Post on 30-Oct-2014
SyllogismSil-oh-ji-sm
All the keys are locks
No lock is key
Some books are papers
Some rats are not cats
AEIO
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
All keys are locks
No lock is key
PREDICATESUBJECT
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
A + A A
A + E E
I + A I
I + E O
E + A O –ve
E + I O –ve
STATEMENT 1 STATEMENT 2 CONCLUSION
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
Some green are hats
All hats are small Ok
All Sharp are knives
No forks are Sharp Interchange
All trees are tall All poles are Tall
All trees are small No trees are Tall
CONVERSION And IMMEDIATE INFERENCESyllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
How To Derive Conclusion from A Single Statement ?
Statement Immediate inference(Im) Conversion(C)
A I I
E O E
I X I
O X X
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
Statement (A)
All red are carpets
Conclusions:
Some red are carpets (Im)
Some carpets are red ( C)
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
Statement (E)
No Sky is blue
Conclusions:
Some Sky are not blue (Im)
No blue is Sky ( C)
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
Statement (I)
Some green are oceans
Conclusions:
X (Im)
Some oceans are green( C)
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
Statements –
Some students are smart
All Smart are hardworking
Conclusions
(i) Some students are hardworking.
(ii) Some Smart are hardworking.
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
Statements
(I) Some students are smart
(A) All Smart are hardworking
I + A = I
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
A + A A
A + E E
I + A I
I + E O
E + A O Reverse
E + I O Reverse
STATEMENT 1 STATEMENT 2 CONCLUSION
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
CHART 1
Some students are Smart
All Smart are hardworking
Some students are hardworking
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
CHART 2Required to derive Conclusion from A Single
Statement ?
Statement Immediate Conversion(C)
inference(Im)
A I I
E O E
I no conclusion I
O no conclusion no conclusion
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
CONCLUDED STATEMENT:
Some students are hardworking
Some hardworking are students (C)
Conclusion from Single Statement:
Some Smart are students
Some smart are hardworking (Im)
Some hardworking are smart (C)
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
Statements : All windows are doors.
No door is wall.
Conclusions : I. No window is wall
II. No wall is door.
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
All windows are doors. (A)No door is wall. (E)
No Window is WallSome windows are not wallsNo wall is windowSome windows are doorsSome doors are windowsSome doors are not wallsNo wall is door
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
When to INTERCHANGEGiven :
Now we need to change A+I is not a valid case and as we know after interchange the the case becomes I+A and subject-predicate combination will also be in valid form i.e P(1)=S(2). So possible conclusion can we derived as of the case given after interchange.
All currents are DC (A)
Some AC are Currents (I)
Case is A+I and it’s a Invalid case looking into charts
Now we need to INTERCHANGE and the statement become
Some AC are Currents (I)
All currents are DC (A)
Now it becomes I+A thus conclusion of relation is possible:=
Some AC are CurrentsAll currents are DC
Possible conclusions:
Some AC are DC
Some currents are AC
Some currents are DC
Some DC are Currents
Some DC are AC
If these are in options in question paper then mark them as answers.
When NOT to INTERCHANGEGiven :
Now we need to change A+I is not a valid case and as we know after interchange the the case becomes I+A and BUT in this case subject-predicate combination will also be invalid form i.e P(1) not equals S(2). So possible conclusion cannot be using the two statements . Here we have to derive conclusion from single statement in chart 2.
All DC are current (A)
Some current are AC (I)
Case is A+I and it’s a Invalid case looking into chart 1,
Now if we INTERCHANGE, the statement become
Some current are AC (I)
All DC are current (A)
Now it becomes I+A thus but predicate(1) not equal to Sub(2) .
So conclusion will be derived from give conclusion individually.
Some current are AC (I)All DC are current (A)
Possible conclusions:
Some AC are current
Some DC are currentIf these are in options in question paper then
mark them as answers.
O REVERSE CASE
E+A=O reverse
E+I = O reverseSyllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
E+A= O reverse
No man is wise (E)
All wise are helpful (A)
Some helpful are not men (only conclusion)
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
E+I= O reverse
No man is wise (E)
Some wise are helpful (I)
Some helpful are not men (only conclusion)
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931
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deepak.sharma.at8@gmail.com
Syllogism- deepak Sir@9478881931