Risk Assessment

THE PROCESS EXPLAINED

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Why a Risk Assessment?

Management at work Regs. 92 Increases Awareness of Workplace

Hazards Provides opportunity to identify and

control workplace hazards Can lead to increased productivity May prevent an Injury or Illness

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

What is PPE?

Equipment worn by an employee that is designed to prevent injury or illness

from a specific hazard.

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Before PPE

Administrative Controls– Change Work Practices– Change Hazardous Duties– Cease Hazardous Duties

Engineering Controls– Sound insulation– Guards– Tools

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Administrative Changes ! For Example.... Vs

Working off Ladder Oil based paint Sand blasting in

booth Jackhammering Gloved hand

Working off Scaffold Water based paint Sand blasting in

cabinet Hole Ram Hot Sticks

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Engineering Controls

Machine Guards Sound deadening/dampening Shielding

Controlling Hazards

PPE devices alone should not be relied on to provide protection against hazards, but should be

used in conjunction with guards, engineering controls, and sound

work practices .

Assessment and SelectionIt is necessary to consider certain general

guidelines for assessing the foot, head, eye and face, and hand hazard situations that exist in an occupational operation or process, and

to match the protective devices to the particular hazard. It is the responsibility of the supervisor to exercise common sense

and appropriate expertise to accomplish these tasks.

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Assessment Guidelines.

Conduct a walk through survey of the areas in question. The purpose of the

survey (or field observation) is to identify sources of hazards to workers

and co workers.

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Hazard Sources sources of MOTION sources of EXTREME temperatures types of chemical exposures sources of harmful dust sources of light radiation sources of falling objects or potential for dropping objects sources of sharp objects sources or rolling or pinching objects layout of workplace and location of co workers any electrical hazards

In addition....

injury/ accident data should be reviewed to help identify problem

areas.

Organize data

Following the walkthrough survey, it is necessary to organize the data and information

for use in the assessment of hazards. The objective is to prepare for an analysis of the hazards in the environment to enable proper

selection of protective equipment.

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Analyze data Having gathered and organized data on a

workplace, an estimate of the potential for injuries should be made. Each of the basic hazards should be reviewed and a determination made as to the type, level of risk. and seriousness of potential injury from each of the hazards found in the area.

The possibility of exposure to several hazards simultaneously should be considered.

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Selection guidelines Become familiar with the potential hazards

and the type of protective equipment that is available, and what it can do; i.e.., splash protection, impact protection, etc..

Compare the hazards associated with the environment; i.e.., impact velocities, masses, projectile shape, radiation intensities, with the capabilities of the available protective equipment

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Selection guidelines (cont..)

Select the protective equipment which ensures a level of protection greater than the minimum required to protect employees from the hazards.

Fit the user with the protective device and give instructions on care and use of the PPE.

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Selection Note

It is very important that end users be made aware of all warning labels for and limitations of their PPE

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Reassessment of hazards

It is the responsibility of the supervisor to reassess the workplace hazard situation

as necessary, by identifying and evaluating new equipment and

processes, reviewing accident records, and reevaluating the suitability of

previously selected PPE

So how do I Do all This????

JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Job Safety Analysis

The breaking down into its component parts of any method or procedure to

determine the hazards connected with each key step and the requirements for

performing it safely.

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Job Safety Analysis Priorities

New JobsNew Jobs Severity PotentialSeverity Potential History of Disabling History of Disabling InjuriesInjuries

Frequency of AccidentsFrequency of Accidents

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Job Safety Analysis

Job means “task” (Changing a tyre not auto mechanic) “key” steps too detailed becomes cumbersome not enough detail becomes useless

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Break job down into key steps AVOID!!

making the breakdown so detailed That an unnecessarily large number of steps results

making the job breakdown so general that basic steps are not recorded

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Key Steps TOO MUCHChanging a Flat Tire

Pull off road Put car in “park” Set brake Activate emergency flashers Open door Get out of car Walk to trunk Put key in lock Open trunk Remove jack Remove Spare tire

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Key Steps NOT ENOUGHChanging a Flat Tire

Park car take off flat tire put on spare tire drive away

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Key Job Steps JUST RIGHTChanging a Flat tire

Park car, set brake remove jack & tire

from trunk loosen log nuts jack up car remove tire set new tire jack down car

tighten lug nuts store tire & jack

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Hazards

Parking Car– Struck by Traffic

Removing tire & jack– Back Strain– bang head on trunk

Loosen lug nuts– back/arm strain– slip & fall

Jacking up car– car could fall off jack

Setting new tire– fingers pinched– back strain

Tighten nuts– back strain– slip & fall

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Work Observation

Select experienced worker(s) who will cooperate and participate in the JSA process.

Explain purpose of JSA Observe the employee perform the job

and write down basic steps Completely describe each step Note deviations (Very Important!)

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Job Safety Analysis

PROTECTION

HAZARD

PROTECTION PROTECTION

HAZARD

KEY STEP

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Identify Hazards & Potential Accidents

Search for Hazards Produced by Work Produced by Environment Repeat job observation as many times

as necessary to identify all hazards

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Develop Solutions

Find a new way to do job Change physical conditions that create

hazards Change the work procedure Reduce frequency

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

New way to do job

Determine the work goal of the job, and then analyze the various ways of reaching this goal to see which way is safest.

Consider work saving tools and equipment.

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Change in physical conditions

Tools, materials, equipment layout or location

Study change carefully for other benefits (costs, time savings)

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Change in work procedures

What should the worker do to eliminate the hazard

How should it be done? Document changes in detail

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

Reduce frequency

What can be done to reduce the frequency of the job??

Identify parts that cause frequent repairs - change

Reduce vibration save machine parts

Graham Clarke, MIOSH, MIIRSM, (tech sp),

What effects??

A job that has been redesigned may affect other jobs or work processes.

Check or observe the new process once it has been redesigned