ASEAN Peatland Forests Project ASEAN Peatland Forests Project

(APFP)(APFP)

Regional Project

Executing Agency

Regional Collaboration for fire prevention and

sustainable management of peatlands in SE Asia

Faizal Parish, Chee Tong Yiew, and Chin Sing Yun

APFP Regional Project Executing Agency

International Conference on Wetland Forests

Brunei 22-23 March 2012

PresentationPresentation

�� Peatlands in Se AsiaPeatlands in Se Asia

�� Fire and hazeFire and haze

�� Brunei issuesBrunei issues

�� ASEAN responsesASEAN responses

�� Fire prediction and warningFire prediction and warning

�� Best management practicesBest management practices

�� CollaborationCollaboration

Peat Swamp Forest is the main Peat Swamp Forest is the main

wetland type in Se Asiawetland type in Se Asia

Kampar

Sumatra

Peatlands cover 25 million ha in Se Asia

RPEA

:ASEAN Peatland Forests Project (APFP)

Source: Sarvision

Peatlands provide water and prevent floods

Peatlands have high Biodiversity

People in Peat swamp Forest in PahangPeatlands Feed communities

Fishing, Pahang, MalaysiaSource: UNDP-GEF PSF Project

Peatlands support communities

Jelutong - Chewing Gum tree, Indonesia

CO2 CO2 CH4CH4

N O2ГВ

Peatlands regulate climate

.

Peatlands in SE asia store 70 billion tonnes of carbon twice as much as all forest biomass

PeatlandPeatland degradation and fires lead to GHG degradation and fires lead to GHG

emissions and hazeemissions and haze

Peatland fires lead to transboundary Smoke haze

MODIS image June 2005 -Red dots: firesCourtesy MODIS Rapid Response Team

© NASA TOMS1000 km

Smoke Haze is the most serious regional

environment problem in ASEAN

BadasBadas pipeline road, Bruneipipeline road, Brunei

Sand mining in peat Sand mining in peat -- SeriaSeria BypassBypass

TransboundaryTransboundary PeatlandPeatland

Institutional Frameworks Institutional Frameworks

developed by ASEAN Member developed by ASEAN Member

StatesStates

�� ASEAN Agreement on ASEAN Agreement on TransboundaryTransboundary HazeHaze

�� ASEAN ASEAN PeatlandPeatland Management Initiative Management Initiative

(APMI) & ASEAN (APMI) & ASEAN PeatlandPeatland Management Management

Strategy (APMS) 2006Strategy (APMS) 2006--20202020

�� National Action Plans on National Action Plans on PeatlandPeatland (NAP)(NAP)

��APMS identifies key actions related to APMS identifies key actions related to

integrated integrated peatlandpeatland management, fire management, fire

prevention, maintaining carbon stores and prevention, maintaining carbon stores and

minimizing GHG emissions.minimizing GHG emissions.

ASEAN ASEAN PeatlandPeatland Forest ProjectForest Project�� Support implementation of ASEAN Support implementation of ASEAN PeatlandPeatland

Management Strategy 2006Management Strategy 2006--2020 and 2020 and NAPsNAPs

�� Finance: IFADFinance: IFAD--GEF, coGEF, co--funding Governments, EUfunding Governments, EU

�� Development of pilot projects in 4 ASEAN countries Development of pilot projects in 4 ASEAN countries ––

Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Viet Nam; Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Viet Nam;

�� Brunei, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia and Brunei, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia and

Lao PDR involved in regional activitiesLao PDR involved in regional activities

�� Identification and promotion of BMP for Identification and promotion of BMP for peatlandpeatland

�� PeatlandPeatland Fire Prediction and warning systemFire Prediction and warning system

�� Promoting and demonstrating Promoting and demonstrating BMPsBMPs

�� Implemented 2009Implemented 2009--20142014

Development of the ASEAN Development of the ASEAN PeatlandPeatland Fire Prediction & Fire Prediction &

Warning System (Southern ASEAN Region)Warning System (Southern ASEAN Region)

ASEAN Peatland Forests Project (APFP)RPEA

:

Regional Peat Fire

Prediction & Warning

System

Fire Danger Rating System

– operated by Malaysian

Meteorological Department

Hotspot Monitoring –

operated by ASEAN

Specialised Meteorological

Centre

Maps of peat areas

and fire-prone

peat areas

oOverlay of

FDRS maps on

peatlands

oOverlay of

Hotspot maps

on peatlands

oAlert System

Disseminate to

end users

oWeb

oEmail

oSMS etc

Indosat - British TelecomFrame Relay

NMC

MelbourneRMC

Singapore

BMG VSAT

Link

Bawil I

Medan

Bawil IICiputat

Bawil III

Denpasar

Bawil IV

Ujung Pandang

Bawil VJayapura

RouterCisco 2611

Router

Cisco 2509

Telephone

Modem DOV

BMG LAN

BACKBONE

CCU1 STRATUS CUMULUS

Switch 100 mbps

MAIN DATA SERVERCMSS

CCU2

DATA ENTRY

Computer 2 Computer 3

Computer 1 Computer 4

Satellite

Satellite dish

Geostationary

Satellite (GMS)

