saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti

g. jolia

ucxo sityvaTa leqsikoni

registrirebulia stu-s

saredaqcio-sagamomcemlo

sabWos mier

Tbilisi

2008

uak 413

saqarTveloSi ucxo sityvebis ganmartebiTi leqsiko-nebis mdidari tradicia arsebobs. am saqmeSi fasdau-debeli wvlili miuZRvis b-n m. WabaSvils, romlis funda-menturma naSromma mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula mrava-li Taobis ganaTlebis saqmeSi. garda amisa, ukanasknel wlebSi gamoica mravali dargobrivi (diplomatiuri, eko-nomikuri, iuridiuli, sabaJo da sxv.) leqsikoni da enciklopedia. zogierTi avtori Tavis wignSive gvaZlevs im ucxo sityvebis mniSvnelobaTa ganmartebebs, romlebic maT naSromebSi gvxvdeba da sxv. miuxedavad amisa, am sferoSi ukmarisoba mainc Seim-

Cneva, radgan Cvens swrafadcvalebad garemoSi ucxo sityvebis gavrcelebisa da axali terminebis damkvidrebis procesi Zalze swrafia da dinamiuri, rac modunebis saSualebas ar iZleva. arsebuli qarTuli da ucxouri leqsikonebis masalaTa

SejerebiT, aseve saerTaSoriso da saqarTvelos uaxlesi kanondeblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT, mocemulia ucxouri warmoSobis 1200-mde sityvis qarTuli Sesatyvis-ganmar-tebebi. leqsikoni gaTvaliswinebulia mkiTxvelTa farTo wri-

saTvis.

Semdgeneli stu-s sruli profesori guram jolia redaqtorebi: stu-s sruli profesori evgen baraTaSvili stu-s sruli profesori igor kveselava stu-s asistent-profesori zviad rogava recenzenti sruli profesori guram nakaiZe

© sagamomcemlo saxli ,,teqnikuri universiteti’’, 2008

ISBN 978-9941-14-237-6 http://www.gtu.ge/publishinghouse/

yvela ufleba daculia. am wignis arc erTi nawili (iqneba es teqsti, foto,

ilustracia Tu sxva) aranairi formiT da saSualebiT (iqneba es eleqtronuli Tu

meqanikuri), ar SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas gamomcemlis werilobiTi nebarTvis

gareSe.

saavtoro uflebebis darRveva isjeba kanoniT.

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diplomatiuri, ekonomikuri, iuridiuli da politikuri ucxo sityvebis leqsikoni

a

abandoni [frang. abandon _ uari] _ 1. uflebis daTmoba an procesis gagrZelebaze uaris Tqma. qonebis damzRvevi piris uari dazRveuli qonebis uflebaze, aseve misi uflebis gadacema mzRvevelisaTTvis im mizniT, rom misgan srulad miiRos dazRveuli Tanxa. abolicia [laT. abolitio _

gauqmeba, mospoba] _ (samarT.). 1. kanonis an gadawyvetilebis gauqmeba. 2. Tanamdebobidan gadadgoma an gadayeneba; Tanam-debobis gauqmeba. 3. sisxlis samarTlis saqmis Sewyveta iseT stadiaSi, roca braldeba iuridiulad daudgenelia. abrogacia [laT. abrogatio] _

(samarT.). moZvelebuli kanonis gauqmeba. absenteizmi [laT. absens

(absentis) _ vinc ar eswreba] _ mosaxleobis gulgrili damo-kidebuleba politikuri cxov-rebisadmi, misTvis Tavis ari-deba; gacdena. absolutizmi [laT. Absolu-

tus _ ueWveli] _ politikuri Teoria; saxelmwifo mmarTve-lobis forma erTi piris _ monarqis xelSi. absolucia [laT. absolutio] _

(samarT.). sasamarTlos dadge-

nileba, romliTac braldebu-li sasjelisgan Tavisufl-deba. agenti [laT. agens (agentis) _

moqmedi] _ Suamavali, rwmune-buli; piri, romelic warmoad-gens kompanias an sxva pirs kontraqtebTan dakavSirebul saqmeebSi. agitacia [laT. agitatio _

moZraobaSi moyvana] _ (polit.). propaganistuli qmedeba xalx-Ta politikuri aqtivobis asa-maRleblad. agremani [frang. agrement _

Tanxmoba] _ (dipl.). erTi saxelmwifos mTavrobis Tanx-moba, miiRos Tavis qveyanaSi meore saxelmwifos diploma-tiuri warmomadgeneli. agresia [laT. aggresio _

Seteva] _ erTi saxelmwifos SeiaraRebuli Tavdasxma sxva qveynis dasapyrobad. adaptacia [laT. adaptatio] _

Segueba, Sewyoba. adekvati, adekvaturi [laT.

adaequatus] _ (risame) sruli Sesatyvisi, sruli Sesabamisi. adendumi [laT. addo _ vuma-

teb] _ xelSekrulebis (ker-Zod, Carteris, fraxtis) dama-teba, Camateba, romelic cvlis an avsebs ama Tu im pirobas. advaluri baJi [laT. ad

valerem] _ sabaJo gadasaxadis saxeoba, romelic icvleba

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saqonlis sabaJo Rirebulebis Sesabamisad. advokati [laT. advocatus] _

iuristi, romelic gamodis braldebulis damcvelad an awarmoebs visime saqmes sasa-marTloSi; veqili. administracia [laT.

administratio _ marTva] _ mTav-roba; warmoebis mmarTvelobis organo; xelmZRvaneloba; mar-Tvis aparati. adresanti [germ. adresant] _

tvirTis gamgzavni. adresati [germ. adressat] _

gagzavnili tvirTis mimRebi. avanzali [frang. avant _ wina

da salle _ darbazi] _ (dipl.). did SenobebSi, sasaxleebSi: momcro darbazi, oTaxi mTa-vari darbazis win. avansi [frang. avance] _

(finans.). misaRebi Tanxis nawili, romelsac winaswar uxdian visme Sesasrulebeli samuSaos angariSSi. averaJi [ingl. averagang _

gasaSualeba] _ sabirJo Tama-Sis strategia, romelic iTva-liswinebs Tanamimdevruli drois garkveul SualedSi aqciebis yidva-gayidvas kursis cvlilebis Sesabamisad. aversi [frang. avers _ saxiT

mobrunebuli] _ monetis, med-lis wina mxare. (sapirisp. reversi). avTentikuri teqsti [berZ.

authentikos _ TviTmyofi] _ (dipl.). xelSekrulebis namd-vili, sarwmuno, dednis Sesaba-

misi teqsti, Sesrulebuli yvela formaluri mxaris dacviT da xelmowerili uflebamosili pirebis mier. avizo [ital. avviso _ Setyo-

bineba] _ (finans.). uwyeba, romliTac atyobineben mimRebs misTvis fulis, Tamasuqis an saqonlis gagzavnas. avista [ital. avista _ war-

dgenisTanave] _ (ekon.). warmo-madgenlis Tamasuqi, gacemuli gadasaxdelis vadis miuTiTeb-lad, nebismier dros gasanaR-debeli. avtarqia [berZ. autarkeia _

TviTdakmayofileba] _ (po-lit.). ekonomikuri gancalke-vebulobis politika, romel-sac atarebs qveyana, regioni; Caketili ekonomikuri poli-tika. avtokratia [berZ. Auto-

krateia] _ (polit.). qveynis marTvis iseTi sistema, roca mTeli umaRlesi Zalaufleba erTi piris xelSia moqceuli. avtonomia [berZ. autonomia] _

(polit.). romelime qveynis, mxa-ris, olqis ufleba _ hqondes sakuTari TviTmmarTveloba. avtoritaruli [frang.

autoritaire _ mbrZanebluri < laT.] _ (polit.). avtoriteti-sadmi, xelisuflebisadmi usi-tyvo morCilebaze damyarebu-li mmarTveloba. avuari [frang. avoir _ qoneba]

_ (finans.). fizikuri piris (dawesebulebis) anabari ucxo-eTis bankSi.

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aklamacia [laT. acclamatio _ wamoZaxeba] _ (polit., dipl.). gadawyvetilebis miRebis meTo-di. gvxvdeba saerTaSoriso organizaciebisa da konferen-ciebis muSaobis praqtikaSi; Tanxmobis an uaryofis dasturi. akrediteba, akreditebuli

[laT. accredo _ vendobi] _ 1. (dipl.). ucxo saxelmwifoSi elCis daniSvnisa da misi uflebamosilebis cnoba. 2. (finans.). vinmesTvis rwmunebis micema fulis misaRebad an savaWro operaciis sawarmoeb-lad. a-konto [ital. a conto _

gadasaxdelis angariSi] _ importioris winaswari anga-riSgeba eqsportiorTan gayi-dul saqonelze angariSebis ganaRdebis gziT. akreditivi [laT. accredo _

vendobi] _ 1. (dipl.). rwmunebis sigeli; dokumenti, romelic adasturebs diplomatiuri warmomadgenlis rwmunebas. 2. (finans.). bankis fuladi val-debuleba, romelSic mocemu-lia davaleba fizikuri an iuridiuli pirisaTvis gansaz-Rvruli raodenobis fulis gadaxdis Sesaxeb dokumentSi miTiTebuli pirobebis Sesaba-misad. aliansi [frang. alliance] _

(ekon., polit.). ramdenime organizaciis, sawarmos, piris kavSiri da, rogorc wesi, saerTaSoriso gaerTianeba xelSekrulebis safuZvelze.

alibi [ingl. alibi] _ (samarT.). argumenti, rom dana-SaulSi eWvmitanili sadRac sxvagan iyo danaSaulis Cadenis momentSi. alienacia [ingl. alienation] _

(ekon.). 1. qonebis gasxviseba. 2. (samarT.). aqciis, kapitalis an sxva faseulobis mflobe-lis Secvla. alonJi [frang. allonge _

zesadgmeli] _ (finans.). Tama-suqze mimagrebuli damatebiTi furceli, romelzedac keT-deba warwera. alternati [laT. alternus _

rigrigobiTi] _ (dipl.). saer-TaSoriso xelSekrulebis Sedgenisa da xelmoweris wesi, romlis Tanaxmad TiToeuli mxaris dedanSi pirvel adgil-zea am mxaris enaze Sedgenili xelSekrulebis teqsti, mxaris dasaxeleba, misi warmomad-genelis xelmowera da beWedi. alternativa [laT. alternus _

rigrigobiTi] _ 1. saerTa-Soriso samarTalSi: xelSem-kvrel mxareTa dasaxelebis, xelmowerisa da beWdis dasmis Tanamimdevroba xelSekrule-baSi. 2. ekonomikuri qcevis erT-erTi varianti. 3. mmar-TvelobiTi gadawyvetileba, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba sxva variants. 4. ori SesaZleb-lobidan erTi. altruizmi [frang. altruisme]

_ (zneobr.). kacTmoyvareoba, sxvaze uangaro zrunva.

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ambasadori [ingl. Ambassa-dor] _ (dipl.). elCi. amnistia [berZ. amnēstia _

daviwyeba, patieba] _ (samarT.). msjavrdadebulis Sewyaleba: sasjelis moxsna an Semsu-buqeba. amortizacia [laT. Amorti-

satio _ gadaxda] _ (ekon.). eqs-pluataciis gamo aqtivebis (ZiriTadad, teqnikis) Rirebu-lebis Semcireba. analizi [berZ. analysis _

daSla] _ movlenebisa da procesebis mecnieruli kvlevis erT-erTi meTodi. analogi [berZ. analogos _

Sesatyvisi] _ (ekon., samarT.). rac warmoadgens ramesTan Sesabamisobas, srul msgav-sebas da iZleva analogiis safuZvels. anaqronizmi [frang. Ana-

chronisme] _ 1. qronologiuri Seusabamoba; 2. Zveli gadmo-naSTi, romelic ar Seesabameba Tanamedrove moTxovnebs, Sexe-dulebebsa da Cveulebebs. anarqia [berZ. anarchia _

umTavroboba, areuloba] _ (polit., samarT.). qaosi, sru-li uwesrigoba. anarqizmi _ (polit.).

saxelmwifoebrivi xelisufle-bis uaryofa; rwmena imisa, rom ar unda arsebobdes mTavroba da saxelmwifos mier adamia-nebis kontroli. angaJementi [frang. Engage-

ment _ valdebuleba, daqira-

veba] _ (ekon., samarT.). valde-bulebis dakisreba. angaria [berZ. angareia] _

(ekon., samarT.). ucxoelTa moZ-ravi qonebis (kerZod, gemis) CamorTmeva. anderlaingi [ingl. Under-

laying] _ (finans). fasiani qaRaldi, romelic safuZvlad udevs ofcions. masze arse-bobs yidva-gayidvis ufleba ofcionuri kontraqtis piro-bebis Sesabamisad. anderraiteri [ingl. Under-

writer _ xelis momweri] _ (finans.). fasiani qaRaldebis operaciebis makleri. aneqsia [laT. annexio _

SeerTeba] _ (polit.). erTi saxelmwifos mier meoris (an misi nawilis) ZalmomreobiT mierTeba, dapyroba. anklavi [frang. enclave _

miwa-daqsaqsuloba] _ saxel-mwifos saxmeleTo teritoriis gancalkevebuli nawili, ro-melsac gars akravs sxva saxelmwifos (saxelmwifoTa) teritoria da sazRvao napiri ara aqvs. anomalia [berZ. anomalia _

uswormasworoba] _ (samarT.). kanonzomierebis darRveva; saerTo wesisagan gadaxveva. antagonizmi [berZ. Antagō-

nisma _ brZola] _ (polit.). mxareTa Seurigebeli dapiris-pireba. antisemitizmi [frang.

Antisemitisme] _ (polit.). xelov-

7

nurad Seqmnili ideologia ebraelTa siZulvilis Sesaxeb. antimilitarizmi [berZ. anti

_ winaaRmdeg da laT. Militaris _ samxedro] _ (polit.). so-cialurad gansxvavebul ZalTa moZraoba, gaerTianebuli erov-nuli, regionuli da globa-luri niSniT, saxelmwifoTa-Soriso konfliqtebSi winaaRm-degobaTa gadasaWrelad. antitrastuli [ingl. anti-

trust] _ (samarT.). antimonopo-liuri; iuridiuli aqtebi (qme-debebi), rac winaaRmdegobas uwevs monopoliebs da aregu-lirebs konkurencias. anulireba [ingl. annulling] _

(samarT.). gauqmeba an SeCereba imisa, rasac samarTlebrivi Zala aqvs; raimes Zalada-kargulad cnoba. apagonia [berZ. apagōgē _

daskvna] _ (samarT.). sawinaaR-mdego debulebis SeuZleblo-baze damyarebuli mtkiceba. aparteidi [afrikaansis ena-

ze apartheid _ calke cxovreba] _ (polit.). saxelmwifo poli-tika, romelic rasobrivi niS-niT sxvadasxva uflebriv mdgomareobaSi ayenebs mosax-leobis rig jgufebs. apatridi [berZ. a _ (uary.

naw.) da patris _ samSoblo] _ (samarT.). `usamSoblo~, qveSev-rdomobis, moqalaqeobis sta-tusis armqone piri. apelanti [ingl. appellant] _

(samarT.). momCivani; piri, ro-melsac saCivari Seaqvs umaR-

les sasamarTloSi, rom Seic-valos gadawyvetileba an gana-Ceni, romelic dabali instant-ciis sasamarTlom gamoitana. apelacia [laT. appellatio _

mimarTva] _ (samarT.). sasamarT-los ganaCenis gasaCivreba umaRles instanciaSi, romel-sac ufleba aqvs arsebiTad gadasinjos saqme da gamoita-nos Tavisi gadawyvetileba. aplikanti [ingl. aplicant] _

(ekon., samarT.). risame (samsaxu-ris, sasamarTlosadmi gadaw-yvetilebis gamotanis da sxv.) mTxovneli. apolitizmi [berZ. a uary.

maCvenebeli da politika] _ nega-tiuri, indiferentuli, gulg-rili damokidebuleba politi-kuri cxovrebisadmi (ix. agreT-ve absenteizmi). apolitikuri [berZ. Apoliti-

kos _ vinc saxelmwifo saqmeeb-Si ar monawileobs] _ sazoga-doebriv-politikur saqmiano-baze Tavis arideba. apologia [berZ. apologia] _

visime an risame dacva, gamar-Tleba. aposteriori _ [laT. a

posterior] _ cdis safuZvelze, faqtobriv monacemebze dafuZ-nebuli dokumenti. (sapirisp. apriori). apriori [laT. a prior] _

cdisgan damoukideblad, cdis gareSe, imTaviTve. (sapirisp. aposteriori). aprobacia [laT. approbatio _

mowoneba] _ Semowmebis Sede-

8

gad oficialurad gamoxatuli dasturi. apropriacia [laT. Approp-

riatio] _ (samarT.). umetesad uZ-ravi qonebis miTviseba, dauf-leba. aJio [laT. aggio _ gadame-

teba] _ (finans.). safondo bir-Jebze fasiani qaRaldebis (aqciebi, Tamasuqebi, obligaci-ebi da sxv.) gayidvis fasis gadameteba Cveulebriv maT nominalur RirebulebasTan SedarebiT. (sapirisp. dizaJio). aJiotaJi [frang. agiotage _

aRgzneba] _ (ekon.). sabazro cieb-cxeleba, ganpirobebuli koniunqturis, miwodebisa da moTxovnis, saqonlis fasebisa da sxvaTa mkveTri cvlilebis gamo. arbitraJi [frang. arbitrage] _

(samarT., ekon.). 1. samediatoro sasamarTlo; saqmis garCeva samediatoro wesiT. 2. komer-ciuli saqmianoba, romelic xorcieldeba sxvadasxva baz-rebze erTnairi sabirJo obi-eqtis (fasiani qaRaldebis, saqonlis da sxv.) fasebs So-ris dadebiTi sxvaobis, moge-bis misaRebad. arbitraJi saerTaSoriso _

saerTaSoriso xasiaTis davis mSvidobiani gadawyvetis erT-erTi saSualeba, romelic iqmneba modave mxareTa mier da Sesasruleblad savaldebulo gadawyvetilebebs iRebs. arbitri [frang. arbitre] _

(ekon., samarT.). mediatori, msa-juli, Suamavali.

argumenti [laT. argumentum _ mtkiceba] _ (ekon., samarT.). raime debulebis dasamtkiceb-lad moyvanili sabuTi. argumentacia [laT. Argu-

menttation] _ mtkiceba, dasabu-Teba. areali [laT. area _ moedani]

_ teritoria, romlis sazRv-rebSi SeiniSneba mxolod misTvis damaxasiaTebeli mov-lenebi da niSnebi. arenda [polon. arenda] _ 1.

(samarT.). uZravi qonebis droebiT daqiraveba xelSekru-lebis dadebiT; ijara. 2. (finans.). gadasaxadi aseTi xelSekrulebis mixedviT. arendatori _ (samarT.).

piri, romelsac ijariT aqvs rame aRebuli; moijare. aristokratia [berZ. Aris-

tokratia] _ (polit.). gabatone-buli klasis privilegiuri fena. aristokratiuli _ aris-tokratiasTan dakavSirebuli; sazogadoebis umaRlesi kla-sis warmomadgenlebi, Tavadaz-nauruli titulis mqone pire-bi (mag., lordi, hercogi da a.S.). arqaizmi [berZ. archaos _ Zve-

li] _ (polit.). moZvelebuli movlena, Zveli drois gadmo-naSTi. arqia [berZ. archi _ xeli-

sufleba, mmarTveloba] _ (po-lit.). politikurad organize-buli, xelisuflebis mier mar-Tvadi sazogadoeba, romelic qmnis saxelmwifos.

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asamblea [frang. assemblée _ kreba] _ raime saerTaSoriso organizaciis wevrTa saerTo kreba. mag., gaeros generaluri asamblea. asignacia [frang. assignatio] _

(finans.). qaRaldis fuli. asimilacia [laT. assimilatio]

_ (polit.). erTi xalxis erov-nul TaviseburebaTa moSla da misi gaTqvefa sxva xalxSi. asortimenti [frang. Assor-

timent] _ (ekon.). sxvadasxva saxeobisa da xarisxis saqo-neli. asociacia [laT. associo _

vuerTeb] _ (ekon.). erTi da igive interesebis mqone adami-anebis an organizaciebis gaer-Tianeba, kavSiri. atriaqsi [ingl. Atriax] _

(finans.). eleqtronuli safon-do birJa londonSi. ataSe [frang. attaché] _

(dipl.). 1. specialuri samu-Saos Semsrulebeli piri saelCoSi sazRvargareT. mag., samxedro ataSe. 2. yvelaze dabali diplomatiuri rangi. atornei [ingl. attorney] _

(samarT.). rwmunebul-warmomad-geneli. atributi [laT. attributum _

Tviseba, kuTvnileba] _ sagnis an movlenis ZiriTadi, arse-biTi Tviseba; risame damaxasi-aTebeli niSani. audiencia [laT. audientia _

mosmena] _ (dipl.). warCinebuli piris (umetesad saxelmwifos meTauris) mier visime miReba

oficialurad, garkveuli wese-bis dacviT. auditi [laT. audit] _

(finans.). sawarmos sameurneo-safinanso saqmianobis analizi da kontroli, romelsac kva-lificiuri specialistebi da-moukideblad atareben. auTenturi _ iuridiuli

interpretaciis mqone wesi imis Taobaze, rom rodesac sityva an fraza mosdevs or an met sxva sityvas an frazas, igi ganmartebulia ise, rogorc mis win myofi sity-vebi da frazebi. mag., `saxlebi, binebi da sxva Senobebi~, `sxva Senobebi~ SeiZleba niSnavdes mxolod sxva sacxovrebel adgilebs, da ara, magaliTad, eklesias. autsorsingi _ organizaci-

aTa Sorisi SeTanxmeba calke-uli biznes-procesebis Sesru-lebaze, romlis meSveobiT maRldeba efeqturoba da/an mcirdeba danaxarjebi. Tana-medrove biznesSi autsorsin-giT SeiZleba gadaeces rogorc damxmare (mag., xel-fasis gaangariSeba, informa-ciuli sistemebis gamarTva da sxv.), ise zogierTi ZiriTadi biznes-procesebi (mag., axali produqtebis damuSaveba). auqcioni [laT. auctio] _

(ekon.). qonebis sajaro (Ria) wesiT gayidva. saqoneli mieyi-deba mas, vinc yvelaze maRal fass SesTavazebs.

10

afera [frang. affaire _ saqme] _ (samarT.). saeWvo garigeba, TaRliToba. afideviti [ingl. affidavit] _

(samarT.). werilobiTi ganac-xadi, romelic xelmowerilia da ficdadebulia veqilis Tan-daswrebiT da, romelic Semdeg SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes rogorc mtkicebuleba sasamar-Tlo mosmenis dros. a-forfe [frang. a forfait _

miwodeba, momarageba] _ saer-TaSoriso vaWrobis dafinanse-ba gadasagzavni Tamasuqis ga-naRdebis gziT regresis ufle-bis gareSe, e.i. Tamasuqis myid-veli Tavis Tavze iRebs gada-uxdelobis mTel risks da wina mflobelisaTvis preten-ziis wayeneba ar SeuZlia. aqti [ingl. act] _ (samarT.).

sakanonmdeblo organos mier damtkicebuli gadawyvetileba, romelic gaxda kanoni; doku-menti, oficialuri valdebu-leba. aqtiuri [ingl. active] _

moqmedi, efeqturi. aqtuari [ingl. actuary] _

sadazRvevo kompaniis Tanam-Sromeli, romelic sadaz-Rvevo Senatans iTvlis. aqcepti [laT. acceptus _

miRebuli] _ (raime) SemoTava-zebulis miReba; daTanxmeba, Tanxobis micema: 1. (finans.). gadamxdelis valdebuleba (Tanxmobis warweriT dadastu-reba) dadgenil vadaSi gaa-naRdos gadasagzavni Tamasuqi

(trata), warmodgenili angari-Si an daakmayofilos sxva moTxovnebi; unaRdo angariSs-worebis erT-erTi forma. 2. (ekon., samarT.). upirobo Tanx-moba SemoTavazebul winada-debaze (oferti), rom daidos xelSekruleba. aqceptanti, aqceptori

[laT. acceptantis _ mimRebi] _ 1. (finans.). piri, romelmac aiRo valdebuleba gaanaRdos Tamasuqi. 2. (ekon., samarT.). SemoTavazebuli winadadebis mimRebi piri. aqcesiuri xelSekruleba

[laT. accessio _ SeerTeba, mier-Teba] _ (dipl.). xelSekruleba, romliTac saxelmwifo uerT-deba sxva saxelmwifoTa adre dadebul xelSekrulebas. aqcesoruli xelSekruleba

[laT. accessorius _ momsvleli] _ (dipl.). damatebiTi xelSek-ruleba, romelic daerTvis mTavar xelSekrulebas. aqcia [frang. action] _ 1.

(ekon.). saemisio fasiani qaRal-di, romelic adasturebs misi mflobelis (aqcioneris) uf-lebas monawileobdes saaqcio sazogadoebis menejmentSi da am sazogadoebis mogebidan miiRos Tavisi wili (divi-dendi). 2. (polit.). raime politikur-ekonomikuri miznis misaRwevad wamowyebuli moqme-deba, RonisZieba. aqcizi [frang. accise] _

(finans.). arapirdapiri saerTo-saxelmwifoebrivi gadasaxadi, romelic Sedis saqonlis fas-

11

Si. mas ixdis momxmarebeli am gadasaxadiT gazrdil fasTan erTad. igi gamyidvelis Semo-savalTan araa dakavSirebuli da saxelmwifo biujetSi Se-dis. aqciziT ibegreba alkoho-luri sasmelebi, Tambaqos nawarmi, navTobproduqtebi, msubuqi avtomanqanebi.

b baza [frang. base < berZ.] _

risame safuZveli. mag. ekonomikuri baza, samarTlebrivi baza da a.S. bazisi [berZ. basis _ safuZ-

veli] _ 1. (ekon.). wanamati an fasdakleba saqonlis sabirJo kotirebaze (fasdadgenaze). 2. (ekon., samarT.). yvelaze mniSv-nelovani. balansi [frang. balance _

saswori] _ (ekon.). Semosaval-gasavlis SefardebiTi jami; ori nawilis raodenobrivi Tanasworoba. banki [ital. banco] _ finan-

suri dawesebuleba, romelic awarmoebs fulisa da fasiani qaRaldebis operaciebs, finan-sur momsaxurebas uwevs mTav-robas, sawarmoebs, moqalaqeeb-sa da erTmaneTs. banketi [frang. banquet] _

(dipl.). sazeimo wveuleba, ro-melic imarTeba visime pativ-sacemad an raime movlenis aRsaniSnavad, banknoti [ingl. banknote] _

(finans.). qaRaldis fuli,

romelsac mimoqcevaSi uSvebs centraluri banki; sakredito baraTi. banko [ital. banco] _

(finans.). fasi an kursi, rom-lis mixedviTac banki awar-moebs fasiani qaRaldebis yidva-gayidvas. bankroti [ital. bankrotto] _

(samarT.). gakotrebuli, valau-vali, gadaxdis unarmokle-buli movale. barbekiu [ingl. barbecue] _

(dipl.). sazeimo miReba (gamas-pinZleba) Ria cis qveS. barieri [ingl. barrier] _

dabrkoleba; winaaRmdegoba; raimes gakeTebis xelSeSla. baristeri [ingl. barrister] _

advokati (gansakuTrebiT ing-lisSi), romelsac SeuZlia eWvmitanilis dacva an sxva piris dadanaSauleba umaRles sasamarTloSi. barteri [ingl. barter _

gacvla] _ (ekon.). naturaluri saqonelgacvla, roca erTi dovlaTi meoreze fulis gadaxdis gareSe icvleba. beniluqsi [ingl. Benelux

Economic Union] _ belgiis, niderlandisa da luqsembur-gis ekonomikuri kavSiri. beneficiari [frang. benefice

_ mogeba, sargeblianoba] _ 1. (finans.). piri, romelic iRebs fulad gadasaxdels; fulis mimRebi. 2. (samarT.). piri, rom-lis qonebas marTavs ndobiT aRWurvili piri.

12

bidi [ingl. bid] _ (ekon.). myidvelebis winadadeba; SeTa-vazeba risame sayidlad gark-veul fasad (gansakuTrebiT auqcionze). biznesi [ingl. business _

saqme, mewarmeoba] _ momgebiani saqmianoba. bili [ingl. bill] _ 1.

inglisSi, aSS-isa da zogierTi sxva qveynis sakanonmdeblo organoSi Setanili axali kanonproeqti. 2. aSS-Si qaRal-dis fuli, angariSi. bipolidi [laT. bis _ or-

jer da berZ. polis _ qalaqi, saxelmwifo) _ (samarT.). piri, romelsac ori (an meti) saxelmwifos moqalaqeoba aqvs; bipatridi. birJa [germ. Börse, laT. bursa

_ qisa] _ erTgvarovani saqon-lis regularulad funqcioni-rebadi, organizaciulad gan-sazRvruli sabiTumo bazari. mag., safondo birJa _ adgili, sadac xdeba fasiani qaRal-debis (aqciebis, obligaciebis da sxv.) yidva-gayidvis garage-bebi. biurokratia [frang. bureau _

biuro da berZ. kratos _ Zala-ufleba] _ (polit.). umaRlesi Cinovnikuri aparati, administ-racia; marTvis sistema, rome-lic dafuZnebulia formaliz-mze. biujeti [frang. budget _

CanTa] _ (finans.). saxelmwifos, firmis, ojaxis Semosavlebisa

da xarjebis nusxa drois gansazRvruli periodisaTvis, Cveulebriv, erTi wlisaTvis. bloki [frang. bloc] _ (polit.,

ekon.). saxelmwifoebis, parti-ebis da a.S. kavSiri, gaer-Tianeba saerTo ekonomikur-politikuri miznebis misaR-wevad. boikoti [ingl. boycott] _

urTierTobis gawyveta pirTan, dawesebulebasTan an saxelmwi-fosTan. boni [frang. bon] _ (ekon.,

samarT.). 1. sakredito doku-menti, romliTac mis mflo-bels SeuZlia miiRos gark-veuli Tanxa daTqmul vadaSi. 2. droebiTi qaRaldis fulis niSani. 3. xmarebidan gamosuli qaRaldis fuli, romelsac agroveben koleqciisaTvis. bonifikacia [frang. Bonifi-

cation] _ (finans.). fasis wana-mati saqonlis maRali xaris-xisaTvis, romelic aWarbebs xelSekrulebiT dadgenil dones. bonusi [laT. bonus _ kargi]

_ (ekon.). damatebiTi dajil-doveba, premia; gamyidvelis fasdakleba mudmivi myidveli-saTvis. breid-vimpeli [hol. breed-

wimpel] _ (sazRvao, dipl.). sagangebo alami, romelsac samxedro xomaldze maSin aRmarTaven, roca masze maRa-li saxelmwifo Tanamdebobis piri imyofeba.

13

brein-dreini [ingl. brain _ tvini da drein _ drenaJi] _ `tvinis gadineba~; cxovrebis dabali donis qveynebidan maRalkvalificiuri specia-listebis masiuri wasvla. brifingi [ingl. breifing _

sityva-sityviT instruqtaJi] _ (polit.). xanmokle TaTbiri an pres-konferencia saerTaSori-so da mniSvnelovan saxelmwi-foebriv sakiTxebze Jurnalis-tTa viwro wrisaTvis. brokeri [ingl. broker] _

(ekon.). birJis muSaki, bazris monawile, sabazro urTier-TobaTa agenti, Suamavali. bruto [ital. brutto] _ (ekon.).

saqonlis wona tarasTan da SesafuTTan erTad. (sapirisp. neto). bumi ekonomikuri [ingl.

boom] _ (ekon.). saqmiani ciklis faza, warmoebis, vaWrobis, saqmiani aqtivobis xelovnurad gamowveuli moklevadiani aRmavloba. butlegeri [ingl. bootlegger]

_ (samarT.). akrZaluli saqon-liT (spirtiani sasmelebi) movaWre piri. buRalteria, buxhalteria

[germ. Buch wigni da halter daWera] _ fuladi saxsrebisa da materialuri faseulobebis aRricxvis wignisa da uwyi-sebis warmoeba dokumentaciis gansazRvruli wesebisa da formebis dacviT.

g gakotreba [ital. banko _

skami da otto _ gatexili] _ (ekon., samarT.). fuladi saxsrebis uqonlobis gamo movalis gadaxdisuunaroba. galanturi [frang. galant] _

(dipl.). didad Tavaziani, zrdilobiani. gapi [ingl. gap _ dacileba,

garRveva] _ (ekon.). sabirJo saqonlis fasis mkveTri cvli-leba, roca wina sabirJo dRis minimaluri fasi mimdinare dRis maqsimalur fasze maRa-lia an wina dRis maqsimaluri fasi mimdinare dRis minima-lur fasze naklebia. garanti [frang. garant] _

(ekon. samarT.). saxelmwifo, dawesebuleba an piri, rome-lic iZleva risame garantias; Tavdebi. garantia [frang. garantie] _

iuridiuli dokumenti; piroba, romelic uzrunvelyofs risa-me warmatebas; sawindari. gaspadin, gaspaJa [rus.

