Prof. M. M. NinanMarthoma Church of San Francisco Bay

Area

Prof. M. M. NinanMarthoma Church of San Francisco Bay Area

The sacraments are outward and visible signs of inward and spiritual grace, given by Christ as a means by which we receive that grace.

3. Holy Communion

(1Co 11:24) and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, "This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me."

(1Co 11:25) In the same way also the cup, after supper, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me."

The Institution of Quorbana

Baptism,

Confirmation and

Holy Communion, together constitute the "sacraments of Christian initiation,"

"Recall then that you have received the spiritual seal, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of right judgment and courage, the spirit of knowledge and reverence, the spirit of holy fear in God's presence. Guard what you have received. God the Father has marked you with his sign; Christ the Lord has confirmed you and has placed his pledge, the Spirit, in your hearts." (St. Ambrose)

SacramentSacrament Essential Sacramental SymbolEssential Sacramental Symbol

BaptismBaptism Water poured over or immersed in Water poured over or immersed in water while saying, “I baptize you water while saying, “I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.”the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.”

ConfirmationConfirmation Laying on of hands and anointing Laying on of hands and anointing with chrism (sacred oil) while with chrism (sacred oil) while saying, “Be sealed with the gift of saying, “Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit.”the Holy Spirit.”

CommunionCommunion bread and wine and the words of bread and wine and the words of consecrationconsecration

Sacraments of InitiationSacraments of Initiation

Sacraments of InitiationSacraments of Initiation

Baptism, Confirmation

and Communion

are the foundation of Christian Churchand the Christian Life

They are all closely related.

BaptismBaptism

Baptism’s Baptism’s primary primary

effect is the effect is the beginning beginning

of our new of our new life in Christlife in Christ

discipleship

ConfirmationConfirmation

Confirmation’Confirmation’

s primary s primary effect is to effect is to

strengthen us strengthen us to live more to live more fully Christ’s fully Christ’s call to serve.call to serve.Believe in your heart

and confess with your mouth

CommunionCommunion

The primary The primary effect of the effect of the Communion Communion

is to nourish us is to nourish us to live as to live as Christ’s Christ’s

disciples in our disciples in our journey through journey through

this life.this life.Fellowship

"The Lord's Supper" (coena dominica),

"Sacrifice" (prosphora, oblatio),

"the gathering together" (synaxis, congregatio),

the Mysteries

"the Sacrament of the Altar".

"Love Feast" (agape)

Mass (Missa)from "dismissal"

(dimissio)Mass of Catechumens

and the believers

Communion

Quorbana

“Breaking Bread”(fractio panis)

ם ֶח� (,paras lechem) ָּפ� U ס†ֶל�

"liturgy" (Acts 13:2,

leitourgountes)

“Fellowship” (koinania)

Being part of the body of Christ

Communion was part of the

In the 3rd century Christian work The Apostolic Constitutions, a completehalachah is set forth for the church on exactly how the Agape was to be conducted

(Jude 12)

And all that believed were together, and had all things common; And sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all men, as every man had need. And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart, Praising God, and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved.—Acts 2:41-47

Act 20:7-11

Havdalah (the conclusion of Shabbat),

Members of the Rutba House in Durham, N.C.,

Initially Apostles served at the table. Later it was given over to ordained elders.

Acts 6:2-6

serve as an effective model for Christian fellowship.

1st Century CE: Early Christians,

possibly inspired by the Essenes,

lived together in communes,

according to Acts 2: 4-5.

 

History contains a long list of failed experiments based on the acts model

All of them were inspired by the early christian communes.

Chicago

Evanston and Chicago, Illinois

Plow Creek Mennonite Church and Fellowship is an intentional Christian community in rural Tiskilwa, Illinois.

The Open Door Community 910 Ponce de Leon Ave. NE Atlanta, Georgia 

Hutterites are a communal people, living on scattered bruderhöfe or colonies throughout the prairies in North America.

