Post on 18-Sep-2020
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense
Nick Laws ResearchEngineer IntegratedApplicationsCenter
June13th2018 NAESCOTechnologyampFinancingWorkshop Milwaukee WI
WhenSolar+StorageMakesense CostsvsBenefitsCostsareeasy whataboutthebenefits
Financialbenefitscanbeachievedby
1Utilitybillreduction
-Peakshaving(demandchargereduction) -Time-shiftingPVproduction(energyarbitrage)
2Providingancillaryservices
3Meetingcriticalloadduringoutages
2
WhenSolar+StorageMakesense CostsvsBenefitsCostsareeasy whataboutthebenefits
Financialbenefitscanbeachievedby
1Utilitybillreduction
-Peakshaving(demandchargereduction) -Time-shiftingPVproduction(energyarbitrage)
2Providingancillaryservices
3Meetingcriticalloadduringoutages
Toaccomplishanyofthesethingswell oneneedscontrols (andideallygoodforecasts) 3
Master Planning
Economic Dispatch
Resiliency Analysis
REoptDecisionSupportthroughouttheEnergyPlanningProcess
bull Portfolio prioritization bull Technology types amp sizes bull Microgrid dispatch bull Cost to meet goals bull Optimal operating strategies bull Energy security evaluation
Cost-effective RE at Army bases Cost-optimal Operating Strategy Extending Resiliency with RE
REoptwebsite hYpsreoptnrelgov 4
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Net Zero Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Technologies Technology Mix Technology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpEx Net Present Value Dispatchable
Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
5
Net Zero
Technologies Technology MixTechnology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpExNet Present Value
6
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Dispatchable Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
Solar+Storagewithflatdemandcharges
Cost-optimaldemandtarget
7
Astepback
1 Efficiencymeasurescomefirst 2 Demandmanagement(dependsoncosttoimplement) 3 Solar+Storage
8
Abilitytoshiftloadaffectsstoragesizinganddispatch 3
025
Nodemand 2
TOUEnergyRate($kWh)
SmallerSolar+Storagesystem
EnergyRate($kWh)
EnergyRate($kWh)
kW
kWmanagement 020
1
015 0
Cost-optimaldispatches fromREopt
3 025
2With demand 020 management 1
015 0
Recommendedreading reference [4] 9
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
WhenSolar+StorageMakesense CostsvsBenefitsCostsareeasy whataboutthebenefits
Financialbenefitscanbeachievedby
1Utilitybillreduction
-Peakshaving(demandchargereduction) -Time-shiftingPVproduction(energyarbitrage)
2Providingancillaryservices
3Meetingcriticalloadduringoutages
2
WhenSolar+StorageMakesense CostsvsBenefitsCostsareeasy whataboutthebenefits
Financialbenefitscanbeachievedby
1Utilitybillreduction
-Peakshaving(demandchargereduction) -Time-shiftingPVproduction(energyarbitrage)
2Providingancillaryservices
3Meetingcriticalloadduringoutages
Toaccomplishanyofthesethingswell oneneedscontrols (andideallygoodforecasts) 3
Master Planning
Economic Dispatch
Resiliency Analysis
REoptDecisionSupportthroughouttheEnergyPlanningProcess
bull Portfolio prioritization bull Technology types amp sizes bull Microgrid dispatch bull Cost to meet goals bull Optimal operating strategies bull Energy security evaluation
Cost-effective RE at Army bases Cost-optimal Operating Strategy Extending Resiliency with RE
REoptwebsite hYpsreoptnrelgov 4
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Net Zero Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Technologies Technology Mix Technology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpEx Net Present Value Dispatchable
Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
5
Net Zero
Technologies Technology MixTechnology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpExNet Present Value
6
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Dispatchable Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
Solar+Storagewithflatdemandcharges
Cost-optimaldemandtarget
7
Astepback
1 Efficiencymeasurescomefirst 2 Demandmanagement(dependsoncosttoimplement) 3 Solar+Storage
8
Abilitytoshiftloadaffectsstoragesizinganddispatch 3
025
Nodemand 2
TOUEnergyRate($kWh)
SmallerSolar+Storagesystem
EnergyRate($kWh)
