巧解任务型阅读 2015.3.11 立人 徐小英. 一、常见命题技法 10 招 1. 原文主动...
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Transcript of 巧解任务型阅读 2015.3.11 立人 徐小英. 一、常见命题技法 10 招 1. 原文主动...
巧解任务型阅读
2015.3.11
立人 徐小英
一、常见命题技法 10招
1. →原文主动 题目中被动
(1)原文 : You must be able to act what you are teaching.
题目 : Act what is being .
答案与解析 : taught。原文是“教什么” , 题目中则说“什么被教”。
(2) 原文 : Another common misunderstanding is that our
genetics, our environment, or a combination of the two
determines how happy we are.
题目 : It is also misunderstood that how happy we are
is by our genetics, environment or a combination of
the two.
答案与解析 : decided/determined 。原文和题目一个是主动 ,
一个是被动。
2. →原文被动 题目中主动
(1)原文 : Skin color is also affected by vitamin D.
题目 : Vitamin D is another source which skin color.
答案与解析 : affects。注意此处的主谓一致。
(2) 原文 : The chances of infections can be reduced through
breastfeeding.
题目 : Breastfeeding the chances of infections in the
first hours of life.
答案与解析 : reduces。注意此句的主谓一致。
3. →原文动词 题目中名词(1) 原文 : In a more obvious way, communication involves
others in the sense that a competent communicator considers
what the other person needs and expects when selecting
messages to share.
题目 : Needs and of others should be considered.
答案与解析 : expectations。原文是主动 (考虑他人的需求和期望 ), 而题目中则变为被动 (他人的需求和期望应该被考虑 ),
所 以此处应用原句中动词 expect 的名词形式 , 即expectations。
(2) 原文 : Many birds migrate twice a year between their
summer homes and winter homes.
题目 : One piece of evidence is the of many birds
between their summer homes and winter homes.
答案与解析 : migration。原文许多鸟一年迁徙两次 , 而题目中空格前有 the, 说明要填名词形式 , 故migration正确。
4. →原文名词 题目中动词(1) 原文 : Thirdly, always work together, take turns, and
encourage each other by listening, clarifying, and trusting one
another. Mutual support and trust often make a great
difference.
题目 : and trust each other.
答案与解析 : Support/Encourage。原文说“相互扶持和相互信任经常会产生很大的影响” , 而题目中则用祈使句形式 , 所以填动词原形。
(2) 原文 : In addition to information, the Internet also offers
one of the greatest inventions in communication: electronic
mail, or e-mail for short.
题目 : The Internet enables us to in a new way.
答案与解析 : communicate原文说“因特网也为我们提供了交流方面最伟大的发明之一——电子邮件” , 换句话说 , 因特网使我们能够以一种新的方式进行交流 , to为不定式 , 后接动词原形 , 故 communicate正确。
(3)原文 : After you’ve completed a task with your team, make
an evaluation of the team’s effectiveness—the strengths and
weaknesses, opportunities and challenges.
题目 : effectiveness.
答案与解析 : Evaluate。原文说“在你与你的团队完成一项任务后 , 对团队的效率进行评估” , 原文用了 make an
evaluation of the team’s effectiveness, 而 题目 中 则 转换成“ Evaluate effectiveness”。
5. →原文形容词 题目中名词
(1)原文 : . . . be responsible for your own learning. . .
题目 : Take for one’s own learning.
答 案 与 解 析 : responsibility 。 be responsible for=take
responsibility for。
(2)原文 : Inspiration is very important to creativity.
题目 : Inspiration is of great to creativity.
答案与解析 : importance/significance。 be very important/
significant to =be of importance/significance to。
6. →原文形容词 题目中副词
原文 : Take an active part in the discussion.
题目 : Speak in group discussion.
答案与解析 : actively。原文说“积极参加讨论” , 题目中则说“在小组讨论中要积极说话”。
7. →原文非谓语动词 题目中谓语动词
原文 : A format for exchanging information(e. g. , photocopies
of notes, oral discussion, etc. )is also important, . . .
