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Korea’s Strategic Roadmap of Technology and Industry
under Green Growth Paradigm
PresidentProf. June Seung Lee, Ph.D
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Green Growth and Green IndustryGreen Growth and Green IndustryI.I.
Current Situation and Investment Target Current Situation and Investment Target II.II.
Green Technology R&D RoadmapGreen Technology R&D RoadmapIII.III.
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Changes in Future Society and Need of Green Growth
Three trends threatening our future – Global Warming (Hot), Globalization & Growing Middle Class (Flat), and Population Growth (Crowded)
Combination of all these accelerates climate change and increases demand on natural resources and deepens energy polarization.
Need to respond resource crisis and environmental problems Need to respond resource crisis and environmental problems
Regulatory support for the efficient use of resources and minimization of environmental pollution.
Regulatory support for the efficient use of resources and minimization of environmental pollution.
Need to set a policy direction on GT R&D according to the environmental changes.
Need to set a policy direction on GT R&D according to the environmental changes.
ResponseResponse
FutureThreatFutureThreat
PreoccupancyPolicy
PreoccupancyPolicy
Industry-oriented economic growth reached a limit in terms of environment and economy.
Develop a new growth engine through GT and environmental regulation.
Future-oriented low-carbon green growth was presented as a new national vision to overcome resource crisis such as high oil price and climate change. (President Lee Myungbak, in his Liberation Day speech)
I. Green Growth and Green Technology
Green growth is not an option but a must; However, Korea is facing a long way ahead.
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‘Greenization’ of industries to be accelerated
- High efficient, low pollution vehicles (Hybrid, Electric, H2, etc.) : 0.7% in 2007 → 31.4% by 2020 - Rechargeable Battery (Li-ion, Redox flow) : 30.5% in 2007 → 63.0% by 2020
Global market to show an annual growth rate of 10.2% - 1.5 trillion in 2007 → 5.7 trillion by 2020
Domestic market to show an annual growth rate of 13.2% - 37 billion in 2007 → 230 billion by 2020
Global Market
High Eff., Low Poll., Vehicles
Rechargeable Battery
’07
0.7%
30.5%24.3%
47%31.4%
63%
Domestic Market
’07 ’12 ’20
(Tri. Dollar)
3
6
1
’20’12
Market Outlook of Green Industry I. Green Growth and Green Technology
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Traditional GT : new & renewable energy, high energy efficiency technology, environmental technology, climate change adaptation technology.
Technet : Bipartisan policy network of USA
Concept of Green Technology
Traditional GT refers to eco-friendly resource technology such as renewable energy, clean energy, etc. (Technet, 07)
The concept of GT has expanded to include technological trends that support environmental sustainability and economic growth together.
Fusion GT refers to low carbon, eco-friendly technology that drives low carbon green growth through making a synergetic fusion between IT·BT·NT, etc and between these new technologies and existing products & industries.
I. Green Growth and Green Technology
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Making the best of what Korea is doing well such as IT,BT,NT to the development of fusion GT, and being able to overcome the limitations of existing technology and creating new markets.
Expansion to Fusion Green Technolgy
Technology
Industry
Overcoming limitations of
existing technology
Overcoming limitations of
existing technology
Traditional Green Technology &
Industry
Traditional Green Technology &
Industry
Enhancement of existing industry
Enhancement of existing industry
Creation of New Industry &
Employment
Creation of New Industry &
Employment
Drawing fusion technological characteristics, creative and innovative, out of
traditional green technologies which focus only on individual purpose,
function and use.
Drawing fusion technological characteristics, creative and innovative, out of
traditional green technologies which focus only on individual purpose,
function and use.
Replacing existing technology with alternative ones, for example, production & storage of hydrogen using bio-mass & sunlight.
Creating New fields via cutting-edge fusion technology like electrical power IT, new energy, etc.
I. Green Growth and Green Technology
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Pending Issues Roles of GT
Emerging low carbon green industry
Market for carbon emission reduction and green industry
expected to grow to 3 trillion won by 1220.
Green Technology Race to be more competitive among
advanced countries like the U.S., Japan and EU.
Shifting to low carbon industries via greenization of industry & space and zero-emission technologies. (Intelligent transportation & logistics, city revitalization, and virtual reality)
Worsening Energy Problems
Fossil fuel running out, Korea importing 97% of its energy.
Energy consumption per capita increases 5.8% per annum.
