Post on 01-Dec-2014
description
iceTag ontology
Speech acts meet tagging:
Alexandre Monnin, Freddy Limpens,David Laniado, Fabien Gandon(@aamonnz, twitter, slideshare)
VoCamp Nice 2009
what is a tag?received wisdom says "it denotes a concept"
examples…
☺
not quite!
A typed link?
<a href=http://technorati.com/tag/tech rel="tag">tech</a>
<a href> + URI + microformat rel=“tag” + label
Hum… no!
<a href=http://technorati.com/tag/tech rel="tag">fish</a>
“the author indicates that the page (or some portion of the page) has
the tag "tech". The linked page SHOULD exist, and it is the linked
page, rather than the link text, that defines the tag. The last path
component of the URL is the text of the tag, so would indicate the
tag "tech" rather than "fish.”
(Tantek Celik)
Hum… no!
<a href=http://technorati.com/tag/tech rel="tag">fish</a>
The choice of the label is of no importance the tags are already defined collectively… before the act of tagging even took place!
But how and by whom? Described this way, the process is turned upside down. Tagging precedes folksonomy, not the contrary.
a blank (inscribable) spaceon a material device,
and the inscription it receives
tags:
a blank (inscribable) space
on an informational network(and the inscription it receives)
a label and a URI/resource•reference to a resource (label)•access to its representation or to a community tag (URI)
tags:
http://www.flickr.com/2327219507/
And a string!
tags take on manifold formscurrent models assign a fixed form to tags but
capture different tag usagescomment, sort, diffuse, describe, rate, ...
bridge existing modelsNewman’s Tag Ontology, Tagont, SCOT, SIOC,
MOAT, NAO, UTO,…
model different tag dimensionssubject, sign, relation, …
named graphsto embody social acts, communicate assertional intent
[Carroll et al. 2005]
“nature”
(1) (2) (3)
three parts in a tagat least
a link between a resource and a signa tag is
“nature”
(1) (2) (3)
three degrees of libertyat least
“nature”
(1) (2) (3)
“nature”picture shows
“england”place located
☺editing makes me
Is tagging just another form of
annotation?
The Web as a plateform has its own specifities and tagging being first born on the should be understood accordingly.
(Scott Bradley) http://zope.cetis.ac.uk/member/scott/blogview?entry=20061117121859
… any new medium contains whithin it the characteristics of an older medium, obscuring what really new (…) Tagging, as phenomena, contains the existing medium of classification [replace with annotation, indexing, categorization, etc.], but it is its extension to far greater ratios of massification which makes it a new medium entirely. More really is different.
And as we all know it
the Web is all about…
Porn
R-E-S-S-O-U-R-C-E-S !!!
identify the subjectIRW: physical entity resource, web resource, conceptual resource…
“nature”
(1)
Halpin & Presutti (2009)
sub-properties of isRelatedTo= open to any available RDF property
“nature”
(2)
extension of Golder & Huberman (2006), Sen et al.(2006)
different signssymbol (text, URI), icon,…
“nature”
(3)
captured/encapsulated in a named graphtag actions
“nature”
http://.../tag23
Carroll et al. (2005)
How to do things with tags?
Speech acts.
How to do things with words?
Tag actions.
Action nt:TagAction nt:isRelatedTo
Point/Designate nt:PointAt nt:hasPart
Grant/Deny access rights tont:GrantAccessRights
To
nt:canBeReadBy
(etc.)
Aggregate nt:Aggregatent:hasCommunityTag
nt:hasPersonalSign
Share Nt:Share nt:sentTo
Assert nt:Assert
nt:isAbout,
nt:isRelevantToSo,
nt:isRelevantToSt
nt:hasForMedium
Evaluate nt:Evaluate nt:isWorth
Set a task nt:SetTask nt:elicitsAction
Express an emotion nt:ExpressEmotion nt:makesMeFeel
Ask a question nt:Asknt:raisesQuestionAbo
ut
Such tag actions bear the mark of thetechnological mediation of the Web. It thusbecomes more accurate to describe the :Send
tag action as involving a sioc:UserAccount
rather than to a person the way it is traditionallyconceived).
Compared to traditional speech acts, whethergrounded ontologically (as in Adolf Reinach,founding father of speech acts) or not, this bringsa lot of changes in the way we understand them.
describe the tag actionas any other resource
“nature”
http://.../tag23sioc:has_creator
dc:date
sioc:container
#buttersg88
http://www.flickr.com
11/03/2008
even type the tag action
“nature”
http://.../tag23rdf:type
nt:ManualTag
TagAction
ManualTagAction AutoTagAction MachineTagAction IndividualTagAction CollectiveTagAction
sioc:Item rdfg:Graph
choose any existing modelSCOT, SIOC, MOAT, IRW, NAO, ES, Tagora, UTO,
CommonTag, Newman's Tag Ontology, Tagont…
#nature
http://.../tag23 …
scot:hasTag
RDF Source declaration1. <irw:WebResource rdf:about ='http://flickr.com/xyz'
2. cos:graph='http://mysocialsi.te/tag#7182904'>
3. <nicetag:isAbout>improvisation</nicetag:isAbout>
4. </irw:WebResource>
5. <nicetag:ManualTagAction
rdf:about ='http://mysocialsi.te/tag #7182904'>
6. <dc:creator>Fabien Gandon</dc:creator>
7. <dc:date>2009-10-07T19:20:30.45+01:00</dc:date>
8. </nicetag:ManualTag>
SPARQL all the manual tags1. SELECT ?t ?a ?g WHERE {
2. GRAPH ? tag { ?t ?a ?g }
3. ?tag rdf:type nicetag:ManualTagAction }
rdf:about = 'http:// flickr.com/xyz'
http://flickr.com/xyz/
<irw:WebResource rdf:about ='http://flickr.com/xyz'
cos:graph='http://mysocialsi.te/tag#7182904'>
<nicetag:isAbout>improvisation</nicetag:isAbout>
</irw:WebResource>
This URI…
• Gives access to an image on Flickr irw:givesAccessTo
• identifies a resource whose (private) nature is set by the owner of the URI that identifies it irw:identifies
• Allows to refer to whatever I want (including a plurality of things at once: from a single resource/URI, I may tag a photo and then a landscape…)
irw:refersTo
SPARQL request on manual tags 1. SELECT ?t ?a ?g WHERE {
2. GRAPH ? tag { ?t ?a ?g }
3. ?tag rdf:type nicetag:ManualTagAction }
summarytag actions as typed & named graphs + ontology
signhttp://...
rdf:type
…
…
nt:TagAction
…
…
resource RELATION
cn e
t ga
i
http://ns.inria.fr/nicetag/2009/09/25/voc#
dereferenceablenamespace
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