Post on 26-Mar-2016
description
[On the edge]RedevelOpment Of a wateRfROnt city - mikkeli, finland
kit ting kaRie yu
[introduction]
[Problem]The Finnish city of Mikkeli is calling for a design proposal for cityexpansion. The planned area for development is ambitious insize, considering current demographic trends. According to thepopulation forecast in 2003, Mikkeli was expected to shrink steadily.Until 2012, the city has managed to maintain its population. Does it,however, mean that the planned city expansion is realistic?
[Role of Design]Mikkeli is struggling with challenges of an aging population, losingyoung and educated inhabitants; with contaminated soils from itsindustrial past and with the need for infrastructure transformation.In the battle against the fate of shrinking, it is crucial to tackle thefundamental problems and design for steady growth. This diplomaproposes a spatial concept for increasing the attractiveness ofMikkeli as a carrier of sensible growth.
12
[the city]
[History]
Mikkeli (St. Michel) founded in 11 century, was an important trading port in Eastern Finland. Following the decrease in importance of the shipping industry, the harbour become tranquil. The post-industrial areas transformed to residential and touristic sites.
Mikkeli targets to transform the harbour to attractive ecological development for residence and tourists.
[1] Industrial activities mainly around the water front, residential buildings are remote from the water
[2] Mikkeli was an important trading port in Eastern Finland
[3] The railway and timber yard seperated the town to the left and the lake to the right.
[ history profile][Industrialization]
The city of Mikkeli was founded in the beginning of the 11th century and became a centre of eastern Finland and the trade on the inland lakes through to the Baltic Sea.In the 19th and 20th centuries Mikkeli harbour was abusy industrial and tourist port. The industrial activitiestransformed, and infrastructure moved from ships to railsand then roads. The once bustling harbour gradually slowed down.
[1] Mikkeli’s first town plan by C.L. Engel, 1838
[2] Development of the city
[Ecological era]
The city has approximately 11% of Finland forest resourcesand aims at promoting sustainable timber constructiondevelopment. The desire for the area is to create a highqualityextension of the city centre and an attractive touristdestination which can be reached from as far as the BalticSea via the Saimaa Canal. The city’s tourism activitieshave already been developed in Pursiala, the site of theMikkelipuisto Park with its model gardens, the heritagevicarage at Kenkävero and the new Pursialaguest harbourproject.
[ history profile][Post-Industrial]
Most of the former industrial areas have been transformedover the years for residential use but Satamalahti (theformer extensive harbour and industrial area) remainsundeveloped. The city’s geographical location offers greatpotential for the development of shipping, tourism andrecreational boat traffc. In the 1980s the new route of mainhighway VT5 was constructed.
[1]In 1980s, the construction of the new route for the main highway VT 5 cut off Savilahti bay, the “eye of Saimaa”, turning it into a separate area of water which was connected to the more extensive waters to thesouth under the Savilahti bridge.
changeS
1960 2012
1838 Foundation of Mikkeli
the ShOReline
the city
1843 Became province captital of Eastern Finland
1939 Headquarters Finnish Defence Forces in Wrold wars
12
1860 1950
[the city]
3 km10 km
10km
3.5 HOUR TO HELSINKI
1,5 km2000 km 100 km
[the city]
Bjorvika, Oslo, norway venice, italy
1.5km
mikkeli, finland
40000
50000
2010200019901980 2030 200019981996199419921990
200019981996199419921990
20011999199719952001199919971995
19981996199419921990
2020
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40000
50000
2010200019901980 20302020
9
12
15
Population forecast Population growth
Percentage of foreginers
GDP per capital /1000€
Unemployment rate
Area of housing per capital (m2)Percentage of overcroded dwelling
45-64
Percentage of age groups
25-44
65-74
75-8415-24
7-150-6
85-
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
4
6
8
10
. The incomes are relatively lowpopulation is aging rapidly. Losing young and educated because of lack of job opportunity. Proportion of foreigners is low but incresing .housing area per person is incresing
The small Scandinavian city Mikkeli is calling for design proposal for city expansion. The targeted built area is considerably ambi-tious to the current demographic trend. According to the popula-tion forecast in 2003, Mikkeli was expected to shrink steadily. Up to 2012, the small city managed to maintain its population, however, does it mean the vast city expansion realistic?
