaurobiT. aseTi mcdari

Tvalsazrisis gamo, mosvlis Jams ver icno Tavisi macxovari ierusalimma

da israelma. saSineli iyo is, rom maT ara marto uaryves Tavisi mxsneli,

is qalaqidan gaiyvanes da jvars acves. macxovris misaRebad, swored am

dRisaTvis ki iyo venaxi darguli da gaxarebuli `am Sens dRes mainc rom

Segecno, ra moganiWebs mSvidobas!~ _ eubneba ierusalims macxovari,

romelic atirda qalaqis danaxvisas. Tavisi didebis dRe ver Seicno

aRTqmulma qveyanam, gamorCeulma erma, sjulis kidobnis qalaqma _ ,,magram

amJamad dafarulia es Sens TvalTagan~ Tvalcremliani gahyurebda

ulamazes, keTilad naSen dedaqalaqs ieso. da Sen qalaqo, swored am dRis

Seucnoblobis gamo _ ,,mogivlen dReni, roca mtrebi Txrils

Semogvavleben, Semogertymian da Segaviwroveben yoveli mxridan. miwasTan

gagasworeben da Sens Svilebs musrs gaavleben SenSi da qvas qvazedac

aRar datoveben SenSi, vinaidan ver Seityve Seni moxilvis Jami~ (luka, 19

43-45).

ierusalimis momavliT Sewuxebulma erTma mowafem SeSfoTebiT

uTxra iesos _ ,,Sexede moZRvaro, ranairi qvebia da ranairi Senobebi!”.

ierusalimis taZari msoflioSi umSvenieresi nageboba iyo.

,,miugo iesom: xedav am did Senobebs? qva qvaze ar darCeba aq,

romelic ar gadayiravdeba~ (mark., 13:1-2). sul erTi Taobis manZilze

asrulda iesos winaswarmetyveleba _ ierusalimi daingra, amowyda

iudevelTa Svilebi, romelnic ase ganusjelad gaimetes TavianTma

mSoblebma piletes samsjavros dros, roca iesos sikvdilis iTxovdnen

sityvebiT _ ,,Cvenze da Cvens Svilebze magis sisxli~ (maTe, 27:25). ai, am

dRidan sul 40 welis gasvlis Semdeg axali eris 70 wels, romelebma

daangries ierusalimi. 10 aTasi ajanyebuli tyved Cavarda, 70 aTasi romSi

triumfis dasamSveneblad waiyvanes. romis imperiasTan omSi sul 70 wlis 1

maisidan 20 ivlisamde asiaTasze meti iudeveli daRupula, sul ki omSi

ramdenime wlis manZilze or milionamde kaci daukargavT iudevelebs

45

aqedan 240.000 SimSiliT amomwydar, milion 200 aTasi xmliT mousravT,

ganadgurda iudevelTa saxelmwifo, gaqra ebraeli eris politikuri

damoukidebloba.

moxda is, risic eSinodaT eris meTaurebsa da mRvdelmTavrebs _

romaelTa winaaRmdeg ajanyeba, magram swored maT CaTeses erSi iluziuri

warmodgenebi.

iesos daswames romaelTa winaaRmdeg xalxis ajanyebis mcdeloba,

namdvili mojanyeebis zraxvebi ki aulagmavi darCa. iesos mokvlis Semdeg

romis imperatorma klavidiusma, herode I-is SviliSvili agripa

(aristobulis Ze) iudeis taxtze dasva. mas SeuerTda galilea, peria,

samaria, misi gardacvalebis Semdeg (44 w.) iudeis taxti ar misces mis

Svils. iudea kvlav prokuratorTa xelqveS aRmoCnda. xalxis umravlesoba

miemxro Tavdauzogav zelotebs (damcvelebs) maT undodaT moewyoT

romaelTa winaaRmdeg sayovelTao ajanyeba. arsebobda mSvidobis moyvareTa

partiac, romelic xalxisagan romaelTa damorCilebas moiTxovda da aseve

teroristebis (mokle xanjlianTa) partia, maT naklebi mimdevrebi hyavdaT.

67-70 wlebSi ajanyebulTa winaaRmdeg romis armiebi moqmedebdnen. 70 wlis

gazafxulze titus flaviusis meTaurobiT ierusalimisaken uzarmazari

laSqari daiZra 80 aTasi meomriT. sastiki omebisa da alyis Semdeg mteri

dedaqalaqSi SeiWra, xalxi taZars miawyda. titusi ise moixibla taZris

didebulebiT, rom karibWes modebuli cecxli Caaqrobina. magram

romeliRac legionerma fanjridan muguzali Seagdo. cecxli moedo

svetebs, Tvalis daxamxamebaSi mTel taZars. didebuli taZari,

xuroTmoZRvrebis saocreba, eris dideba, sarwmunoebis centri _ ferflad

iqca. daingra taZari, sasaxle, qalaqi.

swored amitom tiroda ieso 40 wliT adre ierusalimis daqcevas.

ierusalimSi, RvTis venaxSi, misvlis dRes mowafeebma da im xaxlma,

romelmac icno ieso, warmoTqves sadidebeli sityvebi _ `kurTxeulia

meufe, momavali uflis saxeliT, mSvidoba zecas da dideba maRalTa Sina~

kurTxeul ars momavali saxeliTa uflisaTa. tradiciuli wesiT mefe

uxednel virze Semjdari Sedioda qalaqSi da nawinaswarmetyvelebic iyo,

mesiis Sesaxeb _ `uTxariT sionis asuls: `aha, giaxlovdeba Sen mSvidi

meufe, virsa da CoCorze, saxedris naSobze mjdari~ (maTe, 21:5).

iesom ineba ierusalimSi Sesvla, viTarca mesias ekadreboda. xalxic

pativiscemiT Sexvda, rogorc triumfator mefeTa daxvedrisas, xelSi

rtoebiT _ `umravlesi igi eri daufenda samoselisa maTsa gzasa zeda, da

sxvani mohkafdes rtoebsa xeTagan da daufendes gzasa zeda. da eri igi,

romeli winaAuvidoda da romeli ukana Seudga, RaRadebdes da ityodes

osana Zesa daviTissa, kurTxeul ars momavali saxeliTa uflisaTa, osana,

romeli xar maRalTa Sina~ (maTe, 21:8-9).

46

SeiZra qalaqi, yvela kiTxulobda iesos Sesaxeb, magram xalxis

aRtaceba male daacxres farisevlebma. maT pirdapir mouwodes iesos, rom

aekZala mis mesiad gamocxadeba, - `moZRvaro Serisxe Seni mowafeebi. xolo

iesom miugo: geubnebiT eseni rom dadumdnen, qvebi daiwyeben RaRads~ (maTe,

19:40). Sevida ieso ierusalimSi da taZarSi, da daaTvaliera yovelive. ukve

gviani iyo da im TormetTan erTad gaemarTa beTaniisaken (mark. 11:11)

didi orSabaTi. 30 wlis 3 aprili

meore dReso; wers markoz maxarebeli, beTaniidan rom gamovidnen

ierusalimis gzaze, iesos moSivda, Soridan dainaxa foTlebiT dafaruli

leRvis xe. wavida, iqneb zed rame epova. rom mivida veraferi naxa garda

foTlebisa, vinaidan ar iyo leRvobis dro. da uTxra mas: nuRaravin Wamos

ukunisamde nayofi Seni. da esmodaT es mis mowafeebs(mark.11:14).

qalaqSi SesvlisTanave ieso taZrisaken gaemarTa. iq, rogorc ori

wlis win, gamalebuli yidva-gayidva iyo gaCaRebuli. amitomac iesom

taZridan gamoyara yvela myidveli da gamyidveli, aayirava fulis

gadamcvlelTa magidebi da mtredebiT movaWreTa merxebi. gaocebul xalxs

iesom uTxra: - Cemi saxli salocav saxlad iwodeba. Tqven ki yaCaRTa

bunagad giqceviaT igi. mTeli xalxi monusxuliviT usmenda mas, taZarSive

gankurna koWlebi da brmebi, yvela gaxarebuli iyo, amitomac verafers

uxerxebdnen mRvdelmTavrebi, mwignobrebi da erismTavrebi, romelTac misi

daRupva surdaT. ver bedavdnen iesos sawinaaRmdego aSkara qmedebas,

radganac eSinodaT imis gamo, rom mTeli xalxi gaocebuli iyo misi

moZRvrebiT (maTe, 21:12-13), (mark. 11:15-19: luka, 19:45-48). da mouSoreblad

usmenda mas.

mainc ver moiTmines mRvdelmTavrebma da mwignobrebma, rodesac

ixiles mis mier qmnili saswaulebi da taZarSi moyiJine balRebi, romlebic

ambobdnen: osana Zesa daviTisasa - ganrisxdnen da uTxres iesos. gesmis, ras

amboben isini? xolo iesom miugo maT: diax! arasodes wagikiTxavT: CvilTa

da meZuZurTa piriT daimkvidre dideba, (maTe, 21:14-17).

ieso kvlav beTaniaSi gaemarTa Ramis gasaTevad.

didi samSabaTi. 30 wlis 4 aprili

diliT ierusalimisaken mimaval gzaze iesom da mociqulebma dainaxes

winadRiT foTlebiT savse leRvis xe, romelic fesvebamde Ggamxmariyo. es

rom ixiles, gaukvirdaT mowafeebs. petrem uTxra iesos: rabi, ai is leRvi

Sen rom dawyevle, gamxmara. pasuxad uTxra maT iesom: `WeSmaritad

geubnebiT Tqven: Tu geqnebaT rwmena da ar SeeWvdebiT, ara marto imis

47

qmnas SesZlebT, rac daemarTa leRvis xes, aramed am mTas ubrZanoT aiwie

da zRvaSi Cavardio – moxdeba egre, Tqveni sityvisamebr. da yvelaferi,

rasac locvaSi iTxovT rwmeniT, mogecemaT. roca dgaxarT da loculobT,

miuteveT, Tu raime gaqvT vinmes winaaRmdeg, raTa Tqvenma mamamac mogitevoT

Tqveni Secodebani. xolo Tu Tqven ar miutevebT, arc Tqveni mama zecaSi

mogitevebT Tqvens Secodebebs (mark. 11:20-26. maTe., 21:20-22).

ieso Sevida taZarSi saqadageblad, aswavlida gars Semoxveul

adamianebs, axarebda maT sasufevlis Sesaxeb, miadgnen SeSfoTebuli

mRvdelmTavrebi, mwignobrebi da uxucesebi. Dda uTxres mas - `romeli

ZalauflebiT akeTeb amas an vin mogca Sen es Zalaufleba?~

xolo iesom miugo maT pasuxad: mec gkiTxavT erT sityvas, mec

mipasuxeT da getyviT romeli ZalauflebiT vakeTeb amas – ioanes naTloba

saidan iyo: zecidan Tu kacTagan? Aaba mipasuxeT.

isini erTmaneTSi msjelobdnen: Tu vityviT rom zecidano, is gvetyvis:

- maSin ratom ar erwmunebiT mas? xolo Tu vityviT kacTagano – xalxisa

gveSinia, vinaidan yvela winaswarmetyvelad Tvlis ioanes, da pasuxad

uTxres iesos: ar viciT. iesomac uTxra maT: maSin arc me getyviT romeli

ZalauflebiT vakeTeb amas (mark.11:27-32, maTe., 21:23-27, luka., 20:1-8).

swored ioane naTlismcemels hqonda gacemuli pasuxi kiTxvaze iesos

Zalauflebis Sesaxeb. rom is iyo mamis sayvareli Ze, romelSic gacxadda

misi saTnoeba. iesomac uTxra farisevlebs kacis ori Zis Sesaxeb,

romelTaganac erTs daavala wasuliyo mis venaxSi samuSaod, xolo Svilma

miugo ar minda (bolos ki inana da wavida). maSin mivida meoresTan da igive

uTxra, xolo man miugo: waval batono da ar wavida. Aam orTagan romelma

Seasrula mamis neba? raRas ityviT amaze? – SeeekiTxa ieso maT, miuges:

pirvelma.

uTxra maT iesom – QWeSmaritad geubnebiT Tqven, mebaJeni da meZavni

Tqvenze win Sevlen RmerTis sasufevelSi. vinaidan movida ioane TqvenTan

simarTlis gziT da ar irwmuneT misi, xolo mebaJeni da meZavni erwmunen

mas. Tqven ki ixileT, da mainc ar moinanieT rom gerwmunaT misi (maTe,

21:28.32).

monanie codvilebi, romlebmac gvian, magram mainc aRasrules mamis

neba, farisevlebze win daayena iesom. farisevelni sityviT Tanaxmani iyvnen,

saqmes ki ar asrulebdnen. sxva igavic uTxra iesom mamis venaxze.

`iyo erTi saxlis patroni, romelmac Cayara vazi, Robe Semoavlo Sig

sawnaxeli amokveTa, aago koSki da ijariT misca mevenaxeebs. TviTon ki

gaemgzavra.

da roca rTvelma moawia, gagzavna Tavisi monebi mevenaxeebTan, raTa

mosavali CaebarebinaT maTgan. xolo mevenaxeebma daiWires misi monebi,zogi

48

scemes, zogi daxoces, zogic kidev qvebiT Caqoles axla sxva monebi

gagzavna, uwindelze metni, maTac igive damarTes.

bolos Tavisi Ze gagzavna da Tqva: Cemi Zis mainc moeridebaTo. magram

mevenaxeebma misi Ze rom dainaxes, erTmaneTs uTxres: ager igi, venaxidan

gaiyvanes da mokles.

mereda, roca mova venaxis patroni, ras uzams am mevenaxeebs? mova da

daxocavs am mevenaxeebs, xolo venaxs sxvebs miscems?

da amis msmenelebma Tqves: RmerTma nu qnas! iesom ki Sexeda maT da

Tqva: nuTu arasodes amogikiTxavT werilSi: qva, romelic daiwunes

mSeneblebma, kuTxis Tavad daidva? uflis mier iqna es, da es saocrebad

uCans Cvens Tvals.

amitomac geubnebiT Tqven: wagerTmevaT RmerTis sasufeveli da

miecema sxva xalxs, romelic gamoiRebs mis nayofs. vinc am qvaze daecema

daimtvreva, xolo visac is daecema – gasress.

da roca mRvdelmTavarma da farisevlebma moismines misi igavni,

mixvdnen rom maTze ambobda amas.

da undodaT misi Sepyroba, magram xalxis SeeSindaT, vinaidan,

winaswarmetyvelad miaCndaT igi~ (maTe., 21:33-46, luka., 20:9-19).

ufalma ieso qristem gaagrZela taZarSi swavleba, xolo iudevelTa

uxucesebi am dros erTmaneTSi TaTbirobdnen, rogor daeWiraT sityvaze,

rom SesaZlebeli yofiliyo misi dadanaSauleba an xalxis win, anda

romael xelisufalTa winaSe.

da ai, moifiqres mzakvruli kiTxva da macxovarTan gagzavnes

farisevlebi da herodianebi (e.i. romelnic romaelTa xelisuflebis

kanonierebas aRiarebdnen). maT miiRes keTilmorwmunis saxe da SeekiTxnen:

,,moZRvaro, viciT rom marTali xar, da simarTliT gvaswavli RmerTis

gzasac, da arc aravis arCev, vinaidan ar uyureb saxes kacisas. maS,

gviTxari: rogor ggonia, gvmarTebs Tu ara xarki vaZlioT keisars?~

qristes mtrebi, momfiqreblebi am boroti kiTxvisa, ase sazRvravdnen:

Tu ieso qriste upasuxebs, rom xarkis gadaxda saWiroa, amiT Tavis

winaaRmdeg aimxedrebs xalxs (radganac ebraelebi TavianT mefed mxolod

RmerTs aRiarebdnen, xolo TavianTi Tavis CaTvla ucxo, Tanac warmarTi

mefis moxarkeebad miaCndaT ukanono, RvTis sagmob saqmed da mxolod

iZulebiT aZlevdnen xarks keisars).

xolo Tu ieso qriste upasuxebs, rom keisrisaTvis xarkis gadaxda

araa saWiroo, am SemTxvevaSi romael xelisuflebTan davadanaSaulebT,

rogorc keisris mowinaaRmdegeso – fiqrobdnen isini.

iesom Seicno misi mzakvroba da uTxra: ratom macdunebT?

maCveneT dinari: visi xatia zed da visi warwera? miuges keisrisa.

da uTxra maT: mieciT keisrisa keisars da RmerTisa – RmerTs.

49

rac niSnavs, mieciT keisars is, rac miiReT misgan. kanonieri movaleoba da

aucilebloba unda Sesruldes morCilebiT, amave dros, uTuod Sesruldes

yvelaferi, rasac iTxovs RmerTi Tqvengan Tavis aRTqmebSi. siyvaruliT

emsaxureT mas, TqvenTvis sicocxlis momniWebels.

macxovris pasuxis sibrZnem da ubralobam yvela gaaoca ise, rom

gaCumdnen da Sercxvenilebi gaSordnen mas.

farisevelTa Semdeg winaswarSemuSavebuli mzakvruli gegmis

Sesabamisad, iesosTan sadukevelebi mividnen, romlebsac ar swamdaT

mkvdreTiT aRdgoma. MmaT undodaT daebniaT ieso TavianTi kiTxviT,

romelic imave dros dacinvas warmoadgenda im qveyniuri cxovrebis

rwmenisa, da uTxres: ,,moZRvaro mosem Tqva: ,,Tu kaci uSvilod gadaegeba

(mokvdeba), dae, misma Zmam moiyvanos misi coli, raTa Tesli (ojaxi)

aRudginos Tavis Zmas.~ iyo Cvens Soris Svidi Zma: pirvelma coli SeirTo

da uSvilod mokvda, xolo coli Tavis Zmas dautova. aseve meoremac da

mesamemac, TviT meSvidemde. Yyvelaze bolos ki qalic mokvda. mereda

aRdgomisas, am Svididan visi coli iqneba igi? vinaidan Svidives colad

esva.

iesom pasuxad miugo maT: scdebiT, radgan arc werils icnobT da

arc RmerTis Zalas. vinaidan aRdgomisas arc cols irTaven da arc

Txovdebian, aramed arian rogorc RvTis angelozebi caSi, xolo mkvdarTa

aRdgomisaTvis ar wagikiTxavT, ra giTxraT RmerTma, romelic ambobs:

,,me var RmerTi abraamisa da RmerTi isaakisa da RmerTi iakobisa.