题目 : your information with others via proper
format.
答案与解析 : Exchange/Share 。原文中是非谓语形式exchanging, 而题目中则是祈使句 , 用动词原形。
8. →原文谓语动词 题目中非谓语动词
原文 : Creativity can be released by discovery.
题目 : Ways to
答案与解析 : release。此处 to release为不定式修饰Ways。
9. 用新词转换表达原文意思
(1) 原文 : You are encouraged to keep records of the sources
used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin
of the problems that may happen unexpectedly.
题目 : Keep records of the sources just in .
答案与解析 : case 。 in case( 以防万一 ) 与原文 which helps
you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen
unexpectedly意思相同。
(2)原文 : We are continually picking up meanings from others’
behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have
communicative value for them.
题目 : We are constantly meanings by what we do.
答案与解析 : conveying/expressing。原文说“我们经常可以从他人的行为中领会不同的意思” , 这与题目中“我们经常通过我们的行为来表达不同的意思”句意相同。
(3) 原文 : Actually the idea of the living compass came just
from observing animals in nature.
题目 : on the idea above, the navigating compass was
invented.
答案与解析 : Based。航海指南针 (罗盘 )的发明是基于上述想法的。
10. 表格左侧的词高度概括表格右侧的内容(1) 原文 : Here are some more suggestions for effective team
performance during these activities.
题目 :
(74)
·Understand and agree to the(75) task of
one’s own.
·Take turns doing various tasks.
·Show concern for others to ensure safety.
·Take(76) for one’s own learning.
·Compare your own observations with those of
others.
答案与解析 : 左侧的 74题应填 Suggestions。可从原文找到。
(2) 原文 : Educating women also has a significant impact on
health practices, including family planning.
题目 :
答案与解析 : Conclusion。根据文章 , 作者在最后对全文下了结论。
________
Educating girls in developing countries is
important and rewarding.
• practice
——二、解题高招 四读一注意1. 略读 : 快速浏览全文 , 了解文章中心大意并理清文章的结构。2. 扫读 : 扫读图表 , 弄清文章结构及脉络。3. 细读 : 带着图表中的信息提示 , 在文中定位信息原始出处 ,
然后判断所填词的类型 , 通过查找、转换或概括准确表达相关信息。
4. 复读 : 复读全文 , 并检查答案的正确性。注意所填的词形和大小写是否符合要求。要利用表格或图表横向、纵向的类别规律和表达方式。5. 注意书写的规范性。由于任务型阅读是主观性题型 , 所以考生在书写答案时一定要认真规范 , 切不可字迹潦草或大小写不分。像字母 a, u; e, l, t; v, r等小写极易混淆的字母一定要刻意写准。一些像 c, k, o, p, s, u, v, w, x, z等大小写一样的字母若大写时 , 可略微夸张一些。
以下附《江苏省英语科考试说明》常见词性转换① →动词 名词
A
accompany→company achieve→achievement
acquire→acquisition adapt→adaptation
add→addition adjust→adjustment
admit→admission admire→admiration
advertise→advertisement advise→advice
affect→affection agree→agreement
amuse→amusement analyse→analysis
apologize→apology appear→appearance
apply→application appoint→appointment
appreciate→appreciation approve→approval
argue→argument arrange→arrangement
arrive→arrival assess→assessment
assist→assistance associate→association
assume→assumption astonish→astonishment
attend→attendance attract→attraction
B
bathe→bath bear→birth
behave→behaviour believe→belief
bleed→blood breathe→breath
build→building
C
celebrate→celebration choose→choice
collect→collection commit→commitment
communicate→communication
compete→competition complain→complaint
concentrate→concentration
conclude→conclusion confuse→confusion
congratulate→congratulation
connect→connection consider→consideration
construct→construction consult→consultation
contain→container contribute→contribution
correct→correction count→counter
create→creation criticize→criticism
D
decide→decision decorate→decoration
defend→defense deliver→delivery
describe→description destroy→destruction
determine→determination develop→development
devote→devotion dictate→dictation
differ→difference direct→direction
disappear→disappearance disagree→disagreement
discover→discovery discuss→discussion
distinguish→distinction distribute→distribution
divide→division donate→donation
E
educate→education elect→election
embarrass→embarrassment