господин, госпажа] _ ruseTSi: zrdilobiani mimarTva kacisa-dmi, qalisadmi. gastarbaiteri [germ. Gas-

tarbeiter muSa-imigranti] _ (ekon., polit.). ucxoeli muSa, rome-lic samuSaodaa Casuli ekono-mikurad sustad ganviTare-buli qveynidan industriulad ganviTarebul qveyanaSi. gaudeamusi [laT. gaudeamus _

`gavixaroT~] _ Zveleburi

14

studenturi simRera laTinur enaze; iwyeba sityvebiT: Gaudeamus igitur, juvenes dum sumus! _ amgvarad, gavixaroT, vidre axalgazrdebi varT. genezisi [berZ. genesis] _

warmoSoba, warmoqmna. genocidi [laT. gens _ gvari,

tomi da caedere _ mokvla] _ (samarT., polit.). gaerTiane-buli jgufis mTlianad an nawilobriv mospoba an misi mospobis safrTxis Seqmna erovnuli, eTnikuri, rasob-rivi, religiuri an raime sxva niSniT. iTvleba erT-erT umZimes danaSaulad kacobri-obis winaaRmdeg. geSefti [germ. Geschaft] _

(ekon.). gamorCenis (mogebis) mizniT wamowyebuli saqme. gildia [germ. Gilde] _

erTnairi profesiis adamianTa (vaWarTa, xelosanTa) gaerTi-aneba Sua saukuneebis evropaSi. globaluri [frang. global] _

1. saerTo, mTliani, erTad aRebuli. 2. rac mTel msof-lios moicavs. mag., globa-luri politika, globaluri ekonomika. glosari, glosariumi [laT.

glossar, glossarium] _ (samarT.). kanonebisa da iuridiuli aqtebis ganmartebaTa krebuli. gradacia [laT. gradatio] _

erTi safexuridan meoreze TandaTanobiT gadasvla; Tan-daTanoba, Tanamimdevroba. granti [ingl. grant _ sub-

sidia, saCuqari] _ 1. (samarT.).

vinmesTvis raimes (umetesad fulis) micema (mudmivad an droebiT) werilobiTi doku-mentiT; Cuqeba; boZeba. 2. mTav-robis, adgilobrivi xelisuf-lebis an sxva organizaciis mier micemuli fuli raime gadasaxadis gadaxdaSi dasax-mareblad. grantori _ maCuqe-beli, cedenti. grinbeki [ingl. greenback] _

amerikuli dolaris popula-ruli saxelwodeba. gubernatori [ingl. governor]

_ piri, romelic marTavs Stats an provincias; mmar-Tveli. gudvili [ingl. goodwill] _

(ekon.). firmis aqtivebi, kapita-li, romelic ar eqvemdebareba materialur ganzomilebas. mag., reputacia, teqnikuri kompetenciebi, kavSirebi, marke-tinguli xerxebi, adgilmde-bareoba da sxv.

d

damfinicia [laT. damnum _

zarali da facere _ keTeba] _ (ekon., samarT.). dazaraleba. dauning-striti [ingl.

Downing street] _ (dipl.). lon-donSi: quCa, sadac mdebareobs inglisis sagareo saqmeTa saministro; ase uwodeben TviT am saministros (zogjer, saer-Tod, mTavrobasac). debatebi [frang. débats] –

(polit.). raime sakiTxis sajaro ganxilva, azrTa gaziareba; kamaTi.

15

debentura [laT. debere _ iyos movaled] _ (samarT.). sabaJo mowmoba baJis dabru-nebamde. debeti [laT. debet] _ (bux-

halt.). fuli, romelic kom-panias marTebs. (sapirisp. kre-diti). debitori [laT. debitor] _

piri, romelmac vinmes winaSe valdebuleba ikisra; movale. (sapirisp. kreditori). degresia [laT. degressio _

ukan daxeva] _ 1. raimes Tanda-TanobiT Semcireba, kleba. 2. (finans.). gadasaxadiT pro-porciuli dabegvra _ ufro mcire Semosavalze dabegvris procentis Semcireba. deduqcia [laT. deductio _

gamoyvana] _ mtkicebis erT-erTi gza logikaSi, zogadi debulebidan kerZo daskvnis gamoyvana. (sapirisp. induqcia). devalvacia [laT. de _ amo-

Reba da valer _ Rirs] _ (ekon.). qveyanaSi fulis reforma, gau-fasurebuli fulis niSnebis amoReba mimoqcevidan da srulfasiani sakredito bile-TebiT Secvla (Ria devalva-cia) an brunvaSi myofi fulis niSnebis oficialuri kursis dabla daweva (faruli deval-vacia). deviacia [laT. déviatio _

gadaxra] _ (ekon.). fasiani qaRaldebis kursis, sabirJo saqonlis fasebis uecari gadaxra forsmaJorul garemo-ebaTa gavleniT.

devizi [frang. devise] _ (finans.). saerTaSoriso sagada-saxdelo saSualeba Tamasu-qebis, Cekebis, gzavnilebis, akreditivebis saxiT, romle-bic wamoyenebulia ucxo ban-kebSi da unda ganaRdes saz-RvargareT ucxour valutaSi. dezavuireba [frang. désa-

vouer] _ (polit., samarT.). uar-yofa; visime gancxadeba, rom igi ar eTanxmeba Tavisi warmomadgenlis moqmedebas. de-iure [laT. de jure] _

kanonisamebr, iuridiulad, vi-sime cnoba formalurad. (sapi-risp. de-faqto). deklaracia [laT. declaratio] _

(polit.). 1. oficialuri ganc-xadeba raime aqtisa, kanonisa. 2. (finans.). gadasaxadis gadam-xdelis gancxadeba Tavisi Semosavlis, qonebis raodeno-bis Sesaxeb. 3. sabaJos doku-menti, romelSic mocemulia informacia sazRvarze gada-sazid saqonelze. deklasifikacia [ingl.

declassification] _ raimesTvis saidumlo grifis moxsna; cnobilad CaTvla. dekorti [germ. Dekort] _

(ekon.). fasis dakleba saqo-nelze, rodesac misi xarisxi da raodenoba ar Seesabameba pirobiT daTqmuls. dekreti [laT. decretum] _

(samarT.). xelisuflebis umaR-lesi organos dadgenileba, gankarguleba, romelsac kano-nis Zala aqvs.

16

deliveri [ingl. delivery] _ (samarT.). mflobelis werilo-biTi orderi saqonlis gace-mis Sesaxeb. delimitacia sazRvrisa

[laT. delimitatio _ dadgena] _ saerTaSoriso samarTalSi: saxelmwifo sazRvris mdgoma-reobisa da mimarTulebis dad-gena momijnave saxelmwifoebs Soris molaparakebaTa gziT. delinkventi [laT. delinquens

_ danaSaulis Camdeni] _ (samarT.). piri, romelmac ar Seasrula kanoniT (xelSekru-lebiT) masze dakisrebuli valdebuleba, dauSva darRve-va, Caidina danaSauli da a.S. delistingi [ingl. delisting] _

(ekon.). fasiani qaRaldebis amoReba safondo birJaze registraciis siidan. (sapirisp. listingi). deliqti [laT. delictum] _

(samarT.). kanonsawinaaRmdego moqmedeba, danaSauli, romel-mac gamoiwvia zarali da iTvaliswinebs misi anazRau-rebis valdebulebas. deliqturi _ samoqalaqo

kanondarRvevasTan dakavSire-buli. delkredere [ital. del credere

_ ndobiT] _ samoqalaqo samarTalSi: xelSekrulebis piroba, romlis mixedviTac komisioneri kisrulobs pasu-xismgeblobas mesame piris mier garigebis Sesrulebaze. demagogia [berZ. dēmagõgia] _

(polit.). 1. xalxis mxarda-Weris mopoveba maT grZnobebze

da cruSexedulebebze Tama-SiT. 2. sakiTxis aramarTe-bulad gaSuqeba Segnebulad; faqtebis damaxinjeba. demarkacia [laT. démarcation

_ gamijvna] _ (samarT.). saxelmwifos sazRvris adgil-ze gatareba da misi speci-aluri sasazRvro niSnebiT dafiqsireba. demarSi [frang. démarche] _

(dipl.). erTi saxelmwifos mTavrobis mimarTva meorisadmi (nota, memorandumi, gancxadeba da misT.). demereji [ingl. demurage] _

(ekon., samarT.). jarima, pirga-samtexlo, romelsac tvirTis mflobeli (damfraxtavi) ux-dis gemis mesakuTres gemis mocdenisaTvis. demilitarizacia [frang.

démilitariser] _ (polit., samarT.). saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebiT romelime saxelmwifosaTvis saomari teqnikis raodenobrivi SezRudva; ganiaraReba. demokratia [berZ. dēmokratia]

_ (polit.). saxelmwifo mmar-Tvelobis forma, roca umaR-lesi xelisufleba mTel xalxs ekuTvnis. dempingi [ingl. dumping _

Camogdeba] _ (ekon.). saqonlis gayidva xelovnurad Semcire-buli fasebiT. denacionalizacia [frang.

dénationalisation] _ (polit., ekon.). saxelmwifo obieqtebis gada-cema kerZo sakuTrebaSi. (sapi-risp. nacionalizacia).

17

denominacia [laT. denominatio _ gadarqmeva] _ (finans.). gau-fasurebuli qaRaldis fulis niSnebis saxelis Secvla da maTi nominaluri Rirebulebis Semcireba. denonsacia [frang.

dénonciation _ Setyobineba] _ (dipl.). erTi saxelmwifos mier meorisaTvis Setyobineba maT Soris moqmedi xelSekru-lebis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb. depoziti [laT. depositum _

Sesanaxad micemuli ram] _ (finans.). fuladi anabari; xel-Sekruleba minabarebis Sesaxeb. depozitari qveynebi _

(dipl.). saxelmwifoebi, romel-Ta Soris dadebul xelSek-rulebas Semdgom SeuZliaT xeli moaweron sxva msurvelma qveynebma. deponenti [laT. deponentus _

gadadeba] _ fizikuri an iuridiuli piri, romelmac Sesanaxad gadasca sakredito dawesebulebas (banks) fuli an fasiani qaRaldebi. deponireba [laT. deponere _

Sesanaxad gadacema] _ 1. (dipl.). saratifikacio sigele-bis Sesanaxad gadacema romelime saxelmwifos an saerTaSoriso organosaTvis (Tu xelSekrulebas xeli moawera ramdenime qveyanam). 2. (finans.). depozitis Setana. deporti [frang. déport] _

(ekon.). spekulaciuri sabirJo garigeba, romelic ideba safondo birJaze fasiani qaRaldebis kursis dacemaze

moTamaSe pirebis (`daTvebi~) mier. (sapirisp. reporti). deportacia [laT. deportatio]

_ (polit.). pirovnebis gaZeveba misi mudmivi adgilsamyofeli-dan da sxva adgilas iZulebiT dasaxleba. depresia [laT. depressio _

daTrgunva] _ (ekon.). sameurneo saqmianobis moduneba, Seferxeba. deputati [laT. deputatus] _

arCeviTi saxelmwifo dawesebu-lebis wevri; arCeuli warmo-madgeneli. derivati [laT. derivatus _

gamoyofili] _ xelSekruleba (ofcioni, fiuCersi), romelic efuZneba valutebis, fasiani qaRaldebis kursebs; mflo-bels aZlevs SesaZleblobas daifiqsiros saqonlis yidvis (gayidvis) xelsayreli fasi. despani [ingl. envoy] _

(dipl.). ufrosi diplomati (rangiT elCze dabali); piri, romelic erTi mTavrobisgan an organizaciisgan Setyobi-nebiT gaigzavna meoresTan. despotia [berZ. despotia] _

(polit.). ganusazRvreli uf-lebebis mqone umaRlesi xeli-sufalis (despotis) mmarTve-loba. destruqcia [laT. destruction]

_ rRveva, risame normaluri struqturis daSla. detanti [frang. détente] _

(polit.). daZabulobis Senele-ba saerTaSoriso urTierTo-bebSi (aSS-sa da zogierT sxva qveyanaSi miRebuli termini).

18

deteqtivi [ingl. detective] _ ucxoeTis qveynebSi samZebro policiis agenti; maZebari. de-faqto [laT. defacto] _ (sa-

marT.). faqtobrivad, visime an risime cnoba sinamdvileSi. (sapirisp. de-iure). definicia [laT. definitio] _

sagnis zusti gansazRvra misi yvelaze arsebiTi niSnebis mixedviT. deficiti [laT. deficit _

aklia] _ (ekon.). 1. ramis (saqonlis, finansebis) nakle-boba; 2. gasavlis metoba Semosavalze. deflacia [laT. deflatio _

gamoberva, Seberva] _ (ekon.). brunvaSi myofi qaRaldis fulis raodenobrivi Semci-reba misi msyidvelobiTuna-rianobis asawevad. defolti [ingl. defolt] _ (fi-

nans.). fasian qaRaldze pro-centis gacemis Sewyveta. decentralizacia _

(polit.). 1. mmarTvelobis sistema, roca centraluri xelisuflebis zogi funqcia gadaecema TviTmmarTvelobis adgilobriv organoebs; 2. cen-tralizaciis Sesusteba an gauqmeba. decimacia [laT. decimus _

meaTe] _ (ist.). yoveli meaTe adamianis dasja damnaSavis mounaxaobis SemTxvevaSi. diaspora [berZ. diaspora _

gabneva] _ xalxis (eTnikuri erTobis) mniSvnelovani nawi-

lis yofna Tavisi qveynis farglebs gareT. digestebi [laT. digesta] _

romauli samoqalaqo samarT-lis krebuli, romelic gamoa-qveynes 533 w. imperator iusti-nianes dros; Seicavda roma-eli iuristebis mravalric-xovani Sromebidan amokrefil adgilebs da kanonis Zala hqonda (sxvanairad: pandeqtebi). diversifikacia [laT.

deversus _ sxvadasxva da facere _ keTeba] _ (ekon.). kerZo piris an firmis saqmianobis gafar-Toeba. dividendi [laT. devidendus _

gasayofi] _ (ekon.). aqcioner-TaTvis kompaniis mogebis nawilis gadaxda. dizaJio [ital. disaggio] _

(finans.). qaRaldis fulis niSnebisa da sxva fasiani qaRaldebis kursis Semcireba. (sapirisp. aJio). dileri [ingl. dialer _ movaW-

re, agenti] _ (ekon., samarT.). kerZo piri an firma, safondo birJis wevri, romelic moqme-debs Tavisi saxeliTa da xarjiT. dilingi [ingl. dealing] _

(ekon.). 1. yidva-gayidva londo-nis safondo birJaze. 2. saqmi-ani garigeba; finansuri opera-cia; fasebis dacema-amaRlebaze TamaSi. dilucia mogebis [ingl.

dilutio earnings] _ (ekon.). Semosav-lianobis Semcireba.

19

diplomati [frang. diplomate] _ 1. Tanamdebobis piri (mag., elCi), romelic Tavisi qveynis oficialuri warmomadgenelia sxva qveyanaSi. 2. (gadat.) sxva adamianebTan urTierTobaSi mSvidi da taqtiani. diplomatia [frang.

diplomatie] _ 1. mTavrobis saqmi-anoba saxelmwifos sagareo, saerTaSoriso politikis gan-saxorcieleblad. 2. sxva qveyanaSi sakuTari qveynis interesebis marTva diplo-matebis mier. diplomatiuri korpusi _

ama Tu im qveyanaSi akre-ditebuli ucxo qveynebis diplomatiur warmomadgenlo-baTa erToblioba. diplomatiuri imuniteti _

ix. imuniteti diplomatiuri. direqtiva [frang. directive _

gagzavna] _ zemdgomi organos an Tanamdebobis piris saval-debulod Sesasrulebeli saxelmZRvanelo miTiTeba; instruqciebis gacema. disidenti [laT. dissidens _

winaaRmdegi] _ piri, romelic ar iziarebs qveyanaSi gaba-tonebul ideologias; sxvag-varad moazrovne. diskvalifikacia [ingl.

disqualify] _ (samarT.). vinmes-Tvis: 1. uflebis CamorTmeva. 2. araqmedunarianad gadaqceva. diskonti [ingl. discount] _

(finans.). 1. Tamasuqis an fasiani qaRaldis ganaRdeba. 2. fasCamokleba.

diskreditacia [frang. discréditer _ ndobis dakargva] _ 1. ganzrax moqmedeba, romelic subieqtis (adamianis, firmis da sxv.) avtoritetis, imijis Sesaryevad aris mimarTuli. 2. (samarT). Cveneba imisa, rom piri ar aris sando. diskreciuli [frang.

discrétionnire _ piradi Sexedu-lebis mixedviT, TviTneburad] _ Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr moqmedi. diskriminacia [laT.

discriminatio _ garCeva] _ 1. (dipl.). rasobrivi an naciona-luri kuTvnilebis, socialu-ri warmoSobis, politikuri Sexedulebebis, sqesis an sxva niSnis mixedviT moqalaqeTa garkveuli kategoriisaTvis uflebebis SezRudva an Camor-Tmeva. 2. (ekon.) ekonomikuri subietis (saxelmwifo, sawar-mo, moqalaqe) uflebaTa uka-nonod Selaxva an CamorTmeva. (sapirisp. retorsia). diskusia [laT. discussio _

kvleva, ganxilva] _ raime sada-vo sakiTxis sajaro ganxilva; kamaTi, paeqroba. dismili [ingl. dismissal _

daTxovna] _ (dipl.). diploma-tis kerZo pirad gamocxadeba. dispaSi [frang. dispache] _

(ekon.). zaralis gaangariSeba (gemis avariis SemTxvevaSi). dispozicia [laT. dispositio _

ganawileba] _ (samarT.). kanon-ebsa da xelSekrulebebSi dafiqsirebuli ekonomikuri

20

saqmianobis amkrZalavi an SemzRudveli samarTlebrivi normamiTiTebebi. disputi [laT. disputo _

vmsjelob, vkamaTob] _ sajaro kamaTi, paeqroba raime sakiTx-ze. distribucia [ingl.

distribution] _ (vaWr.). ganawile-ba; saqonlis biTumad Sesyidva da gayidva. diferenti [laT. differens] _

(finans.). savaWro operaciebSi: saqonlis SekveTisa da miRebis dros arsebuli fasTasxvaoba. diqtati [laT. dictatus _

miwerili] _ 1. (ekon.). ekonomi-kuri subieqtisaTvis moqmedeb-is gansazRvruli wesis iZul-ebiT Tavsmoxveva. 2. (dipl.). xelSekrulebaSi araTanaswor-uflebiani pirobebis miniWeba ufro Zlieri mxaris mier. diqtatori _ (polit.).

mmarTveli, romelsac sruli piradi Zalaufleba gaaCnia. diqtatura [laT. dictatura] _

(polit.). gabatonebuli klas-is SeuzRudveli saxelmwifo Zalaufleba. dogma [berZ. dogma] _

(samarT.). 1. ZiriTadi debule-ba. 2. dausabuTeblad, brmad miRebuli debuleba, romelic miiCneva uryev WeSmaritebad yvela droisa da istoriuli pirobebisaTvis. dokumenti [laT. documentum]

_ (samarT.). risame damamtkice-beli saqmiani qaRaldi; raime uflebis damadasturebeli sa-

buTi; visime vinaobis damamtki-cebeli mowmoba. dominireba [laT. dominary _

Warboba] _ (ekon.). 1. erTi eko-nomikuri subieqtis an misi saqonlis upiratesi mdgomare-oba sxvebTan SedarebiT. 2. gabatonebuli idea, risame ZiriTadi niSani. domicili [laT. domicilium _

adgilsamyofeli] _ mudmivi sacxovrebeli adgili; warmo-ebis adgili (gansakuTrebiT gadasaxadis miznebisaTvis). 2. adgili, sadac xdeba Tamasuqis ganaRdeba an gadasaxadis gadaxda, roca gadamxdeli sxvagan cxovrobs. dosie [frang. dossier] _

(samarT.). raime sakiTxTan an saqmesTan dakavSirebuli, erTad Sekrebili dokumentebi. dotacia [laT. dotatio _

saCuqari, Senawiri] _ (ekon.). saxelmwifo biujetidan gamo-yofili fuladi saxsrebi zaraliani sawarmoebis dasa-finanseblad. doqtrina [laT. doctrina] _ 1.

moZRvreba, mecnieruli an filosofiuri Teoria, sistema. 2. kanonis zogadi principi. (mag., monros dotrina _ principi, rom aSS-is interesSi Sedis sxva amerikuli saxelm-wifoebis SidasaqmeebSi gare-dan Carevis Tavidan acileba). duaieni [frang. doyen] _

diplomatiuri korpusis meTa-uri, mamasaxlisi.

21

dublikati [laT. dublicatus _ gaormagebuli] _ raime weri-lobiTi dokumentis meore cali, romelsac iuridiulad dedanis Zala aqvs. duopolia [laT. duo _ ori

da berZ. poleo _ vyidi] _ (ekon.). meurneobis dargis sabazro struqtura, romlis drosac arsebobs garkveuli saqonlis mxolod ori mimwodebeli da maT Soris ar aris dadebuli monopolisturi SeTanxmeba gasaRebis bazrebis, fasebisa da sxvaTa Sesaxeb.

e egalitarizmi [ingl.

egalitarianism] _ politikuri Teoria imis Taobaze, rom sazogadoebis yvela wevrs Tanabari uflebebi aqvs da erTnairad unda moepyron maT. egzekvatura [laT. exsequor _

gamorkveva, dadgena, Sesru-leba] _ 1. (dipl.). mimRebi saxelmwifos mTavrobis ofi-cialuri dokumenti konsulis cnobis Sesaxeb. 2. (samarT.). sxva qveyanaSi gamotanili sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis aRsruleba mocemul qveyanaSi. ediqti [laT. adictum] _

(samarT.). xelisuflebis weri-lobiTi brZaneba; kanonis sajarod gamocxadeba. evolucia [laT. evolutio] _

risame cvlis, ganviTarebis procesi.

evro [ingl. Euro] _ evro-kavSiris 15 qveynis saerTo valuta. evrokardi [ingl. eurocard] _

saerTaSoriso-sakredito bara-Ti, evropuli sabanko sistemis monawile qveynebSi gamoyenebis uflebiT. ekautingi [ingl. account _

angariSi] _ (finans.). finansuri informaciis Sekreba, damuSa-veba-analizTan dakavSirebuli saqmianoba. ekvivalenti [laT. auquiva-

lens] _ tolmniSvnelovani. ekzekucia [laT. exsecutio _

Sesruleba] _ (samarT.). sasa-marTlo ganaCenis an adminis-traciuli gadawyvetilebis aRsruleba. ekologia [berZ. Oikos _

saxli, adgilsamyofeli da logos _ moZRvreba] _ adamianis urTierToba garemomcvel bunebasTan. ekonometrika _ [ekono(mika)

da berZ. metreo vzomav] _ mecniereba, romelic Seiwav-lis ekonomikuri obieqtebisa da procesebis konkretul raodenobriv kanonzomierebebs maTematikuri da statistikuri meTodebis gamoyenebiT. ekonomia [berZ. oikonomia _

meurneobis marTva] _ (ekon.). momWirneobiT xarjva risame; momWirneoba. ekonomika [berZ. Oikos _

saxli, meurneoba da nomos _ wesi, kanoni; erTobliobaSi _ meurneobis gaZRolis wesebi] _

22

1. mecnierebis dargi. 2. meur-neoba, saSualebebis, obieq-tebis, procesebis erTobli-oba, romelsac adamianebi iye-neben sasicocxlo moTxovni-lebebis dasakmayofileblad. ekonomiuri blokada [ingl.

blockade _ alya] _ qveynis ekonomikuri politika sxva qveynis mier yvela an zogierT saqonelze vaWrobis SezRud-vis an akrZalvis Sesaxeb. eleqtronuli autsorsingi

_ sxva organizaciaze biznes-procesebisa da momsaxurebis Sesrulebis gadacema, rome-lic dafuZnebulia informa-ciuli teqnologiebis gamoye-nebaze. eleqtronuli bazari _

momwodeblebisa da myidvele-bis jgufi, romlebic erTian sainformacio-teqnologiur infrastruqturaSi TanamSrom-loben. eleqtronuli biznesi _

biznesi, romlis efeqturoba da konkurentunarianoba tran-saqciebis ganxorcielebis dros dafuZnebulia informa-ciuli teqnologiebis gamoye-nebaze. eleqtronuli komercia _

eleqtronuli qselis meSveo-biT biznes-partniorebs Soris ganxorcielebuli komerciuli saqmianoba eleqtronuli maRazia _

veb-saiti, romelzedac Sesyid-visaTvis ganTavsebulia saqon-lis katalogi, virtualuri kalaTa, sagadamxdelo instru-

mentebi da SeiZleba SekveTis miwodebis marTvis sistemac. eleqtronuli fuli _

kompiuterSi an inteleqtua-lur baraTze specialuri Canawerebis saxiT arsebuli fuli, romelic gamoiyeneba partniorebs Soris Sesyidvisa da angariSsworebisaTvis konk-retuli informaciuli teqno-logiebis CarCoebSi. emansipacia [laT. emancipatio]

_ (polit.). damoukideblobis miniWeba, uflebebSi gaTanas-woreba. embargo [esp. embargo _

akrZalva] _ (ekon., polit.). saxelmwifos mier qveyanaSi garkveuli saqonlis, faseu-lobis, oqros, fasiani qaRal-debis, valutis gatanis an Semotanis akrZalva. emigranti [laT. emigrans _

vinc gadasaxldeba] _ Tavisi qveynidan nebayoflobiT (iZu-lebiT) gadasaxlebuli piri ekonomikuri, politikuri, religiuri mizezebis gamo. emigracia [laT. emigro _

gadavsaxldebi] _ iZulebiT an nebayoflobiT gadasaxleba Tavisi samSoblodan sxva qveyanaSi. emisari [laT. emissarius _

gagzavnili] _ (dipl.). saxel-mwifos an kerZo piris piradi warmomadgeneli, romelic asrulebs sxvadasxva (ZiriTa-dad, saidumlo) davalebas ucxo qveyanaSi.

23

emisia [laT. emissio] _ (finans.). qaRaldis fulis masiuri gamoSveba. emitenti [laT. emissio _

gamoSveba] _ (finans.). nebis-mieri organo an organizacia (saxelmwifo banki, dawesebu-leba, sawarmo, kompania), romelic awarmoebs emisias. e senior _ (dipl.).

portugaliaSi: zrdilobiani mimarTvis forma mamakacisadmi. (qalisa _ a seniora). eskrou [ingl. escrow] _

(samarT.). dokumenti (aqti da misT.), rasac masSi monawile mxareebi gadascemen damouki-debel pirs, romelic mxolod maSin daubrunebs maT, rode-sac garkveuli pirobebi iqneba Sesrulebuli. estopeli [laT. estoppel] _

saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi norma, romelic niSnavs saxel-mwifos an saerTaSoriso organizaciis mier uflebis dakargvas da miuTiTebs im garemoebebze, romlebic gana-pirobeben misTvis saerTaSo-riso xelSekrulebis moqme-debis Sewyvetas, SeCerebas an baTilad cnobas. etiketi _ (samarT. ekon.)

saqonelze, produqciaze dak-ruli savaWro niSani, romel-zec naCvenebia misi saxelwo-deba, Semcveloba da sxv. etiketi diplomatiuri

[frang. étiquette] _ Tavazianobis, qcevis wesebis erToblioba, miRebuli garkveul socialur

wreebSi (mefis karze, diplo-matiur urTierTobebSi da a.S.). eqaunTanTi [ingl. assountant]

_ (finans.). buxhalteri; piri, romelsac SeuZlia sabux-haltro angariSis warmoeba. eqskluziuri [ingl. exclusive]

_ gansakuTrebuli, erTaderTi (mag., ufleba, interviu da a.S. eqs-oficio [laT. ex officio] _

(samarT.). sabirJo saqmianobaSi garkveuli pirobebis Seqmna Ria konkurentuli vaWrobi-saTvis kanonmdeblobis Sesaba-misad. eqspansia ekonomikuri [laT.

expansio _ gavrceleba] _ qveynis, firmis ekonomikuri gavlenis sferos gafarToeba mis sazRvrebs gareT. eqspatriacia [laT. ex -gan, -

idan da patria _ samSoblo] _ nebayoflobiTi an iZulebiTi gasvla samSoblodan, Cveuleb-riv, moqalaqeobis gamocvliT. eqsperti [laT. expertus _

gamocdili] _ risame speci-alisti, visac iwveven rTul, sadavo SemTxvevebSi. eqspertiza [frang. expertise]

_ konkretuli sakiTxis Sesa-xeb eqspertuli gamokvleva. eqspluatacia [frang.

exploitation] _ 1. sxvisi Sromis nayofis miTviseba; 2. bunebriv simdidreTa damuSaveba, gamo-yeneba. 3. warmoebis, tran-sportis da sxva saSualebaTa gamoyeneba. eqsporti [ingl. export] _

(ekon.). sazRvargareT saqonlis

24

gasayidad gatana. (sapirisp. importi). eqsportiori [ingl. exporter]

_ (ekon.). eqsportis mawarmoe-beli, sazRvargareT saqonlis gamtani piri an organizacia. eqspropreacia [laT.

expropriatio _ sakuTrebis Camor-Tmeva] _ (samarT.). saxelmwifos mier qonebis iZulebiTi, usasyidlo an anazRaurebiTi CamorTmeva an gasxviseba. eqsp-ropreacias kompensaciis gace-miT rekvizicias uwodeben, xolo gacemis gareSe _ konfiskacias. eqstensiuri [laT. extensivus

_ rac farTovdeba] _ (ekon.). raimes gafarToeba (mag., warmoebis), gagrZeleba (vadis) da sxv. (sapirisp. intensiuri). eqsteritoriuloba [laT.

ex -gan, -dan da territorialis _ teritoriaze myofi] _ saku-Tari saxelmwifos kanonebis damorCileba da ucxo saxelm-wifos iurisdiqciisagan sru-li an nawilobrivi gaTa-visufleba (mag., diplomatebis Sesaxeb). eqstra [laT. extra] _ rTuli sityvis pirveli Semadgeneli nawili; niSnavs: gareSe. mag., eqsteritoriuli wylebi _ saerTaSoriso wylebi, qveynis iurisdiqciis gareT myofi. eqstradicia [laT. ex -gan, -

dan da traditio _ gadacema] _ (samarT.). ucxo saxelmwifo-saTvis im piris gadacema, vinc

am saxelmwifos kanonebi daarRvia. eqstraneti [ingl. Extranet] _

internetis teqnologiaze dafuZnebuli korporatiuli eleqtronuli qseli, romelic kompanias Tavis momwodeb-lebTan akavSirebs. eqstremizmi [laT. extremus]

_ukiduresi Sexeduleba-zomebis momxreoba (ZiriTadad, politikaSi). eqscesi [laT. excessus _

gamosvla, gadaxra] _ (samarT.). risame normaluri mimdinare-obis darRveva; mwvave Sexla-Semoxla; procesis mimdinare-obis iSviaTi xasiaTi.

v va-bank! [frang. va banque] _

(finans.). didi finansuri riski. valvacia [frang. évaluation _

Sefaseba] _ (finans.). ucxouri valutis kursis erovnul fulad erTeulSi gansazRvra. valorizacia [frang.

valorisation] _ (finans.). raime saqonlis fasis xelovnurad aweva, umTavresad am saqonlis warmoebis Sekvecis gziT; Ro-nisZiebaTa erToblioba qaRal-dis fulis kursis asawevad. valuta [ital. valuta _

Rirebuleba] _ (finans.). ucxo qveynis fuli. vandalizmi [laT. vandali] _

kulturis ZeglTa ganadgu-reba.

25

vauCeri [ingl. voucher _ xel-werili] _ (ekon., samarT.). baraTi, romelic privatize-ciaSi monawileobis uflebas iZleva. velferi [ingl. wellfare] _

(finans.). fuladi saxis oficialuri daxmareba. venCuruli [ingl. venture _

riskiani] _ (finans.). mecni-erul-teqnikuri siaxleebis danergvis dakrediteba-dafi-nanseba. verbaluri [laT. verbalis] _

sityvieri, zepiri. verbaluri nota _ (dipl.). xelmouwereli nota, romelic zepir gancxa-debas uTanabrdeba. verdiqti [ingl.-frang. verdict

< laT.] _ (samarT.). nafic msajulTa sasamarTlos gana-Ceni, gadawyvetileba. verifikacia [laT. verificatio]

_ (samarT.). risame (masalebis, dokumentebis da sxv.) WeSma-ritebis Semowmeba, namdvilo-bis dadgena. versia [frang. version] _

(samarT.). raime faqtis, movlenis erT-erTi axsna. veto [ingl. veto _ vkrZalav]

_ 1. uzenaesi organos (monar-qis an prezidentis) ufleba _ uaryos sxva (sakanonmdeblo) organos dadgenileba. 2. sa-xelmwifo samarTalSi: akrZal-va, romelsac adebs erTi saxelmwifo organo meoris gadawyvetilebas. 3. saerTaSo-riso samarTalSi: sxvadasxva qveynis warmomadgenelTagan

Semdgari koleqtiuri organos (sadac sakiTxebi wydeba erTxmad) erT-erTi wevris gancxadeba imis Sesaxeb, rom igi winaaRmdegia umravleso-bis gadawyvetilebisa; xorci-eldeba xmis micemiT. veqsili [germ. wechsel] _ (fi-

nans.). Tamasuqi, garkveul vadaze gansazRvruli Tanxis gadaxdis werilobiTi valde-buleba. viza [laT. visa _ naxuli] _

1. (samarT.). Tanamdebobis piris aRniSvna sabuTze imis Sesaxeb, rom igi wardgenilia saTana-dod da rigzea. 2. saxelmwi-foSi Sesvlis, iqidan gamg-zavrebis an mis teritoriaze gavlis nebarTva, romelsac iZleva am qveynis mTavroba. viziti [frang. visite] _

(dipl.). mcire xniT misvla vinmesTan. vizualuri [laT. visualis] _

mxedvelobiTi; vizualuri dakvirveba _ dakvirveba Seui-araRebeli TvaliT an opti-kuri xelsawyoTi (fotoga-daRebis sapirispirod). vindikacia [laT. vindicatio _

dacva] _ (samarT). mesakuTris ufleba sasamarTlos meSve-obiT moiTxovos sakuTari qonebis dabruneba im piri-sagan, romelic ukanonod flobs mas. virementi [frang. virement _

moxveva] _ (finans.). sabanko operacia: erTi piris mimdi-nare angariSidan meore piris

26

mimdinare angariSze Tanxis gadatana. virtualuri [laT. virtualis] _

rac SeiZleba saTanado piro-bebSi gamovlindes; SesaZle-beli. virtualuri banki _ banki,

romelic Tavis klientebs internetis meSveobiT emsaxu-reba. viqtomologia [laT. victima

_ msxverpli da logos _ moZ-Rvreba] _ kriminologiis dar-gi, romelic ZiriTadad swav-lobs dazaralebulis fsiqo-moralur Tvisebebs. vice [laT. vice _ nacvlad,

magier] _ moadgile, Semcv-leli. votumi [laT. votum _

survili] _ (polit.). xmis micemis formiT gamoxatuli gadawyvetileba, azri.

T Talmudi [Zv. ebr.] _ ebra-

elTa religiuri, sayofac-xovrebo-samarTlebrivi norme-bis krebuli; Sedgenili bib-liis (`Zveli aRTqmis~) wigne-bis ganmartebaTa safuZvelze. Temida _ ityvian marTlm-

sajulebaze. [ZvelberZnuli miTologiis marTlmsajulebis qalRmerT Themis-is saxelis mixedviT; mas gamoxatavdnen Tvalaxveuls, romelsac cal xelSi saswori eWira, xolo meoreSi _ maxvili].