RmerTi mkvdrebisa ki ar aris, aramed cocxlebisa.~

(abraami, isaaki da iakobi didi xnis gardacvlilebi iyvnen,

Sesabamisad Tu RmerTi amis miuxedavad Tavis Tavs RmerTs uwodebs, es

niSnavs, rom misTvis isini cocxlebi arian, radganac mas ar SeuZlia

Tavis Tavs ararsebulis RmerTi uwodos).

abraamis wiaRs, imqveyniur sicocxles, Seexeba erTi igavi, romelic

iesom adre Tqva: iyo erTi mdidari kaci, yoveldRe Slida brwyinvale

sufras. iyo erTi glaxakic, saxelad lazare, romelic mis WiSkarTan egdo,

mTlad dawylulebuli.Dda surda mdidris nasufraliT moekla SimSili,

ZaRlebi modiodnen da lokavdnen mis wylulebs.

mokvda glaxaki da abraamis wiaRSi aitaces angelozebma. Mmokvda

mdidari da damarxes.

da jojoxeTSi, wamebulma, aRapyro Tvalni, da ixila Sors abraami

da lazare mis wiaRSi.

da SesZaxa da Tqva: mamao abraam! Mmowyaleba moiReé da momivline

lazare, raTa TiTis wveri Caawos wyalSi da ena gamigrilos, radgan

vidagebi am cecxlis alSi. Mmagram abramma uTxra mas: Svilo, gaixsene rom

Sensave sicocxleSi miiRe Seni sikeTe, lazares ki – mxolod boroti.

50

amitom axla is inugeSeba, Sen ki itanjebi. Eegec ar iyos, Cvensa da Tqvens

Soris ganmtkicebulia didi ufskruli, ase rom, gadmosvlis msurveli

verc Cvengan Tqvensken gadmova da verc Tqvengan Cvensken.

xolo man Tqva: gevedrebi, mamao, mamaCemis saxlSi mainc gagzavne eg.

vinaidan xuTi Zma myavs, mivides da auwyos maT, raTa isinic ar Cacvivdnen

satajvelSi. uTxra mas abraamma: mose da winaswarmetyvelni hyavT, maT

usminon.

xolo man Tqva: ara, mamao abraam, magram Tu mkvdarTagan miva maTTan

vinme, Seinaneben. Dda uTxra mas abramma: Tu ki moses da winaswarmetyvelT ar

usmines, mkvdreTiTac rom aRdges vinme, arc mas erwmunebian (luka., 16:20-31)

imqveyniur cxovrebas da mkvdreTiT aRdgomis Semdgom saukuno

sicocxles ieso Semdgomac Seexo, roca Ze kacisas didebiT mosvlis

Sesaxeb saubrobda (ix. maTe., 25:31-46).

sadukevelebi, romlebic TavianTi SekiTxvebiT dascinodnen

micvalebulTa mkvdriT aRdgomis SesaZleblobas rwmenas, iesos pasuxma

romelic warmoTqva Svidi Zmis erTi colis Sesaxeb - Searcxvina isini,

xolo xalxi gaaoca iesos sibrZnem, mwignobrebic gaaxara maTi mtrebis –

sadukevelebis marcxma da mowonebis sityvac ki gaimetes iesosaTvis

- ,,moZRvaro Sen kargad Tqvi,~ magram imavdroulad kidev ufro SeSindnen

xalxze iesos gavlenis zrdiT. rodesac farisevlebma gaiges, sadukevelebs

xma Caakmedinao, erTad Seikribnen. Dda erTma maTganma, sjulis mcodnem

sacduneblad hkiTxa mas: moZRvaro romelia sjulis mTavari mcneba? xolo

iesom miugo mas: giyvardes ufali RmerTi Seni mTeli Seni suliT da

mTeli Seni guliT da mTeli Seni gonebiT.

es aris pirveli da mTavari mcneba.

da meore amisi msgavsi: giyvardes moyvasi Seni, viTarca Tavi Seni.

am or mcnebazea damokidebuli mTeli rjuli da winaswarmetyvele-

bani (maTe., 22:36-40).

farisevlebi, romelnic aqamde moSorebiT idgnen iesosagan, mowafeTa

darad erTad Segrovilni miuaxlovdnen iesos, magram veRar gaubedes

raimes SekiTxva. TviT iesom misca maT kiTxva: ,,ras ityviT qristes Sesaxeb,

visi Ze aris igi?“, farisevlebma myisve miuges _ ,,daviTisa~.

sityva ,,Ze~ ebraelebisaTvis niSnavda ara marto Svils, Zes pirdapiri

gagebiT, aramed STamomavalsac amitom gamoTqma ,,Ze daviTisa~ niSnavda –

mefesa da winaswarmetyvelis daviTis STamomavals.

maSin ieso kvlav SeekiTxa: ,,maS, suliT STagonebuli daviTi rogorRa

uwodebs ,,ufals~, rodesac ambobs - ,,uTxra ufalma Cems ufals, dajeqi

Cems marjvniv, vidre ferxTiT dagimxob Sems mtrebs.~ Aamrigad, Tu daviTi

ufals uwodebs mas, rogorRa ekuTvnis Zed?~

51

nacvlad imisa, rom sjulis maswavleblebsa da sarwmunoebrivi

valdebulebebis Tavdauzogav aRmsruleblebs, romlebic, farisevelTa da

mwignobarTa saxeliT iyvnen cnobilni, ecnoT da mieRoT maT win, taZarSi

mdgari mesia, Ze RvTisa, gamocda mouwyes mas da TavianT damarcxebis

Semdgom dadumdnen. TavianTi dumiliT xalxs, romelic TiTqmis mzad iyo

ecno ieso rogorc qriste, Tav-gza daubnies.

mamisgan danergil, gaxarebul venaxSi movida Ze mamis mier

gagzavnili, mevenaxeebma ki is ar miiRes, rogorc aRiniSna.

,,maSin iesom mimarTa xalxs da Tavis mowafebs: moses savarZelze

mwignobarni da farisevelni sxedan. maS, yvelaferi, ris dacvasac girCeven

daicaviT da aRasruleT, magram maT saqmes nu mibaZavT vinaidan amboben da

ar asruleben. radgan, mZime tvirTs hkraven da Znelad satvirTvels, da

xalxs mxrebze adeben, TviTon ki TiTis ganZrevac ar surT mis dasaZravad.

Dda yvela TavianT saqmes akeTeben kacTa dasanaxavad. Aaganiereben TavianT

salocav Tasmebs da agrZeleben TavianTi samosis kalTebs (kabebze wminda

foCebis (filaqteriebis) ricxvis gadidebiT farisevlebi sxvaTa

yuradRebis mipyrobas cdilobdnen). uyvarT, agreTve, wveulebebze sufris

TavSi jdoma da wina rigebi sinagogaSi. Dda misalmeba moednebze, raTa

xalxi mimarTavdes maT: rabi! rabi!~ Semdeg moswavleebs uTxra, Tqven ki nu

iwodebiT ase! vinaidan erTia moZRvari - qriste, xolo Tqven yvelani Zmebi

xarT. Nnurc mamas Tqvensas uwodebT vinmes am qveynad, vinaidan erTia mama

Tqveni zecieri. Dda nurc winamZRvrebad iwodebiT, vinaidan erTia Tqveni

winamZRvari – qriste, xolo Tqvens Soris udidesi msaxuri iyos. radgan

vinc aimaRlebs Tavis Tavs, damdabldeba. Dda vinc daimdablebs Tavis Tavs

- amaRldeba~. – Semdeg kvlav mimarTa farisevlebs - ,,vai Tqvenda,

mwignobarno da farisevelno, TvalTmaqcno, caTa sasufevels rom uxSobT

xalxs, vinaidan arc Tqven SedixarT da arc SemsvlelT anebebT Sesvlas.

vai, Tqvenda mwignobarno da farisevelno, TvalTmaqcno, vinaidan nTqavT

qvrivTa saxlebs da Tanac pirmoTned loculobT didxans, miT ufro mZime

iqneba Tqveni sasjeli.

vai Tqvenda, mwignobarno da farisevelno, TvalTmaqcno, viaidan

daZrwixarT zRvasa da xmelze, raTa moaqcioT Tundac erTi kaci, da roca

moaqcevT, geeniis kerZaT aqcevT mas, TviT Tqvenze orjer metad.

vai Tqvenda mwignobarno da farisevelno, TvalTmaqcno, romlebic

ixdiT meaTeds pitnisas, kamisas da kvliavisas, da dagitevebiaT is, rac

umTavresia rjulSi: samarTali, wyaloba da rwmena. es unda geqnaT da ar

migetovebinaT (yoveli morwmune ebraeli valdebuli iyo Semosavlis

meaTedi gaeRo taZris sasargeblod saRvTo gadasaxadis saxiT. am wess

farisevelni imdenad bejiTad icavdnen rom TavianTi mamulSi moweuli

kamis Tu raime mwvanileulis meaTedsac ki ixdidnen, xolo rjulis

52

umTavresi saqme – samarTali, wyaloba da sarwmunoeba gamotovebuli

hqondaT).

brma winamZRvarno, romelnic swuravT qinqls da aqlems ki STanTqavT

(mcire araumTavres sarwmunoebriv moTxovnas – pedanturad asrulebdnen

(,,koRos wuravdnen~) magram umTavress ki ar asrulebdnen (STanTqavdnen

aqlems~).

vai, Tqvenda mwignobarno da farisevelno, TvalTmaqcno romelnic

garedan wmendT sasmissa Tu jams, SigniT ki savseni arian naZarcviTa da

naoxrebiT. Tvaldavsilno farisevelno, jer Signidan gawmindeT sasmisi

Tu jami, raTa wminda iyos garedanac~.

garegnulad marTalni hgonixarT xalxs, Signidan ki savseni xarT

TvalTmaqcobiTa da urjuloebiT, iqednes naSobno, rogor gaeqeciT geeniis

sasjels?

,,amitom, aha, gigzavniT winsarmetyvelT, brZenTa da mwignobarT, zogs

mohklavT da jvars acvamT, zogs maTraxiT scemT sinagogebSi da zogsac

qalaqidan qalaqad dauwyebT devnas. raTa moiwios Tqvenze amqveynad

daTxeuli yoveli marTali sisxli, abel marTlis sisxlidan vidre

sisxlamde baraqias Zisa, zaqariasi, romelic mohkaliT taZarsa da

sakurTxevels Soris.

WeSmaritad geubnebiT Tqven, rom yovelive es moiweva am modgmaze~.

iesos piridan amosuli simarTlis sityvebis mosmeniT

Tavzardacemuli farisevlebi xmas ver iRebdnen. winaswar icoda

macxovarma, rom ierusalimi mas ar miiRebda da kidev erTxel sinanuliT

Tqva: ,,ierusalim, ierusalim, winaswarmetyvelTa mkvlelo da Sendami

movlinebulTa qvebiT Camqolvelo! ramdenjer vcade Semekriba Seni

Svilebi, rogorc frinvelebi krebs bartyebs Tavis frTebqveS da ar isurve

da aha, grCebaT Tqveni saxli oxrad, radgan geubnebiT Tqven: veRar

mixilavT, amieridan, sanam ar metyviT kurTxeulia momavali uflis

saxeliT~ (maTe, 23).

farisevlebze ara nakleb iyvnen Tavzardacemulni iesos mowafeebi.

TiTqmis ori wlis manZilze elodnen isini am dRes, roca ieso viTarc

mesia Sevidoda taZarSi, sazeimo didebulebiTa da sayviris xmebiT

gamoacxadebdnen mis mosvlas, Sesaxvedrad gamovidnen ilia

winaswarmetyveli da pirvelmRvdelmTavari da wminda mirons daasxamdnen

Tavze. qveynad damyardeboda RvTis samefo anu caTa sasufeveli. qriste,

viTarca Ze RvTisa dajdeboda samefo taxtze da mas daemorCileboda

msoflios yvela xalxi. nacvlad amisa ki ieso, maT TvalSi gawbilebuli

tovebs taZars, ras niSnavs es, man gadado Tavis gamocxadeba qristed? maS

RvTis samefo rodisRa damyardeba qveyanad?

53

iesom ki miatova taZari da zeTisxilis mTisken gaemarTa. ukan

gayolilma SeSfoTebulma mowafeebma cades kidev erTxel miexedebinaT

taZrisaken, iesom ki RvTis saxls, sadac Ze RvTisa ar miiRes dangreva

uwinaswarmetyvela, ,,qva qvaze ar darCeba aq, aramed yvelaferi daingreva,

eleonis anu zeTisxilis mTaze ieso didxans ijda dafiqrebuli mwuxare

ganmartoebiT. bolos miuaxlovdnen mowafeebi. maT taZarSi moismines qristes

saboloo naTqvami ,,veRar mixilavT amieridan, sanam ar ityviT kurTxeulia

momavali uflis saxeliT~. maSasadame ieso kvlav mova qveynad, oRond ukve

Tavisi didebiT, amitomac xalxi Sexvdeba mas viTarca uflis saxeliT mosuls

da kurTxeuls. am dros qveyana da taZari daingreva, rogorc man Tqva,

,,gviTxari rodis moxdeba es? an ra iqneba niSani Seni mosvlisa da saukunis

dasasrulisa?~ (maTe., 23:3 bolo).

- SeekiTxnen mowafeebi iesos.

sapasuxod iesom daadastura, rom meored mosvla moxdeba qveynis ngreviT,

manamde ki ,,fxizlad iyaviT, raTa aravin gacdunoT ,,vinaidan mravalni movlen

Cemi saxeliT da ityvian: me var qriste, da mravals acduneben~ (maTe, 24:4-5)

iesom mianiSna im devnaze, romelic qristianebs unda ganecadaT. magram es

ar iqneba dasasruli. dedamiwaze kacobriobis istoria dasruldeba qristes

mosvliT. es iqneba saSineli dro. msoflio katastrofa. msoflio omebiT,

xalxebisa da samefoebis erTmaneTTan brZolebiT. cruswavlebis gavrcelebiT.

cruwinaswarmetyvelni acduneben mravalT. daecema zneoba. urjuloebis

momravlebis gamo mravalSi ganeldeba siyvaruli. xolo vinc SesZlebs

bolomde moTmenas, igi cxondeba. sabolood yvela xalxSi iqadageba

sasufevlis saxareba, mTels qveyanaze. da swrafad, am dReTa Wiris Semdeg

dabneldeba mze, da mTvare aRar gamoscems naTels, da varskvlavebi

Camocvivdebian cidan, da SeiZrebian ciuri Zalebi.

,,da maSin gamoCndeba kacis Zis niSani caze da maSin moTqmas mohyveba

dedamiwis yoveli tomi, da ixilaven Zes kacisas momavals zecis Rrubelze

ZaliTa da didebiT mravliT. da moavlinebs Tavis angelozebs mgrgvinavi

sayviriT da Sekreben mis rCeulT oTxTave qarTagan zecaTa kididan maT

kidemde~ (maTe, 24:30-32).

rodis, romel wels, romel saukuneSi moxdeba es?

,,is dRe da is saaTi aravin icis, arc ciurma angelozebma, aramed mxolod

mamam~ (maTe, 24-36). amitom Tqven mzad iyaviT, vinaidan roca ar eliT, swored im

saaTs mova Ze kacisa. meored mosvlis Jams yvela adamiani cocxali Tu

gardacvlili, valdebuli iqneba pasuxi agos qristes winaSe. Ze kacisa

moulodneli mosvlisas Tavs waadgeba adamianebs TavianTi saqmeebis keTebis

Jams. amitomac yvelani unda iyon mzad da xelSi eWiroT TavianTi lampari.

gonierebi mudam mzad arian amisaTvis, rogorc windaxeduli qalwulebi,

romlebmac winaswar moimarages zeTi TavianTi lamprebisa - Tavis siZis

54

misaRebad. ugunurebma ki, romlebmac zeTi ar moimzades, Sua Ramisas, siZis

moulodneli mosvlis Jams, zeTi iTxoves, magram ver miiRes da gareT,

sibneleSi aRmoCndnen saxlis daketili karis win, romelSic siZesTan

mzadmyofi qalwulebi zeimobdnen. ugunurebs kari ar gauRo ufalma, da uTxra:

,,WeSmaritad geubnebiT ar gicnobT Tqven - maS, ifxizleT, vinaidan arc dRe

iciT da arc saaTi, rodis mova Ze kacisa~.

meored mosvlis Jams qriste mkacrad ganikiTxavs da dasjis im adamianebs,

romelTac RmerTma uboZa niWi da unari, maT ki nacvlad imisa, rom

gaemravlebinaT es Zvirfasi niWi RvTis sadideblad, uqmad, gamouyeneblad da

usargeblod gafantes. Tanaxmad igavisa mindobil talantTa Sesaxeb Tqmulze:

erTma mepatronem, saxlidan gamgzavrebis win TavianT msaxurebs Caabara

garkveuli raodenobis Tanxa (talantebi). orma, batonis aryofnisas, gaamravla

isini, erTma ki miwaSi Cafla. mosvlis Jams batonma Sesabamisad daafasa oris

Sroma, xolo mesame dasaja.

,,da rodesac mova Ze kacisa Tavisi didebiT da yvela wmida angelozi

masTan erTad, maSin dajdeba igi Tavisi didebis taxtze. da Seiyreba mis winaSe

yvela xalxi, da gaarCevs maT erTmaneTisagan, rogorc mwyemsi gamoarCevs

cxvrebs Txebisagan da daayenebs cxvrebs Tavis marjvniv, xolo Txebs -

marcxniv. maSin etyvis meufe mis marjvniv mdgomT: modiT, kurTxeulno mamis

Cemis mier, da daimkvidreT sasufeveli, TqvenTvis gamzadebuli qveynis

dasabamidan.

radgan mSioda da momeciT saWmeli, mwyuroda da masviT, ucxo viyavi da

SemiwynareT.