Mikkeli is struggling with challenges of aging society, losing young and educated inhabitants, pollution and infrastructure transforma-tion. In the battle against the fate of shrinking, it is crucial to tackle the fundamental problems and design for a steady growth. The diploma aims at a strategic approach to create attractive environ-ment for this small water edge city.
15.4
7.6
5.7
35.8
11.7
14.35
12.85
48,90746,422
43,346
1.26
40000
50000
2010200019901980 2030 200019981996199419921990
200019981996199419921990
20011999199719952001199919971995
19981996199419921990
2020
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40000
50000
2010200019901980 20302020
9
12
15
Population forecast Population growth
Percentage of foreginers
GDP per capital /1000€
Unemployment rate
Area of housing per capital (m2)Percentage of overcroded dwelling
45-64
Percentage of age groups
25-44
65-74
75-8415-24
7-150-6
85-
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
4
6
8
10
. The incomes are relatively lowpopulation is aging rapidly. Losing young and educated because of lack of job opportunity. Proportion of foreigners is low but incresing .housing area per person is incresing
The small Scandinavian city Mikkeli is calling for design proposal for city expansion. The targeted built area is considerably ambi-tious to the current demographic trend. According to the popula-tion forecast in 2003, Mikkeli was expected to shrink steadily. Up to 2012, the small city managed to maintain its population, however, does it mean the vast city expansion realistic?
Mikkeli is struggling with challenges of aging society, losing young and educated inhabitants, pollution and infrastructure transforma-tion. In the battle against the fate of shrinking, it is crucial to tackle the fundamental problems and design for a steady growth. The diploma aims at a strategic approach to create attractive environ-ment for this small water edge city.
15.4
7.6
5.7
35.8
11.7
14.35
12.85
48,90746,422
43,346
1.26
40000
50000
2010200019901980 2030 200019981996199419921990
200019981996199419921990
20011999199719952001199919971995
19981996199419921990
2020
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40000
50000
2010200019901980 20302020
9
12
15
Population forecast Population growth
Percentage of foreginers
GDP per capital /1000€
Unemployment rate
Area of housing per capital (m2)Percentage of overcroded dwelling
45-64
Percentage of age groups
25-44
65-74
75-8415-24
7-150-6
85-
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
4
6
8
10
. The incomes are relatively lowpopulation is aging rapidly. Losing young and educated because of lack of job opportunity. Proportion of foreigners is low but incresing .housing area per person is incresing
The small Scandinavian city Mikkeli is calling for design proposal for city expansion. The targeted built area is considerably ambi-tious to the current demographic trend. According to the popula-tion forecast in 2003, Mikkeli was expected to shrink steadily. Up to 2012, the small city managed to maintain its population, however, does it mean the vast city expansion realistic?
Mikkeli is struggling with challenges of aging society, losing young and educated inhabitants, pollution and infrastructure transforma-tion. In the battle against the fate of shrinking, it is crucial to tackle the fundamental problems and design for a steady growth. The diploma aims at a strategic approach to create attractive environ-ment for this small water edge city.
15.4
7.6
5.7
35.8
11.7
14.35
12.85
48,90746,422
43,346
1.26
40000
50000
2010200019901980 2030 200019981996199419921990
200019981996199419921990
20011999199719952001199919971995
19981996199419921990
2020
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40000
50000
2010200019901980 20302020
9
12
15
Population forecast Population growth
Percentage of foreginers
GDP per capital /1000€
Unemployment rate
Area of housing per capital (m2)Percentage of overcroded dwelling
45-64
Percentage of age groups
25-44
65-74
75-8415-24
7-150-6
85-
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
4
6
8
10
. The incomes are relatively lowpopulation is aging rapidly. Losing young and educated because of lack of job opportunity. Proportion of foreigners is low but incresing .housing area per person is incresing
The small Scandinavian city Mikkeli is calling for design proposal for city expansion. The targeted built area is considerably ambi-tious to the current demographic trend. According to the popula-tion forecast in 2003, Mikkeli was expected to shrink steadily. Up to 2012, the small city managed to maintain its population, however, does it mean the vast city expansion realistic?