Teokratia [berZn. theos _ RmerTi kratos _ xelisufleba] _ (polit.). RvTismsaxurTa (samRvdeloebis) politikuri Zalaufleba. Teoria [berZ. theõria] _

gamocdilebis, sazogadoebrivi praqtikis logikuri ganzoga-deba; asaxavs bunebisa da sa-zogadoebis ganviTarebis ka-nonzomierebas. 2. im ganzoga-debul debulebaTa erToli-oba, romlebic qmnian raime mecnierebas an mis erT-erT dargs; mecnierebis dargis zo-gadi, ganyenebuli safuZvlebi.

i

ignorireba [laT. ignoro _ ar vici] _ ugulebelyofa. idea [berZ. idea] _ 1. cneba,

warmodgena, romelic asaxavs sinamdviles adamianis cnobie-rebaSi da gamoxatavs adami-anis damokidebulebas samyaro-sadmi. 2. msoflmxedvelobis ZiriTadi, arsebiTi principi. 3. azri, Canafiqri. idealuri saqoneli [ingl.

ideal goods] _ (ekon.). saqoneli, romelsac SeuZlia adamianis konkretuli moTxovnileba srulad daakmayofilos da sabazro saqonlis ZiriTadi niSnebi ganasaxieros. identifikacia [laT. identi-

fiko _ vaigiveb] _ (samarT.). ga-Tanabreba; amocnoba; realuri obieqtis, saqonlis Sesabami-

27

sobis dadgena masze warmod-genil dokumentaciasTan. identuri [laT. identicus] _

(samarT., ekon.). savsebiT msgavsi, erTnairi, igiveobrivi. ierarqia [berZ. hierarchia] _

(polit.). TanamdebobaTa Tana-mimdevroba udablesidan umaR-lesisaken. izolacia [frang. isolation] _

ganmxoloeba, gancalkeveba, daSoriSoreba, gamijvna. izolacionizmi _ politi-

ka, roca qveyana uars ambobs sxva qveynebis saSinao saqme-ebSi Carevaze da amitom ar debs maTTan xelSekrulebebs. imigranti [laT. immigrans

(immigrantis) _ vinc Sesaxldeba] _ sxva qveyanaSi Casaxlebuli piri. imigracia [laT. immigro _ Se-

saxleba] _ sxva qveynis moqa-laqeTa ucxo qveyanaSi dro-ebiT an mudmiv sacxovreblad Sesvla. imitacia [laT. imitatio _

mimsgavseba] _ ekonomikuri obieqtis an procesis aranam-dvili, magram namdvils dams-gavsebuli rame. imiji [ingl. image] _

pirovnebis, firmis, saqonlis reputacia. imobilizacia (sabrunavi

saSualebebis) [laT. immobilis _ uZravi] _ moZravi qonebis uZravad gadaqceva. imperativi [laT. imperativus]

_ brZaneba; dabejiTebuli,

aucileblad Sesasrulebeli moTxovna. imperializmi [frang. impe-

rialisme < laT.] _ kolonie-bisagan Semdgari imperiis qonis idea an praqtika. impiCi [ingl. impeach] _ (sa-

marT.). 1. parlamentis winaSe piris (maT Soris, saxel-mwifos meTauris) saxelmwifo RalatSi dadanaSauleba. 2. mowmis komprometireba. impiCmenti [ingl. impeach-

ment] _ (samarT.). zogierT qve-yanaSi (mag., aSS-Si da sxv.) saxelmwifos umaRles Tanam-debobis pirTa saparlamento sasamarTloSi micemis pro-cedura. importi [ingl. import, laT.

importare] _ (ekon.). ucxouri saqonlis qveyanaSi gasayidad Semotana. (sapirisp. eqsporti). imuniteti [laT. immunitas _

ramesgan gaTavisufleba] _ (samarT.) calkeuli pirovnebis xelSeuxebloba, masze zogi-erTi kanonis gauvrcelebloba. mag., deputatis imuniteti _ sakanonmdeblo organos wevris pirovnebis xelSeuxebloba (ar SeiZleba misi dapatimreba an pasuxismgeblobaSi micema saka-nonmdeblo organos Tanx-mobis gareSe). imuniteti dip-lomatiuri _ diplomatiuri warmomadgenlis xelSeuxeb-loba da misi binis Seuvaloba. inauguracia [ingl. inaugu-

ration] _ (dipl.). axali prezi-dentis saxelmwifos saTaveSi

28

oficialurad Cadgomis sazei-mo ceremonia. indemniteti [germ. Indemnität,

ingl. indemnity] _ saerTa-Soriso samarTalSi: zaralis anazRaureba. indeqsi [laT. index] _ (ekon.).

ekonomikur-statistikuri maC-venebeli; SefardebiTi saxiT gamoxatavs raime ekonomikuri movlenis cvalebadobas dro-Si. mag., fasebis indeqsi, xelfasis indeqsi da misT. indikatori [laT. indicator] _

saorientacio ekonomikuri maC-venebeli; iZleva ekonomikuri procesebis mosalodneli mi-marTulebiT ganviTarebis pro-gnozirebis SesaZleblobas. indosamenti, Jiro [germ.

Indossament] _ dokumentze xelmowera, riTac is sxva pirs gadaecema. 1. (finans.). fasiani qaRaldis (Cveuleb-riv, Tamasuqis) ukana gverdze warwera, rac adasturebs mis gadacemas sxva pirze. 2. (samarT.). xelmowera, riTac dokumenti iuridiul Zalas iZens. 3. polisze minaweri, riTac polisSi aRniSnul Tanxas Rebulobs mzRveveli. industria [laT. industria _

saqmianoba] _ (ekon.). mrewve-loba, gansakuTrebiT msxvili (mZime). induqcia [laT. inductio] _

azrovnebis meTodi _ kerZo faqtebidan zogadi daskvnis gamoyvana. (sapirisp. deduqcia).

ineqciebi [laT. injectio] _ ekonomikaSi fuladi saxsrebis (kapitalis) erTjeradi daban-deba. investireba [ingl. invest] _

(ekon.). kapitalis dabandeba; fulis Cadeba biznesSi. investicia [germ. Investition] _

kapitalis grZelvadiani daban-deba raime warmoebaSi, umTav-resad fasiani qaRaldebis: aqciebis, obligaciebisa da sxvaTa Sesyidvis saxiT. investori [laT. investor _

meanabre] _ iuridiuli an fizikuri piri, romelic axorcielebs investiciebs, abandebs sakuTar, nasesxeb an mozidul saxsrebs misTvis sasurvel proeqtSi. inventari [laT. inventarium] _

sawarmoo daniSnulebisa da sameurneo moxmarebis sagnebi. invoisi [ingl. invoice] _

(ekon.). angariS-faqtura; zedna-debi. iniciativa [frang. initiative]

_ Taosnoba raime saqmeSi. mag., sakanonmdeblo iniciativa _ sakanonmdeblo organoSi kanonproeqtebis Setana. inkasacia [ital. incassare] _

(finans.). saTanado dokumentis wardgeniT fulis miReba. inkaso [ital. incasso] _

saSuamavlo sabanko operacia fuladi saxsrebis gadamxde-lisagan mimRebze gadacemis Sesaxeb. inkognito [laT. incognitus _

ucnobi] _ (samarT.). vinaobis

29

gaumJRavnebloba, farulad yofna. inkorporacia [laT. incur-

poratio] _ 1. Tavis Semadgen-lobaSi sxva organizaciis CarTva, SemoerTeba. 2. (samarT.) adre gamocemul kanonTa Tavmoyra da sistematizacia maTSi arsebiTi cvlilebis Seutanlad. inkriminireba [laT. in -Si

da crimen _ braldeba] _ (samarT.). bralis dadeba, dada-naSauleba. inovacia [laT. innovatio] _

(ekon.). fulis dabandeba mecni-erebaSi, teqnika-teqnologiis ganaxlebaSi. inJiniringi [ingl. ingineering,

laT. ingenium -gan, _ gamomgo-nebloba] _ (ekon.). axali sain-Jinro-sakonsultacio momsaxu-reba. insaideri [ingl. inside _

SigniT] _ piri, romelic daSvebulia firmis saqmianobis saidumlo (arasajaro) infor-maciebze Tavisi Tanamdebobis wyalobiT. insinuacia [laT. insinuatio] _

(samarT.). saxelis gamtexi ciliswameba, monaWori. iunsitral-i [ingl. UNCIT-

RAL] _ saerTaSoriso savaWro samarTlis gaeros komisia. inspiracia [laT. inspiratio] _

(samarT.). vinmes waqezeba. instancia [laT. instantio] _

erTmaneTis daqvemdebarebuli saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis

organoTa calkeuli rgoli, safexuri. institucionaluri poli-

tika [laT. institutum _ dad-gena] _ saxelmwifos Ronis-Ziebebi arsebuli institu-tebis Secvlis an axlis Camosayalibeblad, umetesad, ekonomikisa da samarTlis sferoebSi. instruqcia [laT. instructio _

darigeba] _ saxelmZRvanelo miTiTebebi; specialur norma-tiul dokumentebSi Camoyali-bebuli samsaxureobrivi qce-vis wesebi. integracia [laT. integer _

mTeli] _ ekonomikuri subieq-tebis gaerTianeba, maTi urTi-erTqmedebis gaRrmaveba, kavSi-rebis ganviTareba. intensiuri [laT. intensio] _

(ekon.). 1. daZabuli, gaZliere-buli. 2. ukeTesi Sedegis, nayofierebis momcemi. (sapi-risp. eqstensiuri). intensifikacia _ (ekon.). re-

sursuli potencialis inten-siuri gamoyenebiT warmoebis efeqtianobis amaRleba. intervencia [laT. interventio]

_ (polit.). erTi saxelmwifos Careva sxva saxelmwifos saSinao saqmeebSi (umTavresad, samxedro xasiaTis). interneti [ingl. internet] _

globaluri kompiuteruli qseli, romelic iZleva tevad specializebul sainformacio servisze daSvebis saSualebas da uzrunvelyofs eleqtro-nul fostas.

30

internireba [laT. internus _ saSinao] _ (samarT.). Tavisuf-lebis SezRudvis (iZulebiTi dakavebis) ganxorcielebis spe-cialuri reJimi, romelsac adgens meomari mxare meore mxaris samoqalaqo pirebis mimarT an neitraluri saxelmwifo mis teritoriaze myofi meomari mxareebis samxedroTa mimarT. internet-merketingi _

marketingi internetSi, rome-lic veb-saitebis gamoyenebiTa da eleqtro fostiT infor-maciis mizanmimarTuli gagzav-na xorcieldeba. interpoli [ingl. Interpol] _

sisxlis samarTlis policiis saerTaSoriso organizacia. interpretacia [laT.

interpretatio] _ risame (kanonis, precedentis da misT.) azris axsna, ganmarteba. intercesia [laT. intercessio]

_ samoqalaqo samarTalSi: iuridiuli Careva _ Tavis Tavze aReba sxvisi valis, valdebulebis da sxv. interfeisi _ sxvadasxva

saSualebebisa (programuli, enobrivi, teqnikuri da sxv.) da wesebis erToblioba, romelic uzrunvelyofs kavSirs prog-ramul sistemebs, teqnikur mowyobilobebs, momxmarebleb-sa da TviT sistemebs Soris. intraneti [ingl. Intranet] _

internetis teqnologiaze dafuZnebuli korporatiuli eleqtronuli qseli.

inflacia [laT. inflatio _

gaberva] _ (ekon.). qveyanaSi qaRaldis fulis gaufasure-ba; Sedegia qaRaldis fulis gadaWarbebuli gamoSvebisa an bazarze saqonlis simcirisa; mJRavndeba saqonelze fasebis zrdaSi, rac am saqonlis warmoebis xarisxis amaRlebiT ar aris gamowveuli. informatika _ samecniero

disciplinebis erToblioba, romlis problematika sxvadas-xva aspeqtiT dakavSirebulia gamomTvleli da komunikaci-uri teqnikis Seqmnasa da gamoyenebasTan. informacia [laT. informatio]

_ raime Setyobineba raimes Sesaxeb. infrastruqtura [laT.

infrastruqtura _ maxloblad] _ mrewvelobisa da soflis meurneobis momsaxure dargebi (mag., xidebi, gzebi, sazkveba, kavSirgabmuloba da sxv.). incidenti [laT. incidens _

rac xdeba] _ (samarT.). usia-movno SemTxveva, gaugebroba. ipoTeka [berZ. hipothēkē _

girao] _ (ekon.). 1. uZravi qonebis dagiraveba (umetesad, miwis an nagebobis) sesxis misaRebad. 2. TviT dagira-vebuli uZravi qoneba. ireita [laT. erreta] _

(samarT.). xelmowera doku-mentze (mag., sertifikatze), romelic misi gaformebis dros umniSvnelo an beWdviTi Secdomis Sesworebas adastu-rebs.

31

istebliSmenti [ingl. estab-lishment] _ 1. (polit.). xeli-suflebis privilegiuri jgu-febi; mTeli sistema. 2. gavle-niani pirebi (mecnierebis rome-lime dargis da sxv.). 3. (ekon.) mogebis maRali done, mdgradi mdgomareoba sazogadoebaSi, SeZlebulad cxovreba. iuridikuli [laT. juridicus _

samosamarTlo] _ rac dakav-Sirebulia uflebriv, samara-Tlis normebTan; maT Seswav-la-gamoyenebasTan. iurisdiqcia [laT. jurisdictio

_ samosamarTlo warmoeba] _ marTlmsajulebis, samosamar-Tlo saqmis warmoebis ufleba, gansjadoba. 2. saqmeebi, romle-bic ama Tu im dawesebulebis warmoebas eqvemdebareba. iuriskonsulti [laT. juris-

consultus _ samarTlismcodne] _ konsultanti, dawesebulebis TanamSromeli iuristi _ iuri-diuli rCevebis mimcemi, am da-wesebulebisa da misi Tanam-Sromlebis interesebis damc-veli. iurisprudencia [laT.

jurisprudentia] _ 1. samarTali, samarTalmcodneoba, iuridiul mecnierebaTa erToblioba. 2. iuristTa profesiuli moRva-weoba, sasamarTlo praqtika. iuristi _ samarTlisa da

kanonis mcodne, iuridiul fa-kultetdamTavrebuli, iuris-prudenciaSi momuSave piri, samarTalmcodne.

iusticia [laT. Justicia] _ 1. marTlmsajuleba, sasamarTlo warmoeba. 2. sasamarTlo dawe-sebulebaTa sistema, sasamarT-lo uwyeba. ijara [laT. orrendare _ gaqi-

raveba] _ (ekon.). qonebis (miwis) gacema misi mepatronis mier droebiTi sargeblo-bisaTvis sxva pirebze saxelSekrulebo pirobebiT.

k kabala [arab. kabala _

valdebuleba] _ 1. ekonomikuri damokidebulebis mZime forma, romelSic eqcevian is pirebi, romlebmac Znelad dasabru-nebeli sesxi miiRes; iuridi-uli aqti, riTac gaformebu-lia savalo valdebuleba. 2. sruli damokidebuleba vin-meze. kadastri [frang. cadastre _

reestri] _ (ekon.). uZravi qonebis aRwera-Sefaseba saga-dasaxado mizniT. kazualoba, kazuali [laT.

casualis _ SemTxveva] _ SemTx-veviToba; ris ganzogadebac ar xerxdeba. kazuisti _ 1. iuristi,

romelic daxelovnebulia rTuli, daxlarTuli saqmis gaxsnaSi. 2. (gadat.). ityvian adamianze, romelic gawafu-lia kazuistikaSi. kazuistika [laT. casus _

SemTxveva] _ zogadi iuridi-uli normebis ganxilva kerZo SemTxvevebTan dakavSirebiT.

32

kazus beli [laT. casus belli] _ uSualo formaluri sababi saxelmwifoTa Soris saomari mdgomareobis warmoSobisaT-vis. kazus federisi [laT. casus

foederis] _ iuridiuli faqtebi, garemoebani an pirobebi, romelTa dadgomac avalde-bulebs saerTaSoriso xelSek-rulebis monawile saxelmwi-fos, xelSekrulebiT aRebuli valdebulebebidan gamomdi-nare, ganaxorcielos garkve-uli qmedebani (mag., ekono-mikuri an samxedro daxmareba da sxv.). kazusi [laT. casus] _ 1. kerZo

SemTxveva. 2. sasamarTlo praqtikaSi: rTuli, daxlar-Tuli saqme. 3. iseTi moqmedeba, romelsac garegnulad aqvs danaSaulis niSnebi, magram aklia braldebis elementebi da amitom dausjelia. kalkulacia [laT. calculatio _

angariSi] _ (ekon.). erTeuli nakeTobis warmoebasa da rea-lizaciaze gaweuli danaxar-jebis jami. kanoni [berZ. kanōn] _ 1. wesi,

norma, ZiriTadi debuleba. 2. (samarT.). xelisuflebis mier dadgenili yovlad savalde-bulo wesi. 3. sagnebsa da mov-lenebs Soris arsebuli urTi-erTdamokidebuleba; kanonzo-miereba. kanonikuri [berZ. kanonikos] _

(gadat.). mtkiced dadgenili, nimuSad miRebuli.

kapitali [laT. capitalis _

mTavari] _ (ekon.). farTo gage-biT _ yvelaferi, rasac Semo-savlis motana SeuZlia an xalxis mier saqonlisa da momsaxurebis warmoebisaTvis Seqmnili resursebi. viwro ga-gebiT _ saqmeSi dabandebuli, Semosavlis momtani wyaro warmoebis saSualebebis saxiT (fizikuri kapitali); invest-ticia. kapitalizmi [ingl. capita-

lism] _ ekonomikuri sistema, sadac fuli, qoneba da sxva fondebi individebis mflobe-lobaSia da sadac ekonomikas marTavs moTxovna, xolo sabazro Zalebi gansazRvraven fasebsa da miwodebas. kapitulacia [laT. capitulare]

_ saomari moqmedebebis dros SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mier winaaRmdegobis Sewyveta. kardinaluri [laT. cardinalis

_ mTavari] _ (polit., ekon.). ZiriTadi, umTavresi, umniSvne-lovanesi. karineqsi [ingl. Currenex] _

eleqtronuli safondo birJa (aSS-Si). kart-blanSi [frang. carte

blanche _ xelmowerili sufTa furceli, `TeTri baraTi~] _ (gadat.). ganusazRvreli rwmu-nebani; moqmedebis sruli Tavi-sufleba. kasacia [laT. cassatio _

gauqmeba] _ 1. sasamarTlos ganaCenis gadasinjva zemdgom sasamarTlo instanciaSi. 2.

33

gancxadeba sasamarTlos gana-Cenis (gadawyvetilebis) gada-sinjvis Sesaxeb. kauza [laT. causa] _ mizezi. kauzaluri [laT. causalis] _

(samarT.). mizezobrivi. kaf-i [ingl. CAF] _ saer-

TaSoriso vaWrobaSi: saqonlis gadazidvis piroba, romelSic CarTulia am saqonlis mita-nisa da transportirebis xar-jebi (dazRvevis gareSe) gam-yidvelidan im adgilamde, sa-dac myidvelma igi unda miiRos. ke d’ orse [frang. Quai d’

Orsay] _. sagareo saqmeTa sami-nistros rezidencia (safr.). `kenguru~ [ingl. kangaroo] _

kanonproeqtis ganxilvisas gamoyenebuli sistema, roca zogierTi muxli saerTod ar ganixileba, pirdapir kenWi eyreba, xolo Semdegi sakiTxis ganxilva grZeldeba. kvazi [laT. quas] _ (ekon.).

moCvenebiTi, aranamdvili; TiTqmis msgavsi. kvalificireba [ingl. qualify]

_ (samarT). 1. Sefaseba; piro-bebis Sesabamisoba. 2. Sez-Rudva (uflebisa). kvorumi [laT. quorum] _

krebis monawileTa is raode-noba, romelic aucilebelia krebis dadgenilebis kanoni-erad cnobisaTvis. kvota [laT. quota _ TiTo-

eulis wili] _ (ekon., samarT). dadgenili wili, miRebuli

norma, dasaSvebi raodenoba risame. klasifikacia [laT. classis _

Tanrigi da facio _ vakeTeb] _ sagnebis (movlenebis, cnebebis) dayofa, dajgufeba ganmasx-vavebel niSan-TvisebaTa mixed-viT. klauzula [laT. clausula _

daskvna] _ (samarT). Saer-TaSoriso xelSekrulebis an SeTanxmebis gansakuTrebuli xasiaTis mqone debuleba, sagangebo piroba. klerki [ingl. clerk] _ moxe-

le (mag., ofisis, angariS-warmoebis da misT.). klienti [ingl. client] _

(ekon.). 1. is, vinc profesi-onalis mier gaweul momsa-xurebaSi fuls ixdis. 2. (samarT.). piri, romelsac advo-kati warudgens saqmismwar-moeblebs. 3. (bizn.). mudmivi momxmarebeli. kliringi [ingl. clearing] _

(finans.). unaRdo angariSswo-rebis erT-erTi forma. koalicia [laT. coalitio] _

(polit.). pirTa, partiaTa an saxelmwifoTa gaerTianeba saerTo miznis misaRwevad. kodeqsi [laT. codex _ wigni]

_ (samarT). gansazRvruli wesiT sistemaSi moyvanili oficialur kanonTa krebuli. kodifikacia, kodificireba

[laT. codex _ wigni da facio _ vakeTeb] _ (samarT). yvela kano-nis erTad Tavmoyra ofici-alur samarTlebriv kodeqsSi.

34

koimperiumi [laT. co(n) _ erTad da imperium _ xeli-sufleba] _ (polit.). ramdenime saxelmwifos erToblivi bato-noba sxvis teritoriaze, romelsac sagangebo saerTa-Soriso statusi eniWeba. kolegia [laT. collegium] _

Tanamdebobis pirTa jgufi, romlebic qmnian administra-ciul, saTaTbiro an ganmkar-gulebel organos. kolizia [laT. collisio] _

(samarT.). sapirispiro Sexedu-lebaTa, miswrafebaTa, interes-Ta Sejaxeba; winaaRmdegoba (kanonTa muxlebis da misT.). koliziuri norma [laT.

collisio _ Sejaxeba] _ saerTaSo-riso kerZo samarTlis norma, romelic miuTiTebs, Tu rome-li saxelmwifos samarTali unda iqnes gamoyenebuli saerTaSoriso xasiaTis mqone samoqalaqo, saojaxo, SromiTi an sxva urTierTobis regu-lirebis dros. komandituri amxanagoba

[frang. commandite `ndobaze damyarebuli amxanagoba~] _ warmoebis iseTi organiza-ciul-samarTlebrivi forma, romlis monawileTagan erTni (komplimentarebi, sruli amxa-nagobebi) mTeli Tavisi qone-biT ageben pasuxs, meoreni (komanditistebi, meanabreebi) ki _ mxolod am wamowyebaSi dabandebuli TavianTi kapi-taliT.

komentari [ingl. commentary] _ 1. saxelmZRvanelo, romelic kanonebis ganmartebebs iZleva. 2. mokle SeniSvnebi, romlebic sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebiT mTavari sakiTxebis komenti-rebas axdenen. komersanti [frang. comer-

cant] _ piri, romelic komer-cias eweva. komercia [laT. commercium]

_ vaWroba da savaWro-saSuamav-lo saqmianoba mogebis misaRe-bad. farTo gagebiT _ mewarmeoba. komivoiaJori [frang. commis

voyageur] _ savaWro Suamavali, romelic firmis davalebiT saqonlis myidvelebs eZebs, avrcelebs saqonlis nimuSebsa da sxv. komisioneri [frang. commi-

ssionnaire] _ piri, romelic Suamavlobs savaWro garage-bebSi da amisaTvis garkveul gasamrjelos iRebs. komitenti [laT. commitens _

davalebis mimcemi] _ (samarT.). piri, romelic davalebas aZlevs sxva pirs (komisioners) dados garkveuli garigeba Tavisi saxeliT, magram komi-tentis xarjze. komiteti [frang. commité] _

adamianebis oficialuri jgu-fi, arCeviTi organo, romelic saxelmwifo, sameurneo, sazo-gadoebrivi saqmianobis rome-lime sferos xelmZRvanelobs. kompania [ingl. company] _

iuridiuli an fizikuri

35

pirebis gaerTianeba raime sargeblis misaRebad. kompensacia [laT. compen-

satio] _ (ekon.). miyenebuli zianis an zaralis anazRa-ureba; sazRauri. kompetencia [laT. compe-

tentia] _ uflebamosilebaTa sfero, romelic aqvs dawe-sebulebas an Tanamdebobis pirs. igi kanonebis, norma-tiuli dokumentebis, wesde-bebis, mixedviT ganisazRvreba. kompiuteri [ingl. computer]

_ eleqtronuli cifruli gamomTvleli manqana, romelic iTvlis an agrovebs informa-cias da avtomaturad amuSa-vebs mas. komponenti [laT. componens]

_ risame Semadgeneli nawili. komprometireba [frang.

compromettre] _ vinmesTvis saxelis gatexa, reputaciis Selaxva (visime winaSe). kompromisi [laT. compro-

missum] _ (ekon., polit., samarT.). urTierTdaTmobiT miRweuli SeTanxmeba. komunikacia [ingl. commu-

nication] _ informaciis gada-cema; oficialuri Setyobineba. komunike [frang. communiqué]

_ 1. oficialuri Setyobineba saerTaSoriso molaparakebis mimdinareobisa da Sedegebis Sesaxeb. 2. saerTod, ofici-aluri cnoba raime sakiTxis Sesaxeb. kongresi [laT. congresus _

Sexvedra] _ 1. farTo Semad-

genlobis TaTbiri, yriloba (upiratesad, saerTaSoriso). 2. aSS-Si arCeuli federaluri sakanonmdeblo organo. kongruencia [laT. congru-

entia] _ (dipl.). Sesabamisoba, Tanxvdeniloba, Tanazomiereba. kondominiumi [laT. condo-

minium] _ saerTaSoriso samarTalSi: romelime terito-riis marTva ori an ramdenime saxelmwifos mier. konvencia [laT. conventio _

SeTanxmeba, xelSekruleba] _ (samarT.). saxelmwifoTa Soris raime konkretul sakiTxze dadebuli xelSekruleba. konvergencia [laT. conver-

gens _ rac emTxveva rasme] _ (ekon.). raime niSan-TvisebaTa damTxveva erTmaneTisagan damoukidebel movlenebSi. konversia [laT. conversio _

Secvla] _ (finans.). winaT gamoSvebuli saxelmwifo sesxis pirobebis Secvla (procentis Semcireba, ga-daxdis vadis gadaweva da sxv.). konvertireba [laT. conversio

_ Secvla, gadacvla] _ (finans.). erTi qveynis valutis gadacvla sxva qveynis valutaze. koniunqtura [laT. conjun-

ctura] _ (ekon.). Seqmnili vita-reba, ekonomikuri situacia, romelic bazarze moTxovna-miwodebis arsebuli urTier-TobiT xasiaTdeba. konkordati [laT. concorda-

tum _ SeTanxmeba] _ specia-lu-

36

ri xelSekruleba romis kaTo-likur eklesiasa da saxelm-wifos Soris, romliTac eklesias garkveuli uflebebi da privilegiebi eniWeba. konkurencia [laT.

concurrentia _ Sejaxeba] _ (ekon.). 1. metoqeoba upiratesobis mosapoveblad raime sakiTxze. 2. kerZo mwarmoebelTa brZola saqonlis warmoebisa da gasa-Rebis xelsayreli (momgebiani) pirobebisaTvis. konkursi [laT. concursus _

Tavmoyra, Sejaxeba] _ Sejib-reba monawileTa Soris sauke-Tesos gamosavlenad (premiis misaRebad, Tanamdebobis dasa-kaveblad da sxv.). konosamenti [frang.

connaissement] _ (ekon., samarT.). dokumenti, xelSekruleba, tvirTis gadazidvis Taobaze, romelic tvirTis gamgzavnsa da satransporto kompanias Soris formdeba. konsaltingi [ingl. consul-

ting] _ ekonomikisa da sxva sakiTxebze konsultaciuri momsaxureba. konsensualuri [laT. consen-

sus _ Tanxmoba] _ SeTanxmebiTi. konsensualuri xelSekruleba _ mxareTa zepir SeTanxmebaze dafuZnebuli xelSekruleba. konsensusi [laT. consensus _

Tanxmoba, erTsulovneba] _ sadavo sakiTxze molapara-kebaTa gziT mxareTa Soris SeTanxmebis miRweva.

konservacia [laT. conservatio] _ ekonomikuri procesis, saqmi-anobis an obieqtis mSeneb-lobis gaurkveveli vadiT SeCereba. konsignacia [laT. consignatio

_ werilobiTi dasabuTeba] _ saqonlis sazRvargareT sako-misio gagzavna-yidvis erT-erTi forma. konsignanti _ saqonlis (tvirTis) mesakuTre da gamgzavni. konsignatori _ saqonlis (tvirTis) mimRebi da gamyidveli. konsolebi [ingl. consols] _

(finans.). saxelmwifo sesxis obligaciebi, romelTac aqvT arsebobis SeuzRudavi (an grZelvadiani) xangrZlivoba. konsolidacia [laT. consoli-

datio _ gamagreba, Sezrda] _ 1. ori an ramdenime firmis, kompaniis gaerTianeba, Serwyma. 2. moklevadiani saxelmwifo sesxis grZelvadianad (an uvadod) Secvla. konsorciumi [laT. consortium

_ monawileoba] _ (ekon.). saer-To SeTanxmebis safuZvelze sxvadasxva kompaniebis, banke-bis droebiTi gaerTianeba raime msxvili finansuri operaciis Casatareblad. konspiracia [laT. conspiratio

_ SeTqmuleba] _ (samarT.). saidumlos mkacrad dacva. konstatacia [frang. consta-

tation _ (samarT.). risame dad-gena, arsebobis dadastureba. konstitutiuri [frang. cons-

titutif] _ (samarT.). arsebiTi,

37

ZiriTadi; risame ganmsazR-vreli. konstitucia [laT. constitutio

_ dadgena] _ (samarT.). saxelmwifos ZiriTadi kanoni, romliTac qveyana imarTeba; gansazRvravs saxelmwifo wyo-bilebas, saarCevno sistemas, saxelmwifo organoebis Seqm-nisa da moqmedebis principebs, moqalaqeTa ZiriTad ufleba-movaleobebs. konstituciuri _ (samarT.).

konstituciasTan dakavSire-buli, masze damyarebuli. konstituciuri monarqia _ saxelmwifo wyobileba, roca monarqis xelisufleba kons-tituciiT SezRudulia. konstruqciuli [ingl.

constructive] _ (polit., dipl.). qmedeba, rac raimes gakeTebaSi gvexmareba. konsuli [laT. consul] _

(dipl.). ucxo qalaqSi myofi ufrosi diplomatiuri Tanam-debobis piri, romelic exam-reba Tavisi qveynis moqa-laqeebs da icavs maT biznes-interesebs. konsumenti [ingl. consume _

moxmareba] _ (vaWr.). saqonlisa da momsaxurebis momxmarebeli. kontingenti [laT. contingens

_ urTierTSexeba] _ (ekon.). saxelmwifo organoebis mier gansazRvrul qveynebSi zogi-erTi saqonlis Setanis, gamo-tanis an tranzitis dadgenili zRvruli normebi. konto [ital. conto] _

(finans.). angariSi.

kontomati _ fulis gacemis avtomati sabanko-sakredito baraTis gamoyenebiT. konto-separato [ital.

conto separato] _ calke angariSi. kontrabanda [ital. kontra-

bando] _ (ekon., samarT.). 1. saqonlisa da sxva faseulo-bis ukanono gatana-Semotana sazRvarze. 2. TviT farulad gadaziduli saqoneli. kontradiqti [ingl.

contradict] _ ar daTanxmeba an zustad sapirispiros Tqma. kontradiqcia [ingl. contra-

diction] _ winaaRmdegoba. kont-radiqtori _ mowinaaRmdege. kontrafaqcia [frang. contra-

pection _ yalbismqneloba] _ (ekon., samarT.). raimes keTeba sxvisi saxeliT, ukanono gamoyenebiT. kontraqti [laT. contractus] _

(samarT.). iuridiulad saval-debulo SeTanxmeba or an ramdenime pirs Soris, romli-Tac gansazRvrulia maT mier Sesasrulebeli moqmedeba da pasuxismgebloba am moqmedebis SesrulebisaTvis. kontrahenti [laT. contrahens

_ SeTanxmebuli] _ (samarT.). piri an dawesebuleba, romel-mac garigebiT raime valde-buleba ikisra. kontribucia [laT. contributio]

_ (ekon., samarT.). iZulebiTi gadasaxdeli an qonebis amoReba omSi damarcxebuli saxelmwifosagan.

38

kontroli [frang. contrôle] _ (finans.). risame Semowmeba; obieqtis sameurneo-safinanso saqmianobis Semowmeba. kontroferta [laT. contra _

winaaRmdeg da offertus _ SeTa-vazebuli] _ (ekon., samarT.). Tanxmoba SeTavazebuli xel-Sekrulebis dadebaze, magram sxva pirobebiT, vidre pirveli variantiT iyo Cafiqrebuli, gaTvaliswinebuli. konfederacia [laT. confede-

ratio] – (polit.). saxelmwifo-ebrivi mowyobis forma, damo-ukidel saxelmwifoTa kavSiri garkveuli miznebis misaRwevad xelSekrulebis safuZvelze. konfidencialuri [laT.

confidentia _ ndoba] _ (samarT.). saidumlo. konfiskacia [laT. konfiskatio]

_ (samarT.). kerZo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli qonebis iZulebiTi da usasyidlod CamorTmeva, romelic sasamarTlos gadawy-vetilebiT an am rwmunebis mqone administraciuli orga-noebis mier xorcieldeba. konfliqti [laT. conflictus _

Sejaxeba] _ (samarT.). wina-aRmdegoba Sexedulebebsa da urTierTobebSi, sawinaaRmdego interesebis Sejaxeba; cxare kamaTi. konformizmi [laT. conformis

_ msgavsi, xelsayreli] _ erT-gvarovnoba, uZraoba, Semgu-ebloba, SemTanxmebloba. konfrontacia [frang. conf-

rontation] _ (samarT.). urTierT-

dapirispireba, urTierTwina-aRmdegoba. koncentracia [laT. concent-

ratio] _ (ekon.). risame mogro-veba, Tavmoyra, erTad dajgu-feba. konceptualuri [laT.

conceptus] _ azrobrivi. koncerni [ingl. concern] –

(ekon.). sawarmoTa msxvili gaerTianeba, romlebic erTma-neTTan dakavSirebulia saer-To interesebiT, xelSekrule-bebiT, kapitaliT, erTobliv saqmianobaSi monawileobiT. koncesia saerTaSoriso

[laT. concessio _ nebarTva, daTmoba] _ (samarT.). saxelm-wifos mier ucxoeTis firmi-saTvis uflebis micema awar-moos mis teritoriaze buneb-rivi resursebis eqsploatacia, samrewvelo-ekonomikuri xasi-aTis saqmianoba. koncesioneri [ingl. conce-

ssionaire] _ (vaWr.). piri, romel-sac ufleba aqvs iyos produq-ciis erTaderTi gamyidveli romeliRac adgilze. koncefcia [laT. conceptio] _

SexedulebaTa sistema. kooperacia [laT. cooperatio

_ TanamSromloba] _ fizikuri pirebis gaerTianeba nebayof-lobiTi gawevrianebis safuZ-velze koleqtiuri mewarmeobi-saTvis. kooptacia [laT. cooptatio] _

arCeviTi organos axali wevrebis arCeva amomrCevelTa daukiTxavad.

