Post on 15-Nov-2021
Smart Classroom using Arduino with Internet of
Thing (IoT)
AINAA ATHIRAH BINTI ABDULLAH
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE COMPUTER
(COMPUTER NETWORK SECURITY)
UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN
2018
Smart Classroom using Arduino with Internet of Thing
(IoT)
AINAA ATHIRAH BINTI ABDULLAH
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE COMPUTER
(COMPUTER NETWORK SECURITY)
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
MAY 2018
i
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this report is based on my original work except for quotations
and citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been
previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal
Abidin or other institutions.
________________________________
Name : .AINAA ATHIRAH ABDULLAH
Date : ..................................................
ii
CONFIRMATION
This is to confirm that the project of Smart Classroom using Arduino with Internet of
Thing (IoT) was prepared and submitted by Ainaa Athirah binti Abdullah(Matric
Number: BTBL15041534) and has been found satisfactory in terms scope, quality and
presentation as partial fulfilment of the requirement for the bachelor of Computer
science (Computer Network Security) with Honour in University Sultan Zainal
Abidin.
The research conducted and the writing of this report was under my supervison.
________________________________
Supervisor: Prof. Dr Mohd Nordin Abdul Rahman
Date : ..................................................
iii
DEDICATION
First of all, all praised to Allah, the most Gracious and most Merciful for giving me
the opportunity to undergo this final year project Smart Classroom using Arduino with
Internet of Thing (IoT).
I would like to thank my family, my parents and to my brothers and sister for
supporting me spiritually and giving me strength throughout writing this thesis and my
life in general.
I also would like to thank my supervisor Prof. Dr Mohd Nordin Abdul Rahman for
giving me help and support throughout this project. I also would like to thank my
fellow friends that had always with me during hard times and helping me in finishing
this project. I also want to express my gratitude to my other lectures that have help me
in completing my project.
Last but not the least I would like to thank my friends for giving me help, advices,
guidance as well as suggestion for my project.
iv
ABSTRACT
This project is about the motion detection using Passive Infra-Red sensor (PIR).
This project is aim to build a sensor system which is transmit and receive the signal in
wirelessly.
Besides that, it also acted as an auto power switching system. When the sensor
is triggered, the signal will transmit wirelessly to take further action. For this project, I
will relate this sensor system with an auto power light switching system. Which mean
when the sensor is triggered, light in a room will automatically switch ON or OFF.
For this project I will used Arduino with PIR motion sensor as it is much cheaper and
more easier to manage and control compare to other hardware sensor.
The main function of this project is tending to switch ON or OFF the light
automatically based on the motion detection. I have done few researches from the
internet and also consult the lectures to decide the tools and equipment needed for this
project. The Arduino PIR sensor software is the main software in this project because
it controls all the basic operations.
v
ABSTRAK
Projek ini adalah berkaitan dengan pengesanan gerakan menggunakan sensor
Passive Infra-Red (PIR). Projek ini adalah bertujuan untuk membina sistem sensor
yang menghantar dan menerima isyarat tanpa menggunakan wayar.
Selain itu, ia juga bertindak sebagai sistem penukaran kuasa auto. Apabila sensor
dicetuskan, isyarat akan dihantar tanpa perlu menggunakan wayar. Untuk projek
ini, saya akan mengaitkan sistem sensor ini dengan sistem penukaran cahaya auto
kuasa. Maksudnya apabila sensor dicetuskan, cahaya di dalam bilik akan bertukar
ON atau OFF secara automatik. Untuk projek ini saya akan menggunakan Arduino
dengan sensor gerak PIR kerana ia jauh lebih murah dan lebih mudah untuk diurus
dan dikawal berbanding dengan jenis sensor lain.
Fungsi utama projek ini adalah untuk menghidupkan atau mematikan cahaya
secara automatik berdasarkan pengesanan gerakan. Saya telah melakukan
beberapa penyelidikan dari internet dan juga merujuk beberapa pensyarah kuliah
untuk menentukan peralatan dan peralatan yang diperlukan untuk projek ini.