Mikkeli is struggling with challenges of aging society, losing young and educated inhabitants, pollution and infrastructure transforma-tion. In the battle against the fate of shrinking, it is crucial to tackle the fundamental problems and design for a steady growth. The diploma aims at a strategic approach to create attractive environ-ment for this small water edge city.
15.4
7.6
5.7
35.8
11.7
14.35
12.85
48,90746,422
43,346
1.26
1
The GDP per capita is lower than the average in Finland 1
The housing area per person is increasing 1
MikkeliAverage in Finland
The unemployment rate is higher than the average in Finland 1
[DEMOGRAPHy] [ECONOMy]
40000
50000
2010200019901980 2030 200019981996199419921990
200019981996199419921990
20011999199719952001199919971995
19981996199419921990
2020
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40000
50000
2010200019901980 20302020
9
12
15
Population forecast Population growth
Percentage of foreginers
GDP per capital /1000€
Unemployment rate
Area of housing per capital (m2)Percentage of overcroded dwelling
45-64
Percentage of age groups
25-44
65-74
75-8415-24
7-150-6
85-
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
4
6
8
10
. The incomes are relatively lowpopulation is aging rapidly. Losing young and educated because of lack of job opportunity. Proportion of foreigners is low but incresing .housing area per person is incresing
The small Scandinavian city Mikkeli is calling for design proposal for city expansion. The targeted built area is considerably ambi-tious to the current demographic trend. According to the popula-tion forecast in 2003, Mikkeli was expected to shrink steadily. Up to 2012, the small city managed to maintain its population, however, does it mean the vast city expansion realistic?
Mikkeli is struggling with challenges of aging society, losing young and educated inhabitants, pollution and infrastructure transforma-tion. In the battle against the fate of shrinking, it is crucial to tackle the fundamental problems and design for a steady growth. The diploma aims at a strategic approach to create attractive environ-ment for this small water edge city.
15.4
7.6
5.7
35.8
11.7
14.35
12.85
48,90746,422
43,346
1.26
40000
50000
2010200019901980 2030 200019981996199419921990
200019981996199419921990
20011999199719952001199919971995
19981996199419921990
2020
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40000
50000
2010200019901980 20302020
9
12
15
Population forecast Population growth
Percentage of foreginers
GDP per capital /1000€
Unemployment rate
Area of housing per capital (m2)Percentage of overcroded dwelling
45-64
Percentage of age groups
25-44
65-74
75-8415-24
7-150-6
85-
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
4
6
8
10
. The incomes are relatively lowpopulation is aging rapidly. Losing young and educated because of lack of job opportunity. Proportion of foreigners is low but incresing .housing area per person is incresing
The small Scandinavian city Mikkeli is calling for design proposal for city expansion. The targeted built area is considerably ambi-tious to the current demographic trend. According to the popula-tion forecast in 2003, Mikkeli was expected to shrink steadily. Up to 2012, the small city managed to maintain its population, however, does it mean the vast city expansion realistic?
Mikkeli is struggling with challenges of aging society, losing young and educated inhabitants, pollution and infrastructure transforma-tion. In the battle against the fate of shrinking, it is crucial to tackle the fundamental problems and design for a steady growth. The diploma aims at a strategic approach to create attractive environ-ment for this small water edge city.