Improving Energy Independence by energy source and energy efficiency technologies.(Solar cell, atomic power, lighting LED, Intelligent grid(electrical power IT))
Adapting to Changes by Disturbed Ecosystem
The average temperature of Korea rose about 1.5% over
the last 100 years, while the world gets 0.74 warmer. ℃As the average temperature of the world gets 2 higher, ℃
15~40% of flora and fauna disappear.
Protecting ecosystem by preemptive investment into environmental protection technology.(prediction of climate change, CCS, water quality management, control of toxic materials)
Roles of Green Technology I. Green Growth and Green Technology
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Green Competitiveness refers to the national competitiveness to realize green growth via low-carbon and green industry.
11th11th
8th8th
13th13th
Overall Green Overall Green Competitiveness Competitiveness
Low-Carbonization Low-Carbonization Index Index
Green Green IndustrializationIndustrialization
New, renewable energy application &
energy efficiency
Science & technology,
environmental management
WeaknessWeakness
StrengthStrength
Classification Japan Germany U.K. U.S.A. Korea OECD
- Green Competitiveness Index (Rank) 112.8 (1) 109.6 (3) 109.0 (4) 103.2 (7) 97.4 (11) 104.3
- Low-Carbonization Index (Rank) 114.0 (1) 105.2 (6) 108.3 (3) 101.4 (9) 88.2 (13) 104.3
- Green Industrialization (Rank) 110.9 (1) 110.8 (2) 108.5 (4) 103.8 (7) 102.3 (8) 103.8
※comparing with major 15 countries
Korea’s Green Competitiveness II. Current Situation & Investment Target
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Steady Increase of Green House Gas Emission
Inclination to Import New technology Rather than Develop One
Korea’s leading GT is around 60% of
that of advanced countriesRenewable energy (62%)atomic energy& nuclear fusion
(64%)Hydrogen & fuel cell (55%), etc.
Level of GT Lower than Advanced Countries
16th in the world for green house
gas emission 10th in the world for CO2 emission
Import Dependency: Solar Power 75%, Wind Power 99.6%
Need to Implement the GT Need to Implement the GT
Development Strategy in Development Strategy in
National ScaleNational Scale
Korea’s Overall Conditions II. Current Situation & Investment Target
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Resource circulation and environment purification technologies do not meet international standards.
Few information DB for the evaluation of environmental hazards.
Not enough response capacity to climate change and resource circulation system in regard to domestic circumstances.
Core original technology of solar cell not secured, and need to improve localization of manufacturing equipment for greater price competitiveness and to secure an economic scale of production.
Not enough preparation for commercialization and export, to preoccupy rapidly-growing new, renewable energy market.
Intelligent grid or electrical power IT needs governmental support to build a verification complex.
For IGCC, not enough infrastructure like plants and not enough incentives to attract power companies.
Insufficient verification, distribution & core original technology for enhancing energy efficiency
Levels of eco-friendly city and city revitalization technology are 20~50%,
so that technological competitiveness is in urgent need.
Need to introduce certification system and reinforcement of regulatory standard in order to
enhance the greenization of key industries.
Urgent need to enhance green competitiveness of key industries and acquire living-based technology.
Issues by Type of GT II. Current Situation & Investment Target
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Traditional GT R&D Fusion GT
MEST
MKE
MoE
MLTM
Mid & long-term, fundamental & original technology research and training; atomic energy & nuclear fusion research
Research on energy sources such as developing new & renewable energy and enhancing efficiency of electrical power; research on high efficiency green-tech.
Environmental green technology such as
reducing air pollution, improving water
quality and waste treatment.
Research on eco-friendly method of
construction and green technology in the
field of marine energy.
Base-type Fusion GTFundamental technology applicable to every field through the fusion between IT, BT and NT.
Mission-type Fusion GT
Technology to create added vale in the
industry and products specifically
connected to each ministry’s mission
through the fusion of IT, BT and NT.
Selection of major fields for FGT in close consultation with related ministries /
Implementation of R&D by the ministries according to their division of roles.
Governmental Implementation by Department II. Current Situation & Investment Target
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Plans to double the R&D investment on green technology by 2012.
R&D investment on green technology: from estimated 1 trillion won in
2008 to 2 trillion won by 2012. 7.3 trillion won over 5 years, which is annual growth rate of 19%.
Strategically Focus on fusion green technology.
Plans to double the R&D investment on green technology by 2012.
R&D investment on green technology: from estimated 1 trillion won in
2008 to 2 trillion won by 2012. 7.3 trillion won over 5 years, which is annual growth rate of 19%.