39

koordinacia [laT. coordi-natio] _ raime moqmedebis, saqmianobis (umetesad, marTvis procesebis) SeTanxmeba. korespondenti [laT. corres-

pondare _ mauwyebeli] _ banki an sxva finansuri organi-zacia, romelic sxva msgavsi organizaciebis finansur da komerciul davalebebs asru-lebs. korneri [ingl. corner _

kuTxe] _ (ekon.). piris an pirTa jgufis Segnebuli moqmedeba, romlebic bazarze procesis msvlelobisa da fasebis awe-vis kontrolis xelSi Casag-debad saqonlis xelovnur deficits qmnian, rasac kont-raqtebisa da realuri saqon-lis masiuri SesyidviT aRweven. korporacia [laT. corporatio]

_ pirTa jgufi, gaerTianebuli saerTo miznebis misaRwevad da erToblivi saqmianobis gansa-xorcieleblad, iuridiuli piris uflebiT. korufcia [laT. corruptio] _

(samarT.). Tanamdebobis pirTa mosyidva. kotireba [frang. coter] _

(finans.). saqonlis, fasiani qaRaldebisa da ucxouri valutis sabirJo kursis oficialurad dadgena da gamocxadeba. krediti [laT. creditum _

vali] _ 1. saqonlis an fulis gacema sesxad. (sapirisp. debeti) 2. garkveuli xarjebis

gasawevad gacemuli Tanxa. 3. fuli, romelic misaRebi aqvs kompanias. kreditori [laT. creditor] _

piri an organizacia, romel-mac gasca saqoneli an fuli kreditad; piri, romlis mi-marTac vinmem valdebuleba ikisra; mevale. (sapirisp. debi-tori). pirvelrigiseuli (pre-ferenciuli) kreditori _ kre-ditori, romelsac pirvel rigSi unda gadauxadon, Tuki kompania likvidirebuli iqne-ba. krizisi ekonomikuri [berZ.

krisis] _ qveynis, regionis, msoflios ekonomikuri mdgo-mareobis mkveTri gauareseba, romelic vlindeba warmoebis mniSvnelovan SemcirebaSi, eko-nomikuri kavSirebis gawyveta-Si, sawarmoTa gakotrebaSi, umuSevrobis zrdasa da xal-xTa cxovrebis donis daqve-iTebaSi. kriminali [laT. criminalis _

danaSaulebrivi] _ sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli. kriminalistika [laT.

criminalis _ danaSaulTan dakavSirebuli] _ iuridiuli disciplina, romelic swav-lobs sisxlis samarTlis da-naSaulis gaxsnis meTodikas, teqnikasa da taqtikas. kriminaluri [laT. criminalis]

_ (samarT.). sisxlis samarTal-Tan dakavSirebuli; danaSau-lebrivi.

40

kriminologia [laT. crimer _ danaSauli da berZ. logos _ moZRvreba] _ (samarT.). moZRv-reba danaSaulis Sesaxeb. kriteriumi [berZ. kritērion _

msjelobis, gadawyvetis saSu-aleba] _ niSan-Tviseba, romlis mixedviTac rasme afaseben, gansazRvraven, klasifikacias axdenen; sazomi, Sesadarisi saSualeba. kulisa [frang. coulisse _

farda] _ (gadat.). araofici-aluri birJa, sadac kerZo maklerebi Tavisufali wesebiT moqmedeben. kupiura [frang. coupure] _

fulis niSnis an fasiani qaRaldis erTeuli egzempla-ris saerTo saxelwodeba. kuponi [frang. coupon] _

fasiani qaRaldis nawili mosaxevi talonis saxiT. kursi [laT. cursus] _

(finans.). sxva qveynis fulis erTeulis an fasiani qaRal-dis sabirJo fasi, gamosaxuli erovnul fulad erTeulSi; fasi, romlis mixedviTac valutisa da fasiani qaRal-debis yidva-gayidva xorciel-deba. kurtaJi [frang. curtage] _

(ekon.). saSuamavlo gasamr-jelo, romelsac brokeri sabirJo garigebis ganxor-cielebis dros Rebulobs. kurtie [frang. kourtier] _

(vaWr.). makleri, agenti, Suamavali.

l lagi [ingl. lag] _ or

urTierTdakavSirebul ekono-mikur movlenas Soris (aqedan erTi mizezia, meore _ Sedegi) drois intervali. laTinuri _ romaelTa ena,

romelic saukuneebis manZilze gamoiyeneboda rogorc sasa-marTloebis ena da dResac Sedis mraval zogad iuri-diul frazaSi. mag., `de-iure~, de-faqto~ da sxv. laitmotivi [germ. Leitmotiv]

_ 1. ZiriTadi motivi. 2. (gadat.). xazgasmiT gameore-buli saxelmZRvanelo azri. lamfsumi [ingl. lump sum] _

erTdroulad gadaxdili fu-li (ara ramdenimejer mcire TanxebiT). laJi [frang. L’aggio] _

(finans.). fasiani qaRaldebis (aqciebis, obligaciebis da misT.) kursis aweva maT nominalur RirebulebasTan SedarebiT; igivea, rac aJio. lataria [ital. lotteria] _

nivTebis an fulis gaTamaSeba bileTebiT. latenturi [ingl. latent] _

faruli an romlis uceb danaxva SeuZlebelia; bundo-vani; sityvebi kontraqtSi, romlebic or an met rames SeiZleba niSnavdes, magram erTi SexedviT SecdomaSi Semyvani ar Canan; faruli defeqti.

41

lafsusi [laT. lapsus] _ uneblie Secdoma (nawerSi, metyvelebaSi). legalizacia [laT. legalis _

kanonieri] _ (samarT.). dakano-neba, iuridiuli Zalis micema. legaluri [laT. legalis] _

kanoniT aRiarebuli, nebadar-Tuli; Ria, aSkara. legati [laT. legatus] _

(samarT.). anderZSi gaTvaliswi-nebuli davaleba _ memkvidrem misces romelime pirs garkve-uli Tanxa an qonebis nawili. legislatura [ingl.

legislature] _ sakanonmdeblo xelisufleba, mag., parlamenti. legistebi [laT. lex (ligis) _

kanoni] _ Sua saukuneebSi: iuristebi, romlebic xels uwyobdnen romauli samarTlis gavrcelebas dasavleT evro-paSi. legitimacia [laT. legitimus

_ kanonieri] _ (samarT.). raime uflebis an rwmunebis kanoni-erebis aRiareba an damtkiceba. legitimuri _ kanoniT neba-darTuli. levereji: `berketis prin-

cipi~ _ Tanafardoba sakuTar (aqcionerul) da nasesxeb kapitals Soris. `lei-evei~ [ingl. lag-away _

Cadeba ufro Sors] _ (finans.). gayidvis praqtika, romelic iTvaliswinebs SeTanxmebuli fasis mTlian an nawilobriv gadaxdas. `lending-biznesi~ [ingl.

lending buseness] _ (ekon., finans.).

garigeba, biznes-operacia, rom-lis Sedegebi cvlis firmis aqtivebs da finansur angariS-gebebSi aisaxeba. aseTi garage-bebia: dakrediteba, sesxis micema da misT. lendingi [ingl. landing

charges] _ (finans.). safasuri daniSnulebis portSi mosuli gemidan saqonlis CamotvirT-visaTvis. lend-lizi [ingl. lend-leasa <

lend _ sesxad micema da leasa _ ijariT gacema] _ (ekon.). qveyni-saTvis saqonlis (SeiaraReba, strategiuli nedleuli, sur-saTi da sxv.) sesxad an ijariT micema. lendlordi [ingl. landlord] _

(ekon.). piri an kompania, rome-lic Tavis sakuTrebas aqira-vebs. 1. msxvili miwaTmflo-beli. 2. binebis gamqiravebeli. liberalizacia ekonomikis

[laT. liberalisation _ Tavisuf-leba] _ ekonomikur saqmia-nobaze, mewarmeobasa da faseb-ze saxelmwifo SezRudvebis moxsna. libori [ingl. LIBOR _

London inter-bank offered Rate] _ londonis bankebis mier, Cveulebriv, 3-6 Tvis vadiT gacemuli moklevadiani kre-ditebis ganakveTebi. liz-beki [ingl. lease-back _

uku ijara] _ (ekon.). lizin-guri kompaniis mier naRdi angariSsworebiT sxva qveya-naSi damamzadebeli firmidan mowyobilobis SeZena Semd-

42

gomSi misi imave firmisaTvis ijariT misacemad. lizingi [ingl. leasing _

ijara] _ (ekon.). manqana-mowyo-bilobebisa da warmoebrivi daniSnulebis nagebobebis grZelvadiani ijara (6 Tvidan ramdenime wlamde) Semdgomi gamosyidvis SesaZleblobiT. lizholdi [ingl. leasehold] _

(ekon.). garkveuli drois gan-mavlobaSi qonebis ijariT floba. likvidacia [frang. liquidation]

_ (ekon., samarT.). risame (war-moebis da misT.) saqmianobis Sewyveta; daxurva, gauqmeba; visime mospoba. likviduri [laT. liquidus _

mimdinare] _ (finans.). ris ganaRdeba, fulad qceva advilad SeiZleba. likviduroba _ realize-

ciis, materialur faseulo-baTa naRd fulad qcevis siadvile. limiti [laT. limes _

zRvari] _ norma, romlis farglebSi dasaSvebia risame xarjva, sargebloba; zRvruli norma. linkiji [ingl. linkage] _ (sa-

marT.). birJis nebarTva Tavis klientebs gauyidon da iyidon maTgan kontraqtebi maTi Semdgomi yidva-gayidviT sxva birJaze. linCi [ingl. lynch] _

(samarT.). braldebulis (eWvmi-tanilis) Sepyroba da mokvla sasamarTlo mosmenis gareSe.

listingi [ingl. list _ sia] _ (ekon., samarT.). 1. safondo birJaze fasiani qaRaldebis savaWrod daSvebis wesi. 2. aqciebis Setana birJis koti-rebis siaSi. (sapirisp. Delis-tingi). licenzia [laT. litentia

ufleba, nebarTva] _ (ekon., samarT.). 1. nebarTva sxvadasxva saxeobis saqmianobisaTvis. aq: eqsport-importis operaciebis ganxorcielebisaTvis da misT. 2. nebarTvis damadasturebeli sabuTi. licenziari _ li-cenziis gamcemi; licenziati _ licenziis mimRebi. lobi, lobistebi [ingl.

lobb _ derefani, kuluarebi] _ rig saxelmwifoebSi gaerTia-nebebi an kerZo pirebi, romle-bic TavianTi saqmianobiT zegavlenas axdenen saxelm-wifo (gansakuTrebiT, sakanon-mdeblo) organoebis saqmia-nobaze. logika [berZ. logikē] _ 1.

mecniereba azrovnebis forme-bisa da kanonebis Sesaxeb. 2. msjelobisa da daskvnebis Tanamimdevroba. 3. Sinagani kanonzomiereba. logikuri _ 1. logikis

kanonebze dafuZnebuli. 2. Tavisi xasiaTiT, Sinagani kanonzomierebiT gapirobebu-li; Tanamimdevruli; kanonzo-mieri. logistika _ mecniereba,

romelic Seiswavlis materia-lur-teqnikuri uzrunvelyo-

43

fis, sasaqonlo-materialuri maragebis marTvis sakiTxebs. logrolingi _ sakanonm-

deblo organoebis wevrebs Soris `xmebiT vaWrobis~ praqtika. lokalizacia [laT. localis _

adgilobrivi] _ risame adgi-lis Semofargvla; garkveuli adgilidan risame gavrcele-bisaTvis xelis SeSla. lokaluri [laT. localis] _

gansazRvruli adgilisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli; adgilobrivi. lokauti [ingl. lock-out] _

sawarmoTa daxurva da muSakTa masobrivi daTxovna gaficvebis CaxSobis mizniT; blokireba. lombardi _ sakredito

dawesebuleba, romelic iZleva sesxs moZravi qonebis dagira-vebiT. londeri [ingl. launder] _

fulis `garecxva~ (gaTeTreba); ukanono an moparuli fulis gadaricxva Cveulebriv sabanko angariSze, raTa Tavidan aicilon Zieba. loti [ingl. lot] _ aq: 1.

saqonlis mTeli partia an misi saerTo raodenobis nawili, romelic gaiyideba an miewodeba xelSekrulebiT. 2. auqcionze erTad gayiduli sagnebis partia.

m magistrali [laT. magistralis

_ mTavari, warmmarTveli] _

cneba, ekonomikuri zrdis maTematikuri Teoriis termini. magnati [laT. magnatus _ mdi-

dari, warCinebuli] _ msxvili samrewvelo finansuri kapita-lis mflobeli. madam [ingl. Madam] _

(dipl.). qalbatono! Zrdilo-biani mimarTvis forma qali-sadmi (gansakuTrebiT ucnobi-sadmi). warmoiTqmis (iwereba) gvaris win. makiavelizmi _ politika,

romelic miznis misaRwevad yovelgvar saSualebas (motyu-eba, veragoba, gamcemloba, mkvleloba da misT.) amarT-lebs (italieli politikuri moRvawisa da mwerlis nikolo makiavelis gvaris mixedviT). makleri [germ. Makler] _

savaWro Suamavali. makroekonomika [berZ. macros

_ didi da ekonomika] _ ekonomikuri mecnierebis nawi-li, romelic Seiswavlis mTlianad qveynis ekono-mikas, msxvilmasStabian ekonomikur movlenebsa da procesebs. makulatura [ingl. maculature

< laT. maculo _ gasvra] _ uvargisi nawarmi, romelmac Tavisi vada daasrula; qaRal-disa da muyaos gadasa-muSavebeli narCenebi. mangonizacia _ (samarT.).

yalbi saqonlis damzadeba. mandati [laT. mandatum] _

dokumenti, romelic garkve-uli piris uflebebsa da uflebamosilebas mowmobs.

44

manera [frang. manière] _ moq-medebis, qcevis Tavisebureba; Cveva. manko [ital. manco] _ (ekon).

wonaSi dakleba saqonlis gacemisas; salaros saerTo Tanxis danaklisi. manipulireba [laT.

manipulatio] _ 1. raime rTuli moqmedeba, rTuli xerxi xeliT muSaobisas. 2. (gadat.). oini, yalTabandoba. manifesti [laT. manifestus _

aSkara] _ 1. umaRlesi xeli-suflebis werilobiTi mimar-Tva mosaxleobisadmi gansa-kuTrebuli mniSvnelobis mqone movlenis gamo. 2. politikuri partiis, sazogadoebrivi orga-nizaciis werilobiTi saprog-ramo mimarTva. mar _ (dipl.). israelSi: Ta-

namdebobis piris zrdilobi-ani mimarTvis forma mamakaci-sa da qalisadmi. warmoiTqmis (iwereba) Tanamdebobis win. marka [germ. Marke] _

saqonelze, nawarmze dasmuli niSani, romelzedac aRniSnu-lia misi damzadebis adgili, xarisxi da sxva monacemebi. marketingi [ingl. marketing <

market _ bazari] _ RonisZi-ebaTa kompleqsi, romelic saqonlis warmoebisa da rea-lizaciis gasaumjobeseblad xorcieldeba. market-meikeri [ingl. market

maker] _ safondo birJis maRalkvalificiuri muSaki, fasiani qaRaldebis menejeri.

markireba _ [frang. marquer _ aRniSvna] _ markis dasma nawarmze. marko [ital. marco] _

(finans.). monetis fasis gansaz-Rvra misi wonis da ara nomi-naluri Rirebulebis mixedviT. marJa [frang. marginal _

ganapira] _ (finans.). sxvaoba birJis biuletenSi naCveneb sabirJo saqonlis gayidvisa da yidvis fass Soris. marJinalizmi [frang.

marginal < laT. margo _ kide, sazRvari, ukiduresi] _ ekono-mikuri mimdinareoba, Teoria, romelic ekonomikur proce-sebsa da movlenebs zRvruli, namati sidideebidan an mdgoma-reobidan gamomdinare xsnis. marJinaluri, marjinaluri

[ingl. marginal] _ (ekon.). zRvar-Tan axlos arsebuli, TiTqmis sazaralo; kritikuli. marjini [ingl. margin] _ pro-

duqciis gayidvidan miRebul fulsa da masSi gadaxdil Tanxas Soris sxvaoba; mogeba. masmedia [ingl. massmedia] _

komunikaciis masobrivi saSua-lebebi (presa, radio-tele-vizia). mafia [laT. maffia] _

(samarT.). farulad organize-buli, jgufuri damnaSaveoba, erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli danaSaulebrivi jgufebi, rom-lebic saxelmwifos korumpi-rebuli moxeleebisa da orga-noebis mxardaWeriT sargeb-loben.

45

maqsimalizmi [laT. maximus _ udidesi] _ (polit.). raime ukiduresi moTxovnis wamoye-neba; gadaWarbebuloba. maqsimumi [laT. maximum] _

yvelaze meti raodenoba risame. (sapirisp. minimumi). mega [berZ. megas _ didi] _

didi zomis, uzarmazari. mega-polisi _ Tanamedrove uzarma-zari qalaqi; megaekonomika _ msoflio ekonomika. mediatori [laT. mediator _

Suamavali] _ (samarT.). momri-gebeli, Suakaci. medio [laT. medio _

Suaguli] _ sabirJo garigebis Sesrulebis vada, romelic Tvis Sua ricxvSi dgeba. mezo [berZ. mesos _ Sua,

saSualo] _ Sualeduri. meTodi [berZ. methodos] _

xerxi, wesi, wesebis sistema raime moRvaweobaSi. meloni _ (ekon.). gasanawi-

leblad gankuTvnili maRali mogeba. mesie, musie _ (dipl). saf-

rangeTSi: zrdilobiani mimar-Tvis forma mamakacisadmi. iwereba (warmoiTqmis) gvaris win. memorandumi [laT. memo-

randum _ rac unda gvaxsovdes] _ diplomatiuri dokumenti, romelSic Camoyalibebulia raime sakiTxis faqtobrivi an iuridiuli analizi, saxelm-wifos oficialuri pozicia, Tvalsazrisi; mokle Canaweri.

menejeri [ingl. manage _ marTva, ufrosi, patroni] _ profesionali mmarTveli. menejmenti [ingl. management]

_ xelmZRvanelobis, marTvis kompleqsuri sistema. merkantilizmi [ital.

mercante vaWari] _ XVI_XVIII saukuneebis ekonomikuri Teo-ria, romlis Tanaxmad mTavar rols ekonomikaSi, mogebis SeqmnaSi mimoqcevis sfero asrulebs, xolo eris simdid-re fuliT ganisazRvreba. merkantiluri _ (gadat.).

vaWruli, angarebiani. merCandaizingi [ingl.

merchandissing] _ sacalo savaWro qselSi saqonlis gasayidad momzadeba (savaWro daxlebis gawyoba, vitrinebis gaformeba da sxv.). meta [ital. meta] _ garigebis

iseTi piroba, roca mxareebi mogebasa da zarals Tanabrad iyofen. mecenati _ mecnierebisa da

xelovnebis mdidari mfarveli (romaeli politikuri moRva-wis mecenatis saxelis mixed-viT). migranti [laT. migrans] _

adamiani, romelic sacxovreb-lad gadadis erTi adgilidan meoreSi. migracia mosaxleobis [laT.

migratio] _ adamianTa gadaad-gileba. mikroekonomika [berZ. mikros

_ mcire] _ ekonomikuri mecni-erebis nawili, romelic

46

sawarmoebis (firmebis) masSta-biT mimdinare ekonomikur procesebsa da movlenebs swavlobs. miks-fondi [ingl. mixed _

Sereuli] _ iseTi investi-ciuri fondi, romelic finansebs moZrav da uZrav qonebaSi abandebs. minimumi [laT. minimum] _

yvelaze naklebi raodenoba risame. (sapirisp. maqsimumi). mister _ (dipl.). inglisSi,

aSS-Si, CineTSi, koreaSi: zrdilobiani mimarTvis forma mamakacisadmi. iwereba (warmo-iTqmis) gvaris win. modelireba ekonomikuri

[laT-dan moditus, frang. modelle _ zoma, nimuSi] _ ekonomikuri obieqtebisa da procesebis kvlavwarmoeba SezRudul, sacdel formebSi. modernizacia [frang.

moderne _ uaxlesi] _ (ekon.). raimes srulyofa, gaumjobese-ba, ganaxleba, axal teqnikur pirobebTan da xarisxobriv moTxovnebTan Sesabamisoba. modifikacia [laT. modificatio

_ cvlileba] _ (ekon.). progre-suli cvlilebebis Setana, warmoebis teqnologiis gaum-jobeseba, saxeSecvlili mode-lis Seqmna. modus-vivendi [laT. modus

vivendi _ cxovrebis wesi] _ (dipl.). 1. faqtobrivi vita-reba, Seqmnili mdgomareoba, misi aRiareba; arsebobis saSu-aleba. 2. arsebuli pirobebi,

romlebic modave mxareTa Soris droebiT iZleva nor-maluri, mSvidobiani urTier-Tobis saSualebas. modus-procedendi [laT.

modus procedendi _ qcevis wesi] _ diplomatiur praqtikaSi niS-navs, Tu rogor unda wari-marTos saqmianoba, romelic saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis moTxovnebs Seesabameba. monarqi [berZ. monarchos] _

saxelmwifos erTpirovnuli mmarTveli (mefe, imperatori da sxv.). moneta [laT. moneta] _

liTonisagan (oqro, vercxli da sxv.) damzadebuli fulis niSani. monitoringi [laT. monitor _

Semxsenebeli] _ raime mov-lenis uwyveti meTvalyureoba da analizi. monopolia [berZ. monõpilia]

_ 1. ekonomikuri situacia, rode-sac erTi piri an kompania akontrolebs mTel bazars produqciis miwo-debaSi. 2. (gadat.). upiratesoba, pirveloba raime saqmeSi. monopo-lizacia _ monopoliis damyareba. monopsonia [ingl. monopsony]

_ (ekon.). situacia, rodesac erTi piri an kompania akontrolebs mTel SesyidviT saqmianobas garkveul bazarze. moratoriumi [laT. morato-

rius _ Semakavebeli] _ 1. saer-TaSoriso samarTlis subieq-tTa SeTanxmeba raime qmedebi-

47

sagan gansazRvruli an ganu-sazRvreli vadiT TavSekave-baze. 2. (ekon.). aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesrulebis gadavadeba gansazRvruli dro-iT raime pirobis Sesru-lebamde an sagangebo mdgo-mareobis (mag., omis, stiqiuri ubedurebis) gamo. motivacia [frang. motif] _

(ekon., samarT.). 1. visime ganz-raxva saqmianobisadmi raime miznis misaRwevad. 2. raime moqmedebis, saqcielis gamomw-vevi mizezi. municipaliteti [germ.

Munizipalität] _ adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis (qalaqis) organo. mutadis mutandis [laT.

mutatis mutandis _ aucilebeli SesworebebiTa da cvlile-bebiT] _ (dipl.). saerTaSoriso samarTlebriv aqtebSi gamoye-nebuli termini. niSnavs: Secvlas imisa, rac aucileb-lad Sesacvlelia; Sesabamisi gansxvavebebis gaTvaliswine-bas; cvlilebas, romelic gamomdinareobs arsebuli ga-remoebebidan.

n nazdaq-i [ingl. NASDAQ _

National Association of Securities Dealers Automatic Quotations] _ fasiani qaRaldebis dilerebis erovnuli asociaciis avtoma-tizebuli kotirebis sistema aSS-Si.

nano [berZ. juja] _ raime sididis memiliardedi nawili

(10-9). nanoteqnologia _ atome-

bisa da molekulebis manipu-lirebis, SekavSirebisa da mowesrigebis gziT 1 dan 100 nm-mde zomis funqcionalurad gamosadegi xelsawyoebis, masa-lebisa da sistemebis Seqmna. nanoteqnologia farTo gage-biT gamoiyeneba da moicavs nanomecnierebasac, rogorc mecnierebaTa sxvadasxva dar-gebSi nanomimarTulebiT dag-rovebul sistematizebul codnas. termini nanoteqnolo-gia 1974 wels pirvelad gamo-iyena iaponelma profesorma norio taniguCim. naturalizacia [laT.

naturalis _ bunebrivi] _ saxelm-wifos mier moqalaqeobis miniWeba ucxoelis an moqa-laqeobis armqone pirisaTvis misi Txovnis safuZvelze. naturaluri [laT. naturalis _

bunebiTi] _ namdvili; buneb-rivi; Cveulebrivi; normaluri; gasagebi. nacia [laT. natio] _ eri. nacionalizacia [frang.

nationnalisatio] _ (ekon., samarT.). kerZo sakuTrebis gasxviseba an gadacema saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi. nacionalizmi [ingl. nationa-

lism] _ (polit.). sakuTari qvey-nis damoukideblobis survili. nacionalisti _ qveynis

48

damoukideblobis msurveli adamiani. nacionaluri _ erovnuli;

saxalxo; saqveyno. Nnaciona-luri reJimi _ samarTlebrivi reJimis saxe, romelic vrcel-deba mocemuli saxelmwifos teritoriaze myof sxva qveynis fizikur da iuridiul pireb-ze. negatiuri [laT. negativis] _

uaryofiTi. (sapirisp. poziti-uri). negocianti [laT. negotians _

vaWari] _ biTumad movaWre, komersanti, romelic msxvil, ZiriTadad, saerTaSoriso sa-vaWro operaciebs axorci-elebs. neitraliteti [germ. Neutra-

lität] _ saerTaSoriso samar-TalSi: saxelmwifos gansakuT-rebuli saerTaSoriso samarT-lebrivi statusi; saxelmwifos iseTi mdgomareoba, rodesac igi ar monawileobs omSi da meomari saxelmwifoebis mi-marT erTnairi pozicia ukavia. neo [< berZ. neos _ axali] _

rTuli sityvis pirveli Semad-geneli nawili; niSnavs axals. mag., neorealizmi, neopoli-tika da sxv. nepotizmi [laT. nepos _

STamomavali] _ (gadat.). Tanamdebobis pirTa mier TavianTi naTesavebis mfarve-loba; `naTlimamoba~. neto [laT. netto] _ saqonlis

wminda wona safuTavis gareSe. (sapirisp. bruto); saqonlis

fasi fasdaklebis gareSe; wminda Semosavali xarjebis gamoklebiT. nivelireba [frang. niveler] _

(gadat.). gansxvavebis mospoba. niuansi [frang. nuance] _ sul

mcire gansxvaveba rameSi. nius-meikeri [ingl. news-

makers _ axlis mkeTebeli] _ mecnierebisa da praqtikuli saqmianobis moRvawe, romelsac sazogadoebriv-ekonomikur mov-lenaTa msvlelobaze arsebiTi gavlena aqvs. nius-reliz [ingl. news-

releasa] _ xelSekrulebis dadebis dros gamoyenebuli masalebi saqonlis an TviT kompaniis Sesaxeb. novacia [laT. novatio _

ganaxleba] _ 1. arsebuli teqnikis Secvla. 2. samoqalaqo samarTalSi: mxareebis SeTan-xmeba maT mier nakisri val-debulebebis meoreTi Secvlis Sesaxeb. nominaluri [laT. nominalis] _

1. saxelobiTi: fasis amosa-vali mniSvneloba; fulis, fasiani qaRaldis nominaluri Rirebuleba (miTiTebuli fulis niSanze, fasian qaRal-dze). 2. simboluri; pirobiTi. nominacia [laT. nominatio] _

saxelis darqmeva; kandidatis dasaxeleba, wamoyeneba. nonsensi [ingl. nonsense] _

uazroba, sisulele. norma [laT. norma] _

(samarT.). dakanonebuli, dawe-

49

sebuli, savaldebulod aRia-rebuli wesi. normativi [laT. normatio] _

universaluri, farTod gavr-celebuli norma. nosro-konto [ital. nostro

conto _ `Cveni angariSi~] _ bankis sakorespondento anga-riSebi, romelTa mixedviTac sruldeba yvela operacia bankis davalebaTa Sesasru-leblad korespondentis mier. nota [laT. nota, ingl. note _

niSani, SeniSvna] _ ofici-aluri diplomatiuri werilo-biTi mimarTva erTi saxelm-wifosi meorisadmi. notabene [laT. nota _ niSani

bene _ `SeniSne kargad~] _ SeniSvna teqstSi im adgilas, romelzedac surT yuradRebis gamaxvileba (xSirad sityvis magier iwereba asoebi NB). notariati [laT. notarius] _

samsaxuri, romelic iuridi-ulad adasturebs sxvadasxva iuridiul aqts (xelSekru-leba, anderZi, mindobileba da misT.), dokumentebis aslebsa da maTze xelmowerebis namdvilobas. notariusi [laT. notarius _

mwerali, mdivani] _ Tanamde-bobis piri, romlis movale-obaa sxvadasxvagvari iuridi-uli aqtebis (xelSekruleba, mindobiloba da misT.) damowmeba, gaformeba. notisi [ingl. notice] _

uwyeba, Setyobineba; werilo-biTi Setyobineba imis Sesaxeb,

rom gemi mzadaa datvirTva an gadmotvirTvisaTvis. notifikacia [laT. notifico

gauwyeb, vacxadeb] _ 1. (dipl.). diplomatiur da saxelSekru-lebo praqtikaSi: Setyobinebis gavrcelebuli forma, rome-lic xorcieldeba saxelmwi-fos sagareo uwyebis, diplo-matiuri (sakonsulo) warmo-madgenlis, saerTaSoriso organizaciis an misi Tanam-debobis piris mier notis an sxva dokumentis gagzavnis saSualebiT. 2. (ekon.). Setyo-bineba, romelsac Tamasuqis mflobeli ugzavnis mis gamcems Tamasuqis gaprotes-tebis Sesaxeb. nou-hau [ingl. Know-how _

vici rogor] _ mecnierul-teqnikuri, teqnologiuri, komerciuli, menejmenturi an sxva saxis siaxle, romelic sazogadoebisaTvis ucnobia. nuvoriSi [frang. nouveau riche

_ axali mdidari] _ swrafad gamdidrebuli adamiani, mdida-ri metiCara, romelic gasulia sazogadoebis maRal fenebSi. nulifikacia [laT. nullificatio

_ mospoba < nullius _ araviTari] _ iuridiuli dokumentisaTvis kanonierebis CamorTmeva; fulis niSnebisa da fasiani qaRaldebis mimarT _ maTi gauqmeba. numizmatika [laT. numisma _

moneta] _ mecniereba, romelic swavlobs liTonis fulis warmoSobas.

50

nuncia, nunciusi [ital. nunzio, laT. nuntius] _ vatikanis diplomatiuri warmomadgeneli im saxelmwifoSi, romelTanac damyarebuli aqvs diploma-tiuri urTierTobebi.

o obieqturi [laT. objectum _

sagani, objectivus _ sagnobrivi] _ 1. rac Cveni cnobierebis gareT, misgan damoukideblad arsebobs. 2. miukerZoebeli. 3. Sefasebuli saerTo pozici-idan da ara dainteresebuli pirebis mxridan. obligacia [laT. obligatio _

valdebuleba] _ (finans.). fasiani qaRaldi erT warmomdgenze, romelic Semo-savals iZleva mogebis an procentis saxiT; aucileblad gasanaRdebeli valdebuleba. obligo [ital. obbligo _

valdebuleba] _ (finans.). 1. firmis davalianebaTa jami Tamasuqebis mixedviT. 2. bankSi arsebuli piradi angariSebis davTari, romelSic SeaqvT calkeul pirTa davalianeba Tamasuqebis mixedviT. obstruqcia [laT. obstructio _

Seferxeba, dabrkoleba] _ sxdomis (mag., parlamentis), krebis, visime gamosvlis CaS-la wamoZaxilebiT, xmauriT, grZeli, usagno sityviT da misT. obstruqciuli _ winaaRmdegobis Semqmneli.

odiozuri [laT. odiosus _ saZulveli] _ vinc an rac uaryofiT damokidebulebas iwvevs; metismetad usiamovno, arasasurveli. ovaluri ofisi [ingl. Oval

Office] _ aSS-is prezidentis personaluri kabineti TeTr saxlSi. `overboti~ [ingl. overbought

_ Warbi gayidva] _ (ekon.). raime saqonelze fasebis mkveTri zrda am saqonelze moTxovnis mniSvnelovani gadidebis gamo. overdrafti [ingl. overdraft

_ zegegmiT] _ (finans.). bankis moklevadiani kreditis saxe-oba, roca gadasaxdelis sidide aWarbebs saxsrebis naSTs klientis angariSze. `oversoldi~ [ingl. oversold

_ Warbi miwodeba] _ raime saqonelze fasebis mkveTri dacema bazarze am saqonlis didi miwodebis gamo. `overtaimi~ [ingl. overtime _

vadis zeviT] _ saqonlis CatirTva-gadmotvirTvis arasa-muSao, zedmet droSi, rome-lic gadidebuli tarifiT nazRaurdeba. okei! [ingl. okay!] _

dasturis SeZaxili] _ kargi! ki batono! aris! okupacia [laT. occupatio] _

romelime saxelmwifos Seia-raRebuli Zalebis mier sxva qveynis teritoriis droebiT dakaveba.