15.4
7.6
5.7
35.8
11.7
14.35
12.85
48,90746,422
43,346
1.26
40000
50000
2010200019901980 2030 200019981996199419921990
200019981996199419921990
20011999199719952001199919971995
19981996199419921990
2020
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40000
50000
2010200019901980 20302020
9
12
15
Population forecast Population growth
Percentage of foreginers
GDP per capital /1000€
Unemployment rate
Area of housing per capital (m2)Percentage of overcroded dwelling
45-64
Percentage of age groups
25-44
65-74
75-8415-24
7-150-6
85-
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
4
6
8
10
. The incomes are relatively lowpopulation is aging rapidly. Losing young and educated because of lack of job opportunity. Proportion of foreigners is low but incresing .housing area per person is incresing
The small Scandinavian city Mikkeli is calling for design proposal for city expansion. The targeted built area is considerably ambi-tious to the current demographic trend. According to the popula-tion forecast in 2003, Mikkeli was expected to shrink steadily. Up to 2012, the small city managed to maintain its population, however, does it mean the vast city expansion realistic?
Mikkeli is struggling with challenges of aging society, losing young and educated inhabitants, pollution and infrastructure transforma-tion. In the battle against the fate of shrinking, it is crucial to tackle the fundamental problems and design for a steady growth. The diploma aims at a strategic approach to create attractive environ-ment for this small water edge city.
15.4
7.6
5.7
35.8
11.7
14.35
12.85
48,90746,422
43,346
1.26
The population was expected to decrease to 46422 in 2010 and 43346 in 2012 1
young population is decreasing while the old increase 1
The actual population maintained steady after the peak in 2000 2
Source 1 : The Welfare in Mikkeli conducted by the city of Mikkeli (January 2003) http://www.mikkeli.fi/fi/liitteet/03_mikkeli-tieto/03_julkaisut/hyvinvointiselvitys.pdf
Source2: http://www.citypopulation.de
what does mikkeli need?
The fast growth of 20% is considered to be unrealistic Step by step sustainable development is suggested. The fundamental key issues must be tackled before the devlopment:
If we build as much as the municipality target: 370,000m2
average housing area per capita in Mikkeli : 35.9 m2
An extreme scenario,if all the area is used for housing: 370,000m2 / 35.9 m2 = 10300
A development suitable for a population growth of 10,300 people which is 21% of the current population?
Scenario:the targeted 370,000m2 are built
[the water]
[the pollutants]
[the structure]
3
1
2
Infrastructural developments along the waterfront area have closed up parts of the lakes. Pollution from traffic and industrial activities along with the stale water conditions are heavily affecting the water quality. A key concept in this project is to reopen the closed lakes and address the historical shoreline.
After decades of industrial activitiy, residual pollutants like heavy metals and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) are found in the old port area. These soils must be cleaned before further development. A phytoremediation field can functional as recreational ground, education centre and for scientific research purpose.
The railway separates the city from the waterfront, the unused railway tracks will be transformed to reconnect the city to the water.
Buildings are part of the collective memory of a city and it is important to preserve or reflect in the design. Buildings of high architectural values will be transformed to adaptive uses. The construction base or structure of most of the demolished buildings will be transformed for different recreational use.
The construction of flyovers filled up parts of the lakes and block the natural water flow and the round-about create heavy trafficked space. The bridges will be stand on pillars to allow waterflow underneath and will be redirected to reduce conflict
[the edges]4The water body of Mikkeli is connected to Finlands largest lake system, Saimaa. There is a great potential to develop the waterfront edge for recreational purpose. The existing edge is however used as storage, boat parking or abandoned. The project aims at creating a continuous waterfront promenade for visitors to explore the natural potential of Mikkeli.
heavy metalPAH compound
mixture
[THE KEy ISSUES]
Phytoremediation is a group of innovative technologies that use plants and and natural processes for in situ risk reduction and removal of contaminants from contaminated soil, water, sediments, and air. It is an energy efficient, esthically pleasing method of remediating sites with low to moderate levels of contamination and it can be used in conjuction with other more traditional remedial methods as a finishing step to the remedial process. One of the main advantages of phytoremediation is that of its relatively low cost compared to other remedial methods such as excavation.