EnergyRate($kWh)
kW
kWmanagement 020
1
015 0
Cost-optimaldispatches fromREopt
3 025
2With demand 020 management 1
015 0
Recommendedreading reference [4] 9
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
WhenSolar+StorageMakesense CostsvsBenefitsCostsareeasy whataboutthebenefits
Financialbenefitscanbeachievedby
1Utilitybillreduction
-Peakshaving(demandchargereduction) -Time-shiftingPVproduction(energyarbitrage)
2Providingancillaryservices
3Meetingcriticalloadduringoutages
Toaccomplishanyofthesethingswell oneneedscontrols (andideallygoodforecasts) 3
Master Planning
Economic Dispatch
Resiliency Analysis
REoptDecisionSupportthroughouttheEnergyPlanningProcess
bull Portfolio prioritization bull Technology types amp sizes bull Microgrid dispatch bull Cost to meet goals bull Optimal operating strategies bull Energy security evaluation
Cost-effective RE at Army bases Cost-optimal Operating Strategy Extending Resiliency with RE
REoptwebsite hYpsreoptnrelgov 4
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Net Zero Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Technologies Technology Mix Technology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpEx Net Present Value Dispatchable
Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
5
Net Zero
Technologies Technology MixTechnology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpExNet Present Value
6
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Dispatchable Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
Solar+Storagewithflatdemandcharges
Cost-optimaldemandtarget
7
Astepback
1 Efficiencymeasurescomefirst 2 Demandmanagement(dependsoncosttoimplement) 3 Solar+Storage
8
Abilitytoshiftloadaffectsstoragesizinganddispatch 3
025
Nodemand 2
TOUEnergyRate($kWh)
SmallerSolar+Storagesystem
EnergyRate($kWh)
EnergyRate($kWh)
kW
kWmanagement 020
1
015 0
Cost-optimaldispatches fromREopt
3 025
2With demand 020 management 1
015 0
Recommendedreading reference [4] 9
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Master Planning
Economic Dispatch
Resiliency Analysis
REoptDecisionSupportthroughouttheEnergyPlanningProcess
bull Portfolio prioritization bull Technology types amp sizes bull Microgrid dispatch bull Cost to meet goals bull Optimal operating strategies bull Energy security evaluation
Cost-effective RE at Army bases Cost-optimal Operating Strategy Extending Resiliency with RE
REoptwebsite hYpsreoptnrelgov 4
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Net Zero Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Technologies Technology Mix Technology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpEx Net Present Value Dispatchable
Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
5
Net Zero
Technologies Technology MixTechnology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpExNet Present Value
6
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Dispatchable Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
Solar+Storagewithflatdemandcharges
Cost-optimaldemandtarget
7
Astepback
1 Efficiencymeasurescomefirst 2 Demandmanagement(dependsoncosttoimplement) 3 Solar+Storage
8
Abilitytoshiftloadaffectsstoragesizinganddispatch 3
025
Nodemand 2
TOUEnergyRate($kWh)
SmallerSolar+Storagesystem
EnergyRate($kWh)
EnergyRate($kWh)
kW
kWmanagement 020
1
015 0
Cost-optimaldispatches fromREopt
3 025
2With demand 020 management 1
015 0
Recommendedreading reference [4] 9
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Net Zero Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Technologies Technology Mix Technology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpEx Net Present Value Dispatchable
Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
5
Net Zero
Technologies Technology MixTechnology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpExNet Present Value
6
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Dispatchable Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
Solar+Storagewithflatdemandcharges
Cost-optimaldemandtarget
7
Astepback
1 Efficiencymeasurescomefirst 2 Demandmanagement(dependsoncosttoimplement) 3 Solar+Storage
8
Abilitytoshiftloadaffectsstoragesizinganddispatch 3
