Post on 25-May-2015
description
PHYTOCONSTITUENTS IN ANIMAL FEED
AN OPPORTUNITY
Dr (Capt) Tanweer AlamDr (Capt) Tanweer Alam
INDIA
Global trend
Global Feed additive market to grow to $18 billion by 2014
Largest contributor is the antibiotic/ anti bacterial (28%) and fastest growing is amino acid segment (6%)
Herbal/ Phytoconstituents based products market is catching up in an impressive manner (20% CAGR)
Foodceo.com
Total number of research papers listed on PubMed containing the word "phytoconstituents."
How the usage of Phytoconstituents based products have progressed ?
The Transition…..
Ayurvedic Era
Herbal Era
Phytochemical Era
Ethno-medical information
Development of prototype formulations
Validation of safety & efficacy using invivo models
Chemical fingerprintingMarketing
Conventional Approach of Conventional Approach of Phytoconstituent based product Phytoconstituent based product development:development:
Ethno-medical information
Selection and standardization of in
vitro assays
Validation of safety and efficacy using in
vivo models
International marketing
Screening program-Select plants-Select plant parts-Select solvent
Bioactivity guided fractionation
Development of prototype formulation
(Based on compatibility studies)
Standardization and Chemical fingerprinting
Modern Approach of Phytoconstituent Modern Approach of Phytoconstituent based product development:based product development:
Chemical Constituents
Of Herbs
Primary MetabolitesCarbohydrate Fat
Protein
Secondary MetabolitesAlkaloids
TurpenoidsFlavonoids
Others
Secondary Metabolites are:
Unique to each plant & have therapeutic value
What’s the need?What’s the need?
Secondary Metabolites
Part used
Geographical factor
Period, time & method of collection
Storage
Water availability
Drying
Packing and Transportation
Age of the plant
Factors affecting Sec Metabolites?Factors affecting Sec Metabolites?
•A - SYNERGISM i.e., 2+ 2 = > 4
•B - ADDITIVITY i.e., 2 + 2 = 4
•C - ANTAGONISM i.e., 2 + 2 = < 4
B
Incr
easi
ng
Con
cen
trat
ion
Of
Her
bal
Ext
ract
- Y
Increasing ConcentrationOf Herbal Extract - X
A
C
Developing quality Phytoconstituent Developing quality Phytoconstituent formulationformulation
Reasons why Phytoconstituent based Reasons why Phytoconstituent based products are usage of choice across the products are usage of choice across the worldworld
Growing credentials with validated results Cost economy High safety margin with no resistance
development tendency
Growing credentials:Herbal Monographs
Publication and availability of authoritative monographs by various organizations, improving the scientific credibility of herbs.
Indian HerbalPharmacopoeia
British Herbal Pharmacopoeia
English Translation of
German Commissions
E monographs
American Herbal Pharmacopoeia
( AHP )
World Health Organization
(WHO)
Europe Scientific Cooperative
on Phytotherapy (ESCOP)
United States Pharmacopoeia
( USP )
Confluence of Herbal
Pharmacopoeia
Cost Economy
Comparatively Less Gestation time of phytodiscovery
Pharmaceutical Research and Development (R & D) Process
DefinitionsIND = Investigational New Drug Application FDA = U.S. Food and Drug Administration NDA = New Drug Application Source: www.Innovation.org
Evolving into a composite phytochemical based pharmaceutical major with presence in
Animal Health Products
Standardized Herbal Extracts
Human Health Supplements
Phytochemical Reference Standards
INDIAINDIA
Our AccreditationsOur Accreditations R&D centre also holds reputed accreditations from
Department of Science & Technology, Government of India.
The research team has more than one dozen patents and a few international patents on its herbal products.
Contribution to USP and Indian Government Pharmacopoeia
Our AccreditationsOur Accreditations
Screening of biological activity for new usage
Our predicted direction of herbal research
Role of Phytoconstituents
As Performance Enhancer
Andrographis paniculata
CH3 CH2OHH
CH3
O
OOH
CH2
OH
Molecular Form ula = C 20 H 30 O 5
Form ula W eight = 350.449
Phyllanthus amarus
Marker constituents: Phyllanthin &
Hypophyllanthin
OCH3
H
OCH3
HH3CO
H3CO
OCH3
OCH3
Molecular Form ula = C 24 H 34 O 6
Form ula W eight = 418.523
O
O
H3CO
OCH3
OCH3
OCH3
OCH3
H
H H
Molecular Form ula = C 24 H 30 O 7
Form ula W eight = 430.491
GLOBAL QUALITY TESTED & TRUSTED
India
Malaysia
Japan
USA
& Italy
Country - Malaysia
Field trial in commercial broilers (AA) – Dr.V.Raghavan, Seng Heng Chan Feed
Country - Japan
Field trial in commercial broilers (Chanky) – Kohara Feed & Breeding Co. Ltd. Poultry Farm, Wakayama
Country - USA
Field trial in commercial broilers – Dr. Danny Hooge, Utah State University, Logan –UT
Country - Italy
Field trial in commercial broilers - Dr.Schienoni Milano
Source : World Poultry - V.15 # 11, 1999
MYCOTOXINS - A WORLDWIDE SCENARIO
“Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the UN estimated
that 25% of the world's grain supply is contaminated with
Mycotoxins ”.
Liver in a good condition
The target organ for the mycotoxins and attack of other chemical toxicants is LIVER.
Liver in a good functional condition is very useful for basic detoxification mechanism and overall digestion & metabolic functions of the body.
Zigbir has potent effect on the development & efficient functioning of liver under normal and challenged condition.
MYCOTOXINS
HEPATOPROTECTION (Against FUNGAL TOXINS)
Prof.D.Narahari,Ph.D., Prof. & Head, Poultry Science, Vety.College, Chennai
HEPATOPROTECTION (Against FUNGAL TOXINS)
GROSS LESION - LIVER(e) ND H.I Titers
BETTER FEED & FEEDING
Gross pathology of liver of challenged untreated group (A) reveals hepatomegaly, severe discoloration, blunt edges and fragility.
While the gross pathology of liver of the challenged treated group (B)
is closer to the normal.
HEPATO PROTECTION (Against CHEMICAL TOXICANTS)
Dr.Deben Sapcota Associate Professor Dept. of Poultry Science Assam Agricultural University
Utilization of Xanthophill
2.3
4.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
CONTROL TREATED
[a] Skin Colour (Grade)
2.3
4.6
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
CONTROL TREATED
[b] Shank Colour (Grade)
Roche colour fan index basis
• In broilers, to growth, weight gain, FCR livability
• Enhance egg production ECR & minimise thin shell and egg breakage due to liver related problems
•To maintain proper digestion, absorption, general health and, feed intake
• To enhance hepatic functions
• To protect the birds from aflatoxins and other feed related problems
Which Spells Quality
Usage
• 300 gms per ton of feed
• Depending on the quality of feed ingredients and atmospheric moisture content, the dose may be increased upto 400 gms per tin of feed or as per the advice of the nutritionist.
Broilers & Layers : Form day l continuously, till marketing.
Which Spells Quality
25 kg multi layer bag.
During high risk period
Recommendation
Presentation
Mixing rate
Role of Phytoconstituents
To replace bioactivity of Vitamin C
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
Emblica officinalis
Part used : Dried FruitsMain Uses : Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant (Suresh & Vasