Post on 11-Jan-2016
Prototyping
Introduction
OverviewWhat is the processChanging roles of end usersWhat tools facilitate prototypingImpact on traditional methodology
Overview
Development of working models to facilitate the specification of requirements
Prototypes developed in an interactive manner
Iterative process
Overview
Make development process faster and easier
Helps when requirements are difficult to define
Opens up development to end users
Process
May be used for both large and small applicationslarge projects require traditional
systems development but parts of the system may be prototyped
Application development tools are used to rapidly create a prototype
Process
A prototype is refined until user acceptance is gained
Prototyping is an iterative process, interactive process that combines steps of the traditional development cycle
Process
Develop informationsystem prototypes
Revise prototypes toalign with req’ts of
end users
Identify end userinformation req’ts
Use and maintainthe accepted system
Prot
otyp
ing
Cyc
leM
aint
enan
ceC
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Process
End users identify information needsassess feasibility of alternative
information system solutionsEnd users/analysts use application
development packages to build prototypesdesign and test information system
components
Process
Information system prototypes are used, evaluated and modifiedrepeated until end users find it
acceptableAccepted information system can be
modified easilymost system documentation is stored
on disk
Changing roles of end user
Using application development tools users may undertake system developmentplay an active role in designing as
opposed to specifyingOwnership and commitment to new
systemsManagement of change easier
Tools for prototyping
CASE - Computer Aided Software Engineering
Software tools for:business planningproject managementuser interface designsoftware development
Tools for prototyping
Components of Texas Instruments IEF (integrated CASE) product
Planning toolsetinformation strategy planning (high
level business perspective)Analysis toolset
capture of detailed business requirements
Tools for prototyping
Design toolsetdetailed specifications of system
solutionInformation integrator
integrates system specificationschecks specifications for consistencyrecords specifications in repositories
Tools for prototyping
Front end and Back end tools
Front end toolsEnterprise modelsData flow diagramsData structure diagramsEntity relationship diagrams4th generation languagesPrototyping tools
Back end toolsProgram flowchartsProgram editorsProgram debuggersCode generators4th generation languagesObject orientated languagesPrototyping tools
SystemDevelopers
Impact on traditional methodology
SystemsInvestigation
Product:Feasibility Study
SystemsAnalysis
SystemsDesign
SystemsImplementation
SystemsMaintenance
Product:Functional Requirements
Product:Systems Spec
Product:Operational System
Product:Improved System
Traditional
Requirements
QuickDesign
BuildingPrototypeCustomer
Evaluation
RefinePrototype
EngineerProduct
Start
Stop
Prototyping