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In vivo determination of the hypoglycemic effect of Mollugo oppositofollia Linn. (Molluginaceae) plant extracts in Alloxan-induced male Sprague-Dawley ratsHERNANDEZ, RAY CONRAD. , JAVIER, JEZREEL ROLLAN., LIM, ALEC JACOB, MANUEL, ROSELLE, PENSOTES, DARRYL VAN , RAMORAN, EDRICK GLENN

DR. GAVINO IVAN TANODRA

University of Santo TomasFaculty of Pharmacy

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Introduction

3Diabetes Mellitus

Disorder in which blood sugar (glucose) levels are abnormally high.

Metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia Defects in the B-cells of the pancreas

(American Diabetes Association, 2003)

4Type 1 Diabetes

insulin-dependent diabetes juvenile-onset diabetesautoimmune destruction of the β-cells of

the pancreas

5Insulin

hormone released from the β-cells of pancreas controls the amount of glucose in the blood

6Prevalence of Diabetes According to the International Diabetes

Federation & World Health Organization 387 million people around the world have diabetes cause of 1.5 million deaths and is projected to rise

by more than 50% in the next 10 years 7th leading cause of death in the world

7Alloxan 2,4,5,6- pyrimidinetetrone diabetogenic agent induce Type 1 diabetes in experimental

animals administered parenterally

intravenously intraperitoneally subcutaneously.

Usual dose is 65 mg/kg

8Mollugo oppositofollia Linn. : Botanical Description

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Class: Magnoliospida

Order: Caryophyllales

Family: Molluginaceae

Genus: Mollugo

Species: Mollugo oppositofolia

 

9Mollugo oppositofollia Linn. : Botanical Description

Characterized by diffuse prostrate, annual herb

Made up of numerous, dichotomously branched slender stems.

Possesses 13-22 mm long leaves, in whorls of 4-5, unequal, and oblanceolate

Consists of small, white flowers, in axillary fascicles of 2 or more, with long filiform pedicels

10Mollugo oppositofollia Linn.: Botanical Description

applied topically for the treatment of skin diseases and itch

used with castor oil as treatment for ear ache natural source of antioxidant

Mollugo oppositofollia Linn.

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Problem Rationale

13Objectives

To determine which fraction will elicit the highest hypoglycemic activity.

To identify the constituents present in the different fractions.

14Scope and Limitations Determination of efficacy by decreasing blood

glucose level using a glucometer Toxicity will not be performed Lingayen Male Sprague-dawley rats will be used Diabetes induction by use of Alloxan Soxhlet

15Significance of the Study

To serve as a tool for application of what the researchers learned in the field of pharmacy.

To serve as a reference for future hypoglycemic studies.

To provide information about the hypoglycemic effect of Mollugo oppositifolia Linn.

Best?

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Research Design

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Collection of Mollugo oppositifolia Linn. plant sample

Research Design

Identification of the wholeplant sample

Drying of the plant sample

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Grinding of the plant sample

Extraction with hexane, chloroform, 2-butanol, methanol

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Rotary Evaporator

Soxhlet Apparatus

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Phytochemical Analysis

IACUC Application

Induction of diabetes to male Sprague- Dawley rats

21Group I: Normal healthy control animals

(fed with normal chow and water)Group II: Diabetes induced control

animals treated with alloxan monohydrate in sterile saline (150 mg/kg by i.p. injection, single dose)

Group III: Diabetes induced animal treated with hexane extract (500 mg/kg/day orally for 35 days)

22Group IV: Diabetes induced animal

treated with chloroform extract (500 mg/kg/day orally for 35 days)

Group V: Diabetes induced animal treated with 2-butanol extract (500 mg/kg/day orally for 35 days)

Group VI: Diabetes induced animal treated with methanol extract (500 mg/kg/day orally for 35 days)

Group VII: Drug control-animals, diabetes induced rats treated with Insulin (1 U/200 g /day intraperitonially for 35 days)

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Administration of crude extracts

Biochemical Analysis

Statistical Analysis

Glucometer

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25REFERENCESThe Wonders of ‘Guyabano’ and Other Philippine Medicinal Plants Documented in New

Book. (2014, November 4). Philippine Daily Inquirer.

Rizvi, S.I., & Mishra, N. (2013). Traditional Indian Medicine Used for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Research. doi:10.1155/2013/712092

Okamoto, M.M., et. al. (2011). Intensive Insulin Treatment Induces Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Rats by Impairing Glucose metabolism-related Mechanism in Muscle and Liver. J Endocrinol, 211(1), 55-64. doi: 10.1530/JOE-11-0105

Skak, K., Gotfredsen, C.F., Lundsgaard, D., Hansen, J.B., Sturis, J., Markholst, H. (2004). Improved β-Cell Survival and Reduced Insulitis in a Type 1 Diabetic Rat

Model After Treatment with a β-Cell-Selective KATP Channel Opener. Diabetes, 53(4), 1089-1095. doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.4.1089

Rizvi, S.I., Matteucci, E., and Atukeren, P. (2013). Traditional Medicine in Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Research. doi:10.1155/2013/58082

26Choi, H.Y., et. al. (2014). Effects of food on the pharmacokinetics of a gemigliptin/metformin sustained-release 50/1,000 mg (25/500 mg x 2 tablets)

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Wilkins, J., Dubar, M., Sebastien, B., and Laveille, C. (2013). A Drug and Disease Model for Lixisenatide, a GLP-I Receptor Agonist in Type 2 Diabtetes. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 54(3), 267-278.

Modak, M., Dixit, P., Londhe, J., Ghaskadbi, S., and Devasagayam, T.P.A. (2007). Indian Herbs and Herbal Drugs Used for the Treatment of Diabetes.

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 40(3), 163-173.

World Health Organization. (2002). Traditional medicine-growing needs and potential. WHO Policy Perspective on Medicines, 2, 1-6.

Wang, Z., Wang, J., & Chan, P. (2013). Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Traditional Chinese and Indian Medicinal Herbs. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, 2013, 343594.doi:10.1155/2013/343594

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