Perisian sensor Arduino PIR adalah perisian utama dalam projek ini kerana ia
mengawal semua operasi asas.
vi
CONTENTS
PAGE
DECLARATION i
CONFIRMATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ABSTRACT iv
ABSTRAK v
CONTENTS vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF FIGURES xvi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background Introduction 1-2
1.2 Objectives 3
1.3 Problem Statements 3-4
1.4 Project’s Scope 5
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction 6
2.2 Internet of Things (IoT) 6-7
2.3 Pyroelectric Infrared Sensors 7-8
2.4 PIR Sensors-Based Application for smart
environments
9
2.5 Related Works 9-10
2.6 Summary of the Related Articles 11-15
2.7 Summary 16
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 17
3.2 Analysis Study & Research Paradigm Justification 18-20
3.3 Project Development Design and Development 19
3.3.1 Project Development Methodology 19-20
vii
3.3.2 Internal Architecture for Arduino 21
3.3.3 Arduino’s Development Cycle 22
3.3.4 Data Flow Diagram 23
3.3.5 Project Development Flow Chart 24
3.3.6 Project Testing 25-27
3.4 Software and Hardware Requirements 27-28
3.5 Framework 28-30
3.6 Summary 31
REFERENCES 33
viii
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE
PAGE
2.6 Summary of the Related Articles 11-15
ix
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE
3.3.1 First figure in chapter 3 20
3.3.3 Second figure in chapter 3 22
3.3.4 Third figure in chapter 3 23
3.3.5 Fourth figure in chapter 3 24
3.3.6 Fifth figure in chapter 3 25
3.5 Sixth figure in chapter 3 28
3.5 Seventh figure in chapter 3 29
x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / TERMS / SYMBOLS
DFD Data Flow Diagram
FYP Final year project
IoT Internet of Things
PIR Passive Infra-red Sensor
xi
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX TITLE PAGE
A Gantt chart 32
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
This project is called “motion detection using Internet of Things (IoT). The main
reason for this project is to sense a human motion and then transmit the signal
wirelessly using a sensor. However, this project will relate to auto power ON light
and light system. When the sensor senses a human motion in the sensor’s detection
area, sensor will be triggered and then the room’s light will automatically switch ON.
Light and fan will automatically OFF when the sensor cannot detect any motion in the
room. As long as PIR sensor does not detect motion in the detection area, light will
not functioning. Once the sensor is triggered, system will have around 2 minutes to
run the function. After 30 minutes and sensor does not detect any motion, lights will
be switched OFF automatically.
Pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensors are well-known occupancy detectors. They have
been widely employed for human tracking systems, due to their low cost and power
consumption, small form factor and modest and privacy-preserving interaction. In
particular, a dense array of PIR sensors having digital output and the modulated
2
visibility of Fresnel lenses can provide capabilities for tracking human motion,
identifying walking subject and counting people entering or leaving the entrance of a
room or building. PIR sensors are widely used as a simple, but reliable, presence
trigger for alarms, and automatic lighting systems.
When the sensor can detect the movement, the data will be sent immediately to
the cloud based web. Motion detection is a system that uses infrared radiation as a
mechanism. This PIR sensor uses the timer mode as a tool for calculating a certain
time and it can thus turn on light automatically for a certain period of time when a
person is in sensor monitoring. The resulting switch works automatically and it differs
from the current switches that most of them work manually. Working manual
switches, it is less user-friendly if you want to switch on the switch in dark and hard-
to-reach.
The switch will be generated using an infrared sensor that can detect the movement
of an object that crosses the sensor's surveillance and it operates automatically. In
addition, this lamp switch reduces maintenance costs as well as existing lighting
switches that require manpower to switch on switches, which often cause damage as
they are often used.
3
1.2 OBJECTIVES
1. To build a sensor system that can transmit and receive signal wirelessly.
2. To design and improve new lighting control system using Internet of Things (IoT)
3. To analyze data about the number of people that can be detected.
1.3 Problem Statement
Nowadays excessive and uncontrolled use of electricity have becomes one of the
source of increasing monthly bill payments. This is why there is an initiative in
improving the existing wiring system to more systematic and user-friendly. Today's
switchgear switches are seen as the cause of user negligence resulting in an increase in
electricity and unexpected events.
4
This problem often happens and we can relate it to what happen around us. For
example in classrooms the students often forgets to OFF the lights when they exits the
class. With this system, users do not have to turn ONN or OFF the light manually.
Once motion is detected the lights will automatically ONN by itself. The same thing
goes when no movement or motion is detected within the allocated time, the lights
will OFF automatically.
Besides that, people start to find more easier or convenient solution in daily life.
Wireless technology is popular nowadays because it is convenient, easier to construct,
and save cost. User can get the signal in the long range without wiring. With wireless,
they can save cost and easy to change the location of the devices without rewiring.