51

oligarqia [berZ. oligarchia, olios _ mcirericxovani da arche _ batonoba] _ saxelmwifo mmarTvelobaSi adamianTa mci-re jgufis politikuri da ekonomikuri batonoba. oligopolia [berZ. oligos _

patara da pōleō _ vyidi] _ (ekon.). raime saqonlis war-moebasa da vaWrobaSi ramde-nime msxvili firmis bato-noba. oligopsonia [berZ. oligos _

patara da psonia _ yidva] _ (ekon.). situacia bazarze, roca saqonlis gamyidvelebi (mwarmoeblebi) myidvelebze mniSvnelovnad metia. ombudsmeni [ingl. ombudsman]

_ saparlamento rwmunebuli, oficialuri piri, romelic ganixilavs sazogadoebis saCivrebs samTavrobo departa-mentebis Tu sxva msxvili organizaciebis mimarT. omologacia [ingl. omolo-

gatio] _ (ekon.). raime saqonlis teqnikur-ekonomikuri paramet-rebis am saqonlis momxmare-beli qveynis stantartebTan da CveulebebTan Sesabami-sobaSi moyvana. onkoli [ingl. on call _

moTxovnisTanave] _ (finans.). 1. specialuri mimdinare anga-riSi, romelsac xsnian bankebi im pirobiT, rom sesxi dai-fareba yovel momentSi erT-erTi mxaris (bankis an klientis) moTxovniT. 2. safon-do birJaze fasiani gayidvis

erT-erTi forma; zaramde, gamoZaxilemde. onkoluri garigeba _

sabazro situacia safondo birJaze, roca fasiani qaRal-dis fasi myidvelis moTxov-namde ar fiqsirdeba. on-laini [ingl. on-line _

xazze] _ sakredito baraTis emitentis kompiuterTan pir-dapiri da uSualo kavSiri, romelic garigebis dadebis momentSi am baraTis gamo-yenebiT xorcieldeba. operacia [laT. operatio _

qmedeba] _ universaluri termini, romelic aRniSnavs saqmianobis raime saxeobas. mag., ekonomikuri (maT Soris, komerciuli, menejmenturi, finansuri da misT.), iuri-diuli da sxv. opozicia [laT. oppositio _

dapirispireba] _ 1. vinmes winaaRmdeg qmedeba, winaaRm-degoba. 2. udidesi politikuri partia, romelic ewinaaRm-degeba mTavrobas. oponenti [laT. opponens _

vinc ekamaTeba visme] _ (polit.). sawinaaRmdego azris mqone piri. oportunizmi [laT.

opportunus _ sargebliani] _ (polit.). molaparakebis dros xelSemkvreli mxaris miswra-feba ise Camoayalibos SeTan-xmebis piroba, rom upirate-sobas miaRwios partniorTan mimarTebaSi, gadaakisros mas danaxarjebis didi nawili.

52

optacia [laT. optatio _ arCevani, survili] _ (samarT.). moqalaqeobis amorCeva; aseTi ufleba eniWeba im teritoriis mosaxleobas, romelic erTi saxelmwifodan meoris mflo-belobaSi gadadis. optimaluroba [laT. optimus

_ saukeTeso] _ yvelaze xel-sayreli, Sesaferi; ekono-mikuri qcevisa da qmedebis saukeTeso varianti. oratori [laT. orator] _ (po-

lit.). 1. piri, romelic sajarod warmoTqvams sityvas. 2. adamiani, romelsac exerxeba sajarod sityvebis warmoTqma; mWevrmetyveli. organizacia [laT. organiso _

vaZlev mwyobr saxeobas] _ 1. sistemaSi moyvana, mowesrigeba, mowyoba. 2. mmarTvelobis Semadgeneli nawili. 3. ada-mianTa gaerTianebis forma; dawesebuleba. organoleptikuri [berZ.

organon _ organo da leptikos _ SemsunTqveli] _ uSualod gemoTi, ynosviT, mxedvelobiT Semowmebuli. orderi [germ. Order < frang _

rigi, wesi] _ brZaneba weri-lobiTi formiT, dokumenti, romelic mis mflobels raime qmedebis (mag., fulis an saqonlis miReba, damnaSavis dapatimreba da sxv.) ganxor-cielebis uflebas aZlevs. ordinaruli [laT. ordinalis]

_ rigiTi, rigobrivi] _ rac

arafriT ar gamoirCeva; Cveu-lebrivi. orTodoqsuli [berZ. Ortho-

doxos _ marTlmorwmune] _ raime moZRvrebis, Sexedulebis ganuxrelad mimdevari; Tanamim-devruli. originali [laT. originalis _

Tavdapirveli] _ raime doku-mentis Tavdapirveli, ZiriTadi egzemplari; dedani. orientacia [laT. orientation]

_ ekonomikuri an iuridiuli subieqtis qmedebis garkveuli mimarTulebis amorCeva. oferenti, oferori _

winadadebis gamgzavni fizi-kuri an iuridiuli piri. oferti [laT. offertus _

SeTavazebuli] _ sityvieri an werilobiTi formiT SeTavaze-buli winadadeba raime xel-Sekrulebis dadebis Sesaxeb. ofisi [ingl. office] _

saerTaSoriso organizaciis, firmis oficialuri Stab-bina, Senoba, sadac imyofeba ofici-aluri warmomadgenloba, misi xelmZRvaneloba. oficialuri [laT. officialis _

Tanamdebobrivi] _ xelisuf-lebis, administraciis an Tanamdebobis piris mier dadgenili, maTgan momdinare. mag., oficialuri dokumenti. 2. mTavrobis sabuTebis, saqmiani qaRaldebis damaxasiaTebeli. mag., oficialuri stili. 3. rac yvela wesis, yvela formalobis dacviT xdeba. mag., oficialuri miwveva. 4.

53

(gadat.). ubraloebas mokle-buli; TavSekavebuli. mag., ofi-cialuri urTierToba. ofcioni [laT. optio _

arCeva, survili, neba] _ arCe-vis ufleba, romelic miiReba garkveuli gasamrjeloTi; vin-mesTvis SeTavazeba kontraqtis mogvianebiT dadebasTan dakav-SirebiT; xelSekrulebis mona-wilisaTvis garkveuli varian-tis SerCevis ufleba. SeTan-xmeba, romelic birJaze yidva-gayidvis garigebis erT-erT mxares aZlevs xelSekrulebis alternatiul pirobebs Soris amorCevis uflebas; molapara-kebis pirobebis Tanaxmad, erT-erTi mxarisaTvis miniWebuli ufleba amoirCios mis mier miRebuli movaleobis Sesru-lebis wesebi, formebi, mocu-loba an TviT uaris Tqmac valdebulebis Sesrulebaze SeTanxmebiT gansazRvrul garemoebaTa warmoSobisas. ofSori [ingl. off-shore] _

napirs gareT, sanapirodan daSorebiT, Ria zRvaSi; komer-ciuli saqmianobis organi-zaciis specifikuri forma. specialuri ekonomikuri zonis erT-erTi saxeoba. ofSoruli zona _

konkretuli saxelmwifo an misi teritoriis nawili, sadac ararezidentebisaTvis (droebiT mcxovrebi ucxoele-bi) mimzidveli (keTilsasur-veli) ekonomikur-samarTleb-rivi reJimebia dawesebuli.

p `pablik-rileiSnz~ [ingl.

public relations _ sazogadoebrivi kavSirebi] _ sazogadoebriv organizaciebs Soris arako-merciuli kavSirebis sistema, masmediis saSualebebiT sazo-gadoebriv Sexedulebaze ze-moqmedeba. pablisiti [ingl. publisity _

sajarooba] _ marketinguli RonisZiebebiT (saqonlis rek-lama, myidvelTa materialuri stimulireba, suvenirebis darigeba, nimuSebis iafad gayidva da sxv.) momxreblebze zemoqmedeba; propaganda. paTetikuri [berZ. pathētikos]

_ paTosiT aRsavse; amaRle-buli. paTosi [berZ. pathos] _

aRfrTovaneba, aRmafrena, mgznebareba. pai [Turq. pay _ wili] _

(ekon., finans.). fizikuri an iuridiuli piris mier raime saerTo saqmeSi TiToeulis mier Setanili wili. paketi [germ. Paket] _ aq:

sakontrolo paketi _ (finans.). saaqcio sazogadoebis aqciebis saerTo raodenobis umetesi nawili (Cve-lebriv, 50%-s + 1 xma), romelic mis mesakuTres am sazogadoebis menejmentSi gadamwyveti xmis uflebas aZlevs. palata [laT. palatium _

sasaxle] _ 1. zogierT qveya-naSi umaRlesi sakanonmdeblo

54

organo an misi erT-erTi sakanonmdeblo instancia, Semadgeneli nawili (mag., qve-da palata, zeda palata, TemTa palata, lordTa palata). 2. saxelmwifo struqtura, dawe-sebuleba (mag., kontrolis palata, wignis palata, savaW-ro palata da sxv.). pan [ingl. pan] _ prefiqsi,

romelic niSnavs sayovelTaos, sruliads. mag., panamerikuli da sxv. pandeqtebi [laT pandectae <

berZ.] _ igivea, rac digestebi. panegiriki [berZ. panēgyrikos]

_ 1. oratoris saxotbo sityva visime pativsacemad. 2. (gadat.). visime gadaWarbebuli qeba-dideba. panika [berZ. panikos] _

uecari SiSi, Zrwola, Tavzari, romelic Seipyrobs calkeul adamians an xalxs; aseTi SiSiT gamowveuli saerTo mRelvareba, areuloba. paradoqsi [berZ. paradoxos] _

ucnauri, moulodneli] _ sayovelTaod aRiarebulisagan mkveTrad, sapirispirod gans-xvavebuli azri. paraziti [berZ. parazitos] _

aq: (gadat.). adamiani, romelic sxvisi SromiT cxovrobs; muqTaxora. paraleli [berZ. parallēlos] _

aq: movlena, romelic SeiZleba sxva analogiur movlenas Seedaros. paralizeba [frang. paralyser]

_ (gadat.). (ekon., samarT.).

moqmedebis unaris an saSu-alebis dakargva. parametri [berZ. parametreõ _

vufardeb] _ raime sagnis an movlenis ZiriTadi Tvisebebis damaxasiaTebeli sidide an sidideebi. parafireba [frang. parapher _

Semoklebuli xelmowera] _ (dipl.). saerTaSorisi xelSek-rulebis (an misi calkeuli muxlebis) winaswari xelmo-wera, inicialebis aRniSvniT, molaparakebis mxareTa ufle-bamosili warmomadgenlebis mier xelSekrulebis teqstze Tanxmobis niSnad. pariteti [laT. paritas _

Tanasworoba] _ 1. (ekon.). sxvadasxva qveynis valutis Sefardeba oqroTi. 2. sxva-dasxva subieqtebis uflebe-bisa da movaleobebis tol-fasovnoba. 3. (samarT.). mxareTa Tanasworobis principi uTanx-moebis, konfliqtis garCevisas. 4. saerTaSoriso urTier-TobebSi _ molaparakebis war-moeba mxareTa Tanasworobis safuZvelze, rac gamoxatavs molaparakebis monawileTa SeTanxmebas, gaiTvaliswinon erTmaneTis interesebi da dadon urTierTmisaRebi xel-Sekruleba. paritetuli _ (samarT.).

mxareTa Tanasworobaze dafuZ-nebuli. parlamenti [frang. parlament]

_ qveynis umaRlesi warmomad-genlobiTi organo, romelic

55

axorcielebs sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebas. parlamentarizmi _ (po-

lit.). saxelmwifo mmarTve-lobis sistema, romlis saTa-veSi parlamentia. paroli [frang. parole _

sityva] _ winaswar daTqmuli saidumlo sityva an fraza, romelsac rig organizaciebSi an viTarebaSi Tavisianebis gamosacnobad iyeneben. partia [frang. parti] _

(polit.). saerTo miznebiT, interesebiT, gaerTianebul pirTa jgufi. partikularizmi [laT.

particularis _ nawilobrivi, calkeuli] _ (polit.). 1. saxelmwifos zogierTi na-wilis miswrafeba gancal-kevebisaken saerTo-saxelmwi-foebrivi interesebis sazia-nod. 2. (ekon.). kerZo; kerZooba. partnioroba [ingl.

partnership] _ fizikuri an iuridiuli pirebis erToblivi saqmianobis organizaciis iuridiuli forma; partniori _ Tanamonawile raime saqmi-anobaSi. pasivebi _ fizikuri an

iuridiuli piris mimarT wayenebuli yvela oficialuri moTxovna. pasivi [laT. passivus _

umoqmedo] _ 1. (buxhalt.). firmis valebisa da valde-bulebebis erToblioba. (sapi-risp. aqtivi). 2. (gadat.). risame uaryofiTi mxare.

pasiuri [laT. passivus] _ umoqmedoba, sizante, araener-giuloba. (sapirisp. aqtiuri). paskvili [ital. Pasquill] _

cilismwamebluri, Seuracxm-yofeli sityva an werili, nawarmoebi. pasporti [frang. passeport] _

visime piradobis, moqalaqe-obis damadasturebeli doku-menti. patenti [laT. litteral patentes _

aRmoCena, sigeli] _ 1. mowmoba, romelic adasturebs gamom-goneblis gansakuTrebul uflebas, avtorobas gamogo-nebaze. 2. mowmoba, romelic iZleva nebarTvas raime saxeobis saqmianobis (vaWroba, rewva) Sesaxeb. paternalizmi [laT. paternus

_ mamobrivi] _ (polit.). vinmes mimarT mfarvelobiTi damo-kidebuleba. patrimonialuri [laT.

patrimonialis] _ (samarT.). memkvidreobiTi, gvarovnuli. patriotizmi [berZ. patriõt _

Tanamemamule] _ Tavisi samSob-los moyvaruli, erTguli adamiani. pauperizmi [laT. pauper _

Raribi] _ (ekon.). masiuri gaRatakeba, rasac ganapirobebs Zalian dabali Semosavlebi, umuSevroba. pauSaluri [germ. pauschale] _

(finans.). mTliani gadasaxdeli Tanxa; licenziis gayidvis fasi.

56

paqta sunt servanda [laT. pacta sunt servanda _ xel-Sekruleba unda sruldebodes] _ saerTaSoriso samarTlis erT-erTi ZiriTadi principi, romlis Tanaxmad mxareebma keTilsindisierad unda Seas-rulon saerTaSoriso xelSek-rulebis valdebulebebi. paqti [laT. pactum _

SeTanxmeba] _ (samarT.). ormxrivi (mravalmxrivi) saer-TaSoriso xelSekrulebis saxelwodeba, Cveulebriv didi politikuri mniSvnelobisa (mag., saxelmwifoTa Tavdaus-xmelobis, koleqtiuri usaf-rTxoebis da misT.). pacifizmi [laT. pacificus _

samSvidobo] _ liberaluri mimdinareoba, romlis monawi-leebi yovelgvari omebis (maT Soris, samarTliani) wina-aRmdeg ilaSqreben da maT aRkveTas samSvidobo manifes-taciebiT cdiloben. emxrobian saxelmwifoTa Soris wamoW-rili davebis saerTaSoriso samediatoro sasamarTloebis gziT gadawyvetas. pensia [laT. pansio _ gadax-

da] _ fuladi daxmareba, romelsac regularulad iReben moqalaqeebi kanoniT dadgenil SemTxvevebSi (asaki, invalidoba da sxv.). persona grata [laT. persona

grata _ sasurveli piri] _ diplomati, romlis daniSvnis Taobaze aucileblad gace-mulia adgilsamyofeli saxel-mwifos Tanxmoba (agremani).

(sapirisp. persona non grata _ arasasurveli piri). plebisciti [laT. plebiscitum;

plebs _ ubralo xalxi, scitum _ gadawyvetileba] _ kenWisyris meSveobiT raime sakiTxze mosaxleobis azris gamokiT-xvis erT-erTi saSualeba. (ix. agreTve referendumi). pluralizmi [ingl. pluralism]

_ (polit.). sistema, sadac nebadarTulia sxvadasxva politikuri Tu religiuri jgufebis Tanaarseboba erT sazogadoebaSi. polisi [berZ. polis, frang.

polisie, ital polizza _ qviTari] _ (ekon.). sicocxlis, qonebis da sxvaTa dazRvevis mowmoba, xelSekruleba. politika [berZ. politika] _ 1.

qveynis marTvis xelovneba, meTodi. 2. saxelmwifo xeli-suflebis, partiis an sazoga-doebrivi jgufis moRvaweoba Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi marT-visa da saerTaSoriso urTi-erTobis dargSi. politikosi _ politikur cxovrebaSi CarTuli piri. 2. (gadat.). moqmedeba risame misaRwevad; sxva adamianebTan urTierTo-ba, damokidebuleba. poluteri [ingl. polluter] _

piri an kompania, romelic garemos abinZurebs. populisti [laT. populus _

xalxi] _ piri, romelsac miaCnia, rom ubralo xalxs mTavrobaSi meti uflebebi unda hqondes.

57

porto-franko [ital. porto-franco _ Tavisufali porti] _ navsadguris teritoriis nawi-li, sadac nebadarTulia saqonlis ubaJod Setana-gatana. portfeli [frang. portefeuill,

portfer _ tareba, feuille _ furceli] _ krebsiTi cneba, romelic niSnavs: 1. ekono-mikuri saqmianobis aRmniSv-neli dokumentebis erTobli-obas. 2. (gadat.). Tanamdebobas (mag., ministris portfeli). preambula [frang. preambule _

Sesavali] _ saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis Sesavali nawi-li, romelSic CamoTvlilia xelSekrulebis mxareebi, misi dadebis motivebi, miznebi, amocanebi da principebi. prevalireba [ingl. prevail] _

Warboba; batonoba; daZleva; upiratesi Zalis qona. prevenciuli, preventuli

[laT. praeventus _ gamafrT-xilebeli, damcveli] _ (samarT.). winaswari zomebis mireba risame Tavidan asaci-leblad; profilaqtikuri. prezentacia [laT. presentatio]

_ (ekon.). warmodgena, wardgena. prezidenti [laT. praesidens _

TavSi mjdomi] _ 1. respub-likuri mmarTvelobis umetes qveynebSi saxelmwifos meTa-uri. 2. zogierTi dawesebu-lebis (firma, kompania, sa-zogadoeba) xelmZRvaneli. prezumfcia [laT. praesumptio]

_ (samarT.). 1. is, rasac

faqtebze dayrdnobiT varau-doben. 2. raime faqtis aRiareba sarwmunod, sanam ar damtkicdeba misi mcdaroba. udanaSaulobis prezumfcia _ danaSaulis damtkicebamde braldebulis aRiareba udana-Saulod. preiskuranti [frang. prix _

fasi da courant _ mimdinare] _ saqonelze an momsaxurebaze fasebis krebuli, cnobari. preiudiciuri [frang.

prejudiciel] _ (samarT.). ufleb-rivi sakiTxi, romlis winas-wari gadaWris gareSe ar SeiZleba sasamarTloSi gair-Ces mocemuli saqme. premia [laT. praemium _

jildo] _ 1. fuladi an materialuri jildo raime dargSi damsaxurebisaTvis. 2. muSakTa damatebiTi anaz-Raureba. 3. (finans.). gansx-vaveba fasiani qaRaldis sabir-Jo da nominalur Rirebulebas Soris. 4. Tanxa, romelsac ofcionis myidveli uxdis mis gamyidvels garkveuli ufle-bis SesaZenad. 5. dazRvevis gadasaxadi. premieri [frang. premier _

pirveli] _ zogierTi qveynis an didi qalaqis aRmasru-lebeli xelisuflebis meTa-uri, mTavrobis xelmZRvaneli. igivea rac premier-ministri. prerogativa [laT.

praerogativus _ pirveli xmis mimcemi] _ saxelmwifo xeli-suflebis organos an Tanam-

58

debobis piris gansakuTrebuli ufleba, upiratesoba. pres-ataSe [frang. prsse-

attache] _ (dipl.). diploma-tiuri warmomadgenlobis (saelCo, misia da sxv.) Tanam-Sromeli presis sakiTxebSi. pres-relizi [frang. presse da

ingl. release _ gamoSveba] _ oficialuri organos an piris mier presaSi gamosaqveyneblad gadacemuli gancxadeba. pretenzia [laT. praetensio _

moTxovnis ufleba] _ 1. raimeze Tavisi uflebis gamocxadeba, risame moTxovna. 2. ukmayofilebis gamoxatva. 3. adamianis miswrafeba raime Tvisebis, Rirsebis miniWebis Sesaxeb. preferencia [laT. praeferentia

_ upiratesobis miniWeba] _ or an met qveyanas Soris savaWro-ekonomikuri kavSirebis sfero-Si dadebuli xelSekrulebiT erTmaneTisaTvis miniWebuli upiratesoba, SeRavaTi (mag., gadasaxadis Semcireba da sxv.). preferenciuli _ upiratesi; SeRavaTiani. preficiti, proficiti _

(finans.). Semosavlebis gadame-teba xarjebze. biujetis dade-biTi saldo. precedenti [laT. praecedens

_ winamorbedi] _ 1. SemTxveva, romelic warmoadgens gansa-kuTrebuls an gamarTlebas Semdegdroindeli msgavsi Sem-TxvevebisaTvis. 2. saerTaSo-riso samarTalSi: saerTaSo-

riso urTierTobis sakiTxis gadawyvetis saSualeba, rom-lis gamoyeneba SeiZleba sxva analogiuri SemTxvevis gan-xilvisas magaliTis saxiT. igi ar warmoadgens saerTaSoriso samarTlis wyaros, Tumca, saerTaSoriso sasamarTlom SeiZleba gamoiyenos, rogorc davis gadawyvetis damxmare saSualeba. 3. (samarT.). sasamarTlos an saxelmwifo xelisuflebis sxva organos adrindeli gadawyvetileba, romelic miRebulia nimuSad msgavsi sakiTxebis gadawy-vetisas. 4. is, rasac winaT hqonda adgili. privatizeba [laT. privatus _

kerZo] _ (ekon.). sakuTrebis gansaxelmwifoebrioba warmoe-bis saSualebebze, pirad qonebaze. privatuli _ raime, rac

kerZo pirs ekuTvnis. privilegia [laT. privilegium]

_ upiratesoba, gansakuTre-buli ufleba, romelic mini-Webuli aqvs vismes sxvebisagan gansxvavebiT. privilegiuri _ 1. visac

upiratesoba aqvs miniWebuli. 2. rac (socialur-materialuri mdgomareoba, asaki, gamocdi-leba da sxv.) raime privile-gias iZleva. principali [laT. principalis _

mTavari] _ 1. pirovneba, rome-lic garigebaSi Tavisi xar-jebiT monawileobs. 2. valde-bulebebSi ZiriTadi movale. 3. piri, romlis saxeliTac moq-

59

medebs misi warmomadgeneli, agenti. 4. raimeze pasuxismge-beli piri. 5. sagareo-ekonomi-kuri garigebis monawile. principi [laT principium _

dasawyisi, dasabami] _ 1. rome-lime Teoriis ZiriTadi, amosavali debuleba; aqsioma; kanonzomiereba. 2. moqmedebis dadgenili norma, wesi. prioriteti [laT. prior _

pirveli] _ pirvelobis ufleba; upiratesoba, ufro mniSvnelovani. pro [ingl. pro] _ rTuli

sityvis TavsarTi. niSnavs: daqvemdebarebulobas; mxarda-Weras. mag., proreqtori _ reqtoris moadgile, proru-suli _ ruseTis mxardamWeri. prognozi [laT. prognosis] _

raime movlenis winaswar ganWvreta. programa [berZ. programma _

gancxadeba] _ 1. momavali muSaobis gegma. 2. dasaxuli miznis misaRwevad Sesasrule-bel RonisZiebaTa Semcveli dokumenti. producenti [laT. producens]

_ (ekon.). raime saqonlis mwarmoebeli (firma, qveyana). provincia [laT. provincia] _

1. qveynis didi administraci-uli danayofi. 2. dedaqalaqs an msxvil kulturul centrs daSorebuli adgili, kuTxe. provokacia [laT. provocatio]

_ mZime Sedegis momtani qmede-bisaken, danaSaulis Cadenisa-

ken vinmes waqezeba. provoka-tori _ wamqezebeli piri. provocireba _ vinmes

biZgeba raimes gakeTebisaken (Cadenisaken). prokuratura [laT. procuro _

vzrunav] _ kanonebis Sesrule-baze zedamxedvelobis saxelm-wifo organo. prokurori [frang. procureur

< laT. procuro _ vzrunav] _ 1. Tanamdebobis piri, romelic Tvalyurs adevnebs kanonebis zustad Sesrulebas. 2. saxel-mwifo bralmdebeli sasamar-Tlo procesze. prolongacia [laT. prolon-

gatio] - _ mxareTa SeTanxmebiT xelSekrulebis, garigebis, Tamasuqis da misT. moqmedebis vadis gagrZeleba. promulgacia [laT. promul-

gatio _ _ sajaro gancxadeba] _ saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis an raime saxelmwifoebrivi aqtis gamoqveyneba mxareTa mier. prorogacia [laT. prorogatio]

_ saxelmwifos meTauris ufleba gadados parlamentis sesia. protesti [germ. Protest <

laT.] _ 1. raime movlenisadmi uaryofiTi damokidebulebis gamoxatva. 2. sasamarTlo an saprokuroro organoebis werilobiTi wardgineba sasama-rTlos gadawyvetilebis, ga-naCenis gadasinjvis Sesaxeb. 2. notariulad damowmebuli aqti Tamasuqis vadaze gaunaRdeb-

60

lobis an misi aqceptirebis Sesaxeb. proteqcionizmi [laT.

protectio _ dacva] _ saxelm-wifos ekonomikuri politika sabaJo sferoSi, romelic vlindeba Semotanil saqo-nelze maRali baJis dawesebiT, rom daicvas erovnuli produqcia ucxouri saqonlis mZafri konkurenciisagan. protokoli [frang. protocole

< laT. _ pirveli furceli] _ 1. (dipl.). molaparakebis monawile mxareebis mier xel-mowerili dokumenti, romel-Sic dafiqsirebulia molapa-rakebis Sedegebi SeTanxmebis dadebamde. 2. (dipl.). wesebis erToblioba, romlebsac ica-ven mTavrobebi, diplomatebi da sxva oficialuri pirebi saerTaSoriso urTierTobebSi. protesti [laT. protest] _ 1.

raime movlenisadmi uaryofiTi damokidebuleba. 2. saTanado sasamarTlo Tu saprokuroro organoebis werilobiTi ward-gineba sasamarTlos gadawyve-tilebis, ganaCenis gadasinjvis Sesaxeb. 3. oficialuri ganc-xadeba Tamasuqis vadaze gaunaRdeblobis Sesaxeb. proteqtorati [ingl. proteq-

ctorate < laT.] _ qveyana, ro-melsac icavs an marTavs sxva, masze Zlieri saxelmwifo. proteqcionizmi [ingl.

protection] _ dacva; mfarvelo-biTi sistema (mTavrobaSi, biznesSi da sxvagan).

profesia [laT. professio] – specialoba, saqmianoba, ro-melsac garkveuli momzadeba sWirdeba. procedura [laT. procedo _

win miviwev] _ risame Sesas-ruleblad, gansaxilvelad saWiro qmedebaTa, RonisZie-baTa Tanamimdevroba; raimes warmoebis meTodi. procedu-ruli _ procedurasTan dakav-Sirebuli. procesualuri [ingl. procee-

dings] _ sasamarTlo saqmis-warmoeba, sarCeli, Zieba da sxv. procenti [laT. pro centum _

asze] _ 1. ricxvis measedi nawili. 2. sasesxo gadasax-deli; gamsesxeblis sargebeli. procesi [laT. processus] _ 1.

raime movlenaTa Tanamimdev-ruli monacvleoba. 2. sasa-marTlo saqmis garCeva. procesualuri _ sasamarT-

lo procesTan dakavSirebuli. puli [ingl. pool _ saerTo

qvabi] _ mewarmeTa Soris droebiTi gaerTianebis forma, romlis drosac maTi mogeba saerTo fondSi Sedis da maT Soris winaswar dadgenili SeTanxmebiT nawildeba. puti [ingl. put] _ fasiani

qaRaldebis gayidvis ofcioni. putCi [ingl. coup] _ (polit.).

saxelmwifo gadatrialeba; erTi mTavrobis meoreTi swrafad Secvla Zalis gamoyenebiT.

61

J Jesti [frang. geste] _

sxeulis nawilebis, gansakuT-rebiT xelis, moZraoba, rac Tan axlavs metyvelebas an cvlis mas. Jestikulacia _ Jestebis

gamoyeneba laparakSi, metyve-lebaSi. Jiro [ital. giro _ brunva,

mimoqceva, ingl. girocheque] _ werilobiTi brZaneba, davale-ba bankisadmi klientis mxriv gansazRvruli odenobis fulis gadaricxvis aucileb-lobis Sesaxeb am klientis angariSidan mesame piris anga-riSze, romlisTvisac klients surs fulis gadacema. (igive indosamenti). Jurfiqsi [frang. jour fixe _

garkveuli dRe] _ (dipl.). kviris esa Tu is dRe, romelic stumrebis misaRebad aqvT daniSnuli.

r radikaluri [laT. radicalis _

ZiriTadi] _ ukiduresi, gadam-wyveti RonisZieba. rambursi [frang. rembourser _

dabruneba, anazRaureba] _ saerTaSoriso vaWrobaSi naR-di saqonlis ganaRdeba, rome-lic, rogorc wesi, bankis meSveobiT xorcieldeba. rambursireba – valis, da-

naxarjebis dabruneba, gadaxda;

Tamasuqis mimcemis magier, mesame piris valis dafarva. rangi [germ. Rang, frang. rang]

_ 1. (ekon.). ipoTekuri giraos klasifikaciis xarisxi. 2. (dipl.). xarisxi, Tanrigi, specialuri wodebuleba. mag., sagangebo da sruluflebiani elCis rangi. rantie [frang. rentier rente-dan

_ renta] _ pirovneba, romlis Semosavlis ZiriTadi wyaroa procenti sesxad gacemuli fulidan an SeZenili fasiani qaRaldebidan. ratifikacia [laT. ratus _

gadawyvetili, damtkicebuli da facere _ keTeba] _ (samarT.). saxelmwifo xelisuflebis uzenaesi organos mier saer-TaSoriso xelSekrulebis dam-tkiceba, romelic xelmowe-rilia saxelmwifos rwmune-buli warmomadgenlis mier. ratifikacia xelSekrulebas aZlevs iuridiul Zalas, rac Semdeg Sesasruleblad saval-debulo xdeba. amasTan, for-mdeba specialuri dokumenti _ saratifikacio sigeli. raundi [ingl. round] _

(gadat.). mZime da xangrZlivi saerTaSoriso molaparakebis calkeuli etapi. racionalizacia [laT. ratio-

nalis _ gonivruli] _ warmo-ebisa da muSaobis meTodebis srulyofa-gaumjobeseba. re [laT. re-] _ TavsarTi,

romelic aRniSnavs: 1. raime moqmedebis ganaxlebas an game-

62

orebas. 2. sawinaaRmdego, sapi-rispiro moqmedebas. reabilitacia [laT. rehabi-

litatio _ aRdgena] _ udanaSa-ulod dazaralebulis ufle-bebisa da reputaciis (Rirse-bis) aRdgena, rac SeTavsebu-lia mis mier gaweuli zaralis kompensaciasTan. realizacia [laT. realis _

nivTobrivi] _ 1. warmoebuli an gadasayidi saqonlisa da momsaxurebis gayidva, romel-sac Tan axlavs fuladi amonagebis miReba. mag., qonebis an fasiani qaRaldebis fulad qceva; gayidva (saqonlisa). 2. ganazraxis (proeqtis) Sesru-leba, cxovrebaSi ganxorci-eleba. realuri [laT. realis] _

namdvilad arsebuli; WeSma-riti; ris ganxorcielebac SesaZlebelia. regalia [laT. regalis _

samefo] _ 1. mefis xeli-suflebis maniSnebeli sagani (gvirgvini, skiptra, taxti da sxv.). 2. warCinebis niSani (or-deni da misT.). regenti [laT. regentis _

mmarTveli] _ monarqiul qvey-nebSi: saxelmwifos droebiTi mmarTveli (mag., mefis mcire-wlovanebis gamo). regioni [laT. regio _ mxare]

_ 1. olqi, raioni, teritoria, qveynis nawili, romelic bunebrivi an istoriulad Camoyalibebuli ekonomikur-geografiuli pirobebisa da

mosaxleobis erovnuli Semad-genlobis erTobliobiT gamo-irCeva. 2. [ingl. region] _ qveynis didi raioni. registri [laT. registrum _

sia, CamonaTvali] _ Canawerebis wigni, saaRricxvo dokumenti, romelsac samarTlebrivi mniS-vneloba aqvs. registracia _ oficialur siaSi Setana. reglamenti [frang. reglament,

regle-dan _ wesi] _ 1. wesebi, romlebic adgenen, areguli-reben RonisZiebaTa da moqme-debaTa Catarebis wessa da dros, saqmianobis ganxorci-elebas. 2. saerTaSoriso kon-gresebisa da konferenciebis zogierTi aqtis saxelwodeba. regresi [laT. regressus _ uku-

svla] _ 1. ganviTarebis donis daqveiTeba, dromoWmuli for-mebisa da struqturebisaken dabruneba. (sapirisp. prog-resi). 2. (samarT). romelime piris (dawesebulebis) uku-moTxovnileba, romelic waredgineba iseT pirs (orga-nizacias), romlis valdebu-leba man Seasrula. regresanti _ (samarT.). piri,

romelic warudgens ukumoT-xovnas meore pirs (regresats) im zaralis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb, romelic pirvelma pirma meore piris gamo ganicada. mag., pirvelma pirma gadaixada gadasaxdeli meore piris nacvlad da mas, rogorc regresants SeuZlia moiT-xovos xarjebis anazRaureba.

