Post on 24-Feb-2016
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Women’s Progressive Reforms
Temperance, Suffrage, and Settlement Houses
Temperance• Temperance: moderation
or elimination of drinking alcohol–Aimed primarily at
laboring-class men–Believed alcohol was
responsible for a majority of the problems of the working class
• Extension of the settlement house movement
Temperance Becomes Prohibition
• Urging people to give up alcohol proved unpopular and difficult
• Began advocating local legislation banning alcohol but soon turned to national level
• Prohibition: ban on the sale and manufacture of alcohol– 18th Amendment passed
in 1919 (repealed in 1933)
Trivia: The Ku Klux Klan supported Prohibition!
The Right to Vote• Suffrage: the right to vote
– Belief that women’s vote would reform government
• Movement grew alongside abolition– Many of the same activists– Used skills learned in
abolition crusade• Intensified after 14th & 15th
Amendments passed– Argued that white women’s
votes would counter black men’s
• Worked longer for women’s suffrage than any other reform
Winning Suffrage• 1890: Formation of National
American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)
• Original strategy was to win state by state
• When U.S. entered World War I to make the world “safe for democracy,” it seemed a little odd for American women not to have the vote
• 1920: 19th Amendment passed
Trivia: Suffragists began the practice of protesting directly outside the White House.
Famous Suffragists
Susan B. Anthony
Elizabeth Cady
Stanton Carrie Chapman
Catt
Alice Paul
Settlement Houses• Community centers in
immigrant neighborhoods– English classes– Day care for working
mothers– Raise awareness of political
issues– Most had religious
sponsorship• Most famous was Hull
House in Chicago– Jane Addams
• Movement peaked around World War I
Why are these Progressive movements?Tempera
nce• Increased
government regulation
• Goal is to protect the people from themselves & one another
• Constitutional Amendment
Women’s Suffrage
• Increased people’s involvement in government
• Goal is to reform the electorate– Women purer,
more moral• Constitutional
Amendment
• Increased people’s involvement in government
• Goal is to make life better for working classes
• Reliance on experts
Settlement Houses