Post on 06-Apr-2018
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THE NORTH CENTRAL VIETNAM
Class: Tutorial 1Tutor: Nguyen Duc Hoa Cuong
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GENERALINFORMATION
Total area: 12811.9 km2
Population: 1,452,903
Geography: mostly mountain andsandy area
Climate: complicated and affected byLaos wind, geography
Ethnicities: Kinh, Bru or Van Kieu, TaOi and etc
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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW
Capital city: Dong Hoi
Area: 8051.8 km2
Population: 854,918 (2007)
Ethnicities: Kinh, Bru or Van Kieu, Chut
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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW
Towns and districts:
- Tuyen Hoa
- Minh Hoa
- Quang Trach
- Bo Trach
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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW
Location- North central Viet Nam
- Surrounded by:
On the East: East Sea
On the West: Laos
On the South: Quang Tri
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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW
Geography
- Topography: narrow and sloping from West
to East- Divided into specific geographical zone:
mountain
hilly and midland lowland
coastal and sandy area
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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW
Climate
- Belongs to the monsoon-tropical zone
- Divided into 2 seasons:
Rainy season: from September to March
Dry season: from April to August
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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW
Tourism
Many charming landscapes of mountain &
sea: Phong Nha, Tien Son caves, Nhat Le,Cua Tung beach, etc
Preserved objects from Bau Tro remains,
Dong Son culture Historical relics: Quang Binh gate, Luy
Thay, etc
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QUANG BINH OVERVIEW
Attractions:
Natural attraction: Phong Nha Ke BangNational Park
Cultural attraction: Chalo Cong Troi
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Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park
I. History of establishment
II. General information
III. Cave and grotto system
IV. Biodiversity
V. Importance
VI. Tourist activities
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History of Establishment
1920s: The area has long been seen as and exploited for
tourism as one of the great landscapes of Vietnam
1986: Phong Nha Cultural and Historical Site was
declared (5,000 ha) 1993: Phong Nha declared a Nature Reserve and
extended to 41,132 ha
2000: The Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park was
established, incorporating part of the limestone plateau of
the Ke Bang Conservation Area
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General Information
1. Location: Bo Trach and Minh Hoa districts of central Quang Binh
province, in north central Vietnam 40 km north-west of the provincial capital city of Dong Hoi 500 km south of Hanoi
42 km east of South China Sea West: the Hin Namno Nature Reserv in the province of
Khammouan, Laos
2. Area:- The core zone: 857.54 km2
The "strictly protected zone" (648.94 km2) The "ecological recovery zone" (174.49 km2) The "administrative service zone" (34.11 km2)
- The buffer zone: 1,954 km2
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General Information
3. Geology:
The plateau is probably one of the finest and most distinctive
examples of a complex karst landform in Southeast Asia
If combined with the Hin Namno, the combined reserve would be the
largest surviving karst forest in South-east Asia (317,754 ha)
It is one of the world's two largest limestone regions.
The karst formation is the oldest major karst area in Asia (evolved
since the Palaeozoic - some 400 million years ago)
The surface karst: cone and tower karst, karrens, valleys and
dolines, border polje, etc. The underground karst: caves
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General Information
4. Other geographic features:
Mountains: containing two dozens of mountain
peaks with over 1,000 metres in height.
The Peak Co Rilata: 1,128 m
The Peak Co Preu: 1,213 m
Rivers: having the longest underground river
(Son, Chay) as well as spectacular streams,
springs and waterfalls (Gio, Ba Loan, Mooc, etc.)
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General Information
5. Climate: Tropical, hot, and humid.
Temperature:
Annual mean: 23 - 25C (Max = 41
C in summer. Min =
6C in winter)
The hottest months: June Aug (average of 28C)
The coldest months: Dec - Feb (average of 18C)
Annual rainfall: 2,000 - 2,500 mm (88% from Jul to
Dec)
> 160 rainy days/year no month is without rain.