San Francisco

Christian community in Lexington, KY

Shiloh Community (Sulphur Springs, Arkansas, United States) The Othona Community (Essex, England, United Kingdom) Treasures in a Field Christian Community (Idaho, Washington area, United States)  Forming The Mustard Seed House (Seattle, Washington, United States) Agape Community (Liberty, Tennessee, United States) St. John's Order (South San Francisco, California, United States) The Mystic Oak (slaton, Texas, United States) Angel's Watch (Vanceburg, Kentucky, United States)  Forming Christian Fellowship International Community (Red Rock, Ontario, Canada)  Re-Forming Monastic Community of St. John Maximovitch & the Holy Theotokos (Deming, New Mexico, United States)  Re-Forming Hesbjerg (DK-5491 Blommenslyst, Denmark) Ekklesia House (Victoria, British Columbia, Canada) Beneficio (Orgiva, Spain) Shepherdsfield (Fulton, Missouri, United States) MillStreetHouse (Massachusetts, United States) Pathfinder Fellowship (London W8 7NQ, England, United Kingdom) Sunnyside Farm (Mokane, Missouri, United States) Corvallis Conservation Farm (Corvallis, Montana, United States) Hyaets: The Arbor (Charlotte, North Carolina, United States) Alpha Omega Christian Communities For The Chemically Injured (Texas, United States)  Forming Christian mennonite type community (Liberty, Kentucky, United States)  Forming Ex-Truth / Ex-Namenlose (Switzerland)  Forming Father Divine's Peace Mission Movement (Gladwyne, Pennsylvania, United States) Narrow Way Christian Community (Chapin, Illinois, United States)  Forming Servants of Jesus Community (Seven Hills, New South Wales, Australia) Jan Hus Church and Neighborhood House (New York, New York, United States) Casa Tejas (Bellingham, Washington, United States)  Forming CAREN GARDENS (NAIROBI, NAIROBI, Kenya) (nairobi, nairobi, Kenya)  Forming River Fork Group (Will find location, later...probably KY)  Forming Varsity House (Corvallis, Oregon, United States) Hillside Christian Believers (Albany, Wisconsin, United States)  Forming Jubilee Partners (Comer, Georgia, United States) Sovereign Christian Patriot Mission  Re-Forming Bread and Roses - Base community (D-22177 Hamburg, Germany) Christian Natural Spring Farm (Ohio, United States) Kadesh-biyqah (S-671 23 Arvika, Sweden) Jesus People, (USA Evangelical), Covenant Church (Chicago, Illinois, United States) Tierra Sagrada Del Sol (La Ribera Baja California, Mexico)  Forming East Lake Commons CoHousing (Decatur, Georgia, United States) Hillside Covenant Community (Ft. Wayne, Indiana, United States) The Common Place (London, Ontario, Canada) Everything Jesus Ranch (Seguin, Texas, United States) New Creation Christian Community (Northampton, England, United Kingdom) (Coventry & Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom) (Birmingham, England, United Kingdom) (Leicester, England, United Kingdom) (London, England, United Kingdom) (Sheffield, England, United Kingdom) (Belfast, N. Ireland, United Kingdom) (Brighton & Hove, England, United Kingdom) (Bristol, England, United Kingdom) (Leeds, England, United Kingdom) (Liverpool, England, United Kingdom) (Milton Keynes, England, United Kingdom) (Oxford, England, United Kingdom) (Preston, England, United Kingdom) (Swansea, England, United Kingdom)

Over 200 communes listed in America

alone.

“Eager souls, mystics and revolutionaries, may propose to refashion the world in accordance with their dreams; but evil

remains, and so long as it lurks in the secret places of the heart, utopia is only the shadow of a dream”

Nathaniel Hawthorne

They were called the

“People of the Way”; “the Way of God” (Act 18:26), “the Way.” (Act 19:9), or the “Nazarene sect.” (Act 24:5). They were disciples or Apostles of Jesus the Nazarene.

