© 2011 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved.1-1 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Engineering...

© 2011 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved. 1-1

CHAPTER 1Introduction to Engineering Profession

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Engineering – An Exciting Profession

• Introduction to engineering profession

• Preparing for an engineering career

• Introduction to engineering design

• Engineering communication

• Engineering Ethics

© 2011 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved.© 2011 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved.

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Outline

In this chapter we will

•Describe why engineering is an exciting profession

•Describe the common traits of good engineers and what engineers do

•Introduce various disciplines in engineering

•Explain what we mean by ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology) accredited engineering and engineering technology programs

•Explain why we need to become PE (professional engineer)


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Objectives

The objectives of this chapter are to

• Introduce the engineering profession and its various branches

• Provide some answers toDo I really want to study engineering?What is engineering and what do engineers do?What are some of the areas of specialization in

engineering?Which disciplinary area of engineering do I want to

pursue?How will I know that I have picked the best field for me?Will the demand for my area of specialization be high

when I graduate, and beyond that?


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Civil others

Aerospace Nuclear

Material Science

Agricultural

Industrial

Mechanical

Chemical

Electrical

Engineering Work Is All Around You


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Engineering Work Is All Around Us

Engineers make products and provide services that make our lives better

Example of products and services designed by engineers


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Engineers Deal with an Increasing World Population

Projection of world population growth

Estimate of U.S. elderly population growth


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Engineers Deal with an Increasing World Population

• Why is the population growth relevant to us?

As new engineering graduates in a few years, you will design products and provide services especially suited to the needs and demand of an increasing elderly population


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What Do Engineers Do?

Engineers apply physical and chemical laws and principles and mathematics to design million of products and services that we use in our everyday lives


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• Engineers consider factors such as cost, efficiency, sustainability, reliability, and safety in their designs

• Engineers perform tests to ensure their designs can withstand the loads and conditions prescribed

• Engineers continue to seek ways to improve existing products and services

• Engineers continue to develop new, advanced materials to make products lighter and stronger for different applications


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• Engineers design, maintain, and supervise construction of buildings, dams, bridges, highways, power plants, and other components of our infrastructure system

• Engineers are responsible for extracting petroleum, natural gas, and other materials from earth

• Engineers are responsible for the production and the processing of crops, fruit, vegetable, and food


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Traits of Successful Engineers

Engineers

•are problem solvers

•have firm grasp of fundamental principles of engineering

•are analytical, detailed oriented, and creative

•have desire to be lifelong learners

•have ability to work outside their area of specialization in other related fields


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Traits of Successful Engineers

Good Engineers

• have good communication and time management skills

• have good “people skills”

• are good team player

• have ability to use modern tools to solve various engineering problems or to solve problems in various ways

• are active in the profession and community


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Distribution of Employment by Disciplines


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Average Starting Salary for Engineers

(2009)


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Areas of Engineering Disciplines and Their Corresponding Organizations

to learn more about what engineers do……….

Chemical Engineering Mechanical Engineering

Manufacturing Engineering

Civil Engineering

Electrical & Electronic Engineering


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ABET Accreditation

• ABET stands for Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology

• ABET is the only organization in U.S. that can accredit engineering and technology programs

• ABET examines the credentials of the engineering program’s faculty, curricular content, facilities, and admission and graduation standards before granting accreditation


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ABET Accreditation

• Many states require engineers to be graduates of an ABET accredited engineering program before they are eligible to take the Professional Engineer (PE) exam

• Visit your state’s licensing board to learn about their engineering licensing requirements

• Visit http://www.abet.org to see the list of all accredited programs and learn more about ABET


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ABET Accreditation

ABET accredited engineering programs must demonstrate that their graduates have

•Ability to apply knowledge of math, science, and engineering

•Ability to design & conduct experiments, as well as to analyze & interpret data

•Ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs


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•Ability to function on multidisciplinary teams

•Ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems

•Understanding of professional and ethical responsibility

•Ability to communicate effectively

ABET Accreditation (continued)


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•Broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global & societal context

•Recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in lifelong learning

•Knowledge of contemporary issues

•Ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice

ABET Accreditation (continued)


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Professional Engineer (PE)

• All 50 states and the District of Columbia require registration for engineers whose work may affect the safety of the public

• Requirements to become PE Have a degree from ABET accredited engineering

program (mandatory requirements by many states) Must pass the Fundamental of Engineering (FE) exam Must have 2 to 4 years of relevant engineering work

experience usually under the supervision of a PE Must pass the Principles and Practice of Engineering

(PE) exam


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What Do Civil Engineers Do?

Civil Engineers design and supervise, among others, the construction of roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, water supply, and water and wastewater treatment systems. Civil engineering is concerned with providing public infrastructure and services.


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What Do Civil Engineers Do? (continued)

A civil engineer at work


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What Do Electrical Engineers Do?

Electrical Engineers design, develop, test, and supervise the manufacturing of electrical equipment, including lighting and wiring for buildings, cars, buses, trains, ships, and aircraft; power generation and transmission equipment for utility companies; electric motors found in various products; control devices; and radar equipment.


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What Do Electrical Engineers Do? (continued)

An electrical engineer at work


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What Do Electronic Engineers Do?

Electronic Engineers design, develop, test, and supervise the production of electronic equipment, including computer hardware; computer network hardware; communication devices such as cellular phone, television, and audio and video equipment; as well as measuring instruments.


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What Do Mechanical Engineers Do?