Mean annual relative humidity: 84%
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Cave and grotto system
Phong Nha Ke Bang is composed of 300 caves
and grottos with a total length of about 70 km,
of which only 20 have been surveyed by
Vietnamese and British scientists:
17 in the Phong Nha area
3 in the Ke Bang area
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Cave and grotto system
1. Phong Nha cave7729 m long, contains 14 grottos, with a 13,969 m-longunderground river
Dark Grotto (Hang Ti): 5,258 m long, 83 m high
E Grotto (Hang E): a 736 m-long grotto Cha An Grotto (Hang Ch An): 667 m long, 15 m wide. Thung Grotto (Hang Thung): having an underground river
of 3351 m En Grotto (Hang n): 1645 m long, 78.6 m high, the
habitat of thousands of sparrows, having fine sand fieldinside
Khe Tien Grotto (Hang Khe Tin): 520 m long. Khe Ry Grotto (Hang Khe Ry): where the stream Khe Ry
runs out. Khe Thi Grotto (Hang Khe Thi): The Khe Thi stream runs
underground
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Cave and grotto system
2. Thien uong cave
Discovered in 2005 by scientists from the British
Cave Research Association
Opened to public in Sep 2010
The largest and longest cave in Phong Nha-Ke Bang
with the most beautiful and spectacular stalactites
and stalagmites in the park
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Biodiversity
1. Florae
o 96.2% - evergreen tropical wet forest
o 1.5% - rattan and bamboo forest
o 0.3% - agricultural plants
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Biodiversity
o Common tree species: Burretiodendron
hsienmu, Annamocarya spp., Plantanus
kerii, Hopea spp.
o 3 rare orchid species:
Paphiopedilum malipoense, Paphiopedilumdianthum, Paphiopedilum concolor
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Biodiversity
2. Faunae:
66 species in Vietnam Redbook, 23 species in World
Redbook
Largest population of Francois' Langur in Vietnam:
Hatinh Langur and Black Langur
Endangered large mammals: Mainland Serow, Giant
Muntjac, Saola, Asiatic Black Bear, Sun Bear
200 bird species, 259 butterfly species, 72 fish
species
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Importance
Evidence of human occupation of the Neolithic (axe
heads and similar artifacts)
1995: remarked as an extremely important
archeological site
2003: recognized as a world natural heritage site for
outstanding geological, geomorphical, and
geographical values
2007: submitted to UNESCO second time for
recognition as a world natural heritage for
biodiversity
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Tourist Activities
Tour for expedition of caves and grottos in
boats and with professional cave expedition
means
Ecotourism, discovering the flora and fauna in
this national park in the Ke Bang Forest
Mountain climbing, trekking
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Tourist Activities
Interesting tourist attractions: Chai
Waterfall, Ran Crouching Stone, Surfacing
Stream, Bo Bull Field, Horizontal Spring
January 2009: listed in 29 destinations to
visitby Los Angeles Times
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Cha Lo Cong Troi
Location: Minh Hoa Quang Binh
Belonging to the Ho Chi Minh path system
(12A)
An important point of the system to preventenemy in Vietnam America war
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Cha Lo Cong Troi
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Cha Lo Cong Troi
The forest is composed of many kinds of
precious plants: lim, sen, tau, song may
and lan flower.
Nowadays, Cha Lo becomes an
International gate of Vietnam and a
developed economic area.
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Cha Lo Cong Troi
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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW
Capital city: Dong Ha
Area: 4760.1km2
Population:597,985 (2007)
Ethnicities: Kinh, Bru or Van Kieu, Ta Oi
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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW
Town and districts:
Vinh Linh
Gio Linh
Cam Lo
Trieu Phong
Hai Lang
Huong Hoa
Da Krong
Con Co
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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW
Location- North central Viet Nam
- Surrounded by:
On the East: East Sea
On the West: Laos
On the South: Thua Thien Hue province
On the North: Quang Binh province
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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW
Geography
Topography: mountains, hills, plains, sanddune and seaside
The long coast and complex network of
rivers
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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW
Climate
Weather condition is very serve with hot anddry South-West wind
Annual temperature: 24oC
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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW
Tourism Preserves many remains from the anti-
American resistance: the ancient citadel ofQuang Tri, Khe Sanh combat base, Vinh Moc
tunnel, Hien Luong bridge, etc
Beautiful landscapes: Dakrong beauty Spot,
Cua My beach, etc
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QUANG TRI OVERVIEW
Attractions:
Natural attraction: Cua Tung beach
Cultural attraction: Vinh Moc Tunnel
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Geographical location: An c village, Vnh Quang
commune, Vnh Linh District, Qung Tr
Next to 17th
parallel of latitude, Bn Hi river, TrngSn martyrs' cemetery, Vnh Mc tunnel, etc.