025
Nodemand 2
TOUEnergyRate($kWh)
SmallerSolar+Storagesystem
EnergyRate($kWh)
EnergyRate($kWh)
kW
kWmanagement 020
1
015 0
Cost-optimaldispatches fromREopt
3 025
2With demand 020 management 1
015 0
Recommendedreading reference [4] 9
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Net Zero
Technologies Technology MixTechnology Size
Project Economics CapEx OpExNet Present Value
6
Renewable Generation Solar PV Wind Biomass etc
Energy Storage Batteries Thermal storage Water tanks
Conventional Generation Electric Grid Fuel Supply Conventional Generators
Goals Minimize Cost
Resiliency
Economics Financial Parameters Technology Costs
Incentives
Utility Costs Energy Charges Demand Charges Escalation Rate
Operations Optimal Dispatch
REopt Energy Planning Platform Techno-economic Optimization
Energy Conservation Measures
Dispatchable Technologies Heating and Cooling Water Treatment
Solar+Storagewithflatdemandcharges
Cost-optimaldemandtarget
7
Astepback
1 Efficiencymeasurescomefirst 2 Demandmanagement(dependsoncosttoimplement) 3 Solar+Storage
8
Abilitytoshiftloadaffectsstoragesizinganddispatch 3
025
Nodemand 2
TOUEnergyRate($kWh)
SmallerSolar+Storagesystem
EnergyRate($kWh)
EnergyRate($kWh)
kW
kWmanagement 020
1
015 0
Cost-optimaldispatches fromREopt
3 025
2With demand 020 management 1
015 0
Recommendedreading reference [4] 9
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Solar+Storagewithflatdemandcharges
Cost-optimaldemandtarget
7
Astepback
1 Efficiencymeasurescomefirst 2 Demandmanagement(dependsoncosttoimplement) 3 Solar+Storage
8
Abilitytoshiftloadaffectsstoragesizinganddispatch 3
025
Nodemand 2
TOUEnergyRate($kWh)
SmallerSolar+Storagesystem
EnergyRate($kWh)
EnergyRate($kWh)
kW
kWmanagement 020
1
015 0
Cost-optimaldispatches fromREopt
3 025
2With demand 020 management 1
015 0
Recommendedreading reference [4] 9
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Astepback
1 Efficiencymeasurescomefirst 2 Demandmanagement(dependsoncosttoimplement) 3 Solar+Storage
8
Abilitytoshiftloadaffectsstoragesizinganddispatch 3
025
Nodemand 2
TOUEnergyRate($kWh)
SmallerSolar+Storagesystem
EnergyRate($kWh)
EnergyRate($kWh)
kW
kWmanagement 020
1
015 0
Cost-optimaldispatches fromREopt
3 025
2With demand 020 management 1
015 0
Recommendedreading reference [4] 9
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Abilitytoshiftloadaffectsstoragesizinganddispatch 3
025
Nodemand 2
TOUEnergyRate($kWh)
SmallerSolar+Storagesystem
EnergyRate($kWh)
EnergyRate($kWh)
kW
kWmanagement 020
1
015 0
Cost-optimaldispatches fromREopt
3 025
2With demand 020 management 1
015 0
Recommendedreading reference [4] 9
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
SunlampStudy
reference [1] 10
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
SunlampStudy
AllscenariosresultinginSolar+Storagehad
andor
reference [1] 11
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
12
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
TOUEnergy+DemandCharges
SunlampResultsRateStructurewhenS+Siseconomical
Everyscenariowithacost-optimalSolar+Storagesystemhadeither bull Demandcharges(TOUandorflat) bull TOU Energy rates bull orBoth
However notallscenarioswithdemandchargesandorTOU energyratesresultinS+Ssystems
62ofscenarioswithS+S 13
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
SunlampLoweringTechCosts Ascostslower Solar+Storageiseconomicalwithlesscomplexratestructures
LoweringTechCosts
72 62 58 47
14Solar+StoragescenarioswithTOUEnergy+DemandCharges
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
15
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Otherpotentialbenefits
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull Feed-inTariffsandNetEnergyMetering bull Resiliency
16
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction)
reference [2] 17
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Outage3 ($42k)
Energy45 ($666k)
Demand53 ($789k)BAU
Costs$1497k
$0
Am
ount
in T
hous
ands
($)
Optimal Solution PV 113 kWBattery 5 kW 6 kWh
Optimal Solution PV 134 kWBattery 32 kW 79 kWh
Resiliency Not Valued Resiliency Valued
CapEx OampM
Energy Savings Demand Charge Savings