emphasize→emphasis employ→employment
encourage→encouragement
enquire→enquiry enter→entrance
entertain→entertainment equip→equipment
examine→examination excite→excitement
exhibit→exhibition exist→existence
expand→expansion expect→expectation
explain→explanation explore→exploration
expose→exposure express→expression
extend→extension
F
fail→failure feel→feeling
fly→flight free→freedom
G
govern→government graduate→graduation
greet→greeting grow→growth
guide→guidance
H
hesitate→hesitation
I
identify→identification ignore→ignorance
illustrate→illustration impress→impression
inform→information injure→injury
inspect→inspection instruct→instruction
insure→insurance intend→intention
interrupt→interruption introduce→introduction
invent→invention invite→invitation
J
judge→judgement
K
know→knowledge
L
laugh→laughter liberate→liberation
locate→location lose→loss
M
marry→marriage mean→meaning
meet→meeting mix→mixture
motivate→motivation move→movement
O
occupy→occupation open→opening
operate→operation
organize/organise→organization/organisation
own→ownership
P
pack→package paint→painting
permit→permission please→pleasure
pollute→pollution possess→possession
produce→production prefer→preference
prepare→preparation present→presentation
press→pressure pronounce→pronunciation
protect→protection punish→punishment
Q
qualify→qualification
R
receive→reception refer→reference
regulate→regulation require→requirement
reserve→reservation review→revision
S
satisfy→satisfaction separate→separation
serve→service settle→settlement
sign→signature simplify→simplification
solve→solution speak→speech
spell→spelling starve→starvation
state→statement strengthen→strength
succeed→success suffer→suffering
suggest→suggestion summarize→summary
survive→survival
T
tend→tendency threaten→threat
tolerate→tolerance train→training
transform→transformation
translate→translation treat→treatment
turn→turning
U
unite→union
V
violate→violation
W
warn→warning weight→weight
② →形容词 名词
A
able→ability absent→absence
academic→academy accessible→access
accurate→accuracy agricultural→agriculture
anxious→anxiety athletic→athlete
attractive→attraction
B
beautiful→beauty beneficial→benefit
brave→bravery
C
cautious→caution central→centre
challenging→challenge cheerful→cheer
chemical→chemistry cloudy→cloud
comfortable→comfort convenient→convenience
D
dangerous→danger dark→darkness
dead→death definite→definition
delighted→delight disabled→disability
dusty→dust
E
economic→economy electrical→electricity
emotional→emotion energetic→energy
equal→equality evident→evidence
F
facial→face fantastic→fantasy
financial→finance foggy→fog
fortunate→fortune free→freedom
friendly→friendliness funny→fun
H
happy→happiness harmonious→harmony
healthy→health high→height
humorous→humor hungry→hunger
I
independent→independence
J
just→justice
K
kind→kindness
L
long→length
M
major→majority merciful→mercy
N
national→nation
O
optional→option
P
painful→pain patient→patience
peaceful→peace personal→personality
physical→physics poisonous→poison
political→politics poor→poverty
practical→practice proud→pride
R
racial→race reasonable→reason
religious→religion
S
selfish→self sensitive→sense
skillful→skill social→society
sorry→sorrow southern→south
spiritual→spirit strong→strength
systematic→system
T
tasty→taste technical→technology
terrible→terror theoretical→theory
traditional→tradition true→truth
U
universal→universe
V
valuable→value various→variety
violent→violence voluntary→volunteer
W
warm→warmth weak→weakness
wealthy→wealth weekly→week
wide→width wise→wisdom
woolen→wool
Y
young→youth
Thanks for your attention!