In Mikkeli there are areas with contamination soil in the waterfront. Phytoremediation fields is the pilot program for the redevelopment. The low cost and the potential for growing a new functional greenstructurethat could act as a framework for the new urban development. The field works as recreational and educational purposes duing the cleaning period. In addition, the process produces biomass that can be utilized for energy production, while stabilizing the contaminants extracted.
phytoremediation
72
Remediation tools applied - Phytoremediation conceptPhytoremediation represents a group of innovative technologies that use plants and natural processes for in situ risk reduction and removal of contaminants from contaminated soil, water, sediments, and air. Specially selected or engineered plants are used in the process. Risk reduction can be through a process of removal, degradation of, or containment of a contaminant or a combination of any of these factors. Phytoremediation is an energy efficient, aesthically pleasing method of remediating sites with low to moderate levels of contamination and it can be used in conjuction with other more traditional remedial methods as a finishing step to the remedial process.
One of the main advantages of phytoremediation is that of its relatively low cost compared to other remedial methods such as excavation. In many cases phytoremediation has been found to be less than half the price of alternative methods. Phytoremediation also offers a permanent in situ remediation rather than simply translocating the problem.
In Groruddalen there are extensive areas of contaminated soil. The Phytoremediation tools provide a possibility to utilize the need to reclaim Groruddalen to initiate a pilot program for this method there. The low cost and the potential for growing a new functional greenstructure that could act as a framework for the new urban development.
In addition, the process produces biomass that can be utilized for energy production, while stabilizing the contaminants extracted.
PHYTOSUCCESSION
PHYTOTERRACES
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 7Year 4 Year 8Year 5 Year 9Year 6
PHYTOREMEDIATION / research & developmentDeveloping Hyperaccumulators
Selection of accumulatorplants
Cross-breeding of the mosteffective accumulators
Product: Hyperaccumulator plants
PHYTOREMEDIATION / CONCEPT
Phytoremediation field planted withhyperaccumulator plants developed for extracting various contaminantsin the soil
Contaminated soil Harvest after 4 - 5 years Biomass incinerated at appropriate incineration plant
Greenhouse gas neutral emissions
Accumulated contaminantsfor reuse / proper treatment
Biofuel / BioethanolProduction
Energy / Heating
CONFIGURATIONS / adaptive to different conditions
Phytofields Phytomounds
Phytoterraces combined with wetland retainment basins preventing contaminants from reaching the natural water cycle in steep the areaswhere polluted soil are located right next to the river.
One example of how the succession of plants are in a phytoremediation field. This illustration gives a picture of the variations in a field over time. The example shows the lifecycle of fast-growing species like populous ssp.
72
Remediation tools applied - Phytoremediation conceptPhytoremediation represents a group of innovative technologies that use plants and natural processes for in situ risk reduction and removal of contaminants from contaminated soil, water, sediments, and air. Specially selected or engineered plants are used in the process. Risk reduction can be through a process of removal, degradation of, or containment of a contaminant or a combination of any of these factors. Phytoremediation is an energy efficient, aesthically pleasing method of remediating sites with low to moderate levels of contamination and it can be used in conjuction with other more traditional remedial methods as a finishing step to the remedial process.
One of the main advantages of phytoremediation is that of its relatively low cost compared to other remedial methods such as excavation. In many cases phytoremediation has been found to be less than half the price of alternative methods. Phytoremediation also offers a permanent in situ remediation rather than simply translocating the problem.
In Groruddalen there are extensive areas of contaminated soil. The Phytoremediation tools provide a possibility to utilize the need to reclaim Groruddalen to initiate a pilot program for this method there. The low cost and the potential for growing a new functional greenstructure that could act as a framework for the new urban development.
In addition, the process produces biomass that can be utilized for energy production, while stabilizing the contaminants extracted.