When Communes failed

Chabura

is a fraternity or "guild"—

Began to meet once a week

The Table was the center of Chabura

Corinthians 11:20-34. “Therefore when you come together in one place, it is not to eat the Lord’s Supper. For in eating, each one takes his own supper ahead of others; and one is hungry and another is drunk.”

Later when Chabura wasalso misusedit was reduced to symbolic dinner.

It thus reminds us of our present sinful nature

And

We look forward to the final fulfillment of the Kingdom of Godin Christ

You are a full fledged member of the Church of Christ.

"For just as the body is one and has many members, and all the members of the body, though many, are one body, so it is with Christ. For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body-Jews or Greeks, slaves or free-and all were made to drink of one Spirit" (First Corinthians 12.12, 13).

Core faith

1 Jn 4:3

Universality includes all times

Qurbono Qadisho

קרבן

7133. qorban (kor-bawn')

Or qurban {koor-bawn'}; from qarab;

something brought near the altar,

i.e. A sacrificial present –

oblation, that is offered, offering.

A Korban was usually an animal sacrifice, such as a sheep or a bull that underwent shechita (Jewish ritual slaughter),

and was often cooked and eaten by the offerer,

with parts given to the Kohanim

and parts burned on the Temple mizbe'ah (altar).

Korbanot could also consist of doves, grain, wine, or incense.

Priestly(P) Tradition If, when

The concept behind sacrifice

Since the band of death cannot be shaken, life must be substitued with life as precious to you as yourself.

Animals are sacred in all nomadic and agricultural communities and are never slaughtered. They are slaughtered only as offerings to the gods and ancestors in healing, initiation, and atonement ceremonies.

They are merely consecrated offerings, made sacred for communal meals by the intiate, to share with their gods, ancestors, and the poor.

These communities eat meat only on these occasions.

Sacrifices ended with the

Destruction of the Second Temple Or

Was it the third?

AD 70

Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: Add your burnt offerings to your sacrifices and eat flesh.

For I did not speak to your fathers, or command them in the day that I brought them out of the land of Egypt, concerning burnt offerings and sacrifices.

But this is what I commanded them saying, “Obey My voice and I will be your God and you will walk in all the way which I command you, that it may be well with you.” .. (Jer. 7:21–25)

Yahwist (J) Tradition

"O Israel, return unto the Lord your God; for you have fallen by your iniquity.

Take with you words, and return unto the Lord: say unto him, Take away all iniquity, and accept us graciously: so will we render as bullocks the offerings of our lips" (Hosea 14:1-2).

Prophets

"Rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the Lord your God: for he is gracious and full of compassion, slow to anger and plenteous in mercy, and repenteth him of the evil" (Joel 2:13).

What are your multiplied sacrifices to me? . . . I take no pleasure in the blood of bulls, lambs or goats. . . . I hate your new moon and your appointed feasts. . . . Cease to do evil. (Isa. 1:11, 14, 16–17)

With what shall I approach the Lord, Do homage to God on high? Shall I approach Him with burnt offerings, With calves a year old? Would the Lord be pleased with thousands of rams, With myriads of streams of oil? Shall I give my firstborn for my transgression, The fruit of my body for my sins? God has tole you, Oh Man what is goodand what does the Lord require of you? Only to do justice And to love goodness, And to walk humbly with your God (Micah 6:6-8).

Psalms 51:16-21; Hosea 6:6, 14:3 and Jeremiah 29:4-14.

Once for All

" . . . by one sacrifice he has made perfect forever those who are being made holy." (Hebrews 10:14)

The concept behind sacrifice

Gen 2:22-23 And the rib,which the LORD God had taken from man, made he a woman,802 and brought her unto the man. And Adam said, “This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman,802 because she was taken out of Man.