SiSveli viyavi da SemmoseT, sneuli viyavi da momxedeT, sapyrobileSi

viyavi da minaxuleT.

maSin marTalni pasuxad etyvian mas: ufalo, rodis gixileT Sen mSieri da

dagapureT? anda mwyurvali da gasviT Sen? rodis gixileT Sen ucxod da

SegiwynareT? anda SiSveli da SegmoseT Sen? rodis gixileT Sen sneuli, anda

sapyrobileSi, da ginaxuleT?

da miugebs meufe da etyvis maT: WeSmaritad geubnebiT Tqven: riTac

SeewieT erTs am Cems mcire ZmaTagans, imiT me SemewieT.

maSin etyvis marcxniv mdgomTac: wadiT Cemgan wyeulno, saukuno cecxlSi,

romelic eSmakisa da misi angelozebisaTvisaa gamzadebuli. radgan mSioda da

ar momeciT saWmeli, mwyuroda da ar masviT, ucxo viyavi da ar SemiwynareT,

SiSveli viyavi da ar SemmoseT, sneuli viyavi da sapyrobileSi da ar

minaxuleT...…riTac ar SeewieT erTs am Cems mcire ZmaTagans, imiT arc me

SemewieT. da wavlen eseni saukuno satanjvelSi, xolo marTalni - saukuno

sicocxleSi~.

55

mociqulebTan erTad iesom Rame gaaTia eleonis (zeTisxilis) mTaze,

sadac saerTod, iseve rogorc beTaniaSi, Rames aTevda taZarSi qadagebaTa

Semdgom (ix. luka, 2:37-38).

didi oTxSabaTi. 30 wlis 5 aprili

zeTisxilis mTaze, wina dRis qadagebis Semdgom, romelic Cans gvian

RamiT anda gamTeniisas dasrulda, iesom uTxra Tavis mowafeebs - ,,Tqven

iciT _ rom erTi dRis Semdeg iqneba paseqi, Ze kacisa miecema jvarze

sacmelad~ (maTe 26:1-2)

rogorc Cans mociqulebma es sityvebi ver aRiqves pirdapiri

mniSvnelobiT, maT bolomde ar sjerodaT qristes dasja, da uWirdaT amis

gageba, xolo erTi mociquli daeWvda kidec, es iyo iuda. siyrmidanve

ebraelebi iRebdnen swavlas qristes didebiT mosvlis, mefed dajdomis da

ara misi jvarcmis Sesaxeb (jvarze xom avazakebs akraven, im droindeli

Cveulebis mixedviT). aseve, siyrmidanve maT esmodaT TviTmarqviaTa ambebi,

romlebic qristes saxels irqmevdnen, xalxs acdendnen da ajanyebdnen. vin

aris ieso, Tu qristea, sadaa misi dideba, ratom ar zis mefis taxtze,

marTalia ierusalimSi didebiT Sevida, xalxi xelSi rtoebiT Seegeba,

rogorc mefesa da uflis saxeliT kurTxeul mesias Seefereboda

(winaswarmetyvelebaTa Tanaxmad) uxednel virze ijda, magram taZarSi

misvlisas ar gaisma angelozTa sayviris mgrgvinavi xma, ar gamoCnda ilia,

pirvelmRvdelmTavarma mironi ar scxo Tavze! axla ieso qristes meore

didebiT mosvlis Sesaxeb laparakobs, magram jer xom pirvelad mosvlis

dideba unda gancxadebuliyo! ratom ar dadga qveynad caTa sasufeveli, ar

damyarda RmerTis samefo, rogorc mesiis mosvlis Semdgom unda yofiliyo

Tanaxmad winaswarmetyvelebaTa?! yvela am kiTxvas, imas Tu ratom ineba Ze

RmerTma gankaceba, upasuxa iesom meore dRes Tavis saboloo sityviT (ix.

ioane Tavi 14,15,16). magram iuda iskariotelisaTvis ukve gvian iyo. man amave

dRes gasca ieso.

an iqneb ase ar fiqrobda da Tavidanve iyo, `Ze warwymedilis~,

rogorc misi saqmidan gamoCnda: wavida mRvdelmTavrebTan da uTxra maT:

ris mocemas inebebT CemTvis, Tuki mas mogcemT? xolo maT miuwones

ocdaaTi vercxli~ (maTe, 26:14).

mRvdelmTavrebma uzomod gaixares iudas misvliT. swored mis

misvlamde TaTbirobdnen rogor SeepyroT ieso mzakvrobiT da moeklaT.

undodaT am borotebis gakeTeba paseqis dResaswaulamde, sanam ierusalimSi

erTad Seikribeboda mlocvelTa uzomo ricxvi msoflios sxvadasxva

kuTxidan da mTeli palestinidan da eSinodaT xalxi ar ajanyebuliyo

iesos dasjis gamo (ix. maTe, 26:4-5).

mRvdelmTavrebs iuda Sehpirda, rogorc ki xelsayrel dros

moZebnida, iesos maT gadascemda (maTe, 26:16), xalxis dauswreblad (luka,

56

22:6). marTalia bevrma gamoCenilma da mTavarma adamianma irwmuna ieso,

magram ver aRiarebdnen farisevelTa gamo, raTa krebulidan (salocavidan)

ar moekveTaT. ,,radgan adamianTa dideba ufro uyvardaT, vidre RmerTis

dideba~ (ioane, 12:43). xalxSic uamravi saswauli moaxdina da mainc ar

iwames igi. raTa asrulebuliyo esaia winaswarmetyvelis sityva: romelmac

Tqva TvalTa dabrmavebisa da gulTa gaqvavebis Sesaxeb, Tumca ki mklavi

uflisa gamoecxadaT. amis miuxedavad iesom Tqva: ,,Tu vinme moismens Cems

sityvas da ar daicavs, me ar vasamarTleb mas, radgan me qveynis

gasasamarTleblad ki ara qveynierebis gadasarCenad movedi. mas vinc me

uarmyofs da ar miiRebs Cems sityvebs, hyavs mosamarTle. sityva, romelic

warmovTqvi is gaasamarTlebs mas ukanasknel dRes. radgan me CemiT ki ar

vilaparake, aramed mamam, romelmac warmomgzavna, momca mcneba ra unda

vTqva da ra vilaparako. me vici, rom misi mcneba saukuno sicocxlea,

amitom rasac vlaparakob, rogorc mamam miTxra, ise vlaparakob~ (ioane,

12:37-50).

didi xuTSabaTi, 30 wlis 6 aprili

axlovdeboda ebraelTa udidesi dResaswauli _ paseqi

(ZvelqarTulad zatiki). es dRe egviptelTa monobisagan eris

ganTavisuflebis aRsaniSnavad daawesa TviT ufalma: `uTxra ufalma moses

da Aaarons egviptis qveyanaSi: TveTa dasabami iyos TqvenTvis es Tve,

pirveli Tve iyos igi TqvenTvis weliwadis TveebSi. ase uTxra israelis

mTel sazogadoebas: am Tvis meaTe dRes mamis saxlze TiToeulma TiTo

kravi an Tikani daigulos. erTi kravi an Tikani saxlze. Tu kravis

SesaWmelad mcirea saxli, Seuamxanagdnen erTmaneTs karis mezoblebi da

suladobis mixedviT aiyvanon kravi. varaudi iqonieT, vis ramdeni Wama

SeuZlia. saRi, mamali, erTwliani unda iyos kravi an Tikani. am Tvis

meToTxmete dRemde Seinaxon. mere daklas israelis mTelma sazogadoebam

saRamoxans. aiRon misi sisxli da scxon im saxlis orive wirTxlsa da

karisTavs sadac Seudgebian Wamas. imave Rames SeWamon cecxlze Semwvari

xorci da xmiadi. mware balaxi Seatanon~ (gam, 12:1-8).

maSasadame, paseqi idResaswauleboda anu ,,mzaddeboda~ pirveli Tvis

meToTxmete dRes, daRamebisas (ricxvTa 9:3). ebrauli kalendris pirvel

Tves aprili warmoadgenda. mas ,,nizani~ erqva. nizanis 14 uwevda 30 wlis 7

aprils, paraskevs, daRamebis Semdeg. magram ebraelTa Cveulebisamebr axali

dRe swored daRamebisas iwyeboda anu paraskevis saRamo imavdroulad

SabaTi dRis dasawyissac warmoadgenda. SabaTi ki sauflo dRe iyo, xolo

ufuarobis anu xmiadTa dResaswaulis SabaTi did dRed miiCneoda.

(ufuarobis dResaswauli 7 dRes grZeldeboda da iwyeboda paseqis meore

57

dRes), savaraudoa, rom swored am mizezis (didi SabaTis) gamo paseqi

,,moamzades~ erTi dRiT adre 30 wlis 6 aprils, xuTSabaTs, anu 13 nisansa

da 14 nisans Soris RamiT. (qristes bolo sapaseqo saRamos Sesaxeb

arsebobs uvrcelesi literatura da RvTismetyvelTa erTmaneTisagan

ramdenadme gansxvavebuli Tvalsazrisi ix. ,,tolkovaia biblia~ tomi III,

pet. 1911-1913 gv. 407, Sen 17).

mRvdelmTavrebsa da farisevlebs iesos mokvla surdaT

dResaswaulamde, rogorc viciT maT aRasrules wadili da is mokles

paraskevs. aqedan Cans, rom dResaswaulis mTavar dRed isini SabaTs (e.i. 15

nizans) miiCnevdnen, romelic paraskevis saRamodan iwyeboda.

rogorc aRiniSna sazogadoebam, am wels paseqi odnav adre

idResaswaula da tarigi anu kravi 14 nisans ukve dakluli da SeWmuli

oyo, magram WeSmariti Sesawiri, swored Tavis dros iqna dakluli –

paraskevs – 14-Si.

~axali aRqmis saRvTowerilis ganmartebiT, Zveli aRqmis kravi

zatikisa moaswavebda ieso qristes, ai msgavsebac – sazatiko kravi unda

gamoerCiaT mTeli cxvris faridan, iesoc saukuniTganve winagamzadebuli

iyo, raTa vnebuliyo kacTa naTesavisaTvis, da rogorc tarigi daklul

iqna dasabamiTganve soflisa (gamocx., 13:8). sazatiko msxverplisaTvis

saWiro iyo verZi, mamali kravi, agreTve qvynisaTvis msxverplad unda

Sewiruliyo RmerTkaci, Ze RvTisa, romelmac miiRo buneba mamakacisa. kravi

unda amoerCiaT umanko, uzado, rom mas ar hqonoda raime xorcieli nakli.

agreTve ieso qristesac saRvTo werili uwodebs wmidad, umankod,

Seugineblad, codvilTagan ganSorebulad, ubiwod (I petre 1,19 ebr., 7,26) da

miawers mas sisrules RvTaebrivi kacobrivi bunebisa. sazatiko kravi

ikvleboda saRamos. ieso qristemac xorciTa sikvdilisa gemo ixila

saRamoTi. Wamis dros kravis Zvlebi ar unda SeemusraT, arc qristes Zvali

Semusvrila jvarcmis Jams. dakluli kravis sisxlis meoxebiT uriani

uvneblad da uzaralod gadaurCnen mmusvrel angelozs, morwmunenic

qristes sisxliT gamoixsnen RvTis risxvisagan. kravis xorcis Wama

akavSirebda da aerTebda ebraelebs RmerTTan, agreTve morwmunenic iesos

sisxlis da xorcis miRebiT mWidrod ukavSirdebian mas~ (ix.

saxelmZRvanelo Zveli da axali aRTqmis wignTa Sesaswavlad Sedgenili

a.p.-sis mier, 1909, gv. 50).

luka ambobs: - ~da dadga dRe ufuarobisa, roca unda daeklaT

sapaseqe kravi. da gagzavna petre da iovane da uTxra maT: wadiT da

mogvimzadeT paseqi, raTa vWamoT. xolo maT Tqves: sad gnebavs, rom

mogimzadoT?~ (luka 22:7-9). iesom uTxra maT Tu sad unda eWamaT paseqi.

mowafeebi wavidnen, maT daxvdaT vrceli, gawyobili darbazi. aq moamzades

paseqi.

58

am dRis saRamos (xuTSabaTs) Tormet mowafesTan erTad ieso dajda

sufrasTan. paseqi (anu Semwvari Kkravis xorci, ufuebeli puriTa (xmiadiT)

da mware balaxiT) fexze mdgomT unda eWamaT Tavdapirveli wesis Tanaxmad.

magram Semdgom wesad SemouRiaT jdoma, viTarca ukve Tavisufali eris

Svilebs, radganac fexze dgomiT Wamads monebi Wamdnen. berZnul-

aRmosavluri Cveulebis Tanaxmad nadims TiTqmis wamowolilebi

Seeqceodnen – rasac inaxiT jdoma erqva. dabal taxtze (or-orni

Tavsdebodnen). maT Tanameinaxeni erqvaT.

serobis win mowafeebma davis sagnad aqcies, Tu romeli unda

damjdariyo inaxiT iesosTan, an mis axlos. es sakiTxi saerTod maT

momaval yofasac Seexeboda Tu caTa sasufevelSi vin unda mjdariyo

qristes gverdiT. luka wers - ~daobdnen imazec, Tu vin ufro didad unda

Seracxiliyo maTSi~ (luka, 22-24). ufalma uTxra, rom kamaTi pirvelobaze

mociqulTa Soris ar unda warmoiSvas. es axasiaTebT warmarT mefeebs –

eZeben sxvebze amaRlebas – xolo ~Tqven nu iqnebiT egre, aramed udidesi

Tqvens Soris rogorc umciresi da winamZRvari – rogorc msaxuria radgan

vin ufro didia: vinc sufras uzis Tu vinc sufras emsaxureba? ra Tqma

unda, vinc sufras uzis. xolo me var Tqvens Soris, rogorc msaxuri. Tqven

ki xarT Cems gansacdelSi Cems gverdiT myofi. da me aRgiTqvamT Tqven,

rogorc me aRmiTqva mamam Cemma sasufeveli, raTa WamdeT da svamdeT Cems

tablaze Cemsav sasufevelSi da dasxdebiT taxtebze, raTa gansajoT

israelis Tormeti tomi~ (luka 22:26-30).

Cveulebis Tanaxmad, serobis win momsaxure fexebs banda

motrapezeebs. pirvelobisaTvis erTmaneTTan modave mowafeebs ar uzruniaT

am wesis SesrulebisaTvis, anu sxvebis fexebis dabanisaTvis, darbazSi

mxolod ieso da Tormeti mociquli imyofeboda. Cans aq msaxuri ar iyo.

ufalma ineba TviTonve eCvenebina Tavmdablobis magaliTi, rom mociqulebi

gandidebas ki ar unda cdilobdnen, aramed imas rogor moemsaxuron

erTmaneTs.

ieso wamodga da moemzada fexTbanis wesis Sesasruleblad: gaixada

zeda samoseli, welze Semoirtya pirsaxoci. ,,Semdeg Caasxa wyali

sabanelSi da daiwyo mowafeebis fexebis bana da SemSraleba pirsaxociT,

romelic welze hqonda Semortymuli. mivida simon-petresTan, man ki uTxra:

ufalo Sen unda dambano fexebi? iesom uTxra pasuxad: rasac vakeTeb axla

ar ici, Semdeg gaigeb. petrem uTxra: arasodes ar damban, fexebs. iesom

uTxra: Tu ar dagban, CemTan ar geqneba wili, simon petrem uTxra: ufalo,

marto Cemi fexebi ki ara, aramed xelebic da Tavic. iesom uTxra: ganbanils

aRar sWirdeba dabana. garda fexebisa, radgan is mTlad wmindaa da Tqvenc

wminda xarT, mxolod yvela ara. radgan icoda vin gascemda. amitom Tqva:

yvelani ara xarT wmindani. fexebi rom dabana maT da Tavisi samoseli aiRo

59

da kvlav dajda, uTxra maT: iciT ra gagikeTeT? Tqven me miwodebT

moZRvars da ufals. sworad ambobT, radgan me var. amitom Tuki me,

moZRvarma da ufalma dagbaneT fexebi, Tqvenc erTmaneTs unda dabanoT

fexebi, radgan me magaliTi mogeciT, raTa, rogorc me gagikeTeT, Tqvenc

gaakeToT~. (ioane, 13:5-15). iesom ganagrZo swavleba, romlis Semdegac, Cans

mowafeebma iesos garSemo adgilebi dainawiles. yvelaze axalgazrda da am

mxriv ,,patara~ ioane iesosTan inaxiT dajda xolo maTTan yvelaze axlo

taxtze Cans iuda iskarioteli, romelic ,,erTgulebis~ gamoCenas

cdilobda, da petre moTavsdnen (mociqulTa ganawilebis Taobaze azrTa

sxvadasxvaoba arsebobs), aseve inaxiT. ase rom iesos gverdiT adgili ergo

ara yvelaze ,,dids~ aramed ,,patara~- ioanes

iesom mociqulebTan mimarTvisas aseTi frazac warmoTqva - ,,yvela

Tqvenganze ar vlaparakob, me vici vinc amovirCie, oRond raTa aRsruldes

werili: Cemi purismWamelma qusli aRmarTa Cemze~ (ioane, 13:18).