63

regresati _ (samarT.). piri, romlis winaaRmdegac mimar-Tulia regresantis moTxovna. regreso ukumoTxovna zara-

lis gadasaxdeli Tanxis anaz-Raurebis Sesaxeb, romelic erTi fizikuri (iuridiuli) piris mier waredgineba meores, romlis mizeziTac es zarali warmoiSva. gamoiyeneba Tamasu-qis protestis dros. regulacia [ingl. regulation] _

raimes mowesrigeba, misi muSaobis sworad warmarTva. regulireba [laT. regula _

wesi, regulare _ wesisadmi damorCileba] _ risame garkve-uli wesiT warmarTva, mowes-rigeba. regulireba ekonomikis _

mmarTveli organoebis zemoq-medeba ekonomikaze im mizniT, rom masSi mimdinare procesebi garkveul doneze iqnes Senar-Cunebuli (an Tavidan acile-buli), daZleuli arasasur-veli movlenebi. redemarkacia _ [frang. redé-

marcation] _ saxelmwifo sazR-varze sasazRvro niSnebis aRdgena. reduqcia [laT. reductio _ dab-

runeba] – 1. raimes Semcireba, dasusteba; rTulis gamarti-veba, misawvdomamde dayvana analizisa da gadawyvetile-bisaTvis. 2. (finans.). valu-tebis, fasiani qaRaldebisa da saqonlis fasebis dacema. reemigranti _ emigraciidan

samSobloSi dabrunebuli piri.

reestri [laT. registrum _ sia, nusxa, CamonaTvali] – raime ekonomikuri obieqtis, qonebis CamonaTvali; wigni, romelSic aris reestruli sia; gamo-iyeneba dokumentebis regist-raciisaTvis. reeqsporti _ importuli

saqonlis gadaumuSaveblad eqsporti. revalvacia [laT. re- _

kvlav, xelaxla da valeo _ mniSvneloba maqvs, vRivar] _ 1. (finans.). erTi valutis kursis aweva sxva valutebis mimarT valutebis mcuravi kursebis sistemis dros. 2. (finans.). erTi valutis kursis admi-nistraciuli wesiT aweva sxva valutebis mimarT fiqsire-buli valutis kursebis sistemis dros. revalvacia imports xdis ufro iafs (adgilobrivi valutiT) da eqsports ufro Zvirs (myid-velis valutiT), xels uwyobs damatebiT imports da amci-rebs moTxovnas eqsportze. (sapirispiro _ devalvacia). reversi [ingl. reverse, laT.

revertor _ vabruneb ukan, vbrun-debi] _ 1. (ekon.). erTi piris werilobiTi valdebuleba meo-re piris mimarT, romelic Seicavs Tavis Tavze miRebuli pasuxismgeblobis, riskis dama-dasturebel garantebs, mag., sagarantio werils an val-debulebas, rom gamosyidul iqneba Tamasuqi gadaxdis vada-ze. 2. deklaracia, romliTac dakarguli aqciebis mflobeli

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adasturebs mzadyofnas miiRos Tavis Tavze bankis mier gawe-uli zarali am dokumentebis arasanqcionirebuli gamoyene-bis SemTxvevaSi. 3. liTonis fulis an medlis ukana mxare; zurgi. (sapirisp. aversi). 4. (samarT.). qonebis dabruneba winandeli patronisaTvis. 5. sawinaaRmdegod mimarTuli. reversia _ pirvandel mdgo-mareobaSi dabruneba. revizia [laT. revisio _

gadasinjva] _ (ekon., samarT.). sawarmos, organizaciis, dawe-sebulebis an Tanamdebobis piris muSaobis gamorkveva moq-medebis sisworisa da kanoni-erebis Semowmebis mizniT. revokacia [laT. revocatio _

gamoxmoba, gamoxmaureba] _ 1. (dipl.). elCis an sxva war-momadgenlis gamowveva sxva saxelmwifodan Tavis qveya-naSi. 2. adre gacemuli gan-kargulebis gauqmeba; 3. (ekon.). Cekis mimcemis gancxadeba adre gacemuli Cekis gauqmebis Sesaxeb. revolveruli [ingl. revolve

_ mimarTva, periodulad Secv-la] _ avtomaturad ganaxleba. mag., revolveruli krediti _ avtomaturad ganaxlebadi kre-diti, romelic damatebiTi molaparakebis gareSe gaicema. revolucia [frang. revolution]

_ (polit.). 1. sazogadoebriv-politikur urTierTobaSi mom-xdari Zirfesviani gadatria-leba, Zveli wyobilebis ZaliT damxoba da progresuli wyo-

bilebis damyareba. 2. (gadat.). Zirfesviani cvlileba codnis raime dargSi. rezervacia [laT. reservo _

vinaxav, vizogav] _ 1. reserve-bis (maragis) Seqmna. 2. ufle-bis datoveba, rom kvlav daubrundnen am sakiTxs. rezervi [frang. reserve, laT.-

dan reserve _ vinaxav] _ (ekon.). raimes (saqonlis, fuladi saxsrebis, ucxouri valutis da a.S.) maragi saWiroebis SemTxvevisaTvis. rezidenti [laT. residens _

mjdomare, adgilze darCenili] _ iuridiuli (fizikuri) piri, romelic mocemul qveyanaSi mudmivad registrirebulia an mudmivad cxovrobs. igi valdebulia Tavis ekonomikur qmedebebSi daicvas am qveynis kanonebi anu gadaixados gada-saxadebi qveyanaSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad. rezidencia [laT. residentia] _

mTavrobis, saxelmwifos meTau-ris an sxva maRali Tanamde-bobis piris mudmivi samuSao an sacxovrebeli adgilsamyo-feli. reziume [frang. résumé] _ 1.

dawerilis, Tqmulis an wakiT-xulis arsis mokle gadmocema. 2. garkveuli wesebis mixedviT Sedgenili cnobebis nakrebi samuSaos pretendentebis Sesa-xeb. rezolucia [laT resolutio _

nebarTva, gadawyvetileba] _ 1. warwera samsaxurebriv doku-

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mentze, romelic Seicavs Tanamdebobis piris mier gake-Tebul miTiTebas, rekomenda-cias da awesebs moqmedebis xasiaTs, romelic Semsru-lebelma am piris miTiTebis Sesabamisad unda daicvas. 2. saerTaSoriso organizaciebis (konferenciebis) gadawyveti-lebebi, Cveulebriv, rekomenda-ciuli xasiaTis. rezoni [frang. raison] _

mosazreba, gonivruli safuZ-veli, azri. reimporti _ eqsportuli

saqonlis gadaumuSaveblad importi. reinvestireba _ sakuTari

an ucxouri kapitalis ganmeo-rebiTi dabandeba ekonomikaSi, romelic xorcieldeba adre dabandebuli kapitalis Semo-savlebidan. reinkarnacia _ fasiani

qaRaldebis sxva formaSi gadayvana (mag., oqros serti-fikatebisa gansakuTrebuli daniSnulebis fasian qaRal-debSi) gansazRvruli vadiT. reitingi [ingl. rating] _

(ekon.). firmis masStaburobis, kreditunarianobis Sefaseba. rekambio [ital. recambio] _

Sebrunebuli Tamasuqi, retra-ta, moTxovna Tamasuqis Tanxis anazRaurebasa da procentebis gadaxdaze. reketi [ingl. racket] _

damnaSave elementebis, reketi-orebis mier mewarmeebisagan muqaris, SantaJis gziT fulis ukanono gamoZalva.

rekvizitebi [laT. requisitum _ saWiro, aucilebeli] _ 1. (samarT.). dokumentis aucile-beli elementebi (mag., saxel-wodeba, gacemis adgili, Tari-Ri, xelmowera), romelTa gareSe igi kargavs iuridiul Zalas. 2. (spec.). samisamarTo monacemebi, telefonebis, te-leqsis nomrebi, romlebsac xelSekrulebis erT-erTi mxa-re acnobebs meores kavSiris SesanarCuneblad; Tavsdeba safirmo blankze. rekvizicia [laT. requisitio _

moTxovna] _ kerZo sakuTrebis saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi gadayvana saxelmwifo gamoyene-bisaTvis. rekvirenti [laT. requirens _

momTxovni] _ Tamasuqis mflo-beli, romelic sasamarTlo instanciebs Tamasuqis gapro-testebis moTxovniT mimarTavs. reklama [laT. reclamo _

wamoviZaxe] _ firmis mier potenciuri myidvelebis, saqonlisa da momsaxurebis momxmareblebis Ria Setyobi-neba maTi xarisxis, Rirsebis, upiratesobis Sesaxeb, agreTve TviTon firmis damsaxurebis Sesaxeb; marketingis Semadge-neli nawili. reklamacia [laT. reclamatio _

xmamaRali gamoTqma] _ 1. ukma-yofilebis gamoxatva, pre-tenzia, saCivari. 2. (vaWr.). pretenzia saqonlis dabali xarisxis gamo da zaralis anazRaurebis moTxovna.

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rekomendacia [laT. reco-mmenddatio _ rCeva] _ 1. weri-lobiTi an zepiri sasurveli gamoxmaureba adamianis an firmis Sesaxeb misi kandi-daturis an saqmianobis mxar-daWeriT. 2. rCeva, miTiTeba gansazRvruli wesiT moqme-debis Sesaxeb. 3. winadadeba raimes gakeTebaze. rekonversia [laT. re- da

conversio] _ samxedro mrewve-lobis gadayvana mSvidobia-nobis droisaTvis saWiro produqciaze. rekonkista [esp. Reconquista]

_ pirenes naxevarkunZulis xalxTa mier arabebisagan dapyrobili teritoriebis brZoliT dabruneba. rekonstruqcia [laT. re- _

kvlav, xelaxla da constructio _ aSeneba] _ (ekon.). sawarmoSi ZiriTadi saSualebebis, teqni-kisa da teqnologiis gar-daqmna im mizniT, rom amaR-ldes gamosaSvebi produqciis done da xarisxi, aTvisebul iqnes axal nakeTobaTa gamoS-veba. rekreacia [laT. recreatio _

aRdgena] _ (ekon.). Zalebis mobilizeba, aRdgena, dasveneba. rekreditivi [germ. Rekreditiv]

_ 1. (dipl.). mTavrobis sigeli diplomatiuri warmomadgenlis ukan gamowvevis Sesaxeb. 2. sabuTi, romelic auqmebs akreditivs. rekuperacia [laT. recuperatio

_ ukan miReba, dabruneba] _ 1.

aqciis kursis aRdgena misi mkveTri SemcirebiT. 2. aqciebis kursis kiTxvis ganmeorebiTi seansi birJaze. relacia [laT. relatio _

moxseneba] _ meTauris cnoba saomari moqmedebis mimdina-reobis Sesaxeb. relevanturi [ingl. relevant]

_ Sesabamisi; Sesatyvisi; saq-mesTan dakavSirebuli; arse-biTi; faseuli. remizi [frang. remise] _ 1.

fulis gadaxda Tamasuqis gagzavnis saSualebiT im piris saxelze, romelsac fuli unda mieces. 2. sakomisio gasamrjelo, romelsac birJis maklerebi aZleven im pirebs, romlebic birJaze fasiani qaRaldebis SesaZenad kliente-bis mizidvaSi exmarebian. remisia [laT. remissio _

Semcireba, Sesusteba] _ (finans.). gasayidi saqonlis fasis Camokleba, romelsac gamyidveli fasis dasamrgva-leblad axorcielebs. remitenti [laT. remitto _

vagzavni] _ pirovneba, romlis saxelzec pirveladi mflo-beli gadaagzavnis Tavis Tamasuqs; gadagzavnili Tama-suqis mimRebi. remitireba [ingl. remittance]

_ 1. davalianebis ucxouri valutiT dafarvis xerxi, rac imaSi mdgomareobs, rom movale Tavisi qveynis valu-tiT yidulobs ucxour valu-tas erovnul savaluto bazarze da gadaugzavnis mas

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kreditors an faravs vals Cekis, gadasagzavni Tamasuqis SesyidviTa da gadagzavniT. 2. fuladi gzavnili. 3. gadaxda. renacionalizacia _ (ekon.).

yofili kerZo sakuTrebis dab-runeba saxelmwifo sakuTre-baSi. rendJi _ rigi portebi

napiris miTiTebul monakveTze. mag., `aTeni – marseli rendJi~ niSnavs, rom damfraxtavs (dam-javSnavs) ufleba aqvs gagzav-nos gemi nebismier usafrTxo portSi aTensa da marsels Soris, orive dasaxelebuli portis CaTvliT. renovacia [laT. renovatio _

ganaxleba, aRdgena] _ (ekon.). fizikuri da moraluri cveTis Sedegad warmoebidan gamosuli manqana-mowyobilobebis axliT Secvla. renome [frang. renommé _

reputacia] _ dadgenili mosazreba, Seqmnili Sexedu-leba adamianis, firmis Sesaxeb; reputacia. renta [germ. Rente, frang.

rente _ dabrunebuli] _ (finans.). 1. regularuli Semo-savali, romelsac iZleva kapi-tali, qoneba an miwa ise, rom mis mflobels ar sWirdeba mewarmeobrivi saqmianoba. 2. qira, romelsac ixdian gar-kveuli drois ganmavlobaSi ofisis, saxlis an qarxnis ijarisaTvis. 3. fuladi Tan-xa, romelic sadazRvevo sazo-gadoebis mier yovelwliurad eZleva dazRveul pirs.

rentabeloba [germ. rentabel _ Semosavliani] _ (ekon.). efeq-tianoba, momgebianoba, Semosav-lianoba sawarmos an same-warmeo saqmianobis. gaiangari-Seba mogebis gayofiT dana-xarjebze da gamoisaxeba pro-centobiT. rentingi [ingl. renting] _

(ekon.). teqnikis moklevadiani ijara, moijaris mier misi Semdgomi gamosyidvis uflebis gareSe. reorganizacia _ sawarmos

(firmis, kompaniis) organizaci-uli struqturisa da marTvis gardaqmna maTi ZiriTadi saSualebebis, potencialis SenarCunebiT. reparacia [laT. reparatio _

aRdgena] _ saerTaSoriso sa-marTlis subieqtis materia-luri paxismgeblobis forma saerTaSoriso samarTaldarR-vevis Cadenis Sedegad miyene-buli zianisaTvis. gadaxda xdeba restituciis, fuladi an sxva materialuri kompensaciis an erTdroulad restituciisa da zaralis kompensaciis saxiT. repatriacia [laT. repatriare

_ samSobloSi dabruneba] _ 1. im pirebis samSobloSi dabru-neba, romlebic garemoebebis gamo imyofebodnen sxva sa-xelmwifos teritoriaze (ltolvilebi, adgilnacvali pirebi). 2. sazRvargareT daban-debuli kapitalis dabruneba Tavis qveyanaSi investirebi-saTvis.

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replika [ital. replica] _ 1. oratorisaTvis adgilidan micemuli mokle SeniSvna; Sepasuxeba, wamoZaxili. 2. (samarT.). erTi mxaris Seka-maTeba meoresTan sasamarTlo procesze. repo _ 1. SeTanxmeba adre

gayiduli saqonlis ukan Ses-yidvaze. 2. operacia finansur bazarze, romelic iTvalis-winebs monawileebis SeTanx-mebas fasiani qaRaldebis ukan gamosyidvaze. reporti [frang. report] _ 1.

sabirJo garigeba fasiani qaRaldebis bazarze, rac imaSi mdgomareobs, rom xor-cieldeba fasiani qaRaldebis gayidva imavdroulad garage-biT, rom SemdegSi, gansazR-vruli vadis Semdeg, isini gamosyidul iqnes ufro maRali fasiT. (sapirisp. deporti). 2. qveynis savaluto bazarze garigebis dadeba, romelic mdgomareobs imaSi, rom ucxouri valutis gayid-vis naRdi garigeba erovnulze gacvliT Sexamebuli iqneba sapirispirosTan, imavdroulad dadebul garigebasTan, rom Sesyidul iqnas erovnuli valuta ufro maRal fasSi. reports valutis is spekulan-tebi (`xari~) mimarTaven, rom-lebic valutis kursis awevaze TamaSoben. reprezentacia [ingl. repre-

sentation] _ 1. gancxadeba, vinmes darwmunebis mizniT, rom kont-raqts SeuerTdes. 3. wardgena.

4. sistema, sadac irCeven qvey-nis warmomadgenlebs parla-mentisaTvis. reprezentanti [frang. repré-

sentant] _ warmomadgeneli, war-momadgenlobiTi amorCevis monawile. reprezentatiuloba [frang.

représentantif _ damaxasiaTebeli] _ im ekonomikur maCvenebelTa SerCevis warmomadgenlobiTo-ba, romlebic ekonomikuri procesebisa da movlenebis analizisaTvis gamoiyeneba. represalia [laT. repressalia _

Sekaveba, SeCereba] _ saerTa-Soriso urTierTobaSi: iZule-biTi zoma, romelsac mimar-Tavs erTi saxelmwifo meoris arakanonieri moqmedebis sapa-suxod; samarTliT gaTvalis-winebuli politikuri pasu-xismgeblobis erT-erTi forma. represalia, dakavSirebuli SeiaraRebuli Zalebis gamoye-nebasTan, akrZalulia saerTa-Soriso samarTliT da kvali-ficirdeba rogorc agresia. reprivatizacia (laT. re- da

ital. privatus _ kerZo] _ adre nacionalizebuli kerZo sakuTrebis privatizacia. reprimandi [frang. reprimandé]

_ sityvieri sayveduri. reputacia [frang. réputation]

_ Seqmnili saerTo azri vin-mes, raimes, adamianis, firmis an saqonlis xarisxis, Rirse-bisa da naklovanebebis Sesa-xeb.

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reJimi [frang. régime] _ 1. saxelmwifo wyobileba, mmarT-velobis wesi. 2. raime mizni-saTvis saWiro wesTa, Ronis-ZiebaTa sistema. mag., ekonomiis reJimi. reskripciebi [ingl. reskrip-

tions] _ (finans.). saxazino obligaciebi da Tamasuqebi oTx wlamde vadiT; uSveben saxsrebis akumulaciisa da fulis bazris likvidurobis regulirebisaTvis. respeqti [ingl. respect] _

pativiscema; mowiweba. respublika [laT. respublica] _

saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis forma, romlis drosac xeli-suflebis umaRles organoebs irCeven gansazRvruli vadiT. respondenti [ingl. respon-

dent] _ 1. saapelacio saqmis meore mxare, mopasuxe. 2. peticiaze mopasuxe piri. restavracia [laT. restauratio]

_ raimes aRdgena pirvandeli saxiT. restanti [ingl. rest _ naSTi]

_ (finans.). firmis vali, romelic darCa balansis Sedgenis, Sejamebis dros; gauyidavi saqonlis naSTi. resti [ingl. rest] _ naSTi. restitucia [laT. restitutio _

Tavdapirveli saxiT aRdgena] _ 1. garigebis damdeb mxareTa mier xelSekrulebiT miRebuli fulis (saqonlis) urTierT-dabruneba im SemTxvevaSi, roca garigeba miCneul iqna baTilad. Tu aRmoCndeba, rom

garigebis kanonierebis darR-vevaSi damnaSavea erT-erTi mxare, restitucia calmxrivi xdeba da saxsrebs mxolod damnaSave mxare abrunebs. 2. saerTaSoriso samarTlis subieqtis materialuri pasu-xismgeblobis erT-erTi forma; erTi saxelmwifos mier meo-risaTvis im qonebis dabruneba, romelic ukanonod iyo mita-cebuli. restriqcia [laT. restrictio _

SezRudva] _ 1. im kreditebis SezRudva, romlebsac cent-raluri banki komerciul bankebs aZlevs. 2. monopo-liebis mier warmoebisa da ga-yidvis xelovnuri SezRudva saqonlis sarealizacio fase-bis gazrdisa da maqsimaluri mogebis misaRebad. restriq-ciuli _ SemzRudveli; amkr-Zalavi. resursebi ekonomikuri

[frang. ressource _ damxmare saSualeba] _ risame maragi; warmoebis uzrunvelyofis saSualebebi. kerZod: buneb-rivi (sanedleulo, geofiziku-ri), SromiTi (adamianuri kapitali), kapitaluri (fizi-kuri, fuladi kapitali) da informaciuli resursebi. retorsia [laT. retorsio _

ukuqmedeba] _ saerTaSoriso samarTalSi: erTi saxelmwi-fos moqmedeba meoris usa-marTlo, aramegobruli moqme-debis sapasuxod; SemzRud-veli zomebi, romelsac sa-xelmwifo sxva saxelmwifos

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analogiuri moqmedebis pasu-xad iRebs da amiT ekonomikuri an moraluri ziani adgeba pirvel saxelmwifos. mag., ucxoelebis uflebebis Sez-Rudva, baJis gazrda am saxelmwifos saqonelze da a.S. represaliisagan (Sekaveba, SeCereba) gansxvavebiT, igi pasuxia meore saxelmwifos aramarTlzomier qmedebaze. retragenti [ingl. repurchase

agent] _ piri, romelic saqmeSi Cadebuli fasiani qaRaldebis gamosyidvas awarmoebs. retreqtiuloba _ fasiani

qaRaldebis gamosyidvis SesaZ-lebloba maTi mflobelis mier winaswar daTqmuli piro-bebiTa da SetyobinebiT. retrospeqtuli [laT. retro

_ ukan da specto _ vuyureb] _ warsul drosTan dakavSire-buli. retrocesia [frang. retroces-

sione _ daTmoba] _ 1. gadamz-Rvevelis mier Tavis Tavze miRebuli riskis nawilis gadacema sxva gadamzRvev-lebze; riskebis Semdgomi danawevreba. 2. sakomisio wilis erTi Suamavlis mier meorisaTvis gadacema. refaqcia [frang. réfaction,

laT. factus _ garigeba] _ 1. sabiTumo fasidan an saqonlis wonidan Camokleba, romelsac atarebs gamyidveli savaWro garigebis dadebis dros im SemTxvevaSi, roca saqonlis xarisxi Seusabamoa an gamov-

lenilia misi danaklisi (an gafuWeba). 2. tarifis dakleba, romelic tvirTis gamgzavns gansakuTrebuli SeTanxmebiT saqonlis didi partiis dros eZleva. referendumi [laT. referendum

_ rac unda auwyon] _ (polit.). sayovelTao saxalxo gamokiT-xva kenWisyriT mniSvnelovani saxelmwifoebrivi sakiTxebis gadasawyvetad (ix., agreTve, plebisciti). referencia [laT. referre _

Setyobineba] _ 1. cnoba pirovnebis samsaxurisa da samsaxurebrivi movaleobebis Sesaxeb. 2. (komerc.). firmis, dawesebulebis da misT. gadax-disunarianobis damowmeba, dadastureba; rekomendacia. referi [ingl. referee] _ same-

diatoro sasamarTlo; samedi-atoro mosamarTle; arbitri. refinansireba, refundireba

[ingl. refunding] _ dafarva, Zveli saxelmwifo davalia-nebis anazRaureba axali ses-xebis gamoSvebis gziT, umTav-resad, moklevadiani fasiani qaRaldebis SecvliT. definicia [laT. definitio] _

cnebis zusti gansazRvra misi yvelaze arsebiTi niSnebis saSualebiT. reflacia _ Semcirebuli

fasebis aRdgena adrindel donemde, romelic saxelmwifo RonisZiebebis saSualebiT eko-nomikis gamococxlebis peri-odSi, misi SenarCunebis mizniT tardeba.

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reforma [frang. réforme] _ raimes gasaumjobeseblad mas-Si Setanili cvlileba; gar-daqmna. reqtifikacia [ingl. rectifica-

tion] _ dokumentSi raimes Ses-woreba; cvlilebebis Setana. recepisa [laT. recipire _

miReba] _ winaswari xelmowera saqonlis miRebaze, romelic asrulebs mowmobis rols da Semdeg icvleba konosamentiT. recesia [ingl. recession] _

warmoebis SedarebiT zomieri arakritikuli dacema an ekonomikuri zrdis tempebis Seneleba. recefcia [laT. receptio _

miReba] _ (samarT.). sesxeba da Segueba ama Tu im qveynis pirobebTan samarTlisa, rome-lic SemuSavebulia sxva saxelmwifoSi an winamaval istoriul epoqaSi. recidivi [laT. recidivus _

rac meordeba] _ (samarT.). danaSaulis gameorebiT Cadena im piris mier, romelic adre sasjels aseTive an sxva danaSaulisaTvis ixdida. reciklireba (finans.) _

saxsrebis gadanawileba. recipienti [laT. recipiens _

mimRebi] _ fizikuri an iuri-diuli piri, an saxelmwifo, romelic gadasaxdelebs, Semo-savlebs Rebulobs; aseTad gulisxmoben agreTve qveyanas, romelic ucxoeTis investi-ciebs izidavs.

rimesa [ital. rimessa _ fulis gadacema, gagzavna] _ sagadasaxdelo dokumenti (Ceki, gadasagzavni Tamasuqi) saerTaSoriso angariSswore-bisaTvis ucxour valutaSi, romelsac movale Tavis qveya-naSi erovnuli valutiT iZens da ucxour kreditors dava-lianebis dasafaravad gadaug-zavnis. ringi [ingl. ring] _ ramdenime

mewarmis xanmokle SeTanxmeba garkveul raionSi romelime saqonlis Sesyidvis Sesaxeb misi gayidvis monopolizaciis mizniT. aSS-Si rings uwodeben agreTve korners. rituali [laT. ritualis] _

(dipl.). saerTaSoriso urTier-TobaTa praqtikaSi miRebul wes-CveulebaTa Sesrulebis erToblioba. roialti [ingl. royalty _

samefo privilegiebi] _ 1. peri-oduli gadasaxdeli uflebi-saTvis, rom isargeblos saqonlis, gamogonebis, an sxvaTa licenziiT. gaiangari-Seba procentobiT gayidvis Rirebulebidan. 2. safasuri bunebrivi resursebis damuSa-vebisa da mopovebis ufle-bisaTvis. roloveri [ingl. rollover _

ganaxleba] _ 1. kreditis vadis gagrZeleba misi teqnikuri dafarvisa da imavdrouli ganaxlebis saSualebiT axali kreditis micemis gziT. 2. saxsrebis investiciis erTi formidan meoreSi gadatana.

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rotacia [laT. rotatio _ monacvleoba, perioduli game-oreba] _ xelmZRvaneli kad-rebis (diplomatebis, parti-uli muSakebis) savaldebulo monacvleoba dadgenili drois Sesabamisad.

s sabotaJi [frang. sabotage] _

raime saqmis winaswar ganzrax-viT CafuSva, masSi monawile-obisagan Tavis aridebiT an misi arakeTilsindisieri Ses-rulebiT; pirovnebis an pirov-nebaTa jgufis mier TavianTi samsaxurebrivi an sxva val-debulebebis Segnebulad, gan-zrax Seusrulebloba an maTi daudevrad (arajerovnad) Ses-ruleba; saxelmwifos wina-aRmdeg mimarTuli danaSauli. savizito baraTi [frang.

visite _ wveva, naxva] _ baraTi, romelzec miTiTebulia mona-cemebi (gvari, saxeli, Tanam-deboba, misamarTi, telefo-nebi da sxv.) misi mflobelis Sesaxeb. saldo [ital. saldo _ anga-

riSsworeba, naSTi] _ sxvaoba sawarmos (firmis) fulad Semosavlebsa da danaxarjebs Soris drois gansazRvrul periodSi; sxvaoba qveynis eqsportisa da importis Rire-bulebas Soris (savaWro balansis saldo), sazRvarga-reTidan saxsrebis Semosvlas

Soris (qveynis sagadasaxdelo balansis saldo). dadebiTi, aqtiuri saldo niSnavs Semo-savlebis gadametebas xarjeb-ze, xolo uaryofiTi _ piriqiT. samiti [ingl. summit] _

Sexvedra saxelmwifo xelmZ-Rvanelebs an farTo Zalau-flebis mqone liderebs Soris. -san [iap.] _ (dipl.). iaponiaSi

miRebuli zrdilobiani xsene-ba visime an mimarTva vin-mesadmi: batoni (batono), qal-batoni (qalbatono). warmo-iTqmis (iwereba) gvaris an sa-xelis Semdeg. mag., mitikosan (q-ni mitiko, q-no mitiko). sanacia [laT. sanatio _

mkurnaloba, gajansaReba] _ RonisZiebaTa sistema sawar-moebis (firmebis) gakotrebis Tavidan asacileblad. sanqcia [laT. canctio _

mkacri dadgenileba, dakano-neba] _ zemdgomi organos mier raime aqtis damtkiceba, rac mas iuridiul Zalas aniWebs. 2. iZulebis, zemoqmedebis zoma kanonis darRvevisaTvis. 3. saerTaSoriso samarTalSi: zemoqmedebis zoma, romelsac mimarTaven xelSekrulebis damrRvevi saxelmwifos mi-marT. 4. mowoneba, dadas-tureba, Tanxmoba. 5. (ekon.). iZulebiTi zemoqmedebis zome-bi sameurneo-safinanso saqmia-nobis normalurad gaZRolis wesebis damrRvevTa mimarT. sateliti [laT. satelles _

Tanamgzavri] _ (gadat.).

73

saxelmwifo, romelic forma-lurad damoukidebelia, magram sinamdvileSi sxva saxelm-wifos emorCileba. sauravi [laT. poena _ sas-

jeli] _ fuladi jarima, romliTac jarimdebian fula-di valdebulebebis aradro-uli SesrulebisaTvis, vadis gadacilebisaTvis. segregacia [laT. segregatio _

gamoyofa] _ 1. (ekon.). klien-tisa da brokeris, sxvadasxva klientis saSualebebisa da operaciebis dayofa. 2. rasob-rivi diskriminaciis forma _ feradkanianTa iZulebiTi gamoyofa TeTrkanianebisagan. seilz-promouSn [ingl. sales

_ gayidvebi, promotion _ win waweva] _ 1. saqonlis gasaRebis stimulireba. 2. vaWrobis muSakTa Sromis waxaliseba premiebis, saCuqrebis saSua-lebiT. sekvestri [laT. sequestrum _

vayeneb gareT, vaSoreb] _ (samarT.). raime qonebis sargeb-lobis an gankargvis akrZalva Aan SezRudva saxelmwifo an sasamarTlo xelisuflebis mier. sekiuritinacia [ingl.

securities _ fasiani qaRaldebi] _ fasiani qaRaldebis gamoye-nebis gafarToeba sabazro urTierTobaTa regulirebisa da sasesxo kapitalis moZra-obis instrumentad. senati [laT. senatus] _ zogi

qveynis (mag., aSS-is, belgiisa

da sxv.) parlamentis zeda palata. senioraJi _ Semosavali fu-

lis emisiidan (gamoSvebidan). senior (seniora) [esp. señor,

señora] _ (dipl.). espaneTSi: zrdilobiani xseneba mamaka-cisa (qalisa) da misdami mimarTva. warmoiTqmis (iwereba) gvaris win. sentencia [laT. sententia _

azri, msjeloba] _ 1. (samarT.). sasamarTlo gadawyvetileba. 2. msjavrdebulis oficialuri dasja. 3. moraluri xasiaTis gamonaTqvami, zneobrivi dari-geba. separatizmi [frang. separa-

tisme _ calke] _ (polit.). erovnul umciresobaTa swraf-va saxelmwifosagan gamoyo-fisa da damoukidebeli saxel-mwifos Seqmnisaken. 2. (ekon.). regionuli ekonomikuri poli-tika, miswrafeba damoukide-beli bazris SeqmnisaTvis, sruli ekonomikuri damouki-deblobis miRebisa da cent-ridan damoukideblobisaTvis. separatuli [laT. separatus] _

gankerZoebuli, gancalkeve-buli. ser [ingl. sir] _ ingli-

surenovan qveynebSi (aSS, inglisi da sxv.): zrdilobiani mimarTva mamakacisadmi. warmo-iTqmis (iwereba) saxelisa da gvaris gareSe. servisi [ingl. service] _

sxvadasxva saxis komunalur-sayofacxovrebo mosaxureba.