Word used for woman : Ishasha = Burnt (Fire) Sacrifice

אף

Strong's Number801

'ishshah

the same as ''eshshah' (800), but used in a liturgical sense; a burnt-offering;

802

feminine of ''iysh' (376)

[The proper word for woman to be used is nashiym from the alternate form for man as 'enowsh (582). Instead bible use the same as 800 and 801 here)

800‘eshshahesh-shaw'

feminine of ''esh' (784); fire:--fire.

'ishshah

Meal:Vegy

Lev. 1: 1-17; 2:1-16; 3:1-17

4:1-35 & 6:26-28; 5:1-6:7

Once and for all

Today what is left is

Thanksgiving

Sacrifices of Praise

Reconciliation

Thanksgiving Sacrificein Hebrew

Toda Sacrifice.

In Greek and Latin Eucharistia

•Thankfulness; •the giving of thanks

eu- means "good"char- means "favor" and ist- shows action the Latin ending -ia stands for Latin plurals

Eukharistéō (εὐχαριστῶ) is the usual verb for

"to thank"

in the Septuagint and New Testament.

Prasaadam

(εὐχαριστία)

Anglican tradition

Bringing in the elements

As as an offering

Eucharistiais a

thank offeringAccording to Leviticus

the offered food is offered at the altar [anaphora, ἀναφορά,

"offering" or "carrying up" (ἀνα- + φέρω)]And then partook first by the Priests

and then by the community.

In this sense it is a sacrifice.

anaphora

The sacrifice acceptable to God is a broken spirit; a broken and contrite heart.

(Psa 51:17)

Hebrews 13:15

Therefore, through him let us always bring God a sacrifice of praise, that is, the fruit of our lips that confess his name

Reconciliation

“This is the New Covenant in My Blood”“This is the New Covenant in My Blood”

Jesus instituted the Holy Communion during the Pesach Celebration of the Old Covenant

A covenant may have conditions and prerequisites that qualify the undertaking, including the actions of second or third parties, but there is no inherent agreement by such other parties to fulfill those requirements. Consequentially, the only party that can break a covenant is the covenantor.

A covenant, in its most general sense, is a solemn promise to do or not do something specified.

A covenant, in contrast to a contract, is a one-way agreement whereby the covenantor is the only party bound by the promise.

OLD

This is the Old Covenant in the Blood of the Oxen

This

is t

he O

ld

Cove

nant

This

is t

he O

ld

Cove

nant

This

is t

he O

ld

Cove

nant

This

is t

he O

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Cove

nant

Eating together is still part of the New Covenant ritual

Passover is a once a year celebration

Jesus established the New Covenant at a Pesah dinner.

Chametz? No leaven should be found in your household

The Search for Chametz and destroy

Blessed are You, L-rd our G-d, King of the universe, who has sanctified us by His commandments, and has commanded us to remove the leaven.

The Burning of Chametz

Corinthians 5:7 (NIV) Get rid of the old yeast that you may be a new batch without yeast--as you really are

Jesus reinterpreted the Pesah

You will say to your son, We were slaves to Pharaoh in Egypt; and the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand. The LORD gave signs and wonders, great and harmful, against Egypt, against Pharaoh, and against all his household, before our eyes: And he brought us out of there to bring us in, to give us the land that he promised our fathers. -Deuteronomy 6:20-23

sinHeaven

Maror: Bitter herbs, or horse radish

Bitterness of the Egyptian slavery

Karpas (Parsely)

This symbolizes the new life for the Jewish people and also represents the hyssop that was used to apply the blood of the Passover lamb to the lentil and doorposts.

CharosetThere is also a mixture of apples, almonds, cinnamon, and the fruit of the vine on the plate. This mixture is called charoset. It represents the mortar the Israelites had to make to build the Egyptian cities.

It was both sweet and bitter

shank bone of the lamb. Picture of the Passover sacrifice. But there is no meat

Hard boiled egg

Life, slavery

CANDLE LIGHTING

The candles are lit by the lady of the house.