Semdeg ieso daRonda da Tqva: ,,WeSmaritad, WeSmaritad geubnebiT

Tqven: erTi Tqvengani gamcems me. mowafeebma erTmaneTs Sexedes uazrod -

vis Sesaxeb laparakobda. iesos mkerdze mieyrdno erTi mowafeTagani,

romelic uyvarda iesos. simon petre aniSnebs mas da eubneba: uTxari vinaa,

visze laparakobs. igi mkerdze miekra iesos da uTxra: ufalo vinaa igi?

iesom upasuxa: es isaa, visac amovuweb lukmas da mivcem. awebs lukmas da

aZlevs iuda simonisas iskariotels. am lukmis Semdeg satana Sevida masSi.

maSin uTxra mas iesom: rasac akeTeb, male gaakeTe. magram moinaxeTagan

veravin gaigo, risTvis uTxra is mas. raki yulaba iudas hqonda, zogma

ifiqra, rom ieso eubneba mas: sadResaswaulod gviyide rac gvWirdeba _ an

kidev, rom raime mieca RaribebisaTvis, is ki rogorc ki lukma aiRo,

dauyovnebliv gavida da iyo Rame~ (ioane, 13:21-30).

magida

ieso

ioane

iuda

petre

taxti taxti

tax

ti t

axti

60

iesos iuda SeekiTxa kidec ,,me xom ara var rabi Seni gamcemi?~ iesom

upasuxa - ,,Sen sTqvi~. marilSi Cawebuli lukmis miRebis Semdeg iuda

gaeSura boroti saqmis Sesasruleblad.

sapaseqo saRamos ceremoniali Tavdapirvelad, sxvagvari iyo. ieso

qristes droisaTvis aseTi saxiT momdinareobda: Sekrebili sazogadoeba

pirvelad iRebda erT jam Rvinos da adRegrZelebda saxlis ufross,

xelebis dabanis Semdeg dResaswauli iwyeboda imiT, rom TiToeuli iRebda

mware balaxs da Wamda. Semdeg ikiTxeboda kanonidan winaswar arCeuli

adgili. Semdeg Camoatarebdnen meore jam Rvinos, romlis drosac saxlis

patroni (Tanaxmad, gam. 12:26) uxsnida Tavis vaJs, misi SekiTxvis Semdeg,

dResaswaulis mizansa da daniSnulebas.

rasac mosdevda - galeli (aliluia fs. 112-113), romlis drosac

Seismeboda aRniSnuli sasmisi. mxolod Semdgom Seudgebodnen Semwvari

kravisa da ufuari puris Jamas. (kerZod jer akurTxebdnen da gatexdnen

purs) swored es iyo dResaswauli. Wamis damTavrebis Semdeg patroni kvlav

daibanda xelebs, madlobda RmerTs dResaswaulis moniWebisTvis da

ikurTxebda mesame jams, romelsac madlis Sesawiri (RvTisadmi

samadlobelo) erqva. da svamda mas amxanagebTan erTad. Semdeg meoTxe

jamsac Camoatarebdnen. igalobeboda galeli (fsalmuni 114-117), romlis

drosac jamiT iloceboda saxlis patroni fsalmunis sityvebiT, (fs. 117).

es oTxi sasmisi unda Sesmuliyo am dResaswaulis dRes, rogorc mdidris,

ise Raribis mier. (ix. `tolkovaia biblia~, t.III, gv 418, Sen. 27).

safiqrebelia, rom Llukas mier gadmocemuli sityvebi `da aiRo

sasmisi, madli Seswira da Tqva: miiReT da gaiyaviT erTmaneTs Soris,

radgan geubnebiT Tqven, rom aRar davlev yurZnis nayofisagan, vidre ar

moiweva RmerTis sasufeveli~ - iesom Tqva pirveli sasmisis Semdeg. man

aseve Seasrula puris kurTxevisa da gatexis da sasmisis Sesmis dadgenili

wesi, magram Tqva sityvebi, romelic iqca momavali eklesiis gamaerTianebel

niSnad. saTave daudo evqaristias, wminda ziarebas. luka gadmoscems

serobis msvlelobis suraTs - `da aiRo puri, madli Seswira, gatexa misca

maT da Tqva: es aris Cemi xorci, romelic mogeciT Tqven. es hyaviT Cems

mosaxseneblad.

agreTve sasmisic aiRo serobis Semdeg da Tqva: es sasmisi axali

aRTqmaa Cemi sisxlis mier, romelic daiTxeva TqvenTvis~ (luka, 22:19-20).

maTec adasturebs, rom qristes sisxliT daido axali aRTqma

RmerTsa da kacobriobas Soris:

`da roca Wamdnen isini, aiRo puri iesom da akurTxa, gatexa, misca

mowafeebs da uTxra: miiReT, WameT, es aris Cemi xorci.

da aiRo sasmisi da akurTxa, misca maT da Tqva: amiT sviT yvelam. es

aris Cemi sisxli axlisa aRTqmisa mravalTaTvis daTxeuli codvaTa

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misateveblad~ (maTe, 26:26-27). es iyo miniSneba, rom RmerTs Tavi unda

Seewira kacobriobisaTvis. misi sisxli adamianTa codvaTa misateveblad

daiTxeoda. swored mis xorcTan da sisxlTan ziarebiT mieniWeboda

adamians Tavis Tavdapirvel (adamis codvamdel) bunebasTan daaxloebis,

dabrunebis ufleba. garda amisa qristes morwmuneebs saukuneTa manZilze

aerTianebs es sasmisi, romelic niSania qristes maT Soris yofnisa, erT

eklesiad gaerTianebisa. qristes gamosyidviT sisxli – evqaristiis

saidumlo axali aRTqmisa dawesda mesame sasmisis dros, serobis

dasasruls, rogorc pavle wers `serobis Semdeg~ (I kor. 11:25).

iesom ase mimarTa mociqulebs sabolood:

`axal mcnebas gaZlevT Tqven: raTa giyvardeT erTmaneTi, rogorc me

SegiyvareT Tqven, Tqvenc ise giyvardeT erTmaneTi. Cemi mowafeebi rom xarT,

imiT gaigeben yvelani, Tu siyvaruli geqnebaT erTmaneTs Soris~ (ioane,

13:33-35).

axali aRTqmis upirvelesi mcnebaa, `giyvardeT erTmaneTi~ es mcneba

ufalma ieso qristem mowafeTa mimarT warmoTqva, rogorc anderZi,

radganac manamde Tqva `Svilebo, kidev mciredsRa var TqvenTan. momZebniT

da, rogorc iudevelebs vuTxari, rom sadac mivdivar, Tqven ver SeZlebT

mosvlas, aseve geubnebiT Tqvenc axla~ - ris gamoc simon-petre SeekiTxa

ufals - `ufalo, saiT midixar?~

iesom upasuxa: axla ver SesZleb rom gamomyve iq, sadac mivdivar,

Semdeg ki gamomyvebi~.

- ufalo ratom ar SemiZlia, rom axla gamogyve? Cems sicocxles

davdeb SenTvis.

- sicocxles dadeb CemTvis? WeSmaritad, WeSmaritad geubnebi Sen:

mamali ar iyivlebs, sanam samjer ar uarmyof – uTxra iesom petres.

- amis Semdeg, roca iesom ixila daRonebuli mowafeebi, romlebmac

ar icodnen saiT midioda maTi ufali, gaamxneva isini da mimarTa saboloo

sityviT.

`nu SekrTeba Tqveni guli, iwameT RmerTi da miwameT me. mamaCemis

saxlSi bevri savanea. es rom ase ar iyos, getyodiT, me mivdivar, raTa

adgili mogimzadoT. rodesac waval da adgils mogimzadebT, isev moval

da CemTan wagiyvanT, raTa sadac me mivdivar, iyoT Tqvenc, sadac me

mivdivar, gza iciT.

Tomam uTxra - ufalo, ar viciT, sad midixar da gza rogorRa

gvecodineba?

iesom uTxra - me var gza da WeSmariteba da sicocxle. mamasTan

veravin miva, Tu ara Cems mier. me rom micnobdeT, mamaCemic gecodinebaT.

amieridan icnobT mas da ginaxavT igi.

filipem uTxra: - ufalo gvaCvene mama da sakmarisia CvenTvis.

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iesom uTxra mas – raxania TqvenTan var, ver micnob me filipe? vinc

me mixila, ixila mama. rogorRa ambob gvaCvene mamao? gana ar gwams rom me

mamaSi var da mama CemSi~.

Semdeg ki uTxra maT – Tu me giyvarvarT, Cemi mcnebani daicaviT da me

mamas Sevevedrebi da is nugeSinismcemels mogcemT, raTa TqvenTan iyos

saukunod. – WeSmaritebis suls, ris miRebac ar SeuZlia qveynierebas,

radgan ar xedavs da ar icnobs mas. Tqven ki icnobT mas, radgan TqvenTan

rCeba da TqvenTan iqneba ...

visac Cemi mcnebani aqvs da icavs maT, mas vuyvarvar me da visac me

vuyvarvar, Seyvarebuli iqneba mamaCemis mier da mec Seviyvareb mas da

TviTon gamovecxadebi...

nugeSinismcemeli ki, suli wminda, romelsac Cemi saxeliT

warmoagzavnis mama, yvelafers gaswavliT da yvelafers gagaxsenebT, rac

TqvenTvis miTqvams...

me var vazi WeSmariti, mamaCemi ki – mevenaxe…...

me vazi var, Tqven ki lerwmebi. vinc CemSi rCeba da me masSi, igi bevr

nayofs gamoiRebs, radgan uCemod arafris gakeTeba ar SegiZliaT...

esaa Cemi mcneba: raTa giyvardeT erTmaneTi, rogorc me SegiyvareT

Tqven. imaze meti siyvaruli aravis gaaCnia, vidre vinc suls dasdebs Tavis

megobrisaTvis. Tqven ki Cemi megobrebi xarT, Tu gaakeTebT rasac mcnebad

gidebT, aRar giwodebT monebs, vinaidan monam ar icis ras akeTebs misi

batoni, aramed megobrebs giwodebT, radgan yvelaferi gamcneT rac

mamaCemisagan movismine ...

amas gidebT mcnebad Tqven, raTa giyvardeT erTmaneTi. Tu Tqven

qveynierebas sZulxarT, icodeT, rom Tqvenze uwin me momiZula. Tqven rom

qveynierebisagan iyoT, qveynierebas eyvareboda Tavisi. da raki ara xarT

qveynierebisagan, aramed me gamogarCieT qveynierebidan, amitomac sZulxarT

qveynierebas. . .

Cems moZules mamaCemic sZuls ...

roca mova nugeSinismcemeli – romelsac me warmogigzavniT mamisgan –

WeSmaritebis suli, romelic mamisgan momdinareobs, is daamowmebs Cems

Sesaxeb ...

magram WeSmaritebas geubnebiT Tqven: TqvenTvis ukeTesia, me rom

wavide, rameTu Tu ar waval, nugeSinismcemeli ver mova Tqvengan. da Tu

waval me warmovgzavni mas TqvenTan, da roca mova is, amxilebs qveynierebas

codvis Sesaxeb. simarTlisa da sasamarTlos Sesaxeb codvaze, me rom ar

miwames. simarTleze, me rom mamasTan mivdivar da ukve veRar mixilavT.

samarTalze, rom mTavari am qveynierebisa gasamarTldeba. kidev bevri maqvs

TqvenTvis saTqmeli, magram veRar itvirTavT. roca mova is suli

WeSmaritebisa, SegiZRvebaT yovel WeSmaritebaSi, radgan TavisiT ki ar

63

ilaparakebs, aramed imas ilaparakebs, rasac ismens da momavals

gamogicxadebT Tqven. igi ganmadidebs me, radgan Cemgan miiRebs da Tqven

gamogicxadebT. yvelaferi rac mamas gaaCnia Cemia. amitom giTxariT: Cemgan

miiRebs da Tqven gauwyebT ... (ioane, Tavi 15-16).

iesom kvlav ganagrZo Tavisi sityva. bolos Tqva `es imitom giTxariT,

raTa mSvidoba iqonioT CemSi. qveynierebaze Wiri geqnebaT. magram

gamagrdiT. me vZlie qveyniereba~ Semdeg ki iloca mowafeTaTvis da

yvelasaTvis, vinc ki mas irwmunebs. am locvas mRvdelTmTavrulsac

uwodeben.

`iesom cas mapyro Tvalebi da Tqva:

mamao, dadga Jami, ganadide Seni Ze, raTa Zem gangadidos Sen. iseve,

rogorc mieci Zalaufleba mas yvela xorcielze, raTa yvelas, romlebic

mas mieci, misces saukuno sicocxle, esaa saukuno sicocxle, rom

gicnobdnen Sen, erTaderT WeSmarit RmerTs da vinc Sen warmogzavne – ieso

qristes.

me gangadide dedamiwaze, Sevasrule Seni saqme, rac momeci, rom

gamekeTebina. axla ki Sen, mamao ganmadide imave didebiT rac gamaCnda

SenTan qveynierebis gaCenis win. Seni saxeli vacnobe adamianebs, romlebic

Sen momeci qveynierebisagan. Seni iyvnen isini da me momeci da Seni sityva

daicves maT ...

me aRar var qveynierebaze, magram isini arian qveynierebaze. me ki

SenTan movdivar. mamao wmidao, daicavi isini Seni saxeliT, romlebic Sen

momeci raTa Cevnebr erTi iyvnen!...

me mxolod maTTvis ar gevedrebi, aramed imaTzec, visac Cemi swams

maTi sityviT. raTa yvela erTi iyos, rogorc Sen CemSi mamao, me ki – SenSi,

raTa isinic iyvnen CemSi, raTa irwmunos qveynierebam, rom Sen warmomgzavne~

(io. 17).

sapaseqo serobis dasrulebis Semdeg, rogorc aRniSnuli iyo,

igalobeboda fsalmunebi. mociqulebmac igalobes da wavidnen zeTisxilis

mTaze (maTe, 26:30).

maSin uTxra maT iesom: Tqven yvelani SecdebiT amaRam Cems gamo,

vinaidan dawerilia: davcem mwyemss, da ganibnevian faris cxvrebi. xolo

Cemi aRdgomis Semdeg wagiZRvebiT Tqven galileisaken~ (maTe: 28: 31-32).

iudas garda yvela mociquli galileidan iyo, sadac wlebis

manZilze moRvaweobda ieso. Tavis TavSi dajerebulma petrem macxovars

uTxra: `yvela rom Secdes Sens gamo, me arasodes Sevcdebi. uTxra iesom:

WeSmaritad geubnebi Sen: amaRam mamlis yivilamde samjer uarmyof me. miugo

mas petrem: SenTan erTad rom miwios sikvdilma, arasodes uargyof Sen. da

aseve ambobda yvela mowafe~ ( maTe, 26: 34-35).

iesom Seaxsena mociqulebs:

64

- roca me wargzavneT ufuTod, uabgod da fexSiSvelad Tu dagakldaT

rame?

- araferi – miuges maT.

- amJamad ki, visac aqvs fuTa, waiRos, agreTve abgac xolo unda

aRsruldes Cemze es werili – borotmoqmedTa Soris Seiracxao.

radgan is, rac daiwera Cemze, dasasruls uaxlovdeba -

- ufalo, aha ori maxvili! – Tqves mociqulebma.

maT pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT gaiges iesos naTqvami, brZolis dawyebis

drois dadgomis Sesaxeb, amitomac Cans gaugebrobis Tavidan acilebis

mizniT Tqva iesom - `sakmarisia~.

ieso Cveulebisamebr avida zeTisxilis mTaze, kerZod ki adgilze,

romelsac erqva geTsimania. aq uTxra mowafeebs - ` - iloceT, raTa ar

SexvideT sacdunebelSi~. xolo TviTon Tan waiyvana petre da zebedes ori

Ze. da daiwyo urva da mwuxareba. maSin uTxra iesom: mwuxarea Cemi suli,

vidre sikvdilamde. iyaviT aq da ifxizleT CemTan erTad. da cotaze

gaSorda maT, pirqve daemxo, loculobda da ambobda: mamao Cemo! Tuki

SesaZloa amcdes es sasmisi Tumca ara rogorc me mnebavs, aramed rogorc

Sen.

da moevlina angelozi zeciT, da ganamtkicebda mas. urviT

Sepyrobili, ufro gulmxurvale loculobda da misi ofli sisxlis

wveTebad epkureboda miwas.

iloca, adga da movida Tavis mowafeebTan da mwuxarebisagan Zilad

mivardnili hpova isini. da uTxra: rad gZinavT? adeqiT da iloceT raTa ar

SexvideT sacdunebelSi. suli mxnea, magram xorcia uZluri.

meoradac gaSorda maT: loculobda da ambobda: `mamao Cemo! Tuki

SesaZlebalia amcdes es sasmisi, raTa ar Sevsva igi, de, iyos neba Seni~. da

movida da kvlav mZinareni hpova isini, radgan Tvalebi damZimebodaT.

miatova isini, mesamedac gaSorda maT, da kvlav igive sityvebi

warmoTqva. mere movida Tavis mowafeebTan da uTxra maT: `kvlavindeburad

gZinavT da ganisvenebiT? aha moawia drom, da Ze kacisa mieca codvilTa

xelSi. adeqiT, wavediT: aha, mogviaxlovda Cemi gamcemi~ (maTe., 26:36-46,

luka., 22:39-46).

didi paraskevi 30 wlis 7 aprili (14 nizani)

Ramis 6-sa da 7 aprils Soris martod-marto yvelasgan mitevebuli

loculobda ieso geTsimaniis baRSi. ise Zlier, rom misi piris ofli

viTarca sisxlis wveTebi ecemoda miwas. marto ivneboda da martom

daamarcxa cduneba – ineba sasmisis Sesma da, aha, Ramis sibneleSi uceb

65

gamoCnda brbo. lamprebis Suqze Canda taZris mcvelTa razmis, farisevelTa

da mRvdelTmTavarTa msaxurebis maxvilebi, ketebi da waTebi. xalxs win

mouZRoda iuda iskarioteli. Ramis sibneleSi razmelebs rom gaerkviaT Tu

baRSi myofTaA Soris romeli iyo ieso qriste, iuda eambora Tavis

moZRvars. es iyo niSani `xolo iesom uTxar mas: iuda, maS, amboriT gascem

kacis Zes?~ (luka 22-48).

gamcemis niSanze xalxi uceb Semoexvia iesos.

ieso SeekiTxa Semoxveul xalxs – vis eZebT?

upasuxes – ieso nazarevels!