PHYTOSUCCESSION
PHYTOTERRACES
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 7Year 4 Year 8Year 5 Year 9Year 6
PHYTOREMEDIATION / research & developmentDeveloping Hyperaccumulators
Selection of accumulatorplants
Cross-breeding of the mosteffective accumulators
Product: Hyperaccumulator plants
PHYTOREMEDIATION / CONCEPT
Phytoremediation field planted withhyperaccumulator plants developed for extracting various contaminantsin the soil
Contaminated soil Harvest after 4 - 5 years Biomass incinerated at appropriate incineration plant
Greenhouse gas neutral emissions
Accumulated contaminantsfor reuse / proper treatment
Biofuel / BioethanolProduction
Energy / Heating
CONFIGURATIONS / adaptive to different conditions
Phytofields Phytomounds
Phytoterraces combined with wetland retainment basins preventing contaminants from reaching the natural water cycle in steep the areaswhere polluted soil are located right next to the river.
One example of how the succession of plants are in a phytoremediation field. This illustration gives a picture of the variations in a field over time. The example shows the lifecycle of fast-growing species like populous ssp.
Source: Systemic reclamation, a functional green infastructure for Grorudalen
[THE KEy ISSUES][the pollutants]1After decades of industrial activitiy, residual pollutants like heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) are found in the old port area. These soils must be cleaned before further development. A phytoremediation field can functional as recreational ground, education centre and for scientific research purpose.
heavy metal
mixture
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) compound
[the water]3Infrastructural developments along the waterfront area have closed up parts of the lakes. Pollution from traffic and industrial activities along with the stale water conditions are heavily affecting the water quality. A key concept in this project is to reopen the closed lakes and address the historical shoreline.
1860 1950 1960
Past
Now
2012
The shoreline
12
[the structure]2The railway separates the city from the waterfront, the unused railway tracks will be transformed to reconnect the city to the water.
Buildings are part of the collective memory of a city and it is important to preserve or reflect in the design. Buildings of high architectural values will be transformed to adaptive uses. The construction base or structure of most of the demolished buildings will be transformed for different recreational use.
The construction of flyovers filled up parts of the lakes and block the natural water flow and the round-about create heavy trafficked space. The bridges will be stand on pillars to allow waterflow underneath and will be redirected to reduce conflict
massive abandoned industrial buildings- transformed to adaptive use
unused railway tracks- reconnect city to water
flyover filled up lake , block flow of water- pillars- allow waterflow underneath
SOFTEDGES
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
12
11
10
9
8
98
2
3
5
12
11
10
1
4
7
6
[the edges]4The water body of Mikkeli is connected to Finlands largest lake system, Saimaa. There is a great potential to develop the waterfront edge for retcreational purpose. The existing edge is however used as storage, boat parking or abandoned. The project aims at creating a continuous waterfront promenade for visitors to explore the natural potential of Mikkeli.
HARD EDGES
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
12
11
10
9
8
1
23
5
10 11
98
12
6
4
7
THE PROPOSED WATERFRONT LOOPExISTING WATERFRONT PEDESTRIAN ROUTE AND GREEN SPACE
OPEN SPACES AND
WATERFRONT LOOP
green structure
[CONCEPT]
WATER axis
WATER . water treatment canal. connection to existing wetland. reopen filled lake
A water treatment canal is placed in between the contaminated site and the city and continues down the length of the site, it seperates the contaminated soil from the clean soil.
Swales / ditches transport surface water from the field to water treatment canal and then wetland at the south end
Gently sloping sides provide exposure to sunlight for uv filtration, and vegetation for phytoremediation.
contaminated soil
introduction of water treatment canal
‘clean soil’ - the city
[CONCEPT]
. address the city grid
. visula connection from city to the water Axis
Over the timepotential development of the area can be revised in regards to the need of the city of Mikkeli.
The linear volumes of trees to mature can play a role in the structuring of new uses for the site.