Length: appro. 1km
Climate: mild, little wind, safe for fishing ship
Named:Queen of beaches ideal place for vacation
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Features: White, flat, soft sand; full of win; blue,
transparent water.
Historical site famous destination
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Vinh Moc Tunnel
Vinh Moc tunnel looks like ancient
castle lying silently underground that
hides many mysteries of human-
made and the period creating it
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Vinh Linh District
1965-1972: Vinh Linh was damaged consecutivelyby about half of million tons of bombs and marbles.
Every citizen had suffered 7 tons of bombs andmarbles on average
For surviving and continuing to fightingthe need of building tunnel
1st tunnel: 50 m long, 6-7m deep (Tan My)
Mid-1966: > 10 tunnels was built but short andshallow
1968: 70 villages of 15 communes had tunnels
Final statistic: 114 villages with total 40 km inlength
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Losses in war
30 tunnels were huge grave for 400
Vinh Linh citizens
26/2/1967: Don Due ( Vinh Hoa) : 4 people
died
20/6/1967: Tan Ly ( Vinh Quang ) : 61 people
died
27/7/1967: Booc Hamlet ( Vinh Thach ) : 22people died
10/9/1967: Binh Minh tunnel : 39 people died
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Vinh Moc tunnel
Vinh Moc village: on the southeast
coastline, far away from Cua Tung beach
about 7km , far away from Con Co 30 km
important geographical position.
Lying underground of a hill with 30 m in
height and total area of 30 hectares
18,000 working day, built in 2 years (1965-
1967)
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Purposes for building Vinh Moctunnel system
Avoiding the damage of bomb
Surviving purpose
Safe space for fighting planning
Collecting and transporting goods and
weapons to Con co
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Structure of Vinh Moc tunnel system
Dome structure with the size of 0.9m x1.75m
Total length: 2000m
3 main tunnels crossing together uninterrupted , self-contained and largescale tunnel
13 gates ( 7 to sea and 6 to hill)
2 sides of tunnel were pierced to create
space for living
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Structure of Vinh Moc tunnel system
3 layers
1st layer : 12 m deep from surface,
space for living 2nd layer: 15m deep from surface, space
for peoples committee, party executivecommittee, military commanders
3rd layer: space for preparation of goods& weapons transportation
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Structure of Vinh Moc tunnel system
Including : meeting hall, bulletin board,
maternity hospital, wells, WCs, surgery
room, Hoang Cam cooking-stove, rice
store, call office, etc.
Nowadays: adding display room with
photos
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The life in Vinh Moc
Life condition: wet in winter, hot in
summer, lack of sunlight and hygiene
diseases related to parasites, skin and bone Need for fuel saving
Shortage of food
Miracle in Vinh Moc: 17 babies in 10 years Being both effective battlefield and rear
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TRAVEL TIPS
Best time to enjoy Phong Nha Ke Bang:
early afternoon (time tours depart from
Dong Hoi)
Dry seasons: February to August (avoidSeptember and November)
Price to visit Phong Nha Ke Bang:
50,000VND for ticket; 70,000VND for boat Shopping places: Dong Hoi market, Dong
Ha market, Lao Bao border gate
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REFERENCES
http://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387
688&cat=1190885358164
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Park
http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/heritage/phongnha.asp
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/951
http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2
&uid=5288
Etc.
http://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387688&cat=1190885358164http://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387688&cat=1190885358164http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Parkhttp://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/heritage/phongnha.asphttp://whc.unesco.org/en/list/951http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2&uid=5288http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2&uid=5288http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2&uid=5288http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/news/index.asp?loai=2&uid=5288http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/951http://www.vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/heritage/phongnha.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Parkhttp://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387688&cat=1190885358164http://www.quangbinh.gov.vn/3cms/?cmd=130&art=1283336387688&cat=1190885358164