ALLELES
The different forms of a gene
DOMINANT ALLELE
An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.
GENE
A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait.
GENETICS
The scientific study of heredity.
GENOTYPE
An organism’s genetic makeup, or allele combination.
HETEROZYGOUS
Having two different alleles for a trait.
HOMOZYGOUS
Having two identical alleles for a trait.
HYBRID
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is heterozygous for a particular trait.
PHENOTYPE
An organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits.
PUNNETT SQUARE
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.
PUREBRED
An organism that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent.
RECESSIVE ALLELE
An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.
Recessive traits are only visible if an individual inherits two copies of the recessive allele
TRAIT
A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.