Study of vegetation volumes in relation to city grid Variation according to different programs
[CONCEPT]
green structure . green structure to address the city grid . as framework for further urban development
OPEN SPACES AND WATERFRONT LOOP
. open space along water edges
. continuous waterfront promenade
. explode natural potential
[DESIGN]
[railroad park]
[event space]
[city wedge]
[wetland zone]
[remediation zone]
123
4
5
6
botanical garden
[waterfront recreation loop ]
waterfront deck
urban beach 7
[water treatment canal]
[PLAN]
1
Existing condition
Pier2, Taiwan
Zhongshan Shipyard Park, China
Populus
[railroad park] The closed down railroad area alongside the old harbour is transformed with pedestrian and bicycle lanes filling the tracks and green carpets of grass in between. The prependicular lines of the city street grid are marked by volumes of Populus on either side. Along the paths, these volumes provide variations of light, shade and spatial qualities.
railway in use sceening installation
grass carpet/ sitting out bicycle pedestrian
walk
pedestrian walk
water treatment canal
2
Swale for water collection andtransportation
Activities in water canalCheonggyecheon, Korea
Water cleaning vegetationFornebu Park, Norway
[water treatment canal] A water treatment canal is placed in between old train tracks and continues down the length of the site, transporting surface water collected from swales to the wetland at the south end. Gently sloping sides provide exposure to sunlight for uv filtration, and vegetation for phytoremediation. Water is led from Rokkalanjoki river to ensure continuous water flow. Steps slow down and retain water for sedimentation and form crossings along the canal. Where water flow over the steps, small waterfalls ensure oxygenation of the water.
Schematic cross section of water canal
Steps slow down and retain water for sedimentation and form crossings along the canal.
Where water flow over the steps, small waterfalls ensure oxygenation of the water
Water accumulate and sediment by the step
swales
Rokkalanjoki river
canal
wetland
reused old railway trackwater treatment canal
[remediation zone]
pah contaminated soils are vegetated with deep rooted trees and perennials for phytoremediation. Linear planted volumes of Betula provide visual connection to the city grid.
Soils contaminated by heavy metals are vegetated with shallow rooted grasses and plantings of Pine repeat the linear volumes.
Footprints of demolished buildings are kept and provide surface variations, platforms and base for sport facilities.
A path for running is provided around and through the remediation zone, a shorter path circles the existing hill and through a pine grove. Apart from these, paths are placed according to subsequent usage of the area.
3
Over the time, as soils are remediated and the area is recognised as a public space, the potential development of the area can be revised, in regards to the need of the city of Mikkeli. As time has allowed the linear volumes of trees to mature, these can play a role in the structuring of new uses for the site.
Section (AA) through PAH remediation field Deep root vegetation (0-4m)
Section (BB) through heavy metal remediation field Shallow root vegetation (1.5m)
A
B
pah RemediatiOn field
mixed RemediatiOn field
heavy metal RemediatiOn field
AA
B
water treatment
canal
recreation
railroad park
waterfront prom-
enade
remediation field
(PAH)
Betula
Betula
Phytoremediation field
Base of demolished buildings
water
treatment canal
railroad
park
waterfront
promenade
remediation /
recreation field
remediation field(heavy metals)
remediation field(mixed pollutants)
remediation field(PAH)
recreation
existing hilljogging path
pine
Pinus
- Jogging path . shorter path circles the existing hill and through a pine grove. - Vegetated with shallow rooted grasses and plantings of Pine repeat the linear volumes.
[remediation field2] [remediation field1] - Vegetated with deep rooted trees and perennials for phytoremediation. - Linear planted volumes of Betula provide visual connection to the city grid.
[event space]
An open flexible square form a central eventspace and marketplace along the waterfront. The existing buildings are converted to support multiple functions.
4
Transformation of buildings to recreationWest Seoul Lake Park, Korea
tRanSfORmed Building
landmaRkScience muSeum
flexiBle maRket and event Space
wateRfROnt pROmenade
[city wedge]
Two buildings are formed to meet in a V-shape, extending the view along the lines of the street grid. The grass covered roofs serve as green hills and connecting point to the existing pedestrian bridge.