They also can access to this system anytime. Moreover, this system is easy to build
and configure.
5
1.4 Project’s Scope
i. Motion detector
Motion detector is use to detect moving objects or in this project people. The
sensor can only detect the range distance that has been allocated. So for this project,
the detection area to trigger the sensor is set to range within 1 meter range.
ii. Transmit and receive signal wirelessly
The signal that transfer to the receiver is wireless. Since it is only use in the room,
the range does not need to be very wide. Therefore, the range wireless device to
transmit the signal only need up to 100-150 meters only.
iii. Power Supply
Power supply that needed for this project is low since all the component or
equipment only need low voltage to operate. So to avoid the high voltage that will
cause wasted power supply or accident like spoilt circuit to happen.
6
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This chapter will explain about the literature review for this project briefly. This
chapter will discuss about the concept, theory, perspective and the method that will be
used in order to finish this project. Besides that, related works with
PIR sensor also will be discussed.
2.2 Internet of Things (IoT)
In the beginning, the Internet was only designed for communication in which
computers could access websites, download content or communicate with other users.
However, technologies evolve creating more powerful devices, faster and with more
capabilities. Advances in electronics technology are also creating smaller devices with
low power consumption which means that large networks of sensors can be created,
with the ability to obtain information, process it and act accordingly. Here it is how
the idea of the Internet of Things arises. Under this term, computers and technologies
7
are around users without noticing their presence, being able to cooperate and adapt
their behaviors to the environment and enabling users to interact with technology
without interfering with their everyday life. In this sense, the concept of computer as
hardware device is diluted to integrate connected devices around and in cooperation
with users’ daily life. This research group was created with the idea of developing
another emerging and innovative technology, RFID codes, and the belief that thoughts
ideas and knowledge information are important and things and objects are crucial.
However, the information we have today depends heavily on the data generated by
users in their interactions with objects. When the term the Internet of Things appeared
it was done under the premise that if there were devices with the capacity to know
everything about such objects or things. From all the data previously gathered we
would be able to track and control everything and to know when things need to
change.
2.3 Pyroelectric Infrared Sensors
Sensing systems for human movement detection and identification collect a raw
data set from the human body and extract distinguishable features to recognize the
principal context that we mentioned previously: the object location, the direction of
8
the movement, the speed of the movement and the identity of the object. Numerous
sensing systems have been studied using various sensors, including cameras, motion
sensors, pressure pads, radars, electric field sensors. Among them, in this paper, we
focus on pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensors as sensing systems to detect human body
movement in an indoor environment. PIR sensors are well known and have been
widely used as a simple, but powerful presence trigger for alarms, such as surveillance
systems and automatic lighting control. In particular, PIR sensors could address the
invasion of privacy issues raised by the use of camera-based surveillance systems.
What more presented an extensive survey on the technology of pyroelectric materials,
devices and its potential applications. PIR sensors belong to the class of thermal IR
detectors, voltage change-thermoelectrical conversion, and use materials having a
pyroelectric effect, which is spontaneously polarized in the crystal structure. Although
PIR sensors have been commonly used as simple presence triggers using digital
output, the analog output signal of PIR sensors depends on several aspects, including
the direction and speed of a moving object, the distance of the body from the PIR
sensor, the body shape and the presence of multiple people.
9
2.4 PIR Sensors-Based Application for smart environments
PIR sensors usually are used with a variety of sensors in various applications for
building smart environments, such as healthcare, smart energy system and security.
Han et al in their article presented an occupancy and indoor environment quality
sensing method based on a suite of sensors, including PIR sensors, CO2 sensors,
humidity sensors and concentration sensors. Tsai et al. proved a way of reducing the
standby power consumption of lighting devices based on a PIR sensor, an ambient
light sensor and lighting duration modules. This capability of PIR sensor-based
occupancy and motion detection for diverse application domains provided the
motivation for this research into the feasibility of a human movement detection system
using various features extracted from the PIR sensor signal.
2.5 Related Works
Tracking Motion Direction and Distance With Pyroelectric IR Sensors
Piero Zappi, Elisabetta Farella, and Luca Benini, Fellow, IEEE
The PIR sensors are widely used in surveillance systems and automatic light
switching systems as simple but reliable triggers. They also have shown promising
10
capabilities as low-cost camera enhancers in video surveillance systems. The work of
Rajgarhia et al. uses PIR sensors in conjunction with cameras to address privacy
issues. PIR sensors are deployed in private rooms while cameras in public areas.