Avoided Outage Costs
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
(excluding micro-grid hardware)
Benefits Costs Benefits Costs
NPV$29k
NPV$58k
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
ValueofResilience Balance costofsystem with
grid-connectedbenefits (billreduction) and
resiliency benefits
reference [2] 18
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Challenges
bull Controls bull Numerousactiveandproposedresearchactivities
bull Benefitsaredifficulttounderstandandquantify bull REoptLite designedtohelp
bull Resiliency bull Microgridscanbeexpensive bull Difficulttodeterminevalueoflostload bull Difficulttomonetizeresilience
Recommendedreadingreference[7] 19
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
ChallengesControls Whatchargesthebatterymatters
reference [3] 20
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
ChallengesControls DispatchingandIslanding
21
ExcessPV
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
ChallengesUnderstandingandQuantifyingBenefits
developernrelgovdocsenergy-optimizationreopt-v1
reoptnrelgovtool
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
NewResilienceCapabilitiesreleasedJune2018
system designed to survive 24 hour outagehas negativeNPV
accountingforAvoidedOutageCosts canmakeprojectNPVpositive
23
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Summary
WhenSolar+StorageMakeSense bull Grid-connectedbenefitsfromtariffwithdemandchargesandortime-of-useenergycharges
bull Ancillaryservicemarkets bull ValueofResilience
Hurdles bull Controlsystems bull Difficulttoquantifybenefits especiallytoplaceavalueonresilience
24
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Thankyou
wwwnrelgov
NRELPR-7A40-71813
NRELisanationallaboratoryoftheUSDepartmentofEnergyOfficeofEnergyEfficiency andRenewableEnergyoperatedbytheAllianceforSustainableEnergyLLC
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
References httpsopeneiorgwikiSolar+Storagereoptnrelgov
[1] Joyce McLaren Kate Anderson Nick Laws Pieter Gagnon Nicholas DiOrio Xiangkun LiIdentifying Critical Factors in the Cost-effectiveness of Solar and Battery Storage in Commercial BuildingsNRELPR-6A20-70813 February 2018
[2] Nicholas D Laws Kate Anderson Nicholas A DiOrio Xiangkun Li Joyce McLarenImpacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildingsRenewable Energy Volume 127 2018 Pages 896-909 httpsdoiorg101016jrenene201805011
[3] Emma Elgqvist Kate Anderson and Edward Settle Federal Tax Incentives for Energy Storage SystemsNRELFS-7A40-70384 January 2018
[4] Eric OShaughnessy Dylan Cutler Kristen Ardani Robert MargolisSolar plus Optimization of distributed solar PV through battery storage and dispatchable load in residential buildingsApplied Energy Volume 213 2018 httpsdoiorg101016japenergy201712118
[5] Kate Anderson Dylan Cutler Nick DiOrio Emma Elgqvist Nick Laws Dan Olis Andy WalkerOptimizing Storage and Renewable Energy Systems with REoptNRELPO-7A40-70333 December 2017
[6] Otto VanGeet Emma ElgqvistCampus Energy Approach REopt Overview and Solar for UniversitiesNRELPR-7A40-70252 October 2017
[7] Kate Anderson Nicholas D Laws Spencer Marr Lars Lisell Tony Jimenez Tria Case Xiangkun Li Dag Lohmann Dylan CutlerQuantifying and Monetizing Renewable Energy Resiliency Sustainability 10(4) 933 2018 httpsdoiorg103390su10040933
26
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27
Disclaimer
ThisworkwasauthoredbytheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory operatedbyAllianceforSustainableEnergy LLC fortheUSDepartmentofEnergy (DOE)underContractNoDE-AC36-08GO28308Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Federal Energy Management Program by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office and by the Clean Energy Group Theviewsexpressedinthearticle donotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheDOEortheUSGovernmentTheUS Governmentretainsandthepublisher byacceptingthearticleforpublication acknowledgesthattheUSGovernmentretainsanonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwidelicensetopublishorreproducethepublishedformofthiswork orallow otherstodoso forUSGovernmentpurposes
27