Strategically Focus on fusion green technology.
R&D Investment TargetR&D Investment Target
Investment Target of Green Technology
2007 2012
Total investment will be
more than doubled
“Green Technology includes IT, BT, NT, CT
and goes beyond all these combined.” (Pr. Lee Myung-bak, the Liberation Day speech)
II. Current Situation & Investment Target
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Area of Strategic Focus
• Efficiency
Prediction Technology
• Climate change prediction and evaluation
• Alternative energy
Alt. EnergyResource
Technology
High Efficiency Technology
Post-Process
Technology
• Environmental load reduction and recycle
Application Technology
• Knowledge based pollutant free industry
Prediction Production Consumption
III. Green Technology R&D Roadmap
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Picking Technologies of Strategic Focus
Eco-Friendly Products &
Process
Environmental Health
Environmental Recovery
Resource Circulation
Water Treatment
Pollution Prevention
Non-CO2
Control
Future Energy (Nuclear Fusion · atomic power), CO2 Absorbent
Information based pollution free industryInformation based pollution free industry Information based pollution free industryInformation based pollution free industry
Climate Change Climate Change TechnologyTechnology
Climate Change Climate Change TechnologyTechnology
Monitoring & Prediction of Climate ChangeImpact Evaluation and Countermeasures
Monitoring & Prediction of Climate ChangeImpact Evaluation and Countermeasures
Green Home
Green Car
Energy-saving Home
Applicances
High-capacity Generation
Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficiency
Bio Energy
Hydro Power
Maritime Energy
Geothermal Energy
Renewable EnergyRenewable Energy
CO2 Capture
& Storage
Gas To
Liquids
(GTL)
Green EnergyGreen Energy
Energy Storage
LED
Electric Power IT
Solar Power
Wind Power
Hydrogen & Fuel Cell
Coal Liquefaction &
Gasification
Basic Technology like IT, BT, NT & Other Industrial TechnologiesBasic Technology like IT, BT, NT & Other Industrial Technologies
Environmental TechnologyEnvironmental Technology
III. Green Technology R&D Roadmap
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To set investment direction in consideration of current investment scale, technologies and the timing of commercialization.
R&D investment on GT of strategic focus will be more than doubled by 1012 from 1.4 trillion won in 2008.
Short-term, intensive
investment
Technologies that require timely market entry by short-
term verification, distribution.→ silicon solar cell, advanced reactor, lighting LED, high-efficiency, low pollution vehicles (hybrid cars, etc.)
Mid-term,
intensive
investment
Technologies needed to get dominant position in the market for mid-term competitiveness.→ High efficiency low pollution vehicles (electric & fuel cell), virtual reality, green process, rechargeable battery, non-CO2 treatment, water quality management, alternative water resource, waste cut-down
Long-term,
intensive
investment
Technologies that needs to be nurtured as the world leading ones. → fast reactor, nuclear fusion reactor, hydrogen energy, fuel cell, eco-friendly plant growing, IGCC, urban revitalization, eco-friendly building, intelligent grid, CCS, toxic materials, prediction, evaluation & adaptation of climate change
Long-term,
Incremental
Investment
Fundamental and original technologies that must be acquired by steady investment. → non-silicon solar cell, bio energy, intelligent transportation & logistics
’08 ’12 ’20 ’30
’08 ’12 ’20 ’30
’08 ’12 ’20 ’30
’08 ’12 ’20 ’30
Investment Strategy for GT Development III. Green Technology R&D Roadmap
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Level of HR Required by Technological Area
Number of HR Required by Technological Area
How to Acquire GT Personnel
Demand on high quality HR are the highest in original & fundamental technology.
※High-Quality HR Ratio =
Masters & PhDs / Undergraduates + Masters & PhDs
R&D personnel in the 27 technologies of strategic focus will rise to 33,000 by 2012 from 20,000 in 2008.
Supply will be made with hiring about 7,000 unemployed people of related major and recruiting 14,000, and by re-educating 9,000 existing personnel and inviting 2,700 HR from abroad.
Job rotation of the existing personnel. - Qualitative more than quantitative recruitment is needed. (ex) green job rotation training
Offering special courses at graduate schools and GT basic track at undergraduate schools.
International projects to attract GT human resources from abroad.