Four Cups of Passover Wine Exodus 6.6-7:

Cup 1 "I will bring you out“ [deliverence]

Cup 2 "I will rid you of their bondage" [freedom]

Cup 3 "I will redeem you" [redemption]

Cup 4 "I will take you for my people and I will be your God" [consummation]

The ORDER of the Seder Kaddesh Recite the Kiddush.

“Blessed are You, L-rd, our G-d, King of the universe, who creates the fruit of the vine. Blessed are You, G-d, our G-d, King of the universe, who has chosen us from among all people, and raised us above all tongues, and made us holy through His commandments.

And You, G-d, our G-d, have given us in love Shabbaths for rest and festivals for happiness, feasts and festive seasons for rejoicing this Shabbat-day and the day of this Feast of Matzot and this Festival of holy convocation, the Season of our Freedom in love, a holy convocation, commemorating the departure from Egypt. For You have chosen us and sanctified us from all the nations, and You have given us as a heritage Your holy Shabbat and Festivals in love and favor, in happiness and joy. Blessed are You, G-d, who sanctifies the Shabbat and Israel and the festive seasons.”

First cup

"I will bring you out“ [deliverence]

I will bring you out from your bondage to sin. - Jesus

“Blessed are You, Lord our God, Ruler of the universe, Creator of the

fruit of the vine.”

.Urechatz Wash the hands before eating Karpas.Karpas Eat a vegetable dipped in salt water.

Tears of Slavery

Matzah - Unleavened BreadNotice the stripes and the wounds

Afikomen represents the sinless, broken, bruised,

whipped and pierced body of Jesus wrapped in a shroud

and hidden for three days.

The traditional Matzah Tosh (pocket)

It has three pockets each with one Matzah

The Three matzahs seperated by a layer of towel

The Three Matzah Three pieces of “striped and pierced”

matzah (unleavened bread) are placed in a separate pocket of a matzah tash (linen

bag). Messianic believers teach that these three pieces represent

Unity of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

Yachatz Break the middle matzah and hide half for Afikoman.Maggid Telling the Story of the Exodus

Raise the tray with the matzot and say:

This is the bread of affliction that our fathers ate in the land of Egypt. Whoever is hungry, let him come and eat; whoever is in need, let him come and conduct the Seder of Passover. This year [we are] here; next year in the land of Israel. This year [we are] slaves; next year [we will be] free people….

The tray with the matzot is moved aside, and the second cup is poured.(Do not drink it yet).

Now the child asks "Mah Nishtana?"

Take the middle Matzah

Yachatz Break the middle matzah of the three into two and hide the bigger piece is the Afikoman to be put away from the table somewhere among the seats

Son came down to earth: Incarnate God He was both God and Man

Son came down to earth: Incarnate God He was both God and Man

Secondcup

"I will rid you of their bondage" [freedom]

when your children ask their fathers in time to come,…Then ye shall answer them:

The Wise One asks: "What is the meaning of the laws and traditions God has commanded?"

(Deuteronomy 6:20) You should teach him all the traditions ofPassover, even to the last detail.

Wise son

Wicked son

Simpleton sonOne who does not know how to ask son

The Simple One asks: "What is all this?"

You should tell him: "It was with amighty hand that the Lord took us out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage."

Wise son

Wicked son

Simpleton sonOne who does not know how to ask son

The Wicked One asks: "What does this ritual mean to you?" (Exodus 12:26) By using the expression "to you" he excludes himself from his people and denies God.

Shake his arrogance and say to him: "It is because of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt..." (Exodus 13:8) "For me" and not for him for had he been in Egypt, he would not have been freed.

Wise son

Wicked son

Simpleton son One who does not know how to ask son

*As for the One Who Does Not Know How To Ask, you should open the discussion for him, as it is written: "And you shall explain to your child on thatday, 'It is because of what the Lord did for me when I came out of Egypt."

