Post on 21-Jan-2020
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SAFETY CLIMATE AND SAFETY
PERFORMANCE
By
MOHD YUSOF BIN HUSSAIN
Thesis Submitted to
Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business,
Universiti Utara Malaysia,
in Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master Science of
Occupational Safety and Health Management
ii
Othman Yeop Abdullah
Graduate School of Business
Universiti Utara Malaysia
PERAKUAN KERJA KERTAS PROJEK
(Certification of Project Paper)
Saya, yang bertandatangan, memperakukan bahawa
(I, the undersigned, certify that)
MOHD YUSOF BIN HUSSAIN (809085)
Calon untuk Ijazah Sarjana
(Candidate for the degree of) MASTER OF SCIENCE (OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT)
telah mengemukakan kertas projek yang bertajuk: (has presented his/her project paper with the following title:)
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SAFETY CLIMATE AND SAFETY
PERFORMANCE.
Seperti yang tercatat di muka surat tajuk dan kulit kertas projek. (as it appears on the title page and front cover of the project paper)
Bahawa kertas projek tersebut boleh diterima dari segi bentuk serta kandungan dan meliputi
bidang ilmu dengan memuaskan. (that the project paper acceptable in the form and content that a satisfactory knowledge of
the field is covered by the project paper).
Nama Penyelia : EN LUKMAN BIN WAN MAT DAUD
(Name of Supervisor)
Tandatangan : _______________________
(Signature)
Tarikh : 25 JULY 2013
(Date)
iii
PERMISSION TO USE
In presenting this thesis in partial requirement for the Master of Science Occupational
safety and Health Management in Universiti Utara Malaysia, I agree that the
University Library may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that
permission for copying this thesis in any manner, in a whole or in part, for scholarly
purpose may be granted by my supervisor or, in his absence, by the Dean Collage of
Business. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this thesis or
parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It
is also understood that due recognition shall not be given to me and Universiti Utara
Malaysia for any scholarly use which may be made of any material from this thesis.
Requests for permission to copy or to make other use of material in this thesis, in
whole or in part should be address to:
Dean of Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business
Universiti Utara Malaysia
06010 UUM Sintok
Kedah Darul Aman
iv
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini dinilai berdasarkan persepsi keselamatan pekerja di sebuah syarikat
pembuatan kertas dengan penekanan kepada hubungan antara iklim keselamatan dan
prestasi keselamatan di kalangan pekerja-pekerja di sebuah kilang kertas di Pahang.
Kajian ini akan melihat hubungan antara iklim keselamatan dan prestasi keselamatan
untuk memahami persepsi keselamatan yang telah diamalkan di Pascorp Paper
Industries Berhad. Keselamatan adalah isu yang terbaik, bagaimanapun majikan dan
pekerja tidak merasakan ia sebagai satu proses yang penting dalam keselamatan
matlamat jangka. Konsep keselamatan pekerja akan meningkatkan kefahaman
majikan keperluan keselamatan Kertas Pascorp dan mematuhi keperluan undang-
undang. Kajian mendapati bahawa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejayaan sistem
keselamatan adalah iklim keselamatan dan prestasi keselamatan dalam mengurangkan
insiden pekerjaan. Menggunakan SPSS 19 diukur hasil daripada kajian dan ujian
hipotesis iklim keselamatan dilihat dan komitmen keselamatan ke arkib prestasi
keselamatan dalam organisasi. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa terdapat tiada hubungan
yang signifikan untuk gender, umur dan tempoh kerja, bagaimanapun terdapat
hubungan yang signifikan antara posisi kerja, tahap pelajaran dan dan prestasi
keselamatan.
Katakunci: Persepsi Keselamatan, Iklim Keselamatan, Prestasi Keselamatan
v
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated on employee safety perception at a paper manufacturing
company with emphasize on relationship between safety climate and safety
performance among employees in a paper manufacturing company in Pahang. This
study examined the relationship between safety climate and safety performance in
order to understand safety perception that has been practiced in Pascorp Paper
Industries Berhad. Safety is utmost issue, however employer and employees does not
feel it as an important process of long goal safety. Understanding the concept of
workers safety will enhance employer understanding the safety requirement of
Pascorp Paper and adhere legal requirements. The study found that factors
influencing the success of the safety system are safety climate and safety performance
in reducing occupational incidents. Using SPSS 19 to measure the result of studies
and test of hypothesis perceived safety climate to achieve the safety performance in
organization. The study noticed that there is no significant relationship between
gender age and year of service status. While significant relationship between workers
position, education level and safety performance.
Keywords: Safety Perception, Safety Climate, Safety Performance
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my supervisor, En. En Lukman Bin
Wan Mat Daud for his encouragement, guidance, critics, friendship and help during
the development of this project report. I am especially grateful for his assistance in
providing me with ample reference materials at the early stage of this study.
I would also like to express my gratitude and thanks to my wife, Ms. Suhana Binti
Halim, for her constant encouragement and advice. This project paper would not have
been possible without her love and support.
A special thanks to my daughters my daughter Nur Syuhada, Nur Syafura and Nur
Syakina, who was always with me at the computer and when I was studying. Your
soft purring and desire to be close was a welcome distraction when I needed a break
and a comfort to know how unconditionally important you thought I was!