High-quality HR Rate by Technology
Original & Fundamental
Verification & Distribution
Growth Engine
0.77
0.69
0.62
III. Green Technology R&D RoadmapGT-Related Human Resources
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Technology Concerned Regulation Merits
Intelligent Grid [Electric Power IT),
Rechargeable Battery
Real-time Energy Trade SystemChanges in consumption pattern, Cut-down of energy consumption
Installation of Energy Storage SystemVitalization of battery market,Stabilization of power supply
Eco-friendly BuildingReinforcing Standard for Energy Efficiency of Buildings
Acquiring state-of-the-art energy efficiency technology;More energy savings of buildings
High Efficiency, Low Pollution Vehicles
Restricting Carbon Emission from Cars No more trade barrier when exporting cars to Europe
Electric Cars Only Lanes for Short-distance Driving(120Km/h → 80Km/h)
Enable to expand consumer market for electric cars
Solar Cell, Bio Energy
Distribution System of Renewable Energy, strategically combining (FIT & RPS)
Expanding domestic market for renewable energy and boosting export
Reinforcing Standard for Renewable Products & Facilities
Increasing Reliability of the products & facilities
Green ProcessReinforcing Standard for Eco-friendly Production Design and Tax Break for Building the Facilities.
Development of plant industry and Low carbon industrial sites
III. Green Technology R&D RoadmapGT-related Regulatory Change
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LightingLED
To be a growth engine by 2012
Improving Efficiency of Lighting Devices for Home and Industry over 120lm/w from 80lm/w as of now.
Silicon Solar Cell
To be commercialized
early 2012
Completing the development of hetero-junction/ rear contact technology and high-efficiency, scalable module production technology. And raising energy conversion efficiency to around 16.5% from 15% as of now.
Hybrid
CarsTo be developed
by 2010
Completing the development of LPG hybrid cars with CO2 emission cut down by 30% and commercializing them by 2012.
Intelligent Grid
To be commercialized
by 2011
Completing the development of Smart Meter, Networking technology, distribution connection technology and commercializing Advanced Metering System by 2011.
Advanced Reactor
To be developed
by 2012
Completing the development of APR+ standard design technology, and starting to export OPR1000, APR1400, SMART, which have been already developed.
Fuel CellProducts to be out for an early entry
into the market no later than 2012
Completing the commercialization of 1kW PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells) for home use. And starting to commercialize products for portable/ mobile devices like notebook computers.
CO2 Capture
To be develped
by 2012
Completing the development of 200~1000MW CO2 capture plant for trial service and test. And reducing the capture cost to 10$/ CO2 ton by 2020 from 30$/CO2 ton of 2008.
7 Core Technology & Products to Be Developed or Commercialized by 2012
Challenges to Yield Results in Short Time III. Green Technology R&D Roadmap
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Securing World Class GT Ahead of Others.
- GT will grow from 51% in 2008 to 94% by 2030.
Sscience & Technology
Sscience & Technology
Drastic Cut-down of CO2 and Preservation of Environment
- Less CO2 emission thorough lessening dependency on fossil fuel and improving energy efficiency
EnvironmentEnvironment
Making GT Next Generation Growth Engine.- Soaring growth of domestic market and occupying the world market in advance.
EconomyEconomy
Technological Advancement
’08 ’12 ’20
51
8090(%)
Job Creation
’07 ’12 ’20
222
481
1,185(1000)
’07 ’12 ’20
0.6
1.5
4.1 (100bil. dollars)
Cutting down CO2
’07 ’12 ’20
1
47
129(1mil. CO2 ton)
Expected Effects III. Green Technology R&D Roadmap
Expanding Export & Domestic Market
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GT Is the Key to Adapt to Climate Change
’08 ’50’12 ’20 ’30
CO
2 em
issi
on
Silicon Solar Cell
Aadvanced Reactor
Bio Energy
Hydrogen Energy
Non-Silicon Solar CellFuel Cell
Fast Reactor
Nuclear Fusion ReactorLighting LED
Intelligent gridIGCC Green Process
Eco-friendly Building
High Efficiency, Low Pollution Vehicles Energy Sources
CO2 concentration would rise 44%('00~'50),(Balanced Development(A1B) Scenario(IPCC, ’07))
Highly Efficient & Clean
Non-CO2 Treatment
CCS
369ppm(’00) 454ppm(’30) 532ppm(’50)
Future Scenario of GT Development III. Green Technology R&D Roadmap
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Green growth, contributing to Korean and Beyond
Contribution to the International Community
Improvement of the Quality of life
NationalDevelopment