Polar Orbiting

Satellite (NOAA)

Satellite

Aircraft

Weather Radar

AerosondeRadiosonde

Seawatch

Buoy

Shiping observation

Surface observation

station

WEATHER OBSERVATION

Automatic weather

Station (AWS)

Maritime

observation

Satellite Control

Station

Rainfall

station

Geostationary

Satellite (GMS)

Polar Orbiting

Satellite (NOAA)

Satellite

Aircraft

Weather Radar

AerosondeRadiosonde

Seawatch

Buoy

Shiping observation

Surface observation

station

WEATHER OBSERVATION

Automatic weather

Station (AWS)

Maritime

observation

Satellite Control

Station

Rainfall

station

MultimediaMultimediaStudioStudio

Climate & Air Climate & Air Quality CenterQuality Center

Meteorological Meteorological CenterCenter

RDBMSRDBMS

&&

GISGIS

processingprocessing

Fire Danger

Daily Information

InternetInternet

Fire Danger Short Term Forecast

Weekly synopsis

Fire Danger

Long Term Forecast

Monthly and Yearly

Seasonal

Web WebWeb, Monthly ReportSeasonal Publication

External AgenciesExternal Agencies

Forestry Dept, Agriculture &Forestry Dept, Agriculture &

Plantation Dept, LAPAN, BPPT, Plantation Dept, LAPAN, BPPT,

Environtment Dept, NGO,TV media, etcEnvirontment Dept, NGO,TV media, etc

FDRS

Weather data system 300 stations

Real time Weather data Decode 16.00 LST

FDRS maps processing(16.15 LST)

Existing FDRS configuration

Daily Operational FDRSDaily Operational FDRS

FDRS INTERPRETATION

National Scale

FIRE WEATHER INDEX

CLASS FIRE

CHARACTERISTIC

S

FIRE

SUPPRESSION

DIFFICULTY

LOW Creeping surface fires

No control problems unless fire is deep burning

MODERATE Surface fires may spread vigorously or with moderate fire intensity*

Fire can be controlled by direct attack with hand tools and water

HIGH Fast spreading or moderate to high intensity fire

Fire control requires power pumps and/or fire break construction using mechanized line-building tools

EXTREME Fast spreading or high intensity fire

Very difficult to control. Indirect attack using drip torches from control lines may work

Increase station number from 39 to 168Increase station number from 39 to 168

39 station

Peninsular - 26

East Malaysia - 13

168 station

Peninsular - 132

East Malaysia - 36

10 June 2011 10 June 2011

Risk of fire in drained peat in Risk of fire in drained peat in

North and south SelangorNorth and south Selangor

Regional Project

Executing Agency

Pilot Project the State of

Selangor, Malaysia

http://www.met.gov.my/fdrs/http://www.met.gov.my/fdrs/

● Zoom to Peninsular & East Malaysia

● Google Map

● Peatland area

�� Danger rating used to guide preventive measures Danger rating used to guide preventive measures

and allocation of resources and facilitate patolling and and allocation of resources and facilitate patolling and

warning actionwarning action

Cooperation with plantation sector to prevent fires

Promote BMPs eg Good water management .

WATER RETENTION ALONG COLLECTION

DRAINS (one weir for every 20 cm difference

in water level)

Avoid impacts on adjacent Avoid impacts on adjacent

peatlandspeatlands

Block Abandoned drains

Community fire prevention and control

Peatland Nursery Technique

From seedFrom seedWildingWilding

Rehabilitate degraded sites

ConclusionsConclusions

�� Peatland degradation and haze is a common problem in ASEAN Peatland degradation and haze is a common problem in ASEAN countriescountries

�� By working together countries can develop common solutionsBy working together countries can develop common solutions

�� Coordination and exchange can enhance effectiveness and Coordination and exchange can enhance effectiveness and learninglearning

�� Engagement of communities, private sector and local Engagement of communities, private sector and local government is key to changing actions on the groundgovernment is key to changing actions on the ground

�� Common approaches and standards as well as joint action can Common approaches and standards as well as joint action can lead to rapid progresslead to rapid progress

�� Brunei should enhance its involvement in the implementation of Brunei should enhance its involvement in the implementation of the ASEAN Peatland Management Strategy including fire the ASEAN Peatland Management Strategy including fire prevention and rehabilitation and transboundary cooperation.prevention and rehabilitation and transboundary cooperation.

Thank youThank you