5
shops and restaurant
waterfront promenade
water treatment canal
event space
City wedge
Pedestrian walk and
sitting
Bicycle lane
Exisiting connection to the city
sceening installation
6 [wetland zone]
The existing wetland area is extended and reconnected to the lake. Surface water is led through the treatmentcanal and filtered through the wetland vegetation. Linear plantings of alnus make a visual connection to the formal grid structure of the city.
wetland
water treatment canal
railway park
populus
bird watching house
cultural event spacerailway museum
Alnus
alnuS
BiRd watching hOuSe
Swale
small path to experience nature
Different activities in relation to water and waterplant, Stockholm
Copenhagen harbour bath
Pirrama park, Sydney
Seine river, Paris
[waterfront recreation loop]
Continuous waterfront walk will connect different parts of the city. Recreational spaces will be developed to enrich the existing natural spatial qualities:
- Urban beach at the south facing park- Waterfront deck and sauna house at the existing reed bed- Water treatment plant will be transformed to botanical garden
7uRBan Beach
Swimming deck
wateRfROnt deck
Sauna hOuSe
BOtanical gaRden
depaRtuRe pOint fOR wateR SpORtS in lake Saimma
lake fOR wateR activitieS
fiShing deck
extended maRina
Sauna hOuSe
maRina
fiShing deck
[the water]
[the pollutants]
[the structure]
3
1
2
[the key issues and solutions]
[the edges]4
vegetation
structure
landform
water
activities
heavy metalPAH compound
mixture
phase 1 phase 2 phase 3
Vegetation on the edge of water canal Reconnecting existing soft edge
Water treatment botanical garden
cleaning tRanSfORming intROducing
Phytoremediaation of pure heavy metals and PAH contaminated field
Formation of wetland
Transformation of existing buildings
Introducing new functions
Demolition of existing buildings
Redirecting bridges
Pedestrian bridge
Reshaping of existing hill
Formation of artificial hill
Landform armature of extended wetland
Connecting wetland to the lake
Construction of water treatment canal with connecting swales
Connecting canal to the Rokkalanjoki river
Potential connection to the city storm water system
Upgrading central waterfront event space
Opening up waterfront for pedestrian
Phytoremediation park
Railway museum
Waterfront Recreational areas
Landmark science centre
Botanical garden
Waterfront deck and sauna house
Urban beachRailroad transformed for bicycle paths
Construction of water canal
Construction of wetland treatment system
Bird watching
Selective conservation of exisiting structures
phase 1 cleaning
phytoremediation of pure heavy metals and pah contaminated field
formation of wetland
construction of water treatment canal with connecting swales
construction of wetland treatment system
water
vegetation
Selective conservation of exisiting structures
demolition of existing buildings
Reshaping of existing hill
construction of water canal
Opening up waterfront for pedestrian
Railroad transformed for bicycle paths
Bird watching
phytoremediation park
structure
landform
activities
water
vegetation
phase 2 tRanSfORming
vegetation on the edge of water canal
connecting wetland to the lake
structure
landform
activities
formation of artificial hill
landform armature of extended wetland
transformation of existing buildings
Redirecting bridges
upgrading central waterfront event space
Railway museum
water
vegetation
phase 3 intROducing
Reconnecting existing soft edgewater treatment botanical garden
connecting canal to the Rokkalanjoki river potential
connection to the city storm water system
structure
landform
activities
introducing new functions
pedestrian bridge
waterfront Recreational areas
landmark science centre
Botanical garden
waterfront deck and sauna house
urban beach
Mikkeli now
Over the time, as soils are remediated and the area is recognised as a public space, the potential development of the area can be revised, in regards to the need of the city of Mikkeli.
The growth of city is a continuous processMikkeli waterfront could be forever an open space...
Or...A combination of buildings and nature
Or...A densified extension of the city
[to be continued...]