`rodesac uTxra: me var, daixies ukan da miwaze daecnen.

kvlav hkiTxa maT: vis eZebT? maT uTxres: ieso nazarevels.

iesom uTxra: giTxariT rom me var, me Tu meZebT, gauSviT isini

wavidnen~ (io. 18:5-8).

ieso gulisxmobda mociqulebs, maTi gaSveba Txova brbos. roca

axladgaRviZebulma da gaocebulma petrem ixila rom xalxi samtrod iyo

mosuli, iSiSvla maxvili, dascxo mRvdelTmTavris monas da marjvena yuri

CamoaTala. monas malqozi erqva.

iesom uTxra petres:

- Caage maxvili qarqaSSi, radgan yvela vinc aiRebs maxvils,

maxviliTve daiRupeba, an iqneb ggonia, rom ar SemiZlia Sevevedro

mamas Cemsas da warmogzavnis angelozTa Tormet legionsAda ufro

metsac, rogorRa aRsruldeba werili, rom ase unda moxdes? (maTe.,

26:52-54). gana ar Sevsva sasmisi, romelic mamam momca? (io., 18-10).

moeSviT (brbos), kmara! (luka., 22-51).

Semdeg Seexo malqozis yurs da ganikurna igi. mis Sesapyrobad

mosul mRvdelmTavrebs, taZris winamZRvrebsa da uxucesebs iesom uTxra:

rogorc avazaks, maxvilebiTa da waTebiT momixtiT, dReniadag

TqvenTan viyavi taZarSi da xeli ar aRgimarTavT Cemze, magram axla Tqveni

droa da bnelis meufeba (luka – 22:52). xolo yovelive es iqmna, raTa

aRsruldes dawerili winaswarmetyvelTa mier (maTe., 26:56).

amis Semdeg yvela mowafem miatova moZRvari da SeSinebuli gaiqca.

erTi Wabuki mowafe, romelsac SiSvel sxeulze moesxa saburveli, Seipyres

razmelebma, Seatova xelSi saburveli da SiSveli gaiqca (mark,. 14:52).

Sepyrobili ieso qriste waiyvanes mRvdelmTavris saxlSi,

ierusalimSi. jer kidev Rame iyo.

im wlis mRvdelmTavari iyo kaiafa (mkacri, magram unebisyofo kaci),

masze ufro mometebuli gavleniTaA da avtoritetiT sargeblobda yofili

mRvdelmTavari anna (xanna). is sinedrionis wevrebis pativiscemiT

sargeblobda, magram romael xelisufalTa mier gadayenebul iqna. mis

nacvlad daniSnul iqna misi siZe, rogorc aRiniSna ioseb kaiafa. swored

66

didi gavlenis gamo ieso pirvelad annasTan miiyvanes. safiqrebelia, rom

mRvdelmTavris saxlSi mas Tavisi samyofeli gaaCnda. iq Seiyvanes ieso.

upirveles yovlisa anna iesos SeekiTxa misi mowafeebisa da misi swavlebis

Sesaxeb. yvelas, gansakuTrebiT ki sadukevelebs, aSinebdaT romaelTa

sawinaaRmdegod xalxis ajanyebani imaT mier, romelnic TavianT Tavs

uwodebdnen iudevelTa mefesa da mesias, aseTni qveyanaSi gamoCndebodnen

xolme dro da dro.

iesom kiTxvaze upasuxa:

- me aSkarad vesaubrebodi qveynierebas da mudam vaswavlidi sinagogaSi

da taZarSi, sadac yvela iudeveli ikribeba. farulad araferi

milaparakia. me ras mekiTxebi? hkiTxe msmenelebs, ras velaparakebodi

maT. ai, maT ician ras vambobdi~. (io., 18:19-22).

pasuxis kilo Cans, ar moewona erT iq mdgom msaxurs da gaartya iesos,

sityvebiT:

- ase pasuxob mRvdelmTavars?

- Tu cudi vTqvi daamowme cudis Sesaxeb da Tu kargi - rad mcem? –

upasuxa iesom.

amis Semdeg annam brZana xelebi SeekraT iesosaTvis da gaugzavna

mRvdelmTavar kaiafas. es is kaiafa iyo, romelmac iudevelebs urCia jobia

erTi kaci mokvdes xalxisaTviso.

mRvdelmTavris saxlis ezos galavani ertya. gabneul mowafeTagan

mxolod petrem da ioanem gabedes malulad gahyolodnen baRidan

ierusalimSi mimaval brbos. ioane – mRvdelmTavris nacnobi iyo da

viTarca erTi seiris mayurebelTagani Sehyva iesos mRvdelmTavris ezoSi.

petre ki gareT darCa, Semdeg man petres Seyvanac SeZlo. civi Ramis gamo

ezoSi cecxli enToT. petre cecxlTan idga da Tbeboda. sinaTleze Cans

igi icnes da uTxres: `Senc misi mowafeTagani ara xar?~, petrem uaryo: `ara

var~ - uTxra mxeval qals.

Semdgom meore kacma, mRvdelmTavris monam, yurmoWrilis naTesavma

icon petre da Tqva: `gana masTan ar gnaxe baRSi?~ - petrem kvlav uaryo.

kaiafasTan mwignobrebi da uxucesebi iyvnen Sekrebilni. aqve,

sagangebod am SemTxvevisaTvis, Sekrebiliyo mTeli sinedrioni. im RamiT

sinedrioni iesos saqmis, rogorc gansakuTrebulis, gansaxilvelad orjer

Sekrebila (gvian RamiT da gamTeniisas. sinedrionis sxdomas ase aRweren:

wevrebi sxdebodnen rkaliseburad, ise, rom TiToeuli mosamarTle xedavda

yvelas. maT win mwerali idga. erTi marcxniv, meore marjvniv da iwerdnen

gamamarTlebel sityvebsa da gamamtyunebel sityvebs, maT win mowafeTa sami

mwkrivi isxda. yvelam icoda Tavis adgili. im SemTxvevaSi, roca saqme

sikvdil-sicocxles exeboda proceduras sagangebo msvleloba hqonda,

mosamarTleebs cota unda eWamaT, Rvino mTel dRes ar unda daeliaT, saqme

67

mTeli Ramis manZilze unda gaerCiaT, diliT adre unda amdgariyvnen da

mosuliyvnen sasamarTloSi, Tu Tormeti mosamarTle (msajuli)

gaamarTlebda xolo TerTmeti gaamtyunebda, maSin gansasjeli

gamarTlebulad iTvleboda. magram Tu TerTmeti gaamarTlebda da Tormeti

gaamtyunebda, es ar iyo sakmarisi gasamtyunebeli sasjelis misacemad.

amisaTvis saWiro iyo kidev ori gasamtyunebeli xma. sul sinedrionSi 71

wevri iyo, amitom gamarTlebisaTvis saWiro iyo umravlesobis xmis miReba,

magram gamtyunebisaTvis umravlesobis xma – sakmarisi ar iyo. saWiro iyo

`mamtyuvnebelTa~ ricxvi gammarTlebelTa ricxvze ori kaciT meti

yofiliyo. dResaswaulisa da SabaTis dReebSi araviTari sasamarTlo ar

Sedgeboda. yvela es wesebi humanurobiT gamoirCeodnen, magram isini

daviwyebuli iqnen ieso qristes gasamarTlebis dros. saerTod sinedrionis

Sekreba taZarSi imarTeboda, magram Cveni macxovris saqmis gansaxilvevad

ase ar moiqcnen, albaT im mizezis gamo, rom RamiT taZris karebi

iketeboda (ix. `tolkovaia biblia~, t I gv. 440).

sinedrioni am SemTxvevaSi mRvdelmTavar kaiafasTan iyo Sekrebili,

da ieso, rogorc gansasjeli idga maT win.

`mRvdelmTavarni, uxucesni da mTeli sinedrioni eZebdnen

crumowmeobas iesos winaaRmdeg, raTa moeklaT igi, magram ver ipoves. da

Tumca bevri crumowme iyo misuli, ver miagnes. bolos movida ori

crumowme. romlebmac Tqves: es ambobda: SemiZlia davangrio RmerTis taZari

da sam dReSi kvlav avaSeno. maSin wamodga mRvdelmTavari da uTxra mas:

ratom arafers ityvi imis pasuxad, rasac eseni Sens winaaRmdeg mowmoben?

xolo ieso dumda~ (maTe, 26:59-62).

Tavisi mowafeobis uaryofidan daaxloebiT erTi saTis Semdeg petre

laparakis Semdeg kiloTi icno viRacam da ezoSi myofT uTxra -

`namdvilad esec mas axlda, vinaidan galilevelia~. xolo petrem miugo

mas: `ar vici ras ambob, kaco~. amis Tqma iyo da iyivla mamalma. maSin

ufali Semobrunda da mixeda petres. da gaaxsenda petres uflis sityva

romelic uTxra mas: mamlis yivilamde samjer uarmyofo. da gamovida petre

gareT da mwared atirda~ (luka, 22:54-62).

mRvdelmTavarsa da sinedrions ieso arafers pasuxobda. is dumda

Semdeg isev hkiTxa mas mTvdelTavarma: - gaficeb cocxal RmerTs, gviTxari

Sen xar Tu ara qriste Ze RmerTisa?

- me var. amasac geubnebiT Tqven amieridan male ixilavT Ze kacisas,

mjdomares Zalis marjvniv da momavals zecis RrublebiT – miugo

iesom (mark. 14-62).

amis gagonebisTanave mRvdelmTavarma Semoixia Tavis samosi

(RvTisgmobis mosmenisas wesis Sesabamisad ase iqceodnen) da Tqva: - ~man

68

RmerTi hgmo, maS raRad gvinda mowmeebi? xom moismineT RvTisgmoba misi?

ras ityviT?~ (maTe, 26:65).

maSin yvelam daado msjavri mas, rom sikvdils imsaxurebda –

sikvdilis Rirsia – miuges mRvdelmTavars.

zogierTebma dauwyes nerwyva, muStebs urtyamdnen da eubnebodnen

gviwinaswarmetyvele qriste vin gadartya? ase gagrZelda dilamde.

rodesac inaTa mRvdelmTavrebma da uxucesebma kvlav gamarTes bWoba,

rogor aResrulebinaT Ramis dadgenileba.

romaelTa mier dapyrobil ebraelebs CamorTmeuli hqondaT

sxvadasxva moqalaqeobrivi uflebani, maT Soris maxvilis (anu iaraRis)

tarebis ufleba da adamianis sikvdiliT dasjis ufleba. amitom, marTalia

iesos sikvdiliT dasja gadauwyvites, magram am ganaCenis aRsruleba

ebraelebs ar SeeZloT. amis ufleba hqonda romael mmarTvels,

imdroisaTvis pontoel pilates. is imperatorma tiberiusma daniSna 26

wels. fiqroben, rom misis saxeli pontius momdinareobda erTerTi

romauli gvarisagan, Tumca SeiZleba geografiul saxel `pontosac~

ukavSirdebodes, pilate iyo prokuratori iudeisa, samariisa da idumeisa.

xolo galileas marTavda romaelTa mier daniSnuli herode didis

STamomavali. ierusalimSi mdebare saxelganTqmuli sasaxle herode didisa

prokuratoris samyofels warmoadgenda. swored aq pilatesTan waiyvanes

mRvdelmTavrebma ieso. maTTan brbo misdevda.

iesos mowafem – iuda iskariotelma, roca ixila misi gacemis

Sedegad iesos usastikesi dasja, dacinva da sasikvdilod gameteba `Seinana

da daubruna ocdaaTi vercxli mRvdelmTavrebsa da uxucesT. da Tqva:

Sevcode, rom mogeciT marTali sisxli. xolo mas uTxres: Cven ra? Sen

ikiTxe. da dayara vercxli taZarSi da gaecala. wavida da Tavi CamoixrCo.

xolo mRvdelmTavrebma akrifes vercxli da Tqves: ar egeba taZris

saganZurSi amis dadeba, vinaidan sisxlis safasuria~ (maTeE 27:4-6). fuliT

iyides sasaflao ucxoelebisaTvis, romelsac xalxma sisxlis miwa uwoda.

amiT aRsrulda ieremias winaswarmetyveleba.

amasobaSi brbo, romelsac ieso mihyavda xmamaRali yviriliT gars

Semoertya pilates cixe-darbazs. ieso romaelma jariskacebma, rogorc

damnaSaved saxeldebuli, Seiyvanes SigniT, magram ebraelebs ar surdaT

Seyola, isini, rogorc cnobilia warmarTebis saxlSi ar Sediodnen

gauwmindurebis SiSiT, miT umetes paseqis dReebSi, maT wmindad surdaT

Tavis dacva. amis gamo pilate iZulebuli gaxda TviTon gamosuliyo gareT

myvirali brbos winaSe da SeekiTxa Tu raSi debdnen brals iesos.

ebraelebma uTxres – borotmoqmedebis gamo gadmogeciT. pilatem Cans

icoda, rom ieso ar iyo damnaSave, da mas brals debdnen sarwmunoebriv

69

sakiTxebSi. amitomac uTxra SekrebilT - `waiyvaneT TqvenTan da

gaasamarTleT Tqveni sjulis mixedviT~ (io. 18:31).

ebraelebs iesos mokvla surdaT, amis neba ki, rogorc viciT maT ar

hqondaT da uTxres pilates –

CvenTvis nebadarTuli araa vinmes mokvla.

xalxma icoda, rom xelisufleba sikvdiliT sjida romaelTa

winaaRmdeg mojanyeebsa da wamqezeblebs, gansakuTrebiT ki ajanyebulTa

meTaurebs. amitomac iesos sikvdiliT dasjis misaRwevad prokurators

ganucxades - `eg gvikrZalavs keisrisaTvis xarkis micemas, Tavis Tavs

mefes uwodebs~.

sarwmunoebrivis nacvlad sakiTxis politikur planSi gadatanam

pilate iZulebuli gaxda yuri miegdo brbosaTvis. is Setrialda, Sevida

SenobaSi da SeekiTxa iesos:

-Sen xar iudevelTa mefe?

-Sen ambob amas, Tu sxvebma giTxres Cems Sesaxeb?

-gana me iudeveli var? Senma erma da mRvdelmTavrebma gadmomces Seni

Tavi, ra gaakeTe? – kvlav SeekiTxa iesos.

ieso mxolod simarTlis oriode sityviT pasuxobs Tavis

ganmsjelebs, anda dums. iudevelebs maTTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovan

kiTxvaze iyo Tu ara Ze RvTisa – TanxmobiT upasuxa, aseve daeTanxma

pilates misTvis yvelaze saintereso kiTxvaze iyo Tu ara is mefe.

-Cemi samefo araamqveyniuria, Cemi samefo rom amqveyniuri yofiliyo,

maSin Cemi msaxurebi ibrZolebdnen, rom iudevelebs ar gadavcemodi, axla

Cemi samefo araa aqedan – miugo iesom.

pilatem SvebiT amoisunTqa, radgan dadasturda misi fiqri, rom

gansja ara politikurs, aramed sulier-sarwmunoebriv sferos Seexeboda

da kvlav mimarTa iesos, ukve ironiiT.

-ese igi mefe xar.

-Sen ambob, rom mefe var. me amitom davibade da amitom movedi

qveynierebaze, rom WeSmariteba damemowmebina, yoveli, vinc WeSmaritebidanaa

ismens Cems xmas.

-ra aris WeSmariteba? - dacinviT ikiTxa pilatem, magram iesos

garegnobam, misgan gamonaSuqma simarTlem da siwmindem STabeWdileba

moaxdina masze, is, mkacri sisxlismRvreli jariskaci mixvda, rom mis win

udanaSaulo kaci idga da gadawyvita kidec simarTle eTqva brbosaTvis,

kvlav gavida gareT da Tqva:

-veraviTar danaSauls ver vpoulob masSi.

am sityvebs mRvdelmTavrebisagan waqezebuli brbo muqariT savse

yviriliT Sexvda. pilates axsovda Tu ierusalimelTa brbos rogor hqonda

garSemortymuli misi rezidencia ramdenime xnis win da isini garduvali

70

sikvdilis SiSiTac ki ver daaSlevina Tavis jariskacebs. msgavsi brbo

idga axla mis winaSe, amitomac gaixara, roca Seityo, rom ieso

galileveli iyo, ese igi im provinciidan, romelsac sxva pirovneba

marTavda - herode antipa.

gansasjelad ieso pilatem herodesTan gagzavna. is im dros

ierusalimSi imyofeboda, radganac xalxi yviroda - `is aSfoTebs xalxs da

aswavlis mTel iudeaSi, galileidan moyolebuli vidre aqamde.~

imdroindeli wesiT, warmoSobiT galileveli adamiani galileis

mflobels unda ganesaja. herode misi winaprebis msgavsad iudevelTaA

sarwmunoebis mimdevari iyo, sjulis kanonis damcveli (magram ara

aRmsrulebeli), amitomac Zalian gaixara iesos danaxvisas. didi xania ewada

misi xilva, radganac bevri smenoda masze da imedi hqonda egeb raime

saswauli miCvenoso, iesom ki ar ineba masTan urTierToba. is dumda, Tumca

herode antipam mravali rame gamohkiTxa. iqve mdgari mRvdelmTavrebi da

mwignobrebi daucxromlad brals debdnen mas, ieso mainc arafers ambobda

Tavs ar icavda. amiT herodem Tavi gawbilebulad igrZno, Tumca mixvda

iesos udanaSaulobas. arc man ineba iesos dasja, magram dascina mas.