Human tracking is performed by correlating information from the two systems. This
paper demonstrates the benefits of reducing camera deployment in favour of PIR
sensors. In fact, a survey on 60 people highlights how motion sensors are considered
less invasive for people privacy than cameras. In Bai and Teng, the design of a board
for home surveillance is proposed. The board includes an ARM processor together
with a Web camera and a PIR sensor. The latter triggers the Web camera in presence
of an intruder in order to capture and send to a remote server the snapshot. Cucchiara
et al. propose a technique to fuse information from a dense network of PIR sensors
with the video streaming from a set of cameras to improve consistent labeling of
people moving within the AoI. PIR sensors detect people presence and their direction
of movement, and these features help distinguish reflections and changes of
movement behind obstacles.
11
2.6 Summary of the Related Articles
Title, author Year of publish Summary
Human Movement
Detection and
Identification Using
Pyroelectric Infrared
Sensors
Jaesok Yun* and
Sang-Shin Lee
2014
Yun and Sang proposed to use PIR
sensors conjunction with Fresnel
lenses to shape their field of view.
Fresnel lenses can be manufactured
by molding plastic materials
having transmission characteristics
appropriate for a particular
wavelength range, the human body
(8–14m) instead of using multi-
zone Fresnel lenses mainly
employed in traditional intruder
detection systems , we used single-
zone Fresnel lenses, IML-0637,
from Murata Manufacturing Co.
As presented in, they assume that
by narrowing the field of view of
PIR sensors to its horizontal
motion plane aligned with the
12
sensing elements, the signal
captured from walking in the other
directions could be reduced, and
this would help in distinguishing
the walking direction aligned with
the sensing elements from the other
directions, thus improving
recognition accuracy. In conclusion
through this paper, Yun and Sang
have presented a human movement
detecting system based on
pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensors
and machine learning technologies
for classifying the direction of
movement, the distance of the body
from the PIR sensors, the speed of
movement during two-way, back-
and-forth walking and identifying
the walking subject.
13
An Energy Efficient Power
Usage Controlling and
monitoring Using Wireless
Sensor Network
V.V.Murali Krishna* and
T.Anuradha
2016 In this paper, V.V.Murali and
T.Anuradha proposed in main
system, having user terminal and
ZigBee module connected to
computer through ART (Universal
Asynchronous Receive
/Transmitter) port. If any person
presented in the room then only
takes the light intensity and
temperature and depending upon
the present temperature light
intensity only the lights and fans
will turn ON and turn OFF. Present
power displayed on LCD status
number of persons present, lights,
fans, in individual rooms is
displayed clearly on PC through
visual basic platform. Power usage
bill displayed on monitoring
section and able to send bill to
14
customer through SMS using GSM
technology, depending on the
persons presented in the room the
fan speed will changing. In
conclusion the author want to
proposed that by using centralized
controlling points, we able to
monitor and controlling it much
more easier and much more simple.
A Survey of Human-
Sensing:
Methods for Detecting
Presence, Count, Location,
Track, and Identity
Thiago Teixeira et al
2010
Throughout this paper, Thiago
Teixera et al discuss about the
major obstacles and noise sources
that make human-sensing as a
challenging task. Common
obstacles, irrespective of sensing
modality can be grouped into six
broad classes (Sensing noises,
Environmental variations,
Similarity to background signal,
Appearance variability and
15
unpredictability, similarity to other
people, and Active deception. They
also classify on how the process of
extracting any information
regarding the people in some
environment (Presence, Count,
Location, Track and identity. The
paper also proposed about the
Human Traits Classification. They
described about several traits
(Static, and Intrinsic traits, internal
organs, dynamic, and Intrinsic
Traits and Extrinsic Traits). In
conclusion, in this paper, Thiago
Teixeira et al have surveyed the
existing methods to acquire such
information, and classified them
according to taxonomy of human-
sensing.
16
2.7 Summary
In conclusion, this chapter will focus on the study of the related articles or past
research about Arduino and Internet of Things (IoTs). Furthermore, this chapter also
focus more about the development of the related projects also come out with new
application that will benefits to all users.
17
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
To have buildings that are able to adapt to the user needs and at the same time to
operate efficiently, it is essential to know the activity the people are performing.
Presence sensors, which are widely deployed in modern buildings, attempt to regulate
lighting to the presence of people in indoor spaces. Though, much more in terms of
comfort and energy efficiency can be achieved if more detailed information on the
activity of the users is detected sensors are widely used as a presence trigger, but the
analog output of PIR sensors depends on several other aspects, including the distance
of the body from the PIR sensor, the direction and speed of movement, the body shape
and gait.
