Walton County Emergency Radio Club AI4JI Coaxial Connectors, Coaxial Cable, Feed Line, and a Simple...

Walton County Emergency Radio Club Walton County Emergency Radio Club AI4JIAI4JI

Coaxial Connectors,Coaxial Connectors,Coaxial Cable, Feed Line,Coaxial Cable, Feed Line,

and a Simple Antenna.and a Simple Antenna.

By: David E. Rudd, CET WC AI4JIBy: David E. Rudd, CET WC AI4JI

Coaxial ConnectorsCoaxial Connectors

• Properly mate cables to equipment

• Properly mate cables to cables

• Can be easily adapted to other types

• Maintain impedance

PL-259PL-259((CChildrens hildrens BBand’ers favorite)and’ers favorite)

• PL-259 aka UHF Connector (50 ohms)

• WWII threaded connector intended for use as a video connector in RADAR applications.

• It later saw use as an RF connector and is generally used at HF and VHF frequencies.

• These do NOT work well over 300 MHz!

BNC ConnectorBNC Connector

• BNC Connector (50 or 75 ohms)

• Aka (Bayonet Neill-Concelman)

• Very common RF coaxial connector

• Used for audio, video, RF and networking

• Commonly found in radio and television

• Typically good from 0MHz – 3 GHz

• Supports voltages up to 500 volts.

F ConnectorF Connector

• F connector (75 ohms)

• Commonly used for over the air terrestrial television, cable television, satellite television and cable modems.

• Best with RG-6/U cable.

• Good up to 1 GHz.

N ConnectorN Connector

• N Connector (50 and 75 ohms)• Designed for 0-11GHz, but found works

well up into the 18GHz range!• Can handle 5000 watts at 20MHz and 500

watts at 2GHz.• Mil-Spec and widely used in the

infrastructure of land mobile, wireless data, paging and cellular communications systems.

SMA ConnectorSMA Connector

• SMA Connector (50 ohms)

• Good from DC to 18GHz.

• Commonly found on portable radios.

• Rated for only 500 mating cycles if properly torqued to 3-5 in-lbf.

Mini-UMini-U

• Miniature UHF (mini-u) (50 ohms)

• Designed for use in mobile phones

• Good for up to 2.5 GHz.

• Became popular for commercial mobile transmitter applications.

• Commonly found on public safety radio equipment.

Coaxial CableCoaxial Cable

• Commonly found in 50 and 75 ohms

• Thin, thick, shielded, double shielded.

• Flexible, rigid, semi-rigid, superflex, heliax.

• Air dielectric, foam dielectric, teflon.

• Silver or nickel plated, solid or copper clad

• Solid conductor, braided conductor, hollow conductor and twisted conductor.

Coaxial CablesCoaxial Cables

Belden 9913/UBelden 9913/U

Coaxial CableCoaxial Cable

• An inner conductor surrounded by a flexible, tubular insulating layer, surrounded by a tubular conducting shield and covered by a weather-proof material.

• Used as a transmission line for radio frequency signals.

• The thicker the cable, the less loss and more power handling capabilities.

Commercial Coaxial CablesCommercial Coaxial Cables

Coaxial Cable and LossCoaxial Cable and Loss

• Coax Cable has attenuation, both ways!• RG-8/U, 100’ @ 10 MHZ = .55 dB• RG-8/U, 100’ @ 50 MHz = 1.3 dB• RG-8/U, 100’ @ 144 MHz = 2 dB• RG-8/U, 100’ @ 400 MHz = 4.1 dB• 9913, 100’ @ 50 MHz = .9 dB• 9913, 100’ @ 144 MHz = 1.5 dB• 9913, 100’ @ 400 MHz = 2.6 dB

Gain and Loss ChartGain and Loss Chart

Gain / Loss Multiplier ERP if 100 watts1db 1.2 120 w2db 1.6 160 w3db 2.1 210 w6db 4 400 w9db 8 800 w12db 15.9 1590 w15db 31.6 3160 w

• LMR-400, 100’ @ 10MHz = negligible• LMR-400, 100’ @ 50MHz = .9 dB• LMR-400, 100’ @ 144MHz = 1.4 dB• LMR-400, 100’ @ 440MHz = 2.7 dB• LDF4-50, 100’ @ 10MHZ = negligible• LDF4-50, 100’ @ 144MHz = .4 dB• LDF4-50, 100’ @ 440MHz = 1.5 dB• LDF4-50, 100’ @ 900MHz = 2.2 dB

• LDF5-50, 100’ @ 50MHz = .25 dB

• LDF5-50, 100’ @ 144MHz = .4 dB

• LDF5-50, 100’ @ 440MHz = .8 dB

• LDF5-50, 100’ @ 900MHz = 1.2 dB

Ladder LineLadder Line

• No loss.• Does not leak.• Not prone to radiate.• Requires a BALUN to work with standard

50 ohm equipment.• Must be kept clear of surrounding metal.• Very easy to work with.• Does not require expensive connectors.

450 ohm Ladder Line450 ohm Ladder Line

Simple Dipole ConnectionSimple Dipole Connection

Ladder Line J-Pole AntennaLadder Line J-Pole Antenna

Home Made Ladder LineHome Made Ladder Line

The Doublet AntennaThe Doublet Antenna

½ Wave Doublet Formula½ Wave Doublet Formula

Doublet AdvantagesDoublet Advantages

• Cut to lowest frequency you intend to use.

• Must use a tuner.

• Must have a 4:1 Balun in the tuner. (usually will have 2 or 3 insulated binding posts for connecting wires on back)

• Will tune ANY frequency in the HF bands.

• Will tune 6 meter band.

• Will give you GAIN in the upper HF bands!

The End

Walton County Emergency Radio Club AI4JI Coaxial Connectors, Coaxial Cable, Feed Line, and a Simple...

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