Wise son

Wicked son

Simpleton sonOne who does not know how to ask son

Why is it that on all other nights during the year we eat either bread or matzoh, but on this night we eat

only matzoh?

Why is it that on all other nights we eat all kinds of herbs, but on this night we eat only bitter herbs? 

Why is it that on all other nights we do not dip our herbs even once, but on this night we dip them

twice?

Why is it that on all other nights we eat either sitting or reclining, but on this night we eat in a

reclining position?  

Maggid Tell the Pesach story.

"We were slaves to Pharaoh in Egypt, and the L-rd, our G-d, took us out from there with a strong hand and with an outstretched arm. If the Holy One, blessed be He, had not taken our fathers out of Egypt, then we, our children and our children's children would have remained enslaved to Pharaoh in Egypt.

Even if all of us were wise, all of us understanding, all of us knowing the Torah, we would still be obligated to discuss the exodus from Egypt.

The tray is restored to its place with the matzah partly uncovered. Now we say

Rachtzah Wash the hands before eating matzah.

Motzi Matzah Say Hamotzi and the special bracha for the matzah and then eat

the matzah.

Maror Eat the bitter herbs.

Korech Eat a sandwich of matzah and marror.

Shulchan Orech Serve and eat a festive meal.

Maror Eat the bitter herbs.Korech Eat a sandwich of matzah and marror.Shulchan Orech Serve and eat a festive meal.

The children search out the hidden Afikoman

The normal Seder procedes as follows:

Tzafun Eat the Afikoman.

It is this Afikoman that Jesus took and gave it to his disciples

Tzafun Search and find the “He Came” Mitzah

And he took bread, and gave thanks, and brake it, and gave unto them, saying, This is my body which is given for you: this do in remembrance of me. (Luk 22:19)

Tzafun Eat the Afikoman. The “He Came” Mitzah

Eat Jesus

Thirdcup

"I will redeem you" [redemption]

Third cup

Drinking the third cup: The cup of Redemption

Mat 26:27-28 And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; For this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins.

Mat 26:29 But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom.

In the same way also the cup, after supper, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me."

Jesus did not drink it with the Apostles

Mat 26:27-28 And he took a cup, and gave thanks, and gave to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many unto remission of sins.

This is the New Covenant in My Blood

This is the New Covenant in My Blood

Isa 53:5-6 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and Jehovah hath laid on him the iniquity of us all.

Fourth cup

Barech Recite Birchat Hamazon (Grace after Meals).Hallel Recite the Hallel (Psalms of praise).

Nirtzah Pray that Hashem accepts our mitzva.

These were omitted by Jesus

Mat 26:30 And when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of Olives.

Fourth cup

Mar 14:25 Verily I say unto you, I will no more drink of the fruit of the

vine, until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of

God.

For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.

= Broken Body= Blood

Fifth cupAfter the conclusion of the seder's Grace after Meals, there

is a universally accepted custom to pour a cup of wine, the "Cup of Elijah,“ and open the front door of the home, and recite several verses from the Psalms

This

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The continual "Memory" of Christ's Sacrifice to be re-lived and made present in history and the flow of His Life in the Spirit to be maintained for each generation?

The Seder is not just a memorial to events of the distant past - it is a dynamic process of freedom from

Click on the cup for a FLV movie

clip

If the offer is not acceptedimmediately, the groom will leave the cup on the table

And return after some time to see if it is accepted.

This gives time for the woman to think it over

Joh 14:1-2 Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe also in me. In my Father’s house are many mansions; if it were not so, I would have told you; for I go to prepare a place for you.

Joh 14: 3 And if I go and prepare a place for you, I come again, and will receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.

Joh 14: 3 And if I go and prepare a place for you, I come again, and will receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.

Joh 14: 3 And if I go and prepare a place for you, I come again, and will receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.