Tavis meomrebTan erTad Seuracxyo da masxrad aigdo. Semdeg Semosa

brwyinvale samosiT da ukanve gaugzavna pilates (ix.luka. 23:8-10).

pilatem kvlav ixila mRvdelmTavarni da brbo, romelTac ieso

miuyvanes mas da uTxra maT:

-Tqven momiyvaneT es kaci, rogorc xalxis wamqezebeli, da aha, me

TqvenTan erTad gamoviZie, da ver vpove am kacis vercerTi danaSauli,

raSic brals debT da verc herodem vinaidan masTan gavgzavne igi, da aha

sikvdilis Rirsi araferi uqnia mas. maS davsji da gavuSveb.

pilates ar undoda iesos sikvdiliT dasja da amitomac ifiqra, rom

Tu iesos Zlieri fizikuri saSualebebiT dasjida (awamebda) amiT

Seamcirebda brbos mrisxanebas da isini gansasjelis sikvdiliT dasjas

aRar moiTxovdnen.

-jvars acvi, jvars acvi igi – kidev ufro gaaRiziana brbo pilates

mondomebam.

-ki magram ra daaSava man? me veraferi vupove mas, sikvdiliT dasjis

Rirsi, maS davsji da gavuSveb – Txova brbos pilatem ukve mesamed.

-jvars acvi – yviroda mRvdelmTavrebis da uxucesebis mier

waqezebuli brbo.

pilatem iesos cema brZana. is fiqrobda, rom sasjelis es saSineli

zoma daakmayofilebda brbos da sikvdiliT dasjas aRar moiTxovda.

maSin mTavris jariskacebma sasaxlis Sida ezoSi pretoriumSi

waiyvanes ieso. gars Semoertya mTeli razmi. ieso gaamaTraxes. Semdeg

dawnes eklis gvirgvini da Tavs daadges, mxrebze ki Zowisferi samefo

71

Sesamoslis feri qlamidi moasxes. marjvena xelSi lerwami, viTomda

samefo skiptra, daaWerines, muxls iyridnen mis winaSe, dascinodnen da

eubnebodnen `gixaroden (e.i. salami), mefeo iudevelTa~ pilate gamovida

gareT, brbos winaSe, fiqrobda, rom nacem-nagvemi da damcirebuli iesos

naxva brbos mrisxanebas daacxrobda da uTxra – ai, me gamomyavs igi

TqvenTan, raTa icodeT, rom veraviTar danaSauls ver vpoulob masSi.

amasobaSi jariskacebma xelebSekruli iesoc gamoiyvanes – Zowisferi

mosasxamiT Semosili, Tavze dadgmuli eklis gvirgviniTa da xelSi

skiptriT – lerwmis joxiT. misi danaxvisas pilate kidev erTxel gaaoca

iesos didebulebam, is, miuxedavad gamaTraxebisas miRebuli udidesi

wamebisa, Semdgom ki dacinva-damcirebisa, mSvidad idga, ara Tu iTxovda

raime Sewyalebas, xmasac ar iRebda, Tumc ki surdaT misgan sityvis mosmena.

iesos ieriTa da moTminebiT aRtacebulma pilatem Tqva – ai, kaci!

-davsji da gavuSveb – uTxra xalxs gamaTraxebamde pilatem, axlac,

dasjis Semdeg, igive isurva.

-jvars acvi, jvars acvi – yvirodnen mRvdelmTavrebi da msaxurebi.

-Tqven waiyvaneT da jvars acviT. vinaidan me ver vpoulob masSi

danaSauls.

-Cven gvaqvs sjuli da am sjulis mixedviT igi unda mokvdes, vinaidan

Tavi Ze RmerTad gamoacxada – pilatem xalxisgan es rom moismina, ufro

SeeSinda, SeekiTxa iesos: -

-saidan xar? magram iesom pasuxi ar misca.

-me ar melaparakebi? gana ar ici, rom Zalaufleba maqvs

gagaTavisuflo da Zalaufleba maqvs jvars gacva?

-Sen ar geqneboda Cemze araviTari Zalaufleba, maRlidan rom ar

mogcemoda. amitom mas, vinc Cemi Tavi gadmogca Sen ufro didi codva aqvs

– uTxra iesom.

amasobaSi pilates saxleulidan movida kaci, romelmac samsjavro

savarZelSi mjdar pilates gadasca colis SemonaTvali - `nurafers

dauSaveb mag marTals, vinaidan wuxel sizmarSi bevri vitanje magis gamo~

(maTe, 27:19).

amitomac pilatem kidev erTxel scada brbos guli molboba,

dResaswaulis dReebSi Cveulebad hqonda xalxisTvis gaeTavisuflebina

erTi patimari, romelsac moisurvebdnen. imxanad hyavdaT erTi patimari

baraba, romelic sapyrobileSi ijda areulobisa da qalaqSi momxdari

mkvlelobis gamo.

samsjavro savarZeli gareT idga, adgilze, romelsac qvafenili

ewodeba, ebraulad ki – gabbeTa. aqedan pilatem mimarTa xalxs

-ai, Tqveni mefe.

-Sors, Sors, jvars acvi!

72

-xom gaqvT Cveuleba, rom paseqSi erTi gagiTavisufloT. gsurT, rom

gagiTavisufloT iudevelTa mefe?

-Cven ar gvyavs mefe keisris garda!

-mokali eg da gagviTavisufle baraba!

-Tu amas gaaTavisufleb, ar xar megobari keisrisa, radgan mefed xdis

Tavs, keisars ewinaaRmdegeba. iudevelebi romSi imperatoris winaSe xSirad

agzavnidnen saCivrebs pilates sawinaaRmdegod, zogjer ki delegaciebsac

gzavnidnen mis gasamtyuneblad da dasasjelad, axla keisros mtrobas

abralebdnen iesos gamo.

`da raki ixila pilatem, rom verafers Svelis, aramed ufro izrdeba

SfoTi, moiTxova wyali, xalxis winaSe daibana xelebi da Tqva: me ubralo

var am marTlis sisxlSi. Tqven ikiTxeT. da miugo mTelma xalxma da uTxra:

Cvenze iyos da Cven Svilebze magisi sisxli~ (maTe, 27:24). xalxis Txovnis

Sesabamisad pilatem brZana barabas gaTavisufleba da iesos dasja.

iesos jariskacebma Semoaxies `samefo samosi~ - qlamidi, gamoarTves

`skiptra~ - lerwami da Tavze daamtvries, daiwyes furTxeba da kvlav

Tavisi samosi Caacves da jvarze sacmelad waiyvanes – ieso mieca maT nebas.

jvarcmis adgili qalaqgareT, dasavleTis mxares mdebareobda – mas Txemis

adgili, golgoTa erqva, arcTu Sors mdebareobda mTavris sasaxlidan.

iesos zurgze ahkides jvari, mZime Zeli da mxiaruli brbos TanxlebiT

jariskacebma waiyvanes golgoTisaken. am gzas ierusalimSi dResac –

godebis gzas uwodeben. iyo 30 wlis 14 nisani, adre dila. uxucesebi

aCqarebdnen jalaTebs. paraskevi iyo; magram naSuadRevis Semdeg dro ukve

SabaTis damdegad iTvleboda. paseqis SabaTi ki udidesi dResaswauli iyo.

amitomac moZraobis asaCqareblad jariskacebma daiWires mindvridan

mimavali vinme glexi simon kirineli da aiZules igi jvari ezida. da

wamoiRo iesos kvaldakval. misdevda mas ukan uricxvi simravle xalxisa

da qalebisa, romlebic stirodnen da glovobdnen mas. ieso Semobrunda da

uTxra maT: - ierusalimis asulno, me ki nu damtiriT aramed daitireT

Tqveni Tavi da Tqveni Svilebi, radgan aha, movlen dReni, roca ityvian:

netar arian unayofoni, da mucelni, romelTac ar uSobiaT da ZuZuni,

romelTac ar uwovebiaT. maSin etyvian mTebs: Tavze dagvemxeT da borcvebs

dagvmarxeT Cven. radgan Tu nedl xes ase eqcevan, raRas uzamen xmels?

masTan erTad kidev ori avazakic mihyavdaT jvarze sacmelad.

roca miaRwies golgoTas, iesos miawodes naRveliT Sezavebuli Zmari

dasalevad. am sasmels qalebi amzadeben jvarcmulis tanjvis

Sesamcireblad, radganac is mis msmenels aTayvanebda. jvarcma erT-erTi

yvelaze mtkivneuli sasjeli iyo. gansasjels miaWedavdnen anda miabamdnen

Zels: xelebs mis frTebze, fexebis dasamagreblad arsebobda e.w. `ferxTa

ficari~, romelsac eyrdnoboda fexebi, uromlisodac jvarcmuli Zirs

73

Camococdeboda da miwaze davardeboda. aseve tovebdnen mas mzis gulze

neli mtanjveli sikvdilisaTvis. zogjer jvarze ekidnen dReebis

ganmavlobaSi da frinvelebi cocxladve kortnidnen Tvalebs.

gansakuTrebiT mtanjveli iyo wyurvili. Wrilobebi ixsneboda da

Cirqdeboda, sisxli ZarRvebSi aRar moZraobda, uxmobdnen sikvdils, is ki

ar Canda. am tanjvis SegrZnebis asacileblad asmevdnen ZmarSi gaxsnil

naRvels. iesom isurva sruli gancda satanjvelisa.

jvarcmulis zemoT Zelze akravdnen warweras, Tu romeli

danaSaulis CadenisTvis isjeboda is. iesos jvarze gaakres warwera

laTinur, berZnul da ebraul enebze - `ieso nazareveli – iudevelTa

mefe~. aRmarTes misi jvari da mis gverdiT marcxniv da marjvniv ori

avazakis jvrebi aRmarTes.

gamvlelni aginebdnen mas, Tavebs aqnevdnen da ambobdnen – taZris

damrRvevo da sam dReSi aRmSenebelo, ixseni Seni Tavi, Tu RmerTis Ze xar,

Camodi jvridan. aseve mRvdelmTavrebi, mwignobrebi uxucesebTan da

farisevlebTan erTad dascinodnen da ambobdnen: - sxvebi ixsna da Tavis

xsna ki ar SeuZlia. Tu israelis mefea, de, Camovides jvaridan, da viwamebT

mas. RmerTs iyo mindobili da Tu nebavs ixsnas axla RmerTma, vinaidan man

Tqva: me var Ze RmrTisa.

romaeli jariskacebi ki, misi jalaTebi, am dros saqmiT iyvnen

dakavebuli, Cveulebis Tanaxmad maT gasamrjelod ekuTvnodaT jvarcmulis

tansacmeli. romelsac erTmaneTs Soris wilisyriT iyofdnen. axlac, roca

ieso jvars acves wili yares da gaiyves misi samosi, amiT aRsrulda

Tqmuli winaswarmetyvelis mier, romelic ambobs: gaiyves Cemi samosi

erTmaneTSi da Cems kvarTze iyares wili. iesos samosi oTx nawilad gayves,

TiToeul jariskacs TiTo nawili Sexvda. mosasxami kvarTi erTiani iyo,

Tavidan bolomde moqsovili. Sekerili ar iyo. is wilisyriT erT

jariskacs ergo. am dros jvarcmaSi monawileobis misaRebad ierusalimel

uxucesebis mowveviT imyofebodnen qarTveli ebraelebi elioz mcxeTeli

da longinoz karsneli. maT Cans SeusyidiaT jariskacisagan wilisyriT

miRebuli kvarTi. romelic mcxeTaSi wamoiRes da dRemde iqvea

dakrZaluli, sveticxovelSi (ix.q.c. gv.19).

mRvdelmTavrebi da farisevlebi, romelnic Sescqerodnen iesos

ukmayofiloni iyvnen warweris teqstiT `ieso nazareveli, mefe

iudevelebisa~, uTxres kidec pilates nu dawer ~iudevelTa mefe~, aramed

rac man Tqva `me var iudevelTa mefe~, pilatem upasuxa; rac davwere –

davwere~ (io., 19:21).

yvela yayanebda, Tavis azrs gamoTqvamdnen, dascinodnen iesos mTeli

qalaqisa da brbos yuradReba iesosken iyo mipyrobili davobdnen

macxovris jvarcmis gamo.

74

`mamao, miuteve amaT, radgan ar ician, ras sCadian~ - mitevebisa da

Sendobis es sityvebi pirvelni iyvnen im `Svid sityvas~ Soris, romelic

iesom jvarcmisas warmoTqva.

meore sityva uTxra mis gverdiT jvarze gakrul monanie avazaks:

- `WeSmaritad geubnebi Sen: dResve CemTan erTad iqnebi samoTxeSi~ (luka,

23:24). Tqma am sityvisa, gamowveuli iyo imiT, rom avazakebis mTeli

yuradReba, iseve rogorc xalxisa, iesosken iyo mipyrobili, imdenad rom

TavianTi jvarcma aRar axsovdaT, masze msjelobdnen: erTi jvarcmuli

borotmoqmedi aginebda mas da ambobda: Tu Sen xar qriste, ixseni Seni Tavi

da Cvenc. meore ki risxavda mas da eubneboda: RmerTis mainc ar geSinia?

radganac misebr dasjili xar? Cvenze axia, rac davTeseT, imasve vimkiT,

xolo mas araferi cudi ar Caudenia. da uTxra iesos: momixsene me, ufalo,

roca mixval Sens sasufevelSi~ (luka, 23:40-42), da miiRo kidec miteveba

uflisagan.

mogrovil xalxSi macxovarma gaarCia dedamisi – mariami da

sayvareli mowafe ioane. erT dros, roca deda yovelmxriv

uzrunvelyofili iyo, masze Tqva, - `vin aris deda Cemi an vin arian Zmebi

Cemi?~ da Tavis mowafeebi miiCnia `dedad da Zmebad~ (maTe 12:49). axla

daRonebuli, umweo deda, upatronod rCeboda. guli masze zrunviT aevso,

miubrunda jvarTan mdgar dedamiss mariams, mis gverdiT mdagr Tavisi

`Zmebis~ dedas – deidamiss, romelsac aseve mariami erqva, Semdeg Sexeda

iovanes da dedas uTxra: dedakaco, ai Seni Ze. Semdeg mowafes uTxra: ai

dedaSeni. da im saaTidan mowafem TavisTan waiyvana mariami.

dRis Tormet saaTze, romelsac Zvelad `meeqvse Jams~ uwodebdnen

wyvdiadma moicva mTeli qveyana da ase gagrZelda sam saaTamde (mecxre

Jamamde) dabnelda mze.

sam saaTze xmamaRla SehRaRada iesom –

- eli, eli, lama sabaTqani (RmerTo Cemo, RmerTo Cemo, ratom

mimatove).

Semdeg ki Tqva - mwyuria (winaswarmetyvelebis aRsasruleblad).

iq mdgomma gaigo es da Tqva: elias uxmobs. erTma mxedarma aiRo

Rrubeli, ZmriT gaJRinTa da lerwamze wamoago da asmevda mas, sxvebi ki

ambobdnen: moicaT, vnaxoT, mova Tu ara elia mis dasaxsnelad (maTe, 27:49).

roca iesom miiRo Zmari, Tqva:

- aRsrulda!

xolo Semdeg xmamaRla SeRaRada da Tqva:

- mamao Sens xels vabareb Cems suls – daxara Tavi da am sityvebiT

ganuteva suli.

amis Tqma iyo da iZra miwa, daskdnen kldeebi, Seirya taZari da

zemodan qvemomde, Sua Caixa taZris farda, es iyo kretsabmeli, romelic

75

mnaxvelis Tvalidan faravda wmindaTa wmindas, da ai, pirvelad yvelas

Tvalwin gamoCnda iqamde yvelasTvis dafaruli adgili taZrisa.

ganixvnen saflavni da wmida gansvenebulTa gvamebi aRdgnen. xolo

rodesac ixiles miwisZvra da yoveli is, rac moxda, asisTavi da masTan

erTad iesos modarajeni Zlian SeSindnen da Tqves:

- WeSmaritad RmerTis Ze iyo igi.

- WeSmaritad es kaci marTali iyo. xalxi, romelmac ixila yvelaferi

mjiRiscemiT brundebodnen ukan.

aq iyvnen dedakacebi, romlebic Soridan umzerdnen, maT Soris mariam

magdalineli, iakob mciris deda mariami da salome zebedes ZeTa deda,

isini galileadanve misi mimdevrebi iyvnen da emsaxurebodnen mas, mravali

sxvac iyo maTTan erTad ierusalimidan amosulebi.

saRamovdeboda, male SabaTi paseqisa dadgeboda – didi dRe – amasTan

dakavSirebiT, SabaTs rom gvamebi jvarze ar darCeniliyo iudevelebma

sTxoves pilates, maTTvis wvivebi daemtvriaT da CamoeRoT.

movidnen jariskacebi da iesos gverdiT jvarcmulebs wvivebi

daumtvries, erTsac da meoresac, roca iesosTan mividnen, dainaxes, rom

ukve momkvdariyo ar daumtvries wvivebi. magram erTma jariskacma mas SubiT

gaugmira gverdi da maSinve wamouvida sisxli da wyali. es moxda raTa

aRsrulebuliyo werili: misi Zvali ar daimtvreva (io, 19:36).

mwuxris Jams movida mdidari arimaTieli kaci, saxelad iosebi,

romelic agreTve iesos mowafe iyo. mivida igi pilatesTan da gamoiTxova

iesos sxeuli.

pilates gaukvirda, rom ukve mokvda, dauZaxa asisTavs da hkiTxa: didi

xania mokvda? pasuxis mosmenis Semdeg gvami aCuqa iosebs – warCinebul

mrCevels, keTilsa da samarTlians. is sinedrionis wevri iyo, magram ar

monawileobda maT TaTbirsa da maTs saqmeSi. Tavadac moeloda RmerTis

sasufevels.

iosebma iyida tilo da avida golgoTaze. movida nikodimosic, winaT

rom RamiT mivida iesosTan da miutana as litramde smirnisa da aloes

narevi.

aiRes da Seaxvies iesos gvami tiloSi surnelTan erTad, rogorc

miRebulia iudevelTa Soris damarxvisas.

daasvenes is iosebis axal samarxSi, romelic kldeSi gamoekveTa mas.

iqve jvarcmis adgilTan axlos baRSi. am axal samarxSi aravin yofila

Casvenebuli. iq Caasvenes ieso iudevelTa paraskevis gamo, radgan axlo iyo

samarxi. aq iyo mariam magdalineli da meore mariami. isini samarxis win

Camojdnen.