A special dedication to my late father, Haji Hussain bin Mahdi who had provided me
with the fundamentals to excel academically and in my profession.
Lastly, my sincere appreciation also extends to all my colleagues and others who
have provided assistance at various occasions. Their views and tips are useful indeed.
Unfortunately, it is not possible to list all of them in this limited space.
Thanks to all for helping me either directly or indirectly in the completion of this
project paper.
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Content Pages
Certification of Project Paper ii
Permission to Use iii
Abstrak iv
Abstract v
Acknowledgment vi
Table of Content vii
List of Tables ix
List of Figures x
List of abbreviation xi
NO. CONTENTS PAGES
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Information about Pascorp Paper Industries Berhad 4
1.2 Safety and Health practices in Pascorp Paper 7
1.2.1 Establishment of Safety, Health and environment Policy 7
1.2.2 Role of Safety Committee and Safety Officer to success
In the safety and health program in PPIB 10
1.2.3 Safety and Health Program and planning activities 12
1.3 Background of study and problem statement 12
1.4 Research Question 14
1.5 Objective of Study 15
1.6 Significant of Study 16
1.7 Scope of Study 16
1.7 Limitation 16
1.8 Conclusion 17
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction 18
2.2 Safety Climate and Safety Performance 18
2.2.1 Safety Climate or Safety Culture 18
2.2.2 Benefit in accessing safety climate in organization 22
2.3 Safety Performance 23
2.4 Relating Safety Climate and Safety performance and demographic
Factors 26
2.12 Conclusion 29
viii
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 31
3.2 Framework and Hypothesis of study 32
3.2.1 Relationship between Safety Climate and Safety
Performance 32
3.2.2 The influences of Safety Climate and Safety Performance 32
3.2.3. Gender, age,position, year of service and education level 33
3.3 Research Design 35
3.4 Population and Samples 36
3.5 Data Collection method or procedure 37
3.6 Instrument 37
3.7 Type of Data Analyses 38
3.8 Conclusion 39
CHAPTER 4: RESULT AND DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction 40
4.2 Demographic Analysis 40
4.3 Reliability Analysis 43
4.4 Mean and standard Deviation Analysis for Safety Climate and
Safety Performance 44
4.5 Hypothesis Testing 45
4.5.1 Relationship between Safety Climate and Safety
Performance 45
4.5.2 The influences of Safety Climate and Safety Performance 46
4.5.3 Gender, age,position, year of service and education level 47
4.6 Conclusion 54
CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION, SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Introduction 55
5.2 Summary of the Main Findings 55
5.3 Discussion of Hyphotesis Result 56
5.4 Recommendation 61
5.5 Implication 63
5.6 Limitation of study 64
References 66
Appendix A : Questionnaire 71
Appendix B : Safety Training Plan for Year 2012 77
ix
LIST OF TABLES
TABLES TITLES PAGES
Table 1.1 PPIB Workplace Accident Statistics 2002-2011 13
Table 4.1 Frequency of Demographic variables 42
Table 4.2 Reliability test for dependent and independent variables 43
Table 4.3 Mean and Standard Deviation for Safety Climate and
Safety Performance 44
Table 4.4 Correlation Matrix Among Variables 44
Table 4.5 Correlation coefficient and determination 46
Table 4.7 Gender: Mean Safety Performance 47
Table 4.8 Age: Mean Safety Performance 48
Table 4.9 Employment Status: Mean Safety Performance 49
Table 4.10 Year of Service: Mean Safety Performance 51
Table 4.11 Education: Mean Safety Performance 52
x
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1 Number of Industrial Accidents Reported 2006-2010 3
Figure 1.2 PPIB Safety and Health Policy 10
Figure 1.3 Safety and Health Committee Organization Chart 11
Figure 3.1 Theoretical Framework 31
xi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviation Description
PPIB Pascorp Paper Industries Berhad
PM1 Paper Machine 1
PM2 Paper Machine 2
PM3 Paper Machine 3
WWTP Waste Water Treatment Plant
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.0. Introduction
This study will explain the detail overview of the study on relationship between
safety climate and safety performance in the Pascorp Paper Industries Berhad. In
this chapter will include an explanation about the research background, area
research, safety practices in Pascorp Paper, problem statement, objective and
research question for this study.
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA, 1994) set an objective to promote safe
and health workplace for every person at work, which adapted their physiological
and psychological needs. Organization started giving attention to organizational and
management impact on safety performance particularly the function of safety
climate (Nahrgang, Morgesan & Hofmann, 2007)
This study on safety perception is paramount, Wong due to measure the level of
safety practices in the organization. Studies show that positive safety climate in the
organization will result in reducing the accident rate in the company (Huang, 2006,
Wong, 2009, Susan et al., 2008, Tsung, 2007). Thus management commitment and
involvement of employee’s participation as well as total quality management have
been highlighted as key elements of success in the safety system (Ahamadon Bakri
et al., 2006, Huang, 2006, Chia Yang et al., 2009).
The contents of
the thesis is for
internal user
only
66
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