74

servituti [laT. servitus _ monoba, damorCileba] _ (samarT.). sxvisi qonebiT sar-geblobis ufleba garkveul farglebSi. saerTaSoriso ser-vituti _ erTi saxelmwifos teritoriul uflebaTa gark-veuli SezRudva meore saxelm-wifos sasargeblod (sazRvao da samxedro bazebis Seqmna, gzebiT sargebloba sxvis teritoriaze da sxv.). seria [laT. series _ rigi,

mwkrivi] _ (ekon.). fasiani qaRaldebis erToblioba, romelic gamoSvebulia erTi identifikatoriT. sertifikati [laT. sertifico _

vamowmeb] _ 1. werilobiTi finansuri dokumenti, mowmoba, romelic adasturebs misi mflobelis mier fuladi saxsrebis garkveuli Tanxis Setanis faqts da aqedan gamom-dinare aZlevs mas garkveul uflebas. 2. obligaciis nair-saxeoba. 3. sagareo vaWrobaSi: saqonlis xarisxis damadastu-rebeli dokumenti. 4. pirov-nebis codnisa da unaris damamtkicebeli dokumenti. sertifikacia _ 1. xaris-

xobrivi maxasiaTeblebis Sesa-bamisobis dadastureba im donesTan, romelic xarisxis standarts moeTxoveba. 2. sertifikatis miReba. sesia [laT. sessio _ sxdoma] _

perioduli sxdoma, romelsac atareben warmomadgenlobiTi organoebi, sasamarTlo, samec-niero dawesebulebebi da sxv.

setlmenti [ingl. settlement] _ (finans.). angariSsworeba sabirJo operaciebis xaziT; sixSire, romliTac iangari-Seba saangariSsworebo fasebi da gadaixdeba marJa. seqtori [laT. sector] _

(ekon.). meurneobis nawili, romelsac garkveuli ekono-mikuri da socialuri niSnebi axasaiaTebs. mag., kerZo seqto-ri, saxelmwifo seqtori da a.S. svingi [ingl. swing _

meryeoba] _ valutebisa da fasiani qaRaldebis kursebis meryeoba birJaze. svitCi [ingl. switch _

gadasvla, gadarTva, mimarTu-lebis Secvla] _ adre mire-bul valdebulebaTa likvida-cia da operaciebis, gari-gebebis dasruleba erTi saxe-obis fasian qaRaldebTan, valutebTan da gadasvla sxva saxeobis garigebebze; samarT-lebriv-komerciuli Tvalsaz-risiT, garigeba `svitCi~ gulisxmobs eqsportioris mier Semxvedri Sesyidvis dros warmoSobili Tavisi valdebulebebis mesame pirze gadacemas, romelTanac eqspor-tiors am sakiTxze ukve miR-weuli aqvs SeTanxmeba. svifti [ingl. Society of

Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications, SWIFT] _ saerTaSoriso fuladi anga-riSsworebisa da gadasaxdele-bis ganxorcielebis avtomati-zebuli sistema kompiutere-

75

biTa da bankTaSorisi tele-komunikaciebiT. svopi _ savaWro-finansuri

gacvliTi operacia, romelSic garigebis dadebas fasiani qaRaldebis, valutis yidvis (gayidvis) Sesaxeb Tan axlavs kontrgarigebis dadeba gansaz-Rvruli vadis Semdeg imave saqonlis ukugayidvis (yidvis) Sesaxeb imave an sxva pirobiT. `svopingi~ _ fasiani qaRal-

debis gayidva da Semdgomi TiTqmis imavdrouli yidva, romelic xorcieldeba im mizniT, rom gaeridos gada-saxadebs, romlebic gadasax-delia fasiani qaRaldebis xangrZlivad flobis dros. svop-kursi _ bankebis mier

ucxouri valutis erTdrouli yidvisa da gayidvis fasebi im pirobiT, rom maTi anga-riSsworeba xorcieldeba sxva-dasxva dros. `svopcioni~ _ svopisa da

ofcionis kombinacia ofci-onis formiT, operacia svopis dadebaze gansazRvruli piro-bebiT. simpoziumi [berZ. symposia _

wveuleba] _ saerTaSoriso TaTbiri raime samecniero sakiTxze. sindikati [laT. sindikatus,

sindicus] _ erTgvarovani produqciis gamomSveb sawar-moTa xanmokle gaerTianeba, romelic erTiani savaWro qseliT aseTi produqciis sarealizaciod iqmneba.

sindicirebuli krediti _ krediti, romelic msesxebels ramdenime kreditoris mier eZleva. sindicirebuli operacia _

operacia, romelic bankebis, kompaniebis jgufis mier xorcieldeba. sinekura _ (gadat.). kargad

anazRaurebuli Tanamdeboba. sinergia [berZ. synergos _

erTad moqmedeba] _ (ekon.). saqmianobis efeqtianobis zrda imis Sedegad, rom ganxorci-eldeba calkeuli nawilebis SeerTeba, integracia, Serwyma erT sistemaSi e.w. sistemuri efeqtis xarjze. sinTezuri maCveneblebi

[frang. synthegis _ SeerTeba] _ ganmazogadebeli maCveneblebi, romlebic axasiaTeben ekono-mikur obieqts, ekonomikur sis-temas mTlianad, misi nawi-lebis organul mTlianobaSi. sinior (e), (siniora) [ital.

signore, signora] _ (dipl.). ita-liaSi: zrdilobiani xseneba mamakacisa (qalisa) an misdami mimarTva. Cveulebriv, warmoi-Tqmis (iwereba) gvarTan erTad. sinqromarketingi [berZ.

sinchronos _ erTdrouli da ingl. market _ bazari] _ marketingis erT-erTi saxeoba, romelsac atareben firmebi maT saqonelsa da momsaxu-rebaze cvalebadi, aramdgradi moTxovnis pirobebSi (mag., sezonis dros daAa.S.). sistemuri analizi [berZ.

systēma _ mTliani, romelic

76

Sedgenilia nawilebisagan da analisis _ daSla, danawevreba] _ (ekon.). rTuli mravaldoniani da mravalkomponentiani siste-mebis, obieqtebis, procesebis da meTodebis erToblioba, romlebic sistemis elemen-tebs Soris kompleqsur midgomas, urTierTkavSiris gaTvaliswinebas efuZneba. situaciuri marTva [laT.

situatio _ mdgomareoba] _ (menej.). operatiuli marTva, romelic strategiuli, pers-peqtiuli marTvis damatebiT xorcieldeba. siurveieri [ingl. surveyer] _

eqsperti, romelic damzRvevis an mzRvevelis TxovniT daz-Rveuli an dasazRvevi gemebisa da tvirTis daTvalierebas axorcielebs. sif-i [ingl. CIF inicialuri

abreviatura sityvebidan _ cost _ fasi, insurance _ dazRveva da freight _ fraxti] _ saqonlis miwodebis erT-erTi gavrce-lebuli piroba saerTaSoriso vaWrobaSi, romlis Tanaxmad, gamyidveli valdebulia daaz-Rvios saqoneli da gadaixa-dos fraxti, miitanos saqo-neli portSi da datvirTos igi gemze SeTanxmebul vadaSi, gadasces myidvels konosa-menti (sasaqonlo qviTari) da dazRvevis polisi. skalperi [ingl. scalper] _

fasebis swraf meryeobaze moq-medi birJis wevri.

skeiti [ingl. scathe] _ aqciebis kotirebaze dilere-bis uari, rac winaswar gamoc-xadebulia maT mier masmediis saSualebiT. skvoteri [ingl. squeatter] _

xizani; piri, romelic ukano-nod iWreba sxvis sakuTrebaSi. skonto _ saqonlis fas-

Camokleba misi gadaxdis vadis dadgomamde ganaRdebis dros. skripi _ axal aqciebze

sertifikatebis winaswari gacema. slogani _ sareklamo

lozungi, devizi, sareklamo ideis mokle, advilad aRqmadi, efeqturi formulireba. smart-karta _ plastikuri

saangariSsworebo sabanko baraTi Cadgmuli mikroproce-sorebiT. sorti [frang. sorte] _

saqonlis dayofa xarisxis mixedviT garkveul jgufebad. spekulacia sabirJo, sava-

luto [laT. speculatio _ zverva] _ aqciebis, obligaciebis, valutis yidva-gadayidva moge-bis misaRebad. specializacia [frang.

spécialisation] _ saqmianobis Tav-moyra SedarebiT viwro speci-alur mimarTulebebze, calke-ul teqnologiur operaciebze an gamosaSvebi produqciis saxeobebze. specifikacia [frang. spécifi-

cation] _ gasayidad an misawo-deblad SeTavazebuli saqon-lis CamonaTvali, romelSic

77

naCvenebia misi raodenoba, xarisxi, marka, xarisxobrivi maxasiaTeblebi, xolo aucile-bel SemTxvevaSi _ fasebic. spikeri [ingl. Speaker] _

piri, romelic parlamentis sxdomas Tavmjdomareobs. spiritualuri [laT. spiritus

_ sulieri] _ eklesiuri, wminda, RvTiseuli, gonebrivi. spliti _ korporaciebis,

aqcioneruli kompaniebis ara-realizebuli aqciebis dayofa, danawileba naklebad msxvili aqciebis did raodenobad maTi gavrcelebis gasaadvileblad. sponsori [ingl. sponsor] _ 1.

Tavdebi, garanti. 2. fizikuri an iuridiuli piri, romelic afinansebs ekonomikur pro-eqts, socialuri RonisZiebis gatarebas. 3. SemkveTi, orga-nizatori, msxvili RonisZiebis momwyobi. spoti [ingl. spot _ naRdi,

dauyovnebliv gasanaRdebeli] – sabirJo an arasabirJo garigeba arsebuli saqonlis an valutis gayidvis Sesaxeb, romliTac gaTvaliswinebulia Zalze moklevadiani (erTi dRe-Rame) miwodeba da ganaR-deba. sprederi _ birJis vaWari,

romelic yidulobs da imav-droulad yidis fiuCersul kontraqtebs drois sxvadasxva periodiT. spredi [ingl. spread] _ (vaWr.).

1. fiuCersuli kontraqtebis imavdrouli yidva da gayidva erTsa da imave saqonelze

miwodebis sxvadasxva vadiT. 2. erTi tipis ofcionebis imav-drouli yidva da gayidva sxvadasxva fasSi an vadis gasvlis sxvadasxva periodSi. 3. fasebis meryeobis gaqaneba. stagnacia [laT. stagno _

vaCereb] _ (ekon.). warmoebis, vaWrobisa da misT. Seneleba, Seferxeba. stagflacia [laT. stagno _

vxdi umoZraos da inflatio _ gaberva] _ (ekon.). stagnaciisa da inflaciis Sexameba, eko-nomikis mdgomareoba, roca erTdroulad xdeba warmoebis dacema, fasebisa da umuSevro-bis zrda, ekonomikuri krizi-sis inflaciasTan Sexameba. stadia [berZ. stadio] _

ekonomikuri procesis peri-odi, faza, safexuri. mag., pro-duqciis sasicocxlo ciklis stadiebi: danergva, zrda, simwife da dacema. standarti [ingl. standard _

norma, nimuSi] _ 1. dargis, sawarmos (firmis) oficialuri saxelmwifo an normatiuli dokumenti, romliTac aucile-beli Tvisebrivi maxasia-Teblebi, moTxovnebi dgindeba. 2. nimuSi, etaloni, romelsac sxva amgvar obieqts udareben. statistika [ingl. statistics <

laT.] _ (ekon.). mecniereba, romelic swavlobs raode-nobriv cvlilebebs adamianTa sazogadoebaSi. statusi [laT. status _

mdgomareoba] _ saerTaSoriso

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samarTlis subieqtTa samarT-lebrivi mdgomareoba, rome-lic dadgenilia saerTaSo-riso samarTlis normebiT. status-kvo [laT. status quo] _

saerTaSoriso samarTalSi: raime garkveul momentSi (winaT an amJamad), arsebuli mdgomareoba. statuti [laT. statutum _

vadgen, vwyvet] _ saerTaSo-riso samarTalSi: aqti, debu-leba, wesdeba saerTaSoriso organizaciis saqmianobisa da wesis Sesaxeb, romelic am organizaciis struqturas, uf-lebebsa da valdebulebebs gansazRvravs. mag., gaeros saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos statuti da sxv. stelaJi [germ. Stellage _

ormagi ofcioni] _ fasiani qaRaldebis yidva-gayidvis vadiani garigebis forma, ro-melic xasiaTdeba imiT, rom pirovneba, romelmac iyida stelaJi, iZens uflebas _ garigebis vadis dadgomis dros gamovides Tavisi arCe-viT fasiani qaRaldebis gam-yidvelis an myidvelis rolSi. stend-bai _ sakredito

xelSekrulebis pirobebi, romelTa Sesabamisad banki arezervebs dadgenili vadi-saTvis daTqmul Tanxas, xolo klienti iyenebs mas nawi-lobriv an mTlianad. stokbrokeri [ingl. stock

broker] _ Tavisi saxeliT moqmedi piri, romelic yidis

Tavisi klientebis pais an aqciebs. stokisti [ingl. stock _

kapitali, qoneba] _ impor-tiori firma, romelic axor-cielebs eqsport-importis operaciebs konsignaciis wesiT xelSekrulebis safuZvelze, aqvs sakuTari sawyobi, yidu-lobs da yidis saqonels Tavisi saxeliTa da xarjiT. strategia [berZ. stratēgia] _

sazogadoebriv-politikuri brZolis xelmZRvanelobis xelovneba. stringi [ingl. string _ rigi,

seria] _ erTgvarovani saqon-lis jgufi, romelic auqci-onze erT erTeulad gamodis da saerTo fasiT iyideba. `strit-neimi~ _ fasiani

qaRaldebi, romlebic klien-tis nacvlad brokeris saxelzea gamowerili. subvencia [laT. subvenire] _

igivea, rac subsidia; fuladi daxmareba, romelsac centra-luri organoebi gansazR-vruli RonisZiebis, obieqtis miznobrivi dafinansebisaTvis gamoyofen. subieqti ekonomikuri [laT.

subjectum _ piri, subieqti] _ piri, romelic axorcielebs ekonomikur, sameurneo saqmia-nobas, iqneba es calkeuli adamiani, ojaxi, sawarmo Tu saxelmwifo. subijara [laT. sub _ qveS da

pol. arenda] _ moijaris mier ijariT aRebuli qonebis

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nawilis ijariT gadacema mesame pirisaTvis, romlis drosac moijare xdeba ijariT gamcemi im piris mimarT, romelic moijaris rolSi gamodis. subordinacia [laT.

subordinatio] _ ufrosebisadmi umcrosebis samsaxurebrivi daqvemdebarebis sistema, samsa-xurebrivi disciplinis dacva. subsidia [laT. subsidium _

daxmareba, mxardaWera] _ fuladi an materialuri daxmareba, romelic saxelm-wifo biujetidan, specialuri fondebidan fizikur da iuridiul pirebs, sxva saxelm-wifoebs miecema. uSualod micemul daxmarebas pirdapir subsidiebs, xolo sagadasa-xado SeRavaTebs _ arapirda-pir subsidiebs uwodeben. substituti [laT. substitutum

_ vdeb nacvlad] _ saqoneli, romelic misi msgavsi Tvise-bebis mqone sxva saqonels cvlis. suvereni [frang. souverain] _

umaRlesi Zalauflebis mpyro-beli. suvereniteti [germ.

Souveräinität _ uzenaesoba] _ saxelmwifo xelisuflebis uzenaesoba qveynis SigniT da damoukidebloba saerTaSo-riso urTierTobebSi. suvereniteti ekonomikuri _

(samarT.). saxelmwifos, region-nis ekonomikuri damoukideb-loba sxva saxelmwifoebisa da regionebisagan.

supermarketi [ingl. Supermarket _ mniSvnelovani bazari] _ (vaWr.). msxvili maRazia, romelSic mravali sxvadasxvagvari saqonelia warmodgenili. surogati [laT. surrogatus _

sxvis nacvlad] _ (ekon.). yalbi, falsificirebuli pro-duqti.

t tabeli [laT. tabula, germ.

Tabelle _ cxrili] _ 1. gark-veuli wesiT Sedgenili obieqtebisa da pirebis CamonaTvali; sia. 2. samuSaoze muSakebis misvla-wasvlis aRricxvis dokumenti. tabulagrama [laT. tabula da

berZ. gramm _ weriTi niSani] _ saangariSgebo dokumenti, gaan-gariSebis Sedegi, aRbeWdili tabulatorze an kompiuteris sabeWd mowyobilobaze. tabulatori [laT. tabula _

dafa] _ gamomTvleli manqana. taimingi [ingl. timing _

drois arCeva] _ sabirJo ter-mini, romelic niSnavs yvelaze ufro xelsayrel moments aqciebis yidva-gayidvisaTvis. taim-Carteri [ingl. time

charter] _ (zRv.). xelSekruleba savaWro gemis ijariT aRebaze garkveuli droiT, Cveulebriv, araumetes 12 Tvisa. talimani [ingl. tallyman] _

saqonlis ganvadebiT gamyid-veli.

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taloni [frang. talon] _ 1. (ekon.). qaRaldi, dokumenti, romelic adasturebs misi mflobelis uflebas miiRos sikeTe, faseuloba, nivTi. 2. dokumentis nawili, romelic damoukidebeli saxiT gamoi-yeneba. tantiemi [frang. tantième] _

damatebiTi gasamrjelo, pre-mia, romelic firmis zemdgom xelmZRvanel Semadgenlobas firmis mier miRebuli wminda mogebidan miecema. tara [ital. tara, arab.-dan

tarha _ gamoqviTva] _ saqonlis safuTavi. targetireba [ingl. target _

mizani] _ fuladi sistemis miznobrivi orientirebis dadgena, fulis masis namatis regulireba, rasac Tavis politikaSi iyeneben centra-luri bankebi. tarifi [frang. tarif] _ (ekon.).

gadasaxadis ganakveTi sxva-dasxvagvari momsaxurebisaTvis. tarifikacia [frang. tarifica-

tion] _ risame tarifis dadgena. taqsa [germ. taxe, laT.-dan

taxare _ Sefasdes] _ tarifebis, fasebis, anazRaurebis mkafiod dadgenili done; nixri. taqsacia [laT. taxatio] _

risame nixris dadgena; Sefa-seba. taqtika [berZ. taktikē _ jaris

darazmvis xelovneba] _ 1. sa-zogadoebrivi da politikuri brZolis xerxebi. 2. (gadat.). raime miznis misaRwevi xerxebi.

taqtika ekonomikuri _ xanmokle ekonomikuri qceva, romelic mimdinare situaci-idan gamomdinare SedarebiT xanmokle periodisaTvis aris gaTvlili. tezavracia [berZ. thesauros _

ganZi] _ 1. mosaxleobis mier fulis dagroveba mimoqcevidan misi amoRebis gziT. 2. kerZo pirebis mier oqros dagroveba ganZis saxiT. 3. qveynis oqros maragis Seqmna. telemarketingi [ingl.

telemarketing] _ (vaWr.). gasaReba telekomunikaciebis daxmare-biT. teleqsuri kavSiri [ingl.

telegraf exchange] _ satelegrafo-saabonento kavSirgabmulobis erTiani saerTaSoriso avto-matizebuli sistema informa-ciis operatiuli gadacemi-saTvis. teleSopingi [ingl. telesho-

ping] _ sacalo vaWroba tele-komunikaciur saSualebaTa daxmarebiT; saqonlis SekveTa nimuSebis mixedviT tele-foniT, saxlSi mitaniT. `telo~ _ sakuTreba

mzrunvelis xelSi; ZiriTadi Tanxa, kapitali. tendencia [laT. tendo _

miviswrafi] _ analizis Sede-gad gamovlenili myari urTi-erTobebi, ZiriTadi niSnebi, Tvisebebi, mimarTulebebi. tenderi [ingl. tender] _ Ria

an daxuruli konkurentuli vaWroba.

81

terori [laT. terror] _ SiSi, saSineleba. terorizmi [ingl. terrorism] _

politikuri miznebiT ganxor-cielebuli Zaladobis aqti. danaSauli, romelic miznad isaxavs xelisuflebaze zemo-qmedebas, mis daSinebas da iZulebas. teroristi _ piri, romelic axorcielebs Zala-dobis aqts politikuri miznebiT. testi [ingl. test] _ 1. raimes

muSaobis xarisxis Semowmeba. 2. gamocdis Catarebis saSualeba. teqnika [berZ. technē _

xelovneba] _ 1. (dipl.). mola-parakebis warmarTvis xerxebis erToblioba. 2. sawarmoo saq-mianobaSi teqnikur saSuale-baTa erToblioba Sromis nayofierebisa da produqciis xarisxis asamaRleblad. teqnokratia [berZ. technē _

xelovneba da kratos _ Zala-ufleba] _ 1. mmarTvel xeli-suflebaSi inJinrebisa da mec-nierebis gadasvla. 2. ekono-mikuri procesebisa da movle-nebisadmi wminda teqnikuri poziciebidan midgoma. teqnologia [berZ. technē _

xelovneba da logos _ moZR-vreba] _ 1. mecniereba nedle-ulis, nakeTobebisa da naxevar-fabrikatebis damuSavebis fi-zikur-qimiuri da sxva xerxe-bis Sesaxeb. 2. garkveuli wesi-Ta da TanamimdevrobiT gan-xorcielebul operaciaTa erToblioba.

teqnologiuri parki [ingl. industrial park] _ mecnierebisa da warmoebis teritoriuli integraciis axali forma, romelic, ZiriTadad, Tavisu-fal savaWro zonebSia ganviTarebuli. teqnopolisi [berZ. technē _

xelovneba da polis _ qalaqi] _ Tavisufali ekonomikuri zonis erT-erTi forma, rome-lic inovaciuri procesebis dasaCqareblad iqmneba. `tvisti~ [ingl. twist] _

saxelmwifo organoebis mcde-loba Secvalon procentuli ganakveTebis droebiTi struq-tura. tikeri [ingl. tiker] _

sistema, romelic `morbenali striqoniT~ eleqtro tabloze asaxavs yvelaze ukanasknel sabirJo garigebaTa kursebs. tiki _ birJaze kursis mini-

maluri meryeoba, romelic dadgenilia sabirJo wesebiT. tiraJi [frang. tirage _ weva]

_ sesxis an latariis mogebaTa gaTamaSeba. tituli [laT. titulus _

warwera, sapatio wodeba] _ 1. iuridiuli, dokumenturi dasa-buTeba uflebisa garkveul qmedebebze, gansakuTrebul mdgomareobaze, qonebaze, sa-qonlis flobaze. 2. gansa-kuTrebuli kari kanonSi an kanonTa kodeqsSi. `tom-neksti~ _ kombinire-

buli sabirJo garigeba, romelic faqtobrivad iwyeba

82

meore, xolo mTavrdeba mesame dRes. mag., erTdroulad valutis yidva miwodebiT Semdeg samuSao dRes da ga-yidviT meore samuSao dRes. tonaJi [ingl. tonnage] _

registrirebuli tevadoba, satransporto saSualebis tvirTamweoba, gamoxatuli tonobiT. topiksi [ingl. TOPIX – Tokio

stock price index] _ fasiani qaRaldebis fasebis specia-luri indeqsi tokios safondo birJaze. totalitarizmi [frang.

totalitaire] _ politikuri sis-tema, romelSic saxelmwifos absoluturi Zalaufleba aqvs Tavis moqalaqeebze. tradicia [laT. traditio _

gadacema] _ istoriulad Camo-yalibebuli, Taobidan Taobas gadacemuli wes-Cveulebebi, yofaqcevis normebi, Sexedu-lebebi da sxv. trakacia _ winaswari

winadadeba saqonlis gayidvis an yidvis Sesaxeb, im mizniT, rom gairkves dainteresebul pirTa reaqcia. tranziti [laT. transitus] _

tvirTebis gadazidva, mgzav-rebis gadayvana Sualeduri punqtis gavliT. trans- [laT. trans -iT,

gavliT, gamWol] _ rTuli sityvis pirveli Semadgeneli nawili. aRniSnavs: 1. moZraobas risame gavliT. 2. risame saSualebiT gadacemas.

transaqcia [laT. transactio _ Sesruleba, xelSekruleba] _ 1. sabanko operacia, romliTac xdeba fuladi saxsrebis gadagzavna erTi angariSidan meoreze. 2. politikur-iuri-diuli SeTanxmeba, romelsac Tan axlavs urTierTdaTmoba. translacia [ingl. translatio]

_ saqonlis Rirebulebis gada-angariSeba erTi valutidan meoreSi. transporti [laT. transporto

_ gadamaqvs] _ 1. meurneobis dargi, romelsac gadahyavs mgzavrebi da gadaaqvs tvirTi. 2. bankis werilobiTi brZaneba Tavisi korespondentebisadmi brZanebaSi miTiTebuli piri-saTvis Tanxis misacemad. transferi, transferti

[ingl. transfer, frang. transfert _ gadacema] _ 1. ucxouri valutis erTi qveynidan meo-reSi gadagzavna. 2. erTi piris mier meorisaTvis fasiani qaRaldebis flobis uflebis gadacema. 3. garigebis mixedviT sazRauris erTi angariSidan meoreze gadatana. 4. erTi qveynidan meoreSi moqalaqeTa gadasvla. transformacia [laT.

transformatio _ Secvla] _ eko-nomikuri saqmianobis struqtu-rebis, formebisa da xerxebis gardaqmna, misi miznobrivi mimarTulebis Secvla. tranSa, tranSi [frang.

tranchée] _ saobligacio sesxis seria, romelic calke gamoS-vebad gamodis.

83

trasanti [germ. Trassant, ital.-dan trassante] _ gada-sagzavni Tamasuqis mflobeli, romelic pasuxismgebelia mis aqceptsa da gadaxdaze. trasati [germ. Trassat, ital.

trassate _ Tamasuqis gadagzavna] _ gadasagzavni Tamasuqis gadamxdeli, movale. trasti _ 1. iuridiuli

dokumenti an iuridiuli qmedeba, romelic erT pirs meoris mxridan akisrebs ndobiTi sakuTrebis marTvis iuridiul funqcias, mindo-bilobas. 2. sakuTrebis ndo-biTi marTvis procesi. trast-kompania _ 1.

kompania, romelic asrulebs ndobiT funqcias, e.i. moq-medebs im piris davalebiT, romelmac ando mas es qmedeba. 2. ndobiT aRWurvili piri, romelic qonebas misi mflo-belis davalebiT marTavs. trast-sertifikati [ingl.

trust sertificate] _ fasiani qaRal-di, romelsac miznobrivad axali mowyobilobis SeZeni-saTvis uSveben. trastuli SeTanxmeba _

SeTanxmeba banksa da klients Soris, riTac banki Tavis Tavze iRebs klientis Tanxebis marTvaze zrunvas. trata [ital. tratta] _

gadasagzavni Tamasuqi, sagareo vaWrobaSi: saangariSsworebo dokumenti. trata domicilirebuli

[ingl. domicifed bill] _ trata,

romelzec aqceptantis mier miTiTebulia gadaxdis adgili. treideri [ingl. trade _

vivaWroT] _ 1. sabirJo vaWrobaSi monawile sabroke-ro firmis muSaki. 2. nebis-mieri iuridiuli an fizikuri piri, romelsac ufleba aqvs dados garigeba birJaze. 3. movaWre. trendi [ingl. trend] _

ekonomikuri maCveneblebis Secvlis mimarTuleba, rome-lic ganisazRvreba saangariS-gebo, statistikuri monaceme-bis damuSavebisa da amis sa-fuZvelze ekonomikuri zrdis an dacemis tendenciis dad-geniT. tresti [ingl. trust] _

firmebis gaerTianeba, romel-Sic misi monawileebi TavianT savaWro-sawarmoo mmarTvelo-biT funqciebs centris xelmZRvanelobas gadascemen. tribunali [laT. tribunal] _

sagangebo sasamarTlo. trigeri [ingl. trigger] _

sakredito SeTanxmebis piro-bebi, romlis drosac avto-maturad dgeba raime Sedegi, mag., kreditis vadamde dafar-vis moTxovna. triplikati [ingl. triplicate]

_ dokumenti, romelic Sedge-nilia sam egzemplarad. Saer-TaSoriso vaWrobaSi: kontraq-tis mesame egzemplaris beWdiT damowmeba.

84

u

uzurpacia [laT. usurpatio] _ Zalauflebis ukanonod xelSi Cagdeba, sxvisi uflebebis miTviseba. uzufruqti [laT. usus _

gamoyeneba da fructus _ nayofi, Semosavali] _ (samarT.). sxvisi sakuTrebis Semosavlis an miwis gamoyenebis ufleba. uikendi [ingl. week-end] _

`kviris bolo~; dasvenebis dro paraskevsaRamodan orSabaTdi-lamde (romelsac, qalaqgareT atareben). ultimatumi [laT. ultimatum

_ ukanaskneli] _ erTi sa-xelmwifos kategoriuli moT-xovna meoris mimarT, romlis Seusruleblobas mosdevs diplomatiuri urTierTobis gawyveta an Zalis gamoyeneba. ultimo [ital. ultimo _

ukanaskneli, bolo] _ komer-ciul da sabirJo praqtikaSi: Tvis bolo dRe, garigebis damTavrebis bolo vada. ultra [laT. ultra] _

prefiqsi, romelic aRniSnavs eqstremalurs, ukiduress (mag., ultraTanamedrove). ultra viresi [laT. ultra

vires _ SesaZleblobis zeviT] _ saqmianoba, romelic garkveul uflebebs aRemateba da ufle-bamosilebaTa CarCoebs miRmaa gamosuli. unia [laT. unio _ erTianoba,

gaerTianeba] _ saerTaSoriso

samarTalSi ori an ramdenime saxelmwifos gaerTianeba erTi saxelmwifos meTaurobiT. unitaruli [frang. unitaire] _

mTliani, erTiani. unitaruli saxelmwifo _ federaciul erTeulebad (Statebi, mxareebi da sxv.) dauyofadi saxelm-wifo. unifikacia [laT. unus _ erTi

da facio _ vakeTeb] _ saerTo normaze gadayvana; gaerTianeba. uncia [laT. uncia] _ woniTi

erTeuli (daaxloebiT, 30 gr.). uol-striti [ingl. Wall-

Street] _ niu-iorkSi: quCa, sadac moTavsebulia udidesi bankebi, niu-iorkis safondo birJa da sxv. uoranti, varanti [ingl.

warrant] _ mowmoba, romelic gaicema saqonlis Sesanaxad miRebis Taobaze saqonlis wonis, xarisxisa da rao-denobis miTiTebiT. urbanizacia [frang.

urbanisation] _ mrewvelobisa da mosaxleobis msxvil qalaqebSi Tavmoyra. utilizacia [laT. utilis _

sasargeblo] _ warmoebis narCenebis (jarTi da sxv.) meoradi gamoyeneba. utilitarizmi [laT. utilitas

_ sargebeli, gamorCena] _ eko-nomikuri azris mimdinareoba, romelic sagnebs, nivTebs, procesebsa da movlenebs maTi sargeblianobis, gamoyenebis TvalsazrisiT afasebs.

85

f fabrikati [laT. fabricatus _

damzadebuli] _ gadamamuSa-vebeli mrewvelobis damTavre-buli produqti, mza nawarmi. favoriti [frang. favorite,

laT. favor _ keTilganwyo-bileba] _ 1. adamiani, romelic sargeblobs maRali Tanamde-bobis mqone piris keTilgan-wyobiT. 2. korporacia, firma, romelsac konkurentul brZo-laSi sxvebTan SedarebiT mo-gebis miRebis meti Sansi aqvs. falsifikacia [laT. falsifico

_ vayalbeb] _ raime namdvi-lis, WeSmaritis Secvla mcda-riT, yalbiT; risame gayalbeba, xarisxis gauareseba. fao [ingl. FAO] – gaeros

sasursaTo da sasoflo-sameurneo organizacia. fas-i [ingl. FAS, free alongside

ship _ Tavisufalia gemis bor-tis gaswvriv] _ saerTaSoriso vaWrobaSi gavrcelebuli saba-ziso piroba, romelic saqon-lis miwodebisa da ganaRdebis wess gansazRvravs. faqsimile [laT. fac simile _

gaakeTe msgavsi] _ beWedi, kliSe, romlis gamoyenebiT adamianis xelmowera meordeba. faqtori [ingl. factor _

agenti, Suamavali] _ 1. sawar-mos (ekonomikis) ganviTarebis erT-erTi ZiriTadi resursi (miwa, Sroma, kapitali, mewar-meoba). 2. agenti, romelsac

evaleba da aqvs saqonlis gayidvis uflebamosileba. faqtoria [ingl. factory <

laT.] _ savaWro dasaxleba Semoziduli da gasazidi saqonlis sawyobebiT, romle-bic ganlagebulia sxva qve-yanaSi. faqtoringi [ingl. factoring,

factor-gan _ agenti, Suamavali] _ finansuri momsaxurebis (va-lebis amoReba) saxeoba, ro-melsac komerciuli bankebi wvril da saSualo firmebs uweven. faqtura [laT. factura _

damuSaveba, agebuleba] _ gam-yidvelis mier myidvelis saxelze gamowerili sasaqon-lo dokumenti angariSis sa-xiT, romelic gayiduli saqonlis saxeobis, raodeno-bisa da Rirebulebis Sesaxeb monacemebs Seicavs. federacia [laT. federation _

kavSiri, gaerTianeba] _ saxelmwifo wyobilebis for-ma, mmarTvelobis tipi; saxelm-wifoebis an organizaciebis jgufi, romelTac hyavT cent-raluri xelmZRvaneli orga-no, romelic maTi warmomad-genelia da maT saerTo inte-resebs icavs. fiasko [ital. fiasco] _

Cavardna, sruli warumateb-loba, marcxi. fiducia [laT. fiducia] _

ndobaze damyarebuli xelSek-ruleba.

86

fiduciari _ ndobiT aRWur-vili iuridiuli an fizikuri piri, romelic marTavs qonebas da atarebs masze pasuxismgeb-lobas sxva piris sasargeb-lod. filantropi [berZ. Philanthrö-

pos] _ qvelmoqmedi, mowyale adamiani. filiera _ gamyidvelis mier

gacemuli gansakuTrebuli Tamasuqi, romlis mflobels winadadeba eZleva miiRos mitanili saqoneli, romelic masze miyidulia garkveuli pirobebiTa da fasiT. finansebi [frang. finanse,

laT. financia _ naRdi fuli, Semosavali] _ ganmazogade-beli ekonomikuri termini; fuladi saxsrebi, finansuri resursebi, ganxiluli maT Seqmna-moZraobaSi, ganawileba-gadanawilebaSi, gamoyenebaSi. fio [ingl. FIO] _ saerTa-

Soriso vaWrobaSi gavrcele-buli saqonlis miwodebis piroba, romlis Tanaxmad CatvirTva-gadmotvirTvis samu-SaoTa Rirebulebis gadaxda tvirTis gamgzavnis an gemis mflobelis mier xdeba. firma [ital. firma] _

iuridiuli piris uflebis mqone sawarmos, kompaniis zogadi saxelwodeba. fiski [laT. fiscus] _ (finans.).

saxelmwifo xazina. fiuCersi [ingl. future _

momavali] _ aqciebis, valutis an saqonlis yidva-gayidva

momavalSi misawodeblad. 1. saswrafo garigeba fasebis ryevisagan TavdasaRwevad; SeTanxmebul droSi yidvis an gayidvis kontraqti. 2. gark-veuli vadiT Sesyiduli saqoneli. 3. vadiani xelSek-rulebebi. fiuCersuli garigebebi,

fiuCerebi [ingl. futures _ saqoneli, SeZenili winaswar, daswrebiT] _ birJaze saswra-fod dadebuli garigebebi sa-nedleulo saqonlis, oqros, valutis, fasiani qaRaldebis yidva-gayidvis Sesaxeb garage-bis dadebis momentSi moqmedi fasebiT, nayidi saqonlis mi-wodebiTa da SemdgomSi ganaR-debiT. fiuCersuli kontraqti _

SeTanxmeba, romelic iyideba bazarze, rogorc fasiani qaRaldebi. fiqcia [laT. fictio] _ 1.

mogonili, SeTxzuli ram. 2. sinamdvilis Seuferebeli, gamogonili mdgomareoba, ro-melsac raime mizniT iyeneben rogorc namdvils. fiqsacia [frang. fixcation] _

risame aRniSvna, registrireba, sabolood gansazRvra. mag., saqonlis, fasiani qaRaldebis fasebis gansazRvrul doneze SeCereba. fiqsingi [ingl. fixing, ingl.

fix _ ganmtkiceba, dadgena] _ saqonlis fasi, romelic dadgenilia birJaze drois mocemul momentSi.

