UNIT 3-CELL CELL THEORY-What are the 3 facts of the cell theory?

1. All living organisms are made up of cells

2. The cell =basic unit of life

3.All new cells come from existing cells

Light and Electron Microscope

Light –compound Microscope: • Radiation source is light • Maximum magnification 1000-2000 times. • Image is coloured • Cell structures as small as 1millionth of meter • Electron Microscope: • Radiation source is electrons,. • Maximum magnification 1, 60,000 to 2, 50,000 times. • Image is black and white. • Cell structures as small as 1 billionth of a meter

Electron M/scopes can be Transmissioon or Scanning • Transmission Electron- need thin samples; images are flat & 2

Dimensional • Scanning Electron-samples can be any thickness and U can 3 dimensional

PROKARYOTIC (P)AND EUKARYOTIC (E) (CELLS)

In E-Cells, parts are membrane bound like cell membrane+ nuclear membrane surrounding the nucleus

• E-Larger, more complex, DNA is contained in nucleus

P-simpler, smaller, DNA scattered

P-Cell parts are not bound by membranes-no cell, no nuclear membranes

ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS

Cell Organelles & Functions

Nucleus is surrounded

by the cytoplasm

Nucleus contains DNA

and instructions

for cell

Parts of the cell in Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis

Indentify Parts of cell in this diagram involved in A.Protein assembly B.Protein Transport C. Protein Sorting and Packaging. Why is this cell Eukaryotic?......because it has membranes around the cell parts. What is the function of microtubules + filaments-…they hold shape & support cell.

Ribosome-Assembly

ER-Protein Transport

Golgi Apparatus Sorts, Modifies, Packages +Stores Protein

Energy Organelles

Both mitochondria & chloroplasts have inner + outer membranes. Mitochondria are the sites for cellular respiration in eukaryotic cell.

Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis in plants & algae.Chloroplasts contain molecules of chlorophyll and other pigments that trap light.

CELL BOUNDARIES * Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane)

This is called the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane It is made up of 2 layers of lipids-bilipid *Cell Wall- found in plants maintain shape and support

Cell Transport through The Cell Membrane-Osmosis

Osmosis FRESH WATER

What happens when c cell is placed in fresh water?

Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport-uses energy-ATP uses proteins-no energy

Cell Transport-

PHOTOSYNTHESIS-Plants make food-There are 2-Stages Stage 1 -Light Dependent Stage 2Light Independent 1.Sunlight in or other types of light O2 1. NADPH from Light Rxn 2.H20 split-O2 is released 2. CO2 is fixed in Calvin 3.H+ goes to NAPD to form NADPH +Glucose

EQUATION-Photosynthesis carbon dioxide + water ==> glucose + oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O ----------- C6H12O6 + 6O2

Which candle burns longer & why?

CELLULAR RESPIRATION There are 2 types-:

AEROBIC –with O2 ANAEROBIC w/out O2 • Glycolysis

• Krebs Cycle

• Electron Transport

•

EQUATION:CELL RESPIRATION C6H12O6 + 6O2 ------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ~(energy) 38 ATP Glucose sugar +OxygenCarbon dioxide +water+energy

YOGURT ALCOHOL

ATP Production • What is ATP-Adenosine Triphosphate (3P+) which

stores energy for the cell to use in its activities.

• ATP Production Where-Mitochondria

Process-Respiration-Krebs Cycle +electron Transport

What Happens-Cell takes ADP (adenonsine diphosphate(2P+)

grabs a phosphate molecule (P+)making it ATP

(3P+)that stores energy.

When ATP loses a P/phosphate it becomes

ADPenergy is released

• ATP synthesase enzyme is used in the reation