WEBINAR: RE-INVENTING MONITORING, REVOLUTIONIZING O&M · • Can arise by partly shaded pv modules...

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WEBINAR: RE-INVENTING MONITORING, REVOLUTIONIZING O&MMAY 18, 2016 - IN COOPERATION WITH:

SOLAR SOLUTIONS PV GMBH | PV MAGAZINE

EN

TAKING A LOOK INTO THE DARK ROOM

TAKING A LOOK INTO THE DARK ROOM

Joint analysis by PV Magazine, TÜV Rheinland and Baywa r.e. (06/2015): desired module improvements in relation to issues in rooftop installations

Efficiency

Performance over module lifetime

Fire resistance

PID

Hotspot67 %

37 %

48 %

28 %

55 %

No improvement needed7 %

WHY MEASURING AT ALL?

PV yield decreases as a consequence of Hotspots and PID

© www.photovoltaikbuero.de © www.gutachten.streib.de

© ADLER Solar Services GmbH / pv magazine

WHY MEASURING AT ALL?

HOTSPOTS – REASONS

• Can arise by partly shaded pv modules

• Hotspot-endangered are solar cells that are partly or completely shaded

• The power of a solar cell decreases proportionately to the share ofthe shaded area of the cell.

© www.photovoltaikbuero.de © www.photovoltaikbuero.de

WHY MEASURING AT ALL?

HOTSPOTS – CONSEQUENCES

• Can be cell and module destruction

• Can be fire and destruction of the complete plant

Safety by integration of bypass diodes

© www.solargutachter-prinz.de © www.photovoltaik-forum.com © www.photovoltaikbuero.dePartially shaded cell

WHY MEASURING AT ALL?

HOTSPOTS – POSSIBLE DEFECT OF BYPASS DIODES

Bypass-diode is short-circuited:

If defective diodes are not detected instantly: significant yield losses!

Bypass-diode no longer conducts:

Solar cells of that cell string are not longer protectedagainst hotsopts

If diode failure is not detected instantly: threat ofmodule destruction / fire!

WHY MEASURING AT ALL?

HOTSPOTS – DETECTION OPTIONS

By signature of the module voltage:

Bypass diode is short-circuited

Module voltage is reducedpermanently:

Bypass diode no longer conducts

Bypass-Diode activated!

- 33 %

by 33 % 1 bypass-diode short-circuitedby 66 % 2 bypass-diodesby 100 % all 3 bypass-diodes

WHY MEASURING AT ALL?

PID – POTENTIAL-INDUCED DEGRADATION

Example of PID in a string of 20 modules:

• Modules nr. 10-20: PSTC = 235-245 Wp• Modules nr. 01-09: PSTC = 33-218 Wp

Influence of the position of the module within the string is evident!

© ADLER Solar Services GmbH / pv magazine

WHAT HAPPENS IN THE PV PLANT ? THE BLACK BOX

PVPLANT

Monitoring can help you gather useful data concerning thefunctionment of your PV plant.

However…Do we really know what are the problems due to?

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THE CURRENT MONITORING SOLUTIONS

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Module-level GridInverter-levelString-level

Without monitoring it is not possible to make any assumption as ofthe reason behind the loss in performance and investment!

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Module-level GridInverter-levelString-level

THE CURRENT MONITORING SOLUTIONS

About 90% of all plants are monitored solely at inverter level.

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Module-level GridInverter-levelString-level

THE CURRENT MONITORING SOLUTIONS

About 10% of all plants are monitored at the string level.

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Module-level GridInverter-levelString-level

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THE CURRENT MONITORING SOLUTIONS

Only precise module monitoring provides 100% transparency on the plant

LIGHT AT THE END OF THE TUNNEL

AEG SOLARMODULE WITH INTEGRATED IMM-TECHNOLOGY

IMM: Individual Module Monitoring

Monitoring at module level–integrated in the junction box of AEG PV-modules

IMM Sensor

HOW IMM WORKS

IMM String Reader

IMM Gateway

HOW IMM WORKS

IMM Sensor

Neither additional cable nor anextra installation is needed.