Mechanical Engineers are involved in the design, development, testing, and manufacturing of machines, robots, tools, power generating equipment such as steam and gas turbines, heating, cooling, and refrigerating equipment, and internal combustion engines.


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What Do Aerospace Engineers Do?

Aerospace Engineers design, develop, test, and supervise the manufacture of commercial and military aircraft, helicopters, spacecraft, and missiles. They may work with projects dealing with research and development of guidance, navigation, and control systems.


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What Do Biomedical Engineers Do?

Biomedical Engineers apply the laws and the principles of chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering to design artificial limbs, organs, imaging systems, and devices used in medical procedures. They also perform research alongside of medical doctors, chemists, and biologists to better understand various aspects of biological systems and the human body.


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What Do Chemical Engineers Do?

Chemical Engineers use the principles of chemistry and basic engineering sciences to solve a variety of problems related to the production of chemicals and their use in various industries, including the pharmaceutical, electronic, and photographic industries.


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What Do Environmental Engineers Do?

Environmental Engineers apply the laws and principles of chemistry, biology, and engineering to address issues related to water and air pollution control, hazardous waste, waste disposal, and recycling. They also get involved with the development of local, national, and international environmental policies and regulations.


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What Do Manufacturing Engineers Do?

Manufacturing Engineers develop, coordinate, and supervise the process of manufacturing all types of products. They are concerned with making products efficiently and at minimum cost. They are involved in all aspects of production, including scheduling and materials handling and the design, development, supervision, and control of assembly lines.


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What Do Petroleum Engineers Do?

Petroleum Engineers specialize in the discovery and production of oil and natural gas. In collaboration with geologists, petroleum engineers search the world for underground oil or natural gas reservoirs. Petroleum engineers are also involved in monitoring and supervising drilling and oil extraction operation.


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What Do Nuclear Engineers Do?

Nuclear Engineers design, develop, monitor, and operate nuclear power equipment that drives its power from nuclear energy. They are involved in the design, development, and operation of nuclear power plants to generate electricity or to power Navy ships and submarines. They are also involved in the design and development of industrial and diagnostic medical equipment.


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What Do Mining Engineers Do?

Mining Engineers, in collaboration with geologists and metallurgical engineers, find, extract, and prepare coal for use by utility companies; they also look for metals and minerals to extract from the earth for use by various manufacturing industries. Mining engineers design and supervise the construction of aboveground and underground mines.


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What Do Materials Engineers Do?

Materials Engineers research, develop, and test new materials for various products and engineering applications. They manipulate the atomic and molecular structure of materials in order to create materials that are lighter, stronger, and more durable. They create materials with specific mechanical, electrical, magnetic, chemical, and heat-transfer properties such as graphite racquets and stealth military planes.


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To Become an Engineer

• Education – accredited program, BS and/or MS level

• Professional registration Fundamental of Engineering Exam Professional Engineering Exam

• Professional organizations

• Life-long learning


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Engineering Technology

• Scope of work is more application-oriented

• Requires less understanding of mathematics (up to integral and differential calculus), engineering theories, and scientific concepts that are used in complex designs.


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Engineering Technology (continued)

• Engineering technologists use the same principles of science, engineering, and mathematics to assist engineers in solving problems in manufacturing, construction, product development, inspection, maintenance, sales, and research.

• Engineering technologists assist engineers or scientists in setting up experiments, conducting tests, collecting data, and calculating some results.


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Engineering Technology Programs

• Usually offer same type of disciplines as engineering, for example

Civil engineering technology Electronic engineering technology Industrial engineering technology Mechanical engineering technology

• Graduate studies in engineering technology are limited

• Professional registration may be more difficult to obtain in some states


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Engineering Technology Accreditation

• Engineering technology programs are accredited by ABET

• B.S. degrees must have minimum of 124 semester hours or 186 quarter hours

• Associate degrees must have minimum of 64 semester hours or 96 quarter hours


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Engineering Technology Accreditation

• Each program must have five components: Communications Mathematics Physical and natural science Social science and humanities Technical content

Focused on applied side of science and engineering


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ABET Criteria for Engineering Technology Programs

An accredited engineering technology program must demonstrate that their students at the time of graduation have:

An appropriate mastery of the knowledge, techniques, skills, and modern tools of their disciplines

An ability to apply current knowledge and adapt to emerging applications of mathematics, science, engineering, and technology


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ABET Criteria for Engineering Technology Programs (continued)

An ability to conduct, analyze, and interpret experiments and apply experimental results to improve processes

An ability to apply creativity in the design of systems, components, or processes appropriate to program objectives

An ability to function effectively on teams An ability to identify, analyze, and solve

technical problems


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ABET Criteria for Engineering Technology Programs (continued)

An ability to communicate effectively A recognition of the need for, and an ability

to engage in lifelong learning An ability to understand professional,

ethical, and social responsibilities A respect for diversity and a knowledge of

contemporary professional, societal, and global issues

A commitment to quality, timeliness, and continuous improvement


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Summary

• You should have a good understanding of the significant role that engineers play in our everyday lives in providing water, food, shelter, and other essential needs.

• You should have a good idea of common traits and activities of good engineers.

• You should be familiar with the differences among various engineering disciplines.

• You should know about the need and the requirements to become a registered PE.


© 2011 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved.1-1 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Engineering...

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Transcript of © 2011 Cengage Learning Engineering. All Rights Reserved.1-1 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Engineering...