18
3.2 Analysis Study & Research Paradigm Justification
In order to develop this project, there are four stages that involves in research
paradigm and all these stages are related to each other. The four stages are as
followed:
1. Feasibility Study
During this stage, a research is carried out to find the impact of positive and
negative. The information such as objective, scope and problem statement was
identified after doing some research by reviewing few related articles or reports that
relate to the projects. Then a proposal was prepared and it was proposed according to
the investigation done. The final result shown that Smart Classroom to be develop due
to the energy consumption problems.
2. Data Collection and Gathering
In this stage, all the related data was collected through some method of data
collection techniques, which are reading articles, reports and journals. After reviewed
of information collected, the method that is suitable for this project is Internet of
Things (IoT). Therefore, this method will be implemented in this project.
19
3. Framework design Stage
For this stage, framework is design as well as prototyping of the system. A
framework will describe about the collection of classes or tools that will be used to
help in developing the system.
4. Evaluation Stage
During this stage, all unit and sub modules will be tested before system integration
process. This is important as it is needed to ensure that the system for the project will
function as expected and meet the project requirement.
3.3 Project Design and Development
3.3.1 Project Development Methodology
For this project, Rapid Application Development (RAD) system will be used. RAD
is a new and highly interactive systems development approach that arose from 1990s.
Furthermore, RAD is a concept that can develop faster and higher quality products. In
addition, RAD also attempts to solve both weakness of the structured development
methodologies, which are long development time and difficulty in understanding a
system solely based on paper description. RAD methodologies adjust the Systems
20
Development Life Cycle (SDLC) phases to develop some parts of the system quickly.
The advantage of this approach is to get the users to better understand the system
through interactive and simultaneous revisions which can bring the system closer to
what it needed.
Figure 1: Project Development phased
21
3.3.2 Internal Architecture for Arduino
Program Memory is where all commands, written by users are stored at. Next is
Register. Register function is to determine what action the microcontroller takes in
reference to the program command. RAM role is to store data of any actions
temporarily. The next one is EEPROM. EEPROM is where the data is retaining even
after power is switched-off. Lastly, Ports. Ports are the bidirectional pins of Input and
Output.
Program
Memory
Register
RAM
EEPROM
PORTS
22
3.3.3 Arduino’s Development Cycle
Figure 2: Arduino’ Development cycle
Edit
Edit
Compile Run
Finish
Upload
23
3.3.4 Data Flow Diagram
Figure 3: Data Flow Diagram
24
3.3.5 Project Development Flow Chart
Figure 4: Project Development Flowchart
25
3.3.6 Project Testing
Figure 5: Example of Arduino
Arduino motion sensor or often referred to as PIR, "Passive Infrared",
"Pyroelectric", or "IR motion" sensors are the sensors that allow you to sense motion,
almost always used to detect whether a human has moved in or out of the sensors
range. They are small, inexpensive, low-power, easy to use and don't wear out. For
that reason they are commonly found in appliances and gadgets used in homes or
businesses.
Most PIR modules have a 3-pin connection at the side or bottom. The pinout may
vary between modules so triple-check the pinout! It's often silkscreened on right next
26
to the connection. One pin will be ground, another will be signal and the final one will
be power. Power is usually 3-5VDC input but may be as high as 12V. Sometimes
larger modules don't have direct output and instead just operate a relay in which case
there is ground, power and the two switch connections.
The output of some relays may be 'open collector’, that means it requires a pull up
resistor. If the variable output are not available, be sure to try attaching a 10K pull up
between the signal and power pins. .
An easy way of prototyping with PIR sensors is to connect it to a breadboard since
the connection port is 0.1" spacing. By soldering in 0.1" right angle header, a PIR is
easily installed into a breadboard.
Once the PIR had wired up, it’s a good idea to do a simple test to verify that it
works the way it supposed to work. This test is also good for range testing. Simply
connect 3-4 alkaline batteries and connect ground to the - pin on your PIR. Power
goes to the + pin. Then connect a basic red LED (red LEDs have lower forward
27
voltages than green or blue so they work better with only the 3.3v output) and a 220
ohm resistor (any value from 100 ohm to 1.0K ohm will do fine) to the out pin as
shown. Of course, the LED and resistor can swap locations as long as the LED is
oriented connection and connects between out and ground.