76

didi SabaTi – 8 aprili 30 wlis

maxarebeli maTe wers: `meore dRe, romelic mosdevs paraskevs,

Seikribnen mRvdelmTavarni pilates karze da Tqves: batono, gagvaxsenda,

rom macdurma sicocxleSi Tqva: sami dRis Semdeg aRvsdgebio, maS brZane

mesame dRemde udarajon samarxs, raTa misi mowafeebi ar mividnen RamiT ar

moiparon igi da uTxran xalxs: mkvdreTiT aRsdgao. da ukanaskneli sicrue

pirvelze uaresi iqneba.

uTxra maT pilatem: darajni Tqvena gyavT, wadiT da udarajeT

rogorc iciT.

isinic wavidnen. samarxis dasacavad dabeWdes lodi da daraji

dauyenes~ (maTe 27:62-66).

unda vifiqroT, rom iudevelebi pilatesTan mividnen SabaTs diliT,

Semdeg wavidnen da dabeWdes saflavi, e.i. saflavSi naxes sxeuli iesosi,

Semdeg ki daraji miuyenes dabeWdil karebs. darajs sami dRis manZilze

unda daecva is. SabaTis CaTvliT, kidev ori dRe, anu samSabaTamde. unda

vifiqroT rom SabaTsa da kviras axlad dayenebuli modarajeni

gansakuTrebiT fxizlad darajobdnen saflavs. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom

mRvdelmTavarni da farisevelni ar moeridnen SabaTis uqmis darRvevas,

roca maT es dasWirdaT, da am dRes iesos saflavis irgvliv saqmianobdnen

- macxovris sxeulis dasacavad.

aRdgoma (30 wlis 9 aprili) da amaRleba

paseqis SabaTi, didad miCneuli iudevelTa Soris, aravis daurRvevia,

iesos saflavTan aravin misula. `xolo SabaTis damlevs, kviris pirveli

dRis ganTiadisas, movida mariam magdaleli da meore mariamic, samarxis

sanaxavad~ (maTe, 28:1) maTTan erTad salomec yofila, samiveni paraskevs

gulmkvdarni umzerdnen Soridan iesos jvarcmas. da, ai, SabaTi gavida Tu

ara iyides maT surnelebani, raTa ecxoT iesos sxeulisaTvis, rogorc amas

ebraelTa pativiT dakrZalvis wesi iTxovda.

samarxTan mzis amosvlisas mividnen, mxolod is aRonebdaT, rom ver

SeZlebdnen kldeSi gamokveTil saflavze miyudebuli lodis gadagorebas,

samarxSi Sesvlas da surnelovani zeTis cxebas sayvareli maswavleblis

sxeulisaTvis, marTalia saflavTan idgnen darajebi, magram maTgan qvis

gadagorebis imedi ar hqondaT. maT arc hqondaT amis ufleba, piriqiT

darajebis survili saflavis karebis gamagreba da iesos sxeulis dacva

iyo.

77

am dros raRac moulodneli da gasaocari raRac moxda: `saSinlad

iZra miwa, vinaidan uflis angelozi CamoeSva zeciT, mivida da gadaagora

samarxis karidan lodi da zed dajda. misi saxe iyo rogorc elva da

samosi misi spetaki, rogorc Tovli. misi SiSiT SeZrwundnen saflavis

mcvelni da mkvdrebs daemsgavsnen~ (maTe., 28:2-4).

qalebma, romlebic iqamde urTierTSoris laparakobdnen Tu vin

gadaugorebdaT lods samarxis karidan, miixedes da dainaxes, rom lodi

gadagorebulia, igi iyo Zalian didi (mark., 16:4). saflavi carieli daxvdaT.

amis Semxedvare mariam magdaleli gaiqca qalaqSi petresa da

ioanesTan. gamoqvabulis siRrmeSi Sesulma sxva qalebma samarxSi ixiles

marjvniv mjdomare angelozi Wabukis saxiT, spetaki samosliT mosili. man

SeSinebul qalebs uTxra - `nu krTebiT! nu eZebT ieso nazarevels,

jvarcmuls, igi aRdga, aq ar aris, ai, adgili sadac is daasvenes. magram

wadiT, uTxariT mis mowafeebs da petres. is Tqvens win midis galileisaken.

iq naxavT mas, rogorc giTxariT Tqven (mark., 16:5-7).

nanaxiT acaxcaxebuli da SeSinebuli qalebi gamovidnen samarxidan

da qalaqisaken gaiqcnen. SeZrwunebulma aravis araferi uTxres.

lukas aRweriT samarxSi Sesul qalebs elvare samosliT mosili ori

kaci daxvdaT, romlebmac Tqves: `rad eZebT cocxals mkvdrebSi? aq aRar

aris, aramed aRdga. gaixseneT ras geubnebodaT Tqven, roca jer kidev

galileaSi iyo: rom Ze kacisa unda mieces codvil kacTa xelSi da jvars

ecvas da mesame dRes aRdges.~ ( luka, 24:6-7).

saflavidan gamobrunebulma qalebma, romelTa Soris aRniSnulTa

garda ioanac da sxvebic yofilan qristes aRdgoma TerTmet mociquls

auwyes, magram maT fuWad moeCvenaT es sityvebi da ar erwmunnen maT

(rogorc es qvemoTac Cans).

amasobaSi petre da ioane, romelTac mariam magdalelma Sestira

`ufali wauRiaTo~ gaiqcnen saflavisaken. moxuc petres gaaswro

axalgazrda ioanem da pirveli mivida samarxTan `daixara da dainaxa

dadebuli tiloebi, magram ar Sevida. mis Semdeg movida simon petrec.

Sevida samarxSi da dainaxa dadebuli tiloebi. sudara Tavze rom hqonda

Semoxveuli, im tiloebTan ki ar ido, aramed calke ido erT adgilas

daxveuli~ (io., 20: 5-7).

petre, ioane da qalebic gaocebulebi iyvnen imiT, rom ver naxes

sxeuli. aqamde fiqradac ar mosvliaT iesos aRdgoma, `aqamde ar icodnen

werilidan, rom igi unda aRmdgariyo~. nanaxiT gaognebulni ukanve

dabrundnen, saflavTan baRSi mxolod mariam magdaleli darCa, is

fiqrobda, rom iesos sxeuli moipares, anda saflavidan gaitanes.

darajebi ki Zalze SeSindnen. am romaelebs iesos sxeulis dacva

hqondaT davalebuli, carieli saflavis xilvisTanave zogierTi maTgani

78

qalaqSi wavida da yvelaferi moaxsenes mRvdelmTavrebs. saswrafod

Seikriba uxucesebisa da mRvdelmTavrebis sabWo. gadawyvites didZali

fuli miecaT jariskacebisaTvis, sanacvlod maT unda eTqvaT, rom iesos

mowafeebi movidnen RamiT moipares igi. Tu es xma miaRwevs mTavramde,

arwmunebdnen isini jariskacebs, Cven davajerebT mas da usiamovnebisagan

gixsniTo. maT aiRes fuli da gaavrceles es xma.

magram qalaqSi saswaulebi xdeboda. aRdgnen micvalebulTa gvamebi

da gamovidnen saflavidan misi aRdgomis Semdeg Sevidnen wmida qalaqSi da

gamoecxadnen mravalT~ ( maTe., 27:53). amitomac qristes aRdgomis

dasajereblad mravali ganewyo.

saflavis karTan baRSi mdgomi mariam magdaleli ki tiroda. misi

sayvareli moZRvari tanjes, mokles, axla ki saflavidanac gaitanes da

mariamma surnelovani zeTi ver scxo mis wminda sxeuls, ver aRasrula

wesi, romelic yoveli micvalebuli ebraelis gasapatiosneblad iyo

dawesebuli, maswavlebeli amis Rirsic ki ar gaxades. gulmduRare `roca

tiroda, samarxTan dixara da xedavs TeTrebSi Semosil or angelozs,

msxdomares erTs TaviT, meores ferxTiT, sadac iesos gvami esvena. uTxres

mas: dedakaco ratom stiri? man miugo: Cemi ufali waiRes da ar vici sad

daasvenes. amis Tqmisas mobrunda ukan da ixila mdgomare ieso, magram ver

icno, rom es ieso iyo. uTxra man iesos: batono Sen waiRe igi miTxari sad

daasvene igi da me waviReb. ieso eubneba mas: mariam! moubrunda da

ebraulad eubneba: rabuni! rac niSnavs: moZRvaro! iesom uTxra mas: ar

Semexo, radgan jer ar avsulvar mamasTan. wadi Cems ZmebTan da uTxari me

avdivar mamaCemTan da mamaTqvenTan Cems RmerTTan da Tqvens RmerTTan.

mariam magdaleli mivida da auwya mowafeebs, rom ixila es da uTxra maT~

(ioane, 20: 11-18). magram ar erwmunnen. sul cota xniT adre ki mowafeebTan

mividnen sxva qalebic, axares aRdgoma da TviT iesosgan danabarebi

sityvebic ki gadasces. maTe wers - `mowafeebis sauwyeblad mimavalT, aha,

Semoxvda ieso da uTxra maT: gixarodeT! xolo isini mividnen, muxlebze

moexvivnen da Tayvani sces mas. maSin uTxra maT iesom: nu geSiniaT, wadiT

auwyeT Cems Zmebs, rom galileas wavidnen, iq mixilaven me~ (maTe, 28:9-10).

kvira dRes qristes mowafe – kleopa da meore, romlis saxeli

ucnobia midiodnen ierusalimis maxloblad mdebare daba emausSi,

mwuxareni qristes vnabasa da sikvdilze didxans msjelobdnen. am

saubrisas maT miuaxlovdaT TviT ieso da daemgzavra, magram maT Tvalebi

dasdgomodaT, ase rom ver icnes igi. markozi wers, rom `rom sxva saxiT

eCvena~ maT macxovari. iesom hkiTxa maT mwuxarebis mizezi. isini swuxdnen

TavianTi sayvareli moZRvris tanjvisa da sikvdilis gamo, magram maT suls

ufro metad tanjavda imedgacrueba, rom maTi moZRvari ar aRmoCnda mesia,

mxsneli, romelic Tavisi Tavis gamocxadebis Semdeg Secvlida dedamiwis

79

saxes da gaTavisuflebul israels msoflioSi kuTvnil adgils

daaWerinebda. amis nacvlad is jvarze acves - `Cven ki imedi gvqonda, rom

swored is iyo visac unda exsna israeli, magram, ai, ukve mesame dRea, rac

es ambavi moxda~ (luka, 24:21).

iesom uTxra maT: `eha, ugunurno da gulmZimeno yovelgvari rwmenis

mimarT, rasac amboben winaswarmetyvelni! gana ase ar unda vnebuliyo

qriste da Sesuliyo Tavis didebaSi?

da mosedan da yvela winaswarmetyvelidan moyolebuli uxsnida maT

rac iTqva misTvis mTel werilSi~ (luka, 24-25-27).

gviani iyo, Ramdeboda magram es ucnobi ar gauSves, Txoves maTTan

darCeniliyo da erTad evaxSmaT. roca dasxdnen, iesom aiRo puri, akurTxa,

gatexa da misca maT. swored am dros aexilaT Tvali orives da icnes ieso,

magram macxovari maSinve gauCinarda – uCinar Seiqmna maTTvis. maSinve

adgnen da ierusalimSi gabrundnen. naxes erTad Sekrebili Tormeti mowafe

da sxvebic maTTan erTad. mowafeebs iudevelebisa eSinodaT da

karCaketilebi iyvnen. isini qristes aRdgomaze laparakobdnen romelsac

ukve mowmeebi hyavda, simon petrec ki. emausis gzidan mobrunebuli ori

mowafe ki mohyva Tu ra SeemTxvaT gzaSi, rogor icnes igi puris gatexisas.

am dros ieso Cadga maT Soris da Tqva:

-mSvidoba Tqvenda. isini SekrTnen da SeZrwundnen, egonaT sulsa

vxedavTo, magram iesom aCvena xelebic da fexebic. `SexedeT Cems xelebsa

da fexebs, es me var TviTon, SemexeT da darwmundiT, radganac suls arc

xorci aqvs da arc Zvlebi me ki rogorc xedavT, maqvs~ gaognebuli

mowafeebis Tvalwin SeWama Semwvari Tevzis naWeri da fiWis Tafli, rom

daejerebina isini da uTxra maT:

-ai, sityvebi, romelTac jer kidev TqvenTan myofi geubnebiT, rom

unda aRsruldes yvelaferi, rac dawerilia CemTvis moses rjulSi da

winaswarmetyvelTa mier fsalmunSi (luka 24:44).

amis mosmenis Semdgom mowafeebs goneba gaexsnaT, rom SeemecnoT

werili da kvlav uTxra: ase daiwera da ase unda vnebuliyo qriste da

mesame dRes aRmdgariyo mkvdreTiT da qadagebuliyo misi saxeliT sinanuli

codvaTa mosateveblad yvela xalxSi ierusalimidan moyolebuli. xolo

Tqven xarT yovelive amis mowmeni. da aha, me mogivlenT mamis Cemis aRTqmas,

xolo Tqven darCiT qalaq ierusalimSi, vidre ar SeimosavT Zalas maRliT

(l. 24-49). kvlav misca mSvidoba da uTxra:

-rogorc me warmomgzavna mamam, me ggzavniT Tqven. es rom Tqva,

STabera da uTxra:

-miiReT suliwminda, visac miutevebT codvebs, mietevebaT, visac

daukavebT, daekavebaT (ioane, 20:23).

80

gavida ramdenime xani, ioanes mixedviT rva dRe. uflis aRdgomiT

gaxarebuli mowafeebi mxolod iesoze saubrobdnen, Tomasac axares: `Cven

vixileT ufali~, erTad Sekrebil mowafeebTan aRdgomili uflis

gamocxadebis dros maTTan ar iyo Toma, amitomac miuxedavad mowafeebis

aRiarebisa, is ar iziarebda maT aRfrTovanebas ar swamda es ambavi da

ambobda: `Tu mis xelebze nalursmebs ar vixilav da nalursmebSi Cems

TiTs ar Cavdeb da mis ferdSi Cems xels – ar viwameb~ (ioane, 20:25).

da ai, erTxel, roca xelisufalTagan SeSinebuli mowafeebi (elodaT

dapatimreba da dasja, rogorc maT meTaurs) kvlav Sin iyvnen Sekrebilebi

da karCaketilSi msjelobdnen – movida ieso, dadga SuaSi da Tqva -

`mSvidoba Tqvenda~ Semdeg Tomas uTxra: `moitane aq Seni TiTi da ixile

xelebi. moitane Seni xeli da Cade Cems ferdSi. urwmuno ki ara, aramed

morwmune iyav~. Tomam uTxra mas pasuxad:

-ufalo Cemo da RmerTo Cemo!

-Sen mirwmune, imitom rom mixile, netar arian aramxilvelni da

morwmuneni~ - miugo iesom. Semdeg usayvedura urwmunoeba da gulqvaoba

maT, romelTac ar irwmunes da ar daijeres maTi, vinc igi ixila aRmdgari.

da uTxra mowafeebs – wadiT mTels qveynierebaze da yovel qmnilebas

uqadageT saxareba. vinc irwmunebs da moinaTleba gadarCeba, xolo vinc ar

irwmunebs msjavrdebuli iqneba. morwmuneebs ki Tan axldeba aseTi niSnebi:

Cemi saxeliT eSmakebs gandevnian, axali enebiT ilaparakeben, gvelebs

aiyvanen da Tundac rame sasikvdilo Sesvan, ar avnebT. avadmyofebs xelebs

daadeben da isini ganikurnebian (mark. 16:14-18).

maleve amis Semdeg TerTmetive mowafe galileas wavida, mTaze, sadac

ubrZana maT iesom (maTe 28:16).

tiberiis tbaze, romelsac zRvas uwodebdnen, rogorc Cveuleba

hqondaT Tevzaobdnen. aq iyvnen simon-petre, Toma-tyubad wodebuli

galileis qalaq kanadan gamosuli naTanaeli, zebedes Zeebi da kidev ori

sxva mowafe. erT dRes erTad gahyvnen saTevzaod simon-petres. Casxdnen

navSi. im Rames veraferi daiWires. gamTeniisas sanapiroze dainaxes kaci, es

iyo ieso, magram ver icnes. iesom uTxra maT - `Svilebo, gaqvT raime

saWmeli? miuges - `ara~. kvlav uTxra: - `isroleT bade navis marjvena

mxares da ipoviT~. marTlac isroles da veRar gamoaTries Tevzis

simravlis gamo: ioanem uTxra petres - `es ufalia~. simon-petrem rom

gaigona, ufaliao, mosasxami moixvia, radgan SiSveli iyo da zRvaSi

gadaeSva. sxvebi naviT gavidnen napirze da Tevzebiani bade gaaTries. magram

maT napirze ukve daxvdaT dawyobili nakverCxlebi, masze dadebuli

Semwvari Tevzi da puri. iesom miiwvia isini sasauzmod. verc erTma ver

gabeda SekiTxva: vin xaro, radgan icodnen, rom es ufali iyo. iesom

miawoda maT puri da Tevzi. es ukve mesamed gamoecxada ieso mowafeebs mas

81

Semdeg, rac mkvdreTiT aRsdga. mowafeebma Tayvani sces mas, xolo zogi

SeeWvda. miuxlovda maT ieso, daelaparaka da uTxra:

- momeca me mTeli xelmwifeba cazedac da miwazedac. wadiT da

aswavleT yvela xalxs da naTeli eciT mamis, Zis da suli wmidis saxeliT.

aswavleT maT daicvan yvelaferi, rac me gibrZaneT da aha, me TqvenTana var

dRemudam, vidre qveynis dasasrulamde (maTe, 28:19-20).

imis Semdeg, rac maT isauzmes iesom uTxra simon-petres

- simon ioanesav, amaTze metad giyvarvar?