87

fiqciuri kapitali [frang. fictif, laT. fictio _ mogonili, SeTxzuli] _ kapitali, rome-lic realurisagan gansxva-vebiT, materialur-nivTobriv an sulier faseulobas ar warmoadgens. igi, Cveulebriv, fasiani qaRaldia, romelic maT mflobelebs aZlevs Semo-savlis miRebis uflebas divi-dendebis, procentebis saxiT. fluqtuacia [laT. fluctuatio]

_ (finans.). gacvliTi kursis meryeoba. fob-i [ingl. FOB (Free on

board) _ Tavisuflad gemis bortze] _ saerTaSoriso vaWrobaSi: saqonlis gadazid-vis erT-erTi piroba, romlis Tanaxmad gamyidveli valdebu-lia miitanos saqoneli nav-sadgurSi da datvirTos igi myidvelis mier miTiTebul gemze. fondi [frang. fond, laT.

fondus-dan _ daarseba, dafuZ-neba] _ 1. maragi, fuladi saxsrebis dagroveba, fuladi kapitali. 2. fuladi da mate-rialuri saSualebebi, rom-lebic Tavmoyrilia erTad garkveuli miznebisaTvis. 3. organizacia, dawesebuleba, romelic Seqmnilia garkveuli jgufis adamianTa daxmarebis gasawevad (mag., saqvelmoqmedo, samecniero da sxv.). foreqsoli [ingl. FXall] _

eleqtronuli safondo birJa aSS-Si, evropasa da aziaSi.

forvardi [ingl. forward _ win] _ vadiani, swrafi anga-riSsworebis forma, romelic garigebis dadebis Semdeg ara umetes ori samuSao dRis ganmavlobaSi tardeba. formaluri [laT. forma] _ 1.

garkveviT da iuridiulad sworad dawerili. 2. mxolod garegnuli, araarsebiTi, moCve-nebiTi. formaloba _ oficia-luri procedura, an is, rac unda gakeTdes kanonis an Cveulebis Tanaxmad. formuliari [germ. Formular,

laT. formula -gan _ forma, wesi] _ savaWro dokumenti, xel-Sekruleba, romlis teqsti ZiriTadad Sedgenilia winas-war da mxolod ramdenime striqonis Sevsebasa da xel-moweras iTxovs, ris Semdegac is iuridiul Zalas iZens. forsmaJori [frang. fore

majeure] _ viTareba, romlis Tavidan acileba SeuZlebelia; gadaulaxavi dabrkoleba. forumi [laT. forum] _ 1.

farTo warmomadgenlobiTi kreba. 2. (gadat.). adgili, sadac imarTeba Sekreba, azrTa gacvla-gamocvla. forfeitingi [frang. a forfai

_ mTlianad, saerTo TanxiT] _ eqsportiorebis, gamyidvelebis dakreditebis Taviseburi for-ma saqonlis gayidvis dros, romelic sagareo vaWrobaSi ufro gamoiyeneba. am opera-ciis dros banki (forfei-tori) eqsportiorisagan gamo-

88

isyidis importioris fulad valdebulebas _ gaanaRdos mis mier nayidi saqoneli maSinve saqonlis miwodebis Semdeg da vadamde, mTlianad an nawi-lobriv Tavad unaRdebs saqon-lis Rirebulebas eqsporti-ors. vadamde ganaRdebisaTvis banki-forfeitori eqsporti-ors procents axdevinebs. fostisi _ moTxovnisa da

gasaRebis stimulirebis for-mebis RonisZieba. fra [ingl. FRA, forward rate

agreement] _ (ekon., samarT.). kontraqti banksa da firmas Soris, romelic gansazRv-ruli odenobis Tanxaze gark-veuli periodis ganmavlobaSi ucvleli procentuli ganak-veTis garantias iZleva. franko [ital. franco _

Tavisufali] _ saerTaSoriso vaWrobaSi: termini, romelic aRniSnavs saqonlis datvir-Tvas da gagzavnas gamyidve-lis xarjiT. fraqcia [frang. fraction] _

(polit.). 1. adamianebis jgufi ufro didi organizaciis Sig-niT. mag., politikuri parti-isa, visac gansxvavebuli Tval-sazrisi gaaCnia an gansakuT-rebuli miznebi aqvs da partiis ZiriTad xazs ar iziarebs. 2. parlamentSi: ama Tu im partiis deputatTa jgufi, romelic iqmneba par-tiis mier SemuSavebuli xazis gasatareblad. franSiza [frang. franchise _

SeRavaTi] _ 1. iseTi komer-

ciuli sawarmos Seqmnis ufle-ba, romelic Tavisi ufrosi partnioris saqonliT vaWrobs. 2. dazRvevis pirobebiT gaTva-liswinebuli qonebis damzR-vevi piris zaralis nawili, romelic mzRvevelis mier anazRaurebas ar eqvemdebareba. fraxti [germ.FFracht] _ 1.

tvirTis gadazidvis gadasax-deli wylis transportiT. dafraxtva _ daqiraveba. 2. tvirTi, gadaziduli fraxtiT da Tavad tvirTis gada-zidva. fri-raideri [ingl. free rider]

_ birJis klienti, romelic iyenebs xelSekrulebaSi adre SeTanxmebul vadaze garigebis saswrafo ganaRdebis praqti-kas, ris xarjzec birJis wesebis gverdis avliT dama-tebiT mogebas iRebs. fritrederoba [ingl.

freetrade] _ ekonomikuri mimdi-nareoba, romelic sameurneo cxovrebaSi vaWrobis Tavisuf-lebasa da saxelmwifos Caurevlobas emxroba; Tavis-ufali vaWroba. friholdi [ingl. freehold] _

miwis an qonebis ganusazR-vreli droiT (sapirisp. Liz-holdi) flobis absoluturi ufleba rentis gadaxdis gare-Se. frustracia [ingl. frustracion]

_ (samarT.). xelSekrulebis amaoeba, misi gegmebis darR-veva, moSla. fundamenturi [laT.

fundamentum] _ 1. ZiriTadi; mTavari. 2. (gadat.). arsebiTi.

89

mag., xelSekrulebis arsebiTi piroba, romlis Seusru-lebloba meore mxares am SeTanxmebis gawyvetis uflebas aZlevs.

q

qarizma [ingl. charisma] _ gavlena, dafuZnebuli xelmZR-vanelis pirovnul Tvisebebze an mis unarze Semoikribos momxreebi. qartia [berZ. chatēs] _

saxelmwifoebriv-politikuri mniSvnelobis mqone zogi do-kumentis saxelwodeba. mag., Tavisuflebis didi qartia. qenveseri [ingl. canvasser] _

piri, romelic xmebis mosagro-veblad binebSi dadis.

S SantaJi [frang. chantage] _

(samarT.). saxelis gamtexi faqtebis (namdvilisa Tu mogonilis) gamomJRavnebis muqara da am gziT gamoZalva (fulisa, qonebisa da sxv.). SariaTi [arab. šarïat] _

zogierT muslimur qveyanaSi: religiur-iuridiuli normebis erToblioba. Seixi [arab. šeih] _ muslimTa

umaRlesi sasuliero piri, RvTismetyveli da samarTlis-mcodne.

Serifi [ingl. sheriff] _ inglisisa da aSS-is sagra-foebSi: Tanamdebobis piri, romelic asrulebs administ-raciul da sasamarTlo funqciebs. Sefi [ingl. chief _ yvelaze

mniSvnelovani] _ mTavari: Tanamdebobis piri; xelmZRva-neli; lideri. Sikaneri _ arakeTilsindi-

sieri movaWre. Sokuri Terapia [frang. chok

_ dartyma] _ ekonomikis gajan-saRebisaTvis radikalur RonisZiebaTa kompleqsi, rome-lic mimarTulia misTvis damaxasiaTebeli uaryofiTi movlenebis _ fasebis zrdis, inflaciis da a.S. Semcire-bisaken. SomaJi _ stiqiuri mov-

lenebis gamo warmoebis gaCerebis Sedegad finansuri zaralis dazRveva. Sop-turi [ingl. shop tour] _

organizebuli sazRvargare-Tuli mogzauroba marSrutiT, romlis mTavari mizania farTo moxmarebis saqonlis SeZena, rogorc wesi, misi Semdgomi gadayidvisaTvis. Stati [ingl. State] _ 1.

federaluri saxelmwifos naxevraddamoukidebeli nawi-li. 2. mmarTvelobiTi struq-turis erTeuli. Straikbrexeri [germ.

Streikbrecher] _ piri, romelic agrZelebs muSaobas, rodesac gaficvaa gamocxadebuli.

90

Suleri [pol. szuler] _ TaRliTi, profesionali yal-Tabandi.

C Carteri [ingl. charter] _

transportis (gemis, TviTmf-rinavis, avtobusis) specia-luri mizniT daqiraveba, dafraxtva. Ceki [ingl. check] _ fasiani

qaRaldebis erT-erTi gavrce-lebuli saxeoba; dokumenti, romelic Seicavs meanabris gankargulebas bankisadmi, rom man mimdinare angariSidan gadauxados an gadauricxos warmdgens garkveuli Tanxa.

c cedenti [laT. cedo _

vuTmob] _ 1. samoqalaqo samarTalSi: piri, romelic Tavis kuTvnil uflebas sxva pirs gadascems. 2. dazRvevaSi: sadazRvevo kompania, romelic risks xelaxla azRvevs. ceremonia [laT. caerimonia _

mowiweba, Tayvaniscema] – (dipl.). oficialuri xasiaTis zeimi, romelic garkveuli wesebiT, winaswar Sedgenili gegmiT tardeba. cesia [laT. cessia _ gadacema]

_ (samarT.). sakuTrebis, sax-srebis flobis an maTi miRebis Tavisi uflebis sxva pirebze gadacema. mag., kredi-

tors (cedents) valis miRebis Tavisi ufleba SeuZlia sxva pirs (cesionars) gadasces. cesionari [ingl. cessionary] _

1. piri, romelic kreditori misTvis moTxovnis uflebis gadacemiT xdeba. 2. memkvidre, romelsac finansuri opera-ciebis Catarebis an memkvid-reobis ufleba gadaecema. 3. sadazRvevo kompania, romelic xelaxali dazRvevis risks (gadamzRvevi) Tavis Tavze iRebs. civilistika [laT. civilis] _

samoqalaqo samarTali. cikli [berZ. kyklos _ wre] _

procesebis, samuSaoebis, ope-raciebis erToblioba, rome-lic mTlianobaSi damTavre-bul wriul Tanamimdevrobas qmnian. cirkulari [germ. Zircular,

laT. circularis _ wriuli] _ qvemdgomi organoebisaTvis zemdgomi organos werilobiTi gankarguleba.

j jentlmenuri SeTanxmeba _

(dipl.). saerTaSoriso xelSek-ruleba, romelsac deben ofi-cialur formalobaTa dauc-velad, dauwerlad (zepirad). joberi [ingl. jobber] _ 1.

piri, romelic safondo birJaze Tavisi xarjiT asru-lebs operaciebs fasian qaRaldebTan dakavSirebiT. 2. firma, romelic importiore-

91

bisagan yidulobs saqonlis did partiebs swrafi gadayid-visaTvis.

h hairingi [ingl. hiring] _

mowyobilobis saSualovadiani xelSekruleba, lizingis erT-erTi forma. haitek-kompania [ingl.

highech company] _ kompania, romelic nergavs da iyenebs maRalteqnologiur procesebs, mowyobilobas, damuSavebebs. harmonizacia [berZ. harmonia

_ Tanazomiereba] _ (ekon.). gadasaxadebis urTierTSeTanx-mebuloba, sistemaSi moyvana, unifikacia, koordinacia, mowesrigeba, urTierTSesaba-misobis uzrunvelyofa. hastingsi [ingl. hustings] _

(polit.). winasaarCevno kampa-nia. hegemonia [berZ. hēgemonia] _

(polit.). erTi Zlieri saxelm-wifos mier mezobeli saxelm-wifoebis jgufze batonoba. hedonizmi [berZ. hedone _

didi siamovneba] _ individis miswrafeba Tavisi keTild-Reobis zrdisaken miRebuli siamovnebisaTvis. her [germ. Herr] _ germaniasa

da zog sxva qveyanaSi: mama-kacis xseneba an misdami mimarTva (Cveulebriv, gvarTan erTad); batoni; batono. hejeri _ sameurneo subieq-

ti, firma an banki, romelic

fiuCersul birJaze hejirebis operaciebs awarmoebs. heji _ saswrafo (xangrZ-

livi) operacia, garigeba, romelic ideba gamyidvelebisa da myidvelebis mocemul saqonelze sabazro fasis mo-mavali SesaZlo cvlilebi-sagan dazRvevis mizniT. hejireba, xejireba _ riskis

Semcireba, Tavis dazRveva danakargisagan, romelic ganpi-robebulia gamyidvelebisa da myidvelebisaTvis saqonelze sabazro fasebis araxelsay-reli cvlilebebiT imasTan SedarebiT, rac xelSekru-lebis dadebis dros iyo gaTvaliswinebuli. hiperinflacia [berZ. hyper _

zeviT da laT. inflatio _ gaberili] _ fulis mkveTri, swrafi gaufasureba, misi myidvelobiTunarianobis Sem-cireba, rac fasebis mniSv-nelovan zrdaSi vlindeba. hipoTeza [berZ. hypothesis _

raime movlenis asaxsnelad wamoyenebuli mecnieruli va-raudi, romlis ueWveloba jer cdiT ar aris damtkicebuli. holdingi [ingl. holding] _

korporacia, kompania, meTauri sawarmo, romelic marTavs an akontrolebs sxva sawarmoTa, (kompaniaTa) saqmianobas. `homo ekonomikuri~ [laT.

Homo economicus] _ 1. adamiani maRali ekonomikuri intiucii-Ta da SemecnebebiT, romelic ekonomikuri gadawyvetilebe-bis optimalur variantebs

92

iRebs. 2. adamiani, romelic SeuCerebel gamdidrebas esw-rafvis. honorari [laT. honorarium] _

fuladi Tanxa, romelsac damsaxurebisaTvis uxdian literaturuli, musikaluri, mecnieruli nawarmoebebis, gamogonebebis avtors. hofmakleri [germ. Hofmakler]

_ birJis mTavari makleri, romelic birJis wevrebis mier

sabirJo maklerebis Semadgen-lobidan gansazRvruli vadiT airCeva. humanitaruli daxmareba

[laT. humanum _ adamianuri] _ usasyidlo materialuri dax-mareba, romelic humanitaruli mosazrebebiT xorcieldeba.

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laTinuri warmomavlobis samarTalmcodneobiTi

sityva-gamoTqmebi

A Actio [akcio] _ sarCeli,

moqmedeba. Actio in rem [akcio in rem] _

sanivTo sarCeli. Ante factum [ante faqtum] _

sanam moxdebodes rame. Ab initio [ab inicio] _

Tavidan, dasabamidan, dasaw-yisidan.

Ad idem [ad idem] _ SeTanx-mebulad.

A fortiori [a fortriori] _ miT umetes, gansakuTrebiT.

Ad hoc [ed hoq] _ specia-lurad, am SemTxvevisaTvis.

Ad litem [ed litem] _ rac sasamarTlo saqmes exeba.

Alieni juris [alieni iuris] _ sxvisi uflebis.

Allocatur [alokatur] _ nebadarTulia.

Amicus curae [amikus kurae] _ mosamarTlis megobari.

Amicus plato, sed magis amitas veritas [amikus plato, sed magis amika veritas] _ pla-toni (Cemi) megobaria, magram ufro didi megobaria WeSma-riteba (aristotele).

A priori [a priori] _ imTaviTve.

Argumenta et rationes [argu-menta et raciones] _ mosaz-rebebi da daskvnebi.

Argumentum ad hominem [argumentum ad hominem] _ argumenti, romelic konkre-tuli piris azrs emyareba.

argumentum ad rem [argumen-tum ad rem] _ namdvil viTa-rebaze damyarebuli argu-menti.

Audiatur et altare pars [audia-tur et altare pars] _ mos-menil iqnas meore mxarec.

Audi, vide, sile! [audi, vide, sile] _ usmine, uyure, iyuCe!

Aurea mediocritas [aurea mediokritas] _ oqros Sua-ledi (horaciusi).

Ausculta et perpende [auskulta et perpende] _ moismine da awon-dawone.

Auscultare disce, si nescis loqui [auskultare dice, si nes-cis loqvi] _ iswavle mos-mena, Tu laparaki ar ici.

Ad valorem [ad valorem] _ fasis, Rirebulebis mixed-viT.

B

Bona causa [bona kauza] _

samarTliani saqme.

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C Calumnia [kalumnia] _

ciliswameba, cru braldeba. Capitis condemnare [kapitis

kondemnare] _ sikvdilis misja.

Casus a nullo praestantur [kazus a nulo prestantur] _ SemTxveviToba dausjelia.

Casus belli [kazus beli] _ omis sababi.

Carpe diem [karpe diem] _ gamoiyene dro, `mowyvite dRe~ (horaciusi).

Citius, altius, fortius [citius, altius, fortius] _ `ufro swrafad, ufro maRla, ufro Sors~ (olimpiuri TamaSebis devizi).

Cito [cito] _ swrafad. Conditio facti [kondicio

fakti] _ faqtobrivi piroba. Conditio juris [kondicio

iuris] _ samarTlebrivi piroba.

Conditio sine qua non [kondicio sine qva non] _ aucilebeli piroba.

Corpus delicti [korpus deliqti] _ nivTieri mtki-ceba, ZiriTadi samxili.

Corpus juris civilis [korpus iuris civilis] _ samoqa-laqo kanonTa krebuli.

Creditor [kreditor] _ valdebulebis Sesrulebis moTxovnaze uflebamosili piri.

Carte blanch [frang. kart blanSi] _ `sufTa furce-li~: moqmedebis sruli Tavisufleba.

Caveat emtor [kaveat emptor] _ myidveli gafrTxildes.

Cogito, ergo sum [kogito, ergo sum] _ `vazrovneb, maSasadame varsebob~ (dekarti).

Compus mentis [kompus mentis] _ saRi gonebis mqone, Seracxadi.

Consensus omnium [konsensus omnium] _ yvelas Tanxmoba.

Contra [kontra] _ winaaRm-deg.

Contra preferentem [kontra preferentem] _ mis winaaR-mdeg, vinc amtkicebs. wesi, rom dokumentSi raime orazrovneba ganimarteba im mxaris sawinaaRmdegod, ro-melmac igi Seadgina.

Consensus ad idem [konsensus ad idem] _ mxareTa nebis Tanxvedra.

Corpus delicti [korpus deliqti] _ danaSaulis da-mamtkicebeli; nivTmtkiceba.

Corpus ligis [korpus ligis] _ kanonTa krebuli.

Curriculum vitae [kurri-kulum vite] _ `cxovrebis mimdinareoba~; mokle cnobe-bi visime cxovrebis Sesaxeb.

95

D Debitor [debitor] _ movale. Decredo non stetit [dekreto

non stetit] _ gadawy-vetilebas ar eqvemdebareba.

De facto [de faqto] _ faqtobrivad.

De jure [de iure] _ iuridiulad, kanonis safuZ-velze.

De lege lata [de lege lata] _ moqmedi kanoniT.

De minimis non curat lex [de minimis non kurat leqs] _ kanons saqme ar unda hqondes trivialur (gacve-Tili, siaxles moklebuli) sakiTxTan.

De novo [de novo] _ Tavidan dawyeba.

Divide et impera [divide et impera] _ `gaTiSe da ibato-ne~ (romaeli dampyroble-bis politikuri principi).

Docendo discimus [docendo discimus] _ vaswavliT ra, Cvenc vswavlobT~ (seneka).

Do ut des [do ut des] _ `gaZlev, rom Senc momce~ (romauli samarTlis prin-cipi).

Doli capax [doli kapaqs] _ danaSaulis Camdeni.

Dominium et jur [dominium et iur] _ sakuTrebis ufleba.

Dum spiro, spero [dum spiro, spero] _ vidre suli midgas vimedovneb (ovidiusi).

E Ego [ego] _ me. Eror juris [eror iuris] _

Secdoma kanonSi (samara-TalSi).

Ex consensu [eqs konsensu] _ TanxmobiT.

Ex facto oritur jus [eqs fakto oritur ius] _ saqmidan iSva kanoni.

Ex jure [eqs iure] _ kanoniT, samarTlis ZaliT.

Ex lege [eqs lege] _ kanonidan gamomdinare.

Ex officio [eqs oficio] _ kanonis ZaliT, oficia-lurad.

Ex post facto [eqs post fakto] _ faqtis (momxdaris) Semdeg.

F Festima lente [festima

lente] _ `iCqare nela~; naucbadevad nu gaakeTeb.

Fiat justitia [fiat iusticia] _ marTlmsajuleba aRsrul-des.

Fieri facias [fieri facias] _ dae es moxdes.

96

Forum delicti [forum delikti] _ danaSaulis adgili.

Fortes fortuna adjuvat [fortes fortuna adiuvat] _ mamacT bedi swyalobT (teren-ciusi).

Functus officio [funktus officio] _ uflebamosi-lebis an iurisdiqciis ar qona.

G Grata, rata et accepta [grata,

rata et akcepta] _ dakano-nebuli da misaRebi.

H Homo sapiens [homo sapiens]

_ moazrovne adamiani. Homo sum, humani nihil a me

alienum puto [homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto] _ adamiani var (da) araferi adamianuri ar meucxoveba.

Humanum est errate [humanum est errate] _ adamia-nisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia Secdomebi.

I Ignoratia jurius noset [igno-

racia iuris noset] _ kanonis arcodna sazianoa.

Incognito [inkognito] _ farulad.

In esse [in esse] _ arse-buli.

In flagrante delicto [in flag-rante delikto] _ danaSa-ulis Cadenis momentSi.

In more [in more] _ kanonierad.

In pari delicto [in pari delikto] _ samarTaldarR-vevebis ganxorcieleba Tanasworad. saqmian praqti-kaSi am princips ewodeba `sufTa xelebis doqtrina~.

In personam [in personam] _ piris sawinaaRmdegod.

In rem [in rem] _ raimes sawinaaRmdegod.

In status quo [in status kvo] _ axlandel mdgomareobaSi.

Inter alia [inter alia] _ samarTalSemoqmedeba; sxva-Ta Soris; sxva sakiTxebTan erTad.

In terrorem [in terorem _ teroris (SiSis) gamosaw-vevad. gamoiyeneba, rodesac kontraqtSi muqara igulis-xmeba. am SemTxvevaSi kont-raqti Zaladakargulad iTvleba.

Intra vires [intra vires] _ moqmedebaTa uflebamosi-lebis farglebSi.

Ipso facto [ifso faqto] _ TviT faqtis gamo.

Ipso jure [ifso iure] _ kanonis ZaliT, wevrobis ZaliT.

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In vino veritas [in vino veritaz] _ `RvinoSia WeSmariteba~; nasvami kaci ityvis simarTles.

J Jurisdictio [iurisdiqcio] _

sasamarTlo warmoeba, gans-jadoba, Zalaufleba, kom-petencia.

Jus [ius] _ kanoni, ufleba, sasamarTlo.

Jus gentium [ius gencium] _ `xalxTa ufleba~.

Jus civile [ius civile] _ moqalaqeTa samarTali.

Jus cogens [ius kogens] _ imperatiuli normebi.

Jus privatum [ius privatum] _ kerZo samarTali.

Jus publicum [ius publicum] _ sajaro samarTali.

Justa causa [iusta kauza] _ `marTlzomieri mizezi~; ri-same mflobelobis samar-Tlebrivi safuZveli.

Justitia [iusticia] _ iusticia.

Justitia fundamentum regni [iusticia fundamentum reg-ni] _ samarTlianoba qveynis safuZvelia.

K Know-how [ingl. nou-hau] _

sityvasityviT: `vici, rogor . . .~

L Legem brevem esse oportet

[legem brevem ese oportet] _ kanoni martivi unda iyos.

Lex [leqs] _ kanoni. Lex est ab aeterno [leqs est

ab eterno] _ kanoni mud-mivia.

Lex est, quod notamus [leqs est qvod notamus] _ kanonia is, rasac davakanonebT.

Lex mercatoria [leqs merka-toria] _ savaWro samar-Tali.

Lex generalis [leqs generalis] _ zogadi kanoni.

Lex non scripta [leqs non skripta] _ dauwereli kanoni.

Lex posterior derogat legi priori [leqs posterior derogat legi priori] _ momdevno kanoni auqmebs winas.

Lex specialis [leqs speci-alis] _ specialuri kanoni.

Lex semper certa [leqs semper certa] _ kanoni yovelTvis saimedoa.

Lex terrae [leqs tere] _ qveynis kanoni.

Lex valet in omnes [leqs valet in omnes] _ kanoni yovlisSemZlea.

L’ etat c’ est moi [frang. l’eta se mua] _ `saxelm-wifo _ es me var~ (lui XIV).

98

Libellus appellationis [libe-lus apelacionis] _ saape-lacio saCivari.

Littera scripta manet [littera skripta manet] _ `dawerili aso rCeba~; rac daiwereba, is samudamoa.

Loco citato [loko citato] _ moxsenebul, dasaxelebul adgilas (ixmareba samec-niero literaturaSi miTi-Tebis dros). Cveulebriv aRniSnaven asoebiT (L.c.).

M Magna est veritas et praevalebit

[magna est veritas et prevalebit] _ samarTlis Zala yvelafers aRemateba.

Manifestum non eget probatione [manifestum non eget proba-cione] _ cxads ar sWirdeba mtkiceba.

Made in . . . ingl. [meid in . . . ] _ damzadebulia ...Si (warwera saeqsporto saqo-nelze).

Mala file [mala file] _ upa-tiosnod, arakeTilsindisi-erad.

Momento mori [momento mori] _ gaxsovdeT sikv-dili. Modus vivendi [modus vivendi] _ cxovrebis wesi, cxovrebis saxe; arsebobis saSualeba.

Modus procedendi [modus procedendi] _ qcevis wesi.

Modus operandi [modus ope-randi] _ moqmedebis xerxi.

Mos legem regit [mos legem regit] _ Cveuleba marTavs kanons.

Mutatis mutandis [mutatis mutandis] _ aucilebeli SesworebiTa da cvlile-bebiT.

N Nemo dat quod non habet

[nemo dat quod non habet] _ aravis ar SeuZlia imis micema, rac ar gaaCnia.

Nemo judex in causa sua [nemo iudeqs in kauza sua] _ aravinaa msajuli Tavis saqmeSi.

Nihil probat, qui nimium probat [nihil probat, kvi nimium probat] _ arafers ar amtkicebs is, vinc Zalian bevrs amtkicebs.

Nolle prosequi [nolle pro-seqvi] _ nu aRZrav saqmes.

Non-compos mentis [non kompos mentis] _ Seurac-xadi.

Non licet [non licet] _ akrZalulia.

Noscitur a sociis [noskitur a sociis] _ orazrovani sity-vebis mniSvnelobis gageba mis irgvliv mdebare sit-yvebiT SeiZleba.

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Noste te ipsum [nosce te ifsum] _ Seican Tavi Seni (sokrate).

Nuda veritas [nuda veritas] _ udavo WeSmariteba.

Nulla poena sine lege [nula pena sine lege] _ ar arsebobs sasjeli kanonis gareSe (araviTari sasjeli kanonis gareSe).

Nulla potentia supra leges debet [nula potencia supra le-ges debet] _ kanonze Zala ar unda moqmedebdes.

Nulla regula sine exceptione [nula regula sine eqscep-cione] _ ar aris wesi gamonaklisis gareSe.

O Omne initium difficile est [omne

inicium difficile est] _ yovelgvari dawyeba Znelia.

Omnia praeclara rara [omnia preklara rara] _ yvela-feri mSvenieri iSviaTia.

Opinio juris [opinio iuris] _ iuridiuli Zala.

O, santa simplicitas! [o, santa simplicitas] _ o, wminda gulubryvilobav! (ian husis wamoZaxili, romelmac dai-naxa, rom erTi moxuci qali gulmodgined ukeTebda SeSas cecxls, romelzedac mas (huss) wvavdnen.

O tempora, o mores! [o tem-pora, o mores] _ `o droe-

bav, o, zne-Cveulebano!~ (ci-ceroni).

Otia dant vitia [ocia dant vicia] _ usaqmuroba badebs mankierebas.

P Pacta sunt servanda! [pakta

sunt servanda] _ xelSekru-lebebi unda Sesruldes!

Par se [per se] _ Tavis-Tavad, marto.

Pari passu [pari passu] _ Tanabrad; maT Soris gans-xvavebis gareSe.

Pendente life [pendente life] _ sasamarTlos pro-cesis msvlelobisas.

Per constituta [per konsti-tuta] _ kanonis Sesabamisad.

Per curiam [per kuriam] _ sasamarTlos mier.

Per procurationem [per prokuracionem] _ xelisuf-lebis ZaliT.

Persona grata [persona grata] _ dipl. sasurveli piri; kanonisaTvis xelSeu-xebeli piri.

Persona non grata [persona non grata] _ dipl. ara-sasurveli piri; saxelm-wifodan gaZevebuli piri.

Petitio [peticio] _ sarCeli, Txovna, koleqtiuri.

Prerogativa [prerogativa] _ upiratesoba.

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Presumptio juris [prezumfcio iuris] _ udanaSaulobis prezumfcia.

Pecunia non olet [pekunia non olet] _ `fuls suni ar udis~ (imperator vespasines (I s.) sityvebi, romlebic man warmoTqva, rodesac fuli iSova sapirfareSoebze ga-dasaxadis SemoRebiT).

Pereat mundus, fiat justitia [pereat mundus, fiat iusticia] _ qveyana rom daiqces, marTlmsajuleba unda Sesruldes.

Post factum [post faktum] _ mas Semdeg, rac ukve Ses-rulda, moxda rame.

Post scriptum [post skriptum] _ postskriptumi. minaweri teqstis bolos, xelmoweris Semdeg. Cveu-lebriv aRniSnaven asoebiT P.S.

Q Qui nimium probat, nihit

probat [kvi nimium probat, nihil probat] _ vinc metismetad amtkicebs, is verafers ver amtkicebs.

Qui scribit, bis legit [kvi skribit, bis legit] _ vinc iwers, orjer kiTxulobs.

Quot homines, tot sententiae [kvot homines, tot senten-cie] _ ramdeni adamiania, imdeni azria (terenciusi).

R Ratio legis [racio legis] _

kanonis arsi, mizezi. Repetitio est mater studiorum

[repeticio est mater stu-diorum] _ gameoreba codnis dedaa.

Res [res] _ sakiTxi, sagani. Respondeat superior [respon-

dat superior] _ maRla mdgomi iyos pasuxismgebeli.

Reus [reus] _ mopasuxe.

S

Salut populi suprema lex [salut populi suprena leqs] _ xalxis keTil-dReoba uzenaesi kanonia (ciceroni).

Sic! [sik] _ `ase~! `amgva-rad!~; weren frCxilebiT teqstSi im sityvis Semdeg, romelic avtors surs sagangebod gaxazos.

Sine legibus nulla est civitas, nam civitas legibus continentur [sine legibus nula est civitas, nam civitas legi-bus kontinentur] _ kanonis gareSe ar arsebobs saxel-mwifo, radgan Tavad saxel-mwifo kanonzea damyarebu-li.

Si vis pacem, para bellum [si vis pacem, para bellum] _ Tu gsurs mSvidoba, emzade omisaTvis.

101

Status [status] _ statusi, sazogadoebrivi mdgomareo-ba.

Status belli [status beli] _ omis mdgomareoba.

Status quo [status kvo] _ sagnebisa da movlenebis arsebuli mdgomareoba.

Stare decisis [stare decisis] _ wina gadawyvetilebebis mixedviT dadgena.

Suppresssio veri [supressio veri] _ simarTlis damalva.

T

Tabula rasa [tabula raza] _ `sufTa dafa~. xelovnuri. wminda.

Tacito consensu [tacito konsensu] _ usityvo Tanx-mobiT.

Tempora mutantur et nos mutamur in illis [tempora mutantur et nos mutamur in illis] _ droni icv-lebian da Cvenc vicvlebiT maTTan erTad.

Time is money [ingl. Taim iz mani] _ `dro fulia~ [amerikeli mecnierisa da sazogado moRvawis benjamin franklinis (1706-1790) afo-rizmi].

U Ubi lex, ibi poena [ubi, leqs, ibi poena] _ sadac kanonia, sasjelic iqvea. Ultra vires [ultra vires] _ umaRlesi Zalebi; `Zalebs gadaRma~. Urbi et orbi [urbi et orbi] _ mTeli msofliosaTvis, yve-lasaTvis.

V Veni, vidi, vici [veni, vidi, vici] _ `movedi, vnaxe, vZlie~ [iulius keisris (100-44 ww. Zv. w.) sityvebi, romliTac man mimarTa senats pontos mefe farnakze gamarjvebis Semdeg]. Vente [vente] _ gadabrune (furceli)! (weren gverdis boloSi da niSnavs: `gag-rZeleba ixile meore gver-dze~). Veritas [veritas] _ WeSmari-teba. Veto [veto] _ vkrZalav! Vivere militare est [vivere militare est] _ cxovreba brZolaa. Vis legis [vis legis] _ kanonis Zala. Vim vi repellere licet [vim vi repelere licet] _ Zala ZaliT unda moigerio.

102

gamoyenebuli literatura

ekonomikis enciklopediuri leqsikoni. saq. mecn. akad. wevr-korespondentis avTandil silagaZis saerTo redaqciiT. Tsu-s gamomcemloba. sagamomcemlo saxli `inovacia~. Tb., 2005.

inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni. Semdgeneli prof. s. jorbenaZe. Tb., 1998.

socialur da politikur terminTa leqsikoni-cnobari. socialur mecnierebaTa centri. Tb., 2004.

qarTul-inglisur-rusuli ganmartebiTi leqsikoni. enciklo-pediur-terminologiuri cnobari. prof. i. mesxias da prof. al. Rlontis redaqciiT. Tb., 1999.

qarTuli diplomatiuri leqsikoni. 2 tomad. Tb., `Tsu~, 1997-1999.

qolini piter. inglisur-qarTuli iuridiuli ganmartebiTi leqsikoni. me-2 qarTuli Casworebuli da Sevsebuli gamocema. revaz berulavas gamomcemloba `iberTed-presi~. Tb., 2004.

yamarauli s. universaluri biznes-leqsikoni. Tb., 2002. SuSanaSvili al. iuridiuli leqsikoni. Tb., 2000. SixaSvili g., xvinTeliani b. menejmentis leqsikoni. Tb., 2005. wulaia d. inglisur-qarTuli iuridiuli leqsikoni. Tb., 2005. WabaSvili m. ucxo sityvaTa leqsikoni. Tb., 1989. xmalaZe g., xmalaZe n. sabirJo terminologiis ganmartebiTi

leqsikoni. Tb., 1999. Большая экономическая энциклопедия. Самое полное современное издание.

М., «Эксмо». 2007. Бернар И., Колли Ж.-К. Толковый экономический и финансовый словарь:

французская, русская, английская, немецкая, испанская терминология: В 2-х тт. М., 1997-1999. Longman Business English Dictionary. Sufflk, England, 2001. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Gurrent Englich. Seven edition. Oxford,

University press. New For, 2003.

ibeWdeba avtoris mier warmodgenili saxiT

gadaeca warmoebas 11.12.2008. xelmowerilia dasabeWdad

25.12.2008. qaRaldis zoma 60X84 1/16. pirobiTi nabeWdi Tabaxi 6.

tiraJi 100 egz.

sagamomcemlo saxli `teqnikuri universiteti~, Tbilisi,

kostavas 77