3.4 Software and Hardware Requirements
The requirement of hardware and software are the most important for this project as it
will lead to the successful of this project. Without software and hardware requirement,
this project cannot be accomplished.
3.4.1 Software Requirements
Software requirement for this project are :
1. Microsoft Office 2013
2. Microsoft PowerPoint 2013
3. Arduino Sketch 1.8.5
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3.4.2 Hardware Requirement
Hardware requirement for this project are :
1. Acer Aspire E 14
2. Arduino Uno Rev3-Main Board
3. USB B-Type Cable
4. Breadboard (Small)
5. LED 3mm (Green, Red, Yellow)
6. Resistor 0.25W 5% (220Ω, 10kΩ)
7. Male to Male Jumper Wire
8. Motion detector sensor
9. Wifi Shield
3.5 Framework
(Figure 6)
29
When a crossing or human presence is detected within the allocated distance, the
sensor send the signal to the switch ON the light. Also when the sensor cannot detect
any motion within the allocated time which is 30 minutes, the switch will
automatically turn OFF.
(Figure 7)
The architecture of the proposed system is divided into three layers (Figure 7):
Sensor Layer, the Coordinator Layer and the Supervision Layer. At Sensor Layer,
each time the sensor detect any movement, it will automatically send the data to the
cloud based web service. The Sensor Layer consists of sensors that interact with the
environment. Every sensor was integrated with end device. For this project we will
use Arduino Uno as the sensor that will be equipped with a motion sensor. The End
Devices will form a Mesh network and send the information gathered by the sensors
30
to the Coordinator Layer through the sink node called the base station. The base
station usually consists of Arduino Uno with GPS, Wi-Fi also Ethernet shield or other
suitable devices.
The Coordination Layer is responsible for the management of the data received
from the sensor network. It temporarily stores the gathered data into buffer and sends
it to the Supervision layer at predefined intervals. In this project, I will use Ethernet
Shield. The Arduino Ethernet Shield allows an Arduino Board to connect to the
internet, thus enables it to send data stored to the cloud server.
Finally, the Supervision Layer accommodates the base station with a Web server to
connect and publish the sensor data on the Internet. This layer stores the sensor data in
a database and also offers a Web interface for the end users to manage the sensor data
and generate statistics. For the Supervision Layer, we have used Open.sen.se HTTP
Service which provides a REST based API to publish and access the sensor data.
Thus, allowing existing networks to be connected into other applications with minimal
changes. Open.Sen.se offers a graphical interface for real-time monitoring of systems
using info graphic data streams and to retrieve the sensor values using device type and
timestamp. Alerts can also be automatically generated to notify the user each time if
the desired event has been sensed by the domain rules programmed in the base station.
31
3.6 Summary
In conclusion, this chapter describe about the methodology for this project. Besides
that, the requirement of the software and hardware that needed for this project also has
been listed in this chapter.
32
Gantt chart
month February March April May
task 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Final Year Project
Topic Discussion and Determination
Project Title Proposal
Proposal Writing - introduction
Proposal Writing - Literature Review
Preparation for FYP presentation and slide
Proposal Presentation 1
Proposal
Writing -Research
Methodology
Proposal
Writing -framework
Final
Preparation For proposal
presentation
Proposal
Presentation 2
Report
Submission
33
REFERENCES
Piero Zappi, Elisabetta Farella, and Luca Benini, Fellow, Tracking Motion
Direction and Distance with Pyroelectric IR Sensors, VOL. 10, NO. 9,
SEPTEMBER 2010
Mr. Rahul Mishra, Dr. Shelej Khera, Mr. Manoj Kumar, Mr. Vikrant Verma,
Sensor Based Lighting Control System for Energy Efficient Building Environment
Using Real-Time Occupancy Measurements, Volume--9 •• Number--2 June --Dec
2017 pp.. 54—56
V. V. Murali Krishna* and T. Anuradha, An Energy Efficient Power Usage
Controlling and Monitoring using Wireless Sensor Network, Vol 9(17), DOI:
10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i17/93007, May 2016
Daniel Palma, Juan Enrique Agudo *, Héctor Sánchez and Miguel Macías Macías,
An Internet of Things Example: Classrooms Access Control over Near Field
Communication, 2014, 14
Rajeev Piyare1 and Seong Ro Lee, Towards Internet of Things(IoT) Integration
of Wireless Sensor Network to Cloud Service Data Collection and Sharing,
International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC) Vol.5,
No.5, September 2013