- diax ufalo, Sen ici, rom miyvarxar – miugo petrem.

- aZove Cemi kravebi.

simon ioanes Zev, giyvarvar? – kvlav meored SeekiTxa ieso

- diax ufalo, Seni ici, rom miyvarxar – uTxra petrem.

- damwyse cxvari Cemi.

- simon ioanesav, giyvarvar? – mesamed SeekiTxa ieso

- Sen yvelaferi ici, ici, rom miyvarxar – upasuxa mesame SekiTxviT

naRvlianma petrem.

- aZove Cemi cxvari. WeSmaritad, WeSmaritad geubnebi Sen sanam

axalgazrda iyavi Sen TviTon Semoirtyamdi xolme qamars da waxvidodi

sadac gsurda, rodesac moxucdebi gaSli xelebs da sxva Semogartyams

qamars da wagiyvans iq, sadac ar gsurs. am sityvebiT mianiSna petres, Tu

rogori sikvdiliT ganadidebda RmerTs.

- Semomideg me (momyevi) – uTxra Semdeg petres

- ufalo xolo es ra? – SeekiTxa petre ioaneze

- me msurs, rom darCes, sanam me moval, Sen ra? Sen me momyevi miugo

iesom (ioane, 21:22).

amis Semdeg ieso gamoecxada xuTasze met Zmas erTdroulad, romelTa

umravlesoba jer kidev cocxlebi iyvnen, roca mociquli pavle Tavis

epistoleebs werda (I kor. 15:6).

Semdeg gamoecxada iakobs, Semdeg yvela mociquls (I kor. 15:7). ormoc

dRes eCveneboda maT cocxlad, Tavisi tanjvis Semdeg da mouTxrobda maT

RmerTis sasufevelze, Sekriba mociqulebi, romlebic man amoirCia da

ubrZana – nu ganSordebiT ierusalims, aramed daelodeT mamis aRTqmas,

vidre ar SeimosavT Zalas maRliT, ris Sesaxebac Cemgan moismenT. vinaidan

ioane naTlavda wyliT, Tqven ki aramravali dRis Semdeg moinaTlebiT

suliwmindiT.

mowafeebi, romlebic bavSvobidanve aRzrdilni iyvnen suliskveTebiT,

rom mesia aRadgenda israelis saxelmwifos damoukideblobas, ekiTxebod-

nen iesos:

- am dros xom ar aRudgen, ufalo, israelis samefos?

82

- Tqveni saqme ar aris icodeT droebi an vadebi, romelic mamam

daadgina Tavis ZalauflebaSi, aramed Tqven miiRebT Zalas, rodesac mova

suliwminda Tqvenze da iqnebiT Cemi mowmeni ierusalimidan, mTel iudeas,

samariasa da mTeli dedamiwis kidemde (saqme, 1.8-9).

- es rom Tqva, gamoiyvana isini beTaniamde da aRapyro xelni da

akurTxa isini. da kurTxevisas dascilda maT da amaRlda zecad (luka

24:51).

sanam isini uyurebdnen, is iqna ayvanili da Rrubelma maT Tvals

miafara. roca isini Sescqerodnen zecaSi mis aRmavlobas, ai, warudga maT

ori kaci samosiT da uTxres: galilevelo kacebo, ras dgaxarT da

SehyurebT zecas? es ieso, romelic Tqvengan amaRlda zecad, iseve mova,

rogorc zecad aRmavali ixileT (saqme, 1:10:11) xolo maT Tayvani sces da

didi sixaruliT dabrundnen ierusalimSi zeTisxilad wodebuli mTidan

(romelic ierusalimidan axlos beTaniasTanaa) mudam taZarSi iyvnen da

adidebdnen ufals.

ierusalimis saxlis zeda oTaxSi erTad ikribebodnen xolme petre

da ioane, iakobi da andria, filipe da Toma, barTlome da maTe, iakob

alfes Ze, simon moSurne da iuda iakobisa, aqve iyo iesos deda mariami,

sxva qalebi da iesos Zmebi. aqve wilis yriT mociqulad iuda iskariotelis

nacvlad amoirCies mataTia, Caricxes is TerTmet mociqulTan.

ormocdameaTe dRes kvlav erTad iyvnen yvelani. moulodnelad zecidan

xmauri moisma TiTqos Zlierma qarma dahberao da aavso mTeli saxli da

moevlinaT maT gayofili enebi, rogorc cecxlovanni da TiTo TiTod

daedgaT yovel maTgans.

da yvelani aRivsnen suliwmindiT da iwyes laparaki sxva enebze,

rogorc suli aZlevda maT ametyvelebisas.

zeTisxilis mTaze amaRlebamde ieso, rogorc iTqva 40 dRis

ganmavlobaSi eCveneboda Tavis mociqulebs da sxva mowafeebs, amtkicebda

maT sarwmunoebas. isinic iesos aRdgomas axarebdnen adamianebs, es iyo

swored `saxareba~ anu gasaxarebeli ambavi, romelmac safuZveli daudo

axal msoflio sarwmunoebas, rom ar momxdariyo qristes aRdgoma misi

jvarcmiT da mokvliT SeSinebuli moswavleebi gaifantebodnen da maT

gulSi Caqreboda rwmena iesosi, rogorc mesiisa da mxsnelis mimarT.

aRdgomam kvlav Sehkra eWvmoreuli mowafeebi, piriqiT, maTi eWvi iqca

sarwmunoebad, uZlevel rwmenad, romlisTvisac Tavs debdnen da sicocxles

swiravdnen, aRdgomis Semdgom dafuZnda qristes eklesia, romelsac ver

erevian jojoxeTis bWeni, rameTu sal kldeze, mtkice rwmenaze dgas.

aRdgomis Semdgom macxovari cdilobda SeSinebuli moswavle-

ebisaTvis eCvenebina, rom is ar aris suli, rom aRsdga Tavisi sxeuliT,

magram ara mSvinvieri saxiT, aramed sulier safexurze asuli. es iyo

83

sruli gardasaxva sxeulisa da ara Zvel cxovrebasTan dabruneba. is

Wamda Tavis mowafeebTan, aCvenebda naWrilobevs, magram SeeZlo daxurul

oTaxSi Sesvla da gauCinareba, man ukve ar icoda winaaRdgoma da

SezRudva, romelic axasiaTebs uxeS materias. misi saxe (gamosaxuleba)

zogjer ise icvleboda, rom moswavleebi uceb ver cnobdnen. mxolod xmiTa

da nacnobi JestiT aqarvebda maT eWvs. qristes aRdgoma moaswavebs, rom

sikvdilis Semdgom aRsdgeba yoveli adamiani, moxdeba sayovelTao aRdgoma,

amitomac weria mrwamsSi - `moveli aRdgomas mkvdreTiT~.

mkvdreTiT aRdgoma moxdeba sxeuliT, iseve rogorc sxeuliT aRsdga

qriste. es imas niSnavs, rom mkvdreTiT aRdgomisas sxeuli iqneba iseTive,

rogoric axla aris, magram eqneba axali Tvisebani: sxeuli iqneba

ganuxrwneli, ukvdavi e.i. sxeuli Seimoseba uxrwnelobiTa da ukvdavebiT,

ar ecodineba sneuleba, tkivili, uZlureba, ar endomeba kveba, ar igrZnobs

daRlas, ar dasWirdeba Zili, dasveneba.

mkvdreTiT aRdgomili sxeulebi iqnebian sulierni da ara

mSvinvierni, rogorc axla. sxeuli Seiqmneba sulis morCil iaraRad, axla

ki piriqiTaa, sxeuli, anu xorci imorCilebs suls da batonobs masze.

didebis sasufevelSi suli ibatonebs ukve didebis gvirgviniT Semosil

sxeulze magram aseT saxes adamiani miiRebs mxolod qristes meored

mosvlis Semdeg sayovelTao aRdgomis Jams, roca marTalnic da

codvilnic, morwmunenic da urwmunonic erTsa da imave dros aRsdgebian.

amave dros, rogorc cnobilia ganaxldeba qveyniereba, bunebac

ganTavisufldeba adamianis pirvelqmnili codvis Sedegis gavlenisagan,

ganaxldeba, Seiqmneba uxrwneli da codvisa aRara SerCeba ra.

ai, ras ambobs mociquli amis Sesaxeb:

`Tu qristeze iqadageba, rom is aRsdga mkvdreTiT, rogorRa ambobs

zogierTi Tqvengani, rom ar aris mkvdreTiT aRdgoma? mkvdreTiT aRdgoma

Tu ar aris, qristec ar aRmdgara, xolo qriste Tu ar aRmdgara Cveni

qadagebac fuWia da fuWia Tqveni rwmenac. maSin Cven viqnebiT RmerTze cru

mowmeni, radgan davamowmebdiT RmerTze, rom man aRadgina qriste, romelic

ar aRudgenia, Tu marTlac ar aRdgebian mkvdrebi. vinaidan Tu mkvdrebi ar

aRdgebian, arc qriste aRmdgara, xolo Tu qriste ar aRdga Tqveni rwmena

fuWia da kvlav Tqvens codvebSi xarT, maSin isinic daRupulan, vinc

qristeSi ganisvena da Tu Cven mxolod am cxovrebaSi varT qristes

moimedeni, yvela adamianze sacodavi varT, magram mkvdreTiT aRsdga qriste,

gansvenebulTa pirmSo, vinaidan, rogorc kacis mier movida sikvdili, aseve

kacis mier mkvdreTiT aRdgoma, vinaidan, rogorc adamianSi kvdeba yvela,

aseve gacocxldebian qristeSi . . . magram ityvis vinme, rogor aRsdgebian

mkvdrebi da romel sxeulSi movlen? ugunurno! rasac daTesav, ar

gacocxldeba, Tu ar mokvda da roca daTesav im sxeuls ki ar Tesav,

84

romelic iqneba, aramed SiSvel marcvals - xorblisas, ara romelime sxvas.

xolo RmerTi aZlevs mas sxeuls, rogorc nebavs – TiToeul Tesls Tavis

sxeuls... aseve mkvdreTiT aRdgomac, iTeseba xrwniT da aRsdgeba

uxrwnelobiT. iTeseba damcirebiT da aRsdgeba didebiT, iTeseba

uZlurebiT da aRsdgeba ZaliT, iTeseba mSvinvieri sxeuli da aRsdgeba

sulieri sxeuli, aris mSvinvieri sxeuli da aris sulieri sxeuli, asec

weria: pirveli adamiani gaxda cocxal mSvinvierad, xolo ukanaskneli

adami – macocxlebel sulad. pirveli adamiani miwisganaa, miwieri, xolo

meore adamiani - cisagan~ (Ikor. 15: 12-49).

ciuri adamiani – mxolod qristes meored mosvlis Semdeg

moevlineba samyaros, manamde ki adamianTa gardacvalebis Semdeg suli

ganSordeba xorcs, xorci iqceva miwad, suli ki ganagrZobs sicocxles.

magram sulis es sicocxle sxvadasxvanairia. marTalTa sulni grZnoben

netarebis garkveul raodenobas, codvilTa sulebi ki tanjvis garkveul

raodenobas maT amqveyniuri cxovrebis Sesabamisad. anu sulis es

mdgomareoba ar aris saboloo, amitomac is arc srul netarebas ganicdis

da arc srul tanjvas. sulisaTvis romelime mdgomareobis micema xdeba

`kerZo gankiTxvisas~.

rogorc cnobilia `sazogado gankiTxva~ moxdeba soflis aRsasrulis

Jams, qristes meored mosvlisas. manamde ki micvalebuli adamianis suls

elodeba kerZo gankiTxva, sikvdilisTanave zogs samoTxe da abraamis wiaRi

elis, sxvebs ki, romelTac ver moaswres monanieba codvebisa, Sesabamisi

sasjeli, magram am ukanasknelTa gaTavisufleba SeiZleba codvebisagan

eklesiis locviT, qristes saSineli gansjis Semdeg suli ukve miiRebs

saboloo mdgomareobas. marTalni _ saukuno netarebas, codvilni saukuno

tanjvas. arc saukuno netareba iqneba yvelasaTvis erTnairi da arc

saukuno tanjva, aramed Sesabamisi maTi saqmeebisadmi. (saqmeTa misTaebr).

netarebas suli RmerTTan siaxloviT miaRwevs. risganac

ganuviTardebaT yovelgvari niWi, marTalni dauaxlovdebian wmindanebs,

angelozebs. ganaxlebuli buneba adamianisa netarebis wyarod iqceva.

gansxvavebul mdgomareobaTa miuxedavad marTalni kmayofilni iqnebian

TavianTi saukuno xvedrisa. swored es iqneba `cxovreba mermisa mis

saukunessa~, romelic wams yvela morwmunes `mrwamsis~ Tanaxmad.

aRsaniSnavia isic, rom sikvdilis Semdgomi sasamarTlo, wardgoma

winaSe RvTisa da amqveyniuri cxovrebis Sesabamisad imqveyniuri

mdgomareobis mopoveba, swamda kacobriobis yvela tomsa da xalxs

yovelTvis yovel droSi, ganviTarebis yovel safexurze, velur tomTa

saxiT cxovrebisas Tu civilizebulT.

`xolo mkvdrebi rom aRdgebian, amis Sesaxeb mosemac miuTiTa, mayvlis

buCqze, rodesac ufals uwoda RmerTi abrahamisa, da RmerTi isaakisa da

85

RmerTi iakobisa, xolo RmerTi mkvdrebisa ki ara, aramed cocxlebisaa,

vinaidan misTvis yvela cocxalia~ - ambobda macxovari (luka 20: 37-38).

`Tu TqvenSi imyofeba misi suli, vinc mkvdreTiT aRadgina ieso, maSin

is, vinc qriste ieso aRadgina mkvdreTiT Tqvens mokvdav sxeulebsac

gaacocxlebs Tavisi suliT, romelic TqvenSia damkvidrebuli~ (rom. 8-11).

sikvdili damarcxda, mesiam Tavisi aRdgomiT sZlia mas. is

sicocxlea.

bolosityva

patiosanno da didebulno qarTvelno,

qristesmier sayvarelo Svilno, ukve ori aTasamde welia Cveni

winaprebi Tayvans scemen yovladwmida samebas, Zes RvTisas ieso qristes.

Cveni mamebi iesosadmi siyvaruls gamoxatavdnen palestinasa da

ierusalimSi im wminda adgilebis gansakuTrebuli pativiscemiT, sadac fexi

daudgams Cvens macxovars, sadac iSva ieso qriste, gaizarda, aswavlida,

kurnavda, mkvdreTiT aRadgenda, sadac Cveni codvebisaTvis ineba jvarcma

xolo Semdeg Cveni xsnisaTvis aRdgoma da amaRleba. amis gamoc am wignSi

sagangebod warmovaCine iesos moRvaweobis yoveli adgili saxeldebiTa da

miniSnebiT. gansakuTrebuli yuradRebiT ki Sevecade aRmewera vnebis kviris

yoveli dRe, am dros ierusalimSi iesos mier ganvlili gzebi. yoveli es

wminda adgili saqarTveloSi Zvel drosve iyo cnobili. iq qarTvelebi

agebdnen monastrebs berebisaTvis, sastumroebs saqarTvelodan Casuli

mlocvelTaTvis. ase iyo ukve IV_V saukunidan Tu ufro adridan ara.

dResdReobiT CvenTa codvaTa gamo yovelive dakargulia da ganvlilia.

davkargeT Tu ara monastrebi, grZnobac ki palestina ierusalimis

siwmindeTa siyvarulisa.

ierusalimSi yvela qristian ers aqvs monastrebi, sastumroebi, moxuc

piligrimTa (mlocvelTa) saxlebi.

amJamad, saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis aRdgenis Semdgom, kvlav

Cveni dro modis, kvlav unda SeiZras qristianuli suli qarTvelobisa,

ierusalimSi unda aRorZindes qarTuli kerebi, kvlav unda ilocon

qarTvelebma wminda miwasTan `erTobili~ saqarTvelosaTvis.

amisTvis sasurvelia Cveni piradi wvliliT SevewioT am wminda saqmes,

davaarsoT `ierusalimis saZmo~, anu berebis, monazvnebis, morCilebis,

morwmuneebis, inteleqtualebis, mamuliSvilebis sakrebulo, romlis

saboloo mizani iqneba palestina – ierusalimSi qarTuli kerebis

aRorZineba, manamde ki ierusalimSi qarTvelTa saxlis daarseba, iq

salocavad Casuli qarTvelebis daxmareba, (ruseTis `palestinis

sazogadoeba~ gasuli saukunidan arsebobs. es mZlavri organizacia

86

exmareba ruseTidan wminda miwaze misul piligrimebs, aqvs mTels

palestinaSi centrebi).

male gaixsneba Cveni qveynis sazRvrebi, mravali qarTveli gava

ucxoeTSi, maT sulieri mzrunveli dasWirdebaT, aseve mravali

gaemgzavreba wminda adgilebis mosalocad, maTac daxmareba dasWirdebaT.

jvris monastersa da ucxoeTSi arsebul sxva qarTul centrebs

saqarTveloSi hqondaT mamulebi, saxlebi, duqnebi. am monastrebis

aRorZinebamde xsenebulma `ierusalimis saZmom~ saqarTveloSi unda

SeiZinos an saxelmwifosagan miiRos qoneba, amravlos saxsrebi, romelsac

Semdgom moaxmars qarTvel mlocvelebs ucxoeTSi.

me piradad siamovnebiT Seval `ierusalimis saZmoSi~ viTarca erTi

rigiTi morCili Zma _ episkoposi anania jafariZe.

axalcixe. 21.10.92

sarCevi

Soba qristesi

gancxadeba uflisa

msaxureba qveynierebis gadasarCenad

mzadeba gamosyidvisaTvis

vnebis Svideuli

bzobis kvira

didi orSabaTi

didi samSabaTi

didi oTxSabaTi

didi xuTSabaTi

didi paraskevi

didi SabaTi

aRdgoma da amaRleba

bolosityva