DATA TRANSFER OVER EXISTING WIRING

1ST STEP: COMPARISON

All collected values are compared against each other: not only inverter data, but string and even module data

comparison of inverters

comparison of strings

comparison of modules

2ND STEP: SIMULATION

Measure exact temperature of each module: temperature ∆ is important toprecisely assess reference values (e.g.: wind ∆ 20°C module yield ∆ ~ 8.8% ! )

Match temperature with individual flasher data of each module: important for assessing which module is underperforming (datasheet standard values: 3% deviation)

IMM Scientific Engine (MATLAB, INSEL)

compares actual values with nominal values + simulates up from the module (Bottom-up-Simulation) , obtaining the

precise Performance Ratio (no approximation!)

How do you find the yield reference values?

nominal valuedata of one module specific error pattern

3RD STEP: FINGERPRINT TRACKING

Each error has its specific, unique electronic signature, its “fingerprint”.

We track all data according to these fingerprints and add new fingerprints to our “rogue’s gallery” automatically.

2. Analysis:all errors are analyzed& identified by theirindividual electronic fingerprint

1. Detection:nearly all performancereducing factors (errors) aredetected by remote

4. Correction: accurate repairs or swaps

of defected modules orcomponents can

take place promptly

3. Instruction: precise and plain

instructions, specificto each individual error

100 % TRANSPARENCY IN 4 STEPS

High Security and minimized

yield lossesby 100%

transparency

RESULT 1: TOTALLY INFORMED AT A GLANCE

RESULT 2: EVEN SMALLEST ERRORS ARE DETECTED

Exact temperature of each module: temperature ∆ is important to preciselyassess reference values (e.g.: wind ∆ 20°C module yield ∆ ~ 8.8% ! )

Exact voltage of each module: important to assess if a module has got a problem – and which it is.

Individual flasher data of each module: important for assessing which module is underperforming (datasheet standard values: 3% deviation)

IMM shows the precise performance of each module,

identifying even smallest errors.

Usual monitoring systems: not able to consider temperature/voltage of each module.

RESULT 3: DECREASE IN O&M EXPENDITURES…

www.latino-star.com

RESULT 4: … AND INCREASE IN YIELDS

Typical failure scenarios for crystalline-PV-modules;

IEA Task 13: junction-box-lead monitoring can lead to an increase in revenues of up to 12%* and is therefore strongly recommended.

Three typical failure scenarios for wafer-based crystalline photovoltaic modules. Source: IEA-PVPS Task 13, Review of Failures of Photovoltaic Modules Final, 2014, page 4

*See: IEA-PVPS Task 13, Analytical Monitoring of PV Systems Final, 2014, page 7

TALKING NUMBERS: COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS EXAMPLE

Plant assumptions: Plant size (Wp): 1.000.000Module power (Wp): 260Irradiance kWh/kWp/year: 950Feed-in remuneration: 0,14 €Cost of plant: 1.000.000 €

Revenue/year: 133.000 €Plant ROI: 13%Increase by IMM: 1,0%Additional revenue by IMM/year: 1.330,00 €

O&M assumptions: Costs O&M ø per kWp: 10,50 €Costs O&M ø per year: 10.500 €

Savings with IMM/year in %: 10,0%Savings with IMM/year in €: 1.050 €

Additional gain with IMM in total/year: 2.380 €

Costs of IMM String-Reader hardware: Amounts Totalnumber of Modules 3.846

Total costs IMM String-Reading: 13.150 €

ROI IMM 18%

ROI plant for comparison 13%

Any data and price of any products in this slide are intended to be an estimate only without legally or commercially binding power. Any information about the products and their prices is subject to change without notice. Prices are fully subject to the terms and conditions of a commercial offer by Solar Solutions PV GmbH.

RESULTS:

PV plant always performsat its optimum

Even smallest errors are detectedand the benefit of repairmentmeasures calculated

Profit is increased and securityenhanced

IMM TECHNOLOGY: THE REVOLUTION OF O&M

O&M with IMM Technology is pv plant monitoringmanaged by artificial intelligence.

IMM: 100% TRANSPARENCY

100% TRANSPARENCYThanks to module monitoringand artificialintelligence

THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Ingmar Kruse

Solar Solutions PV GmbHLudwig-Feuerbach-Str. 6990489 Nürnberg

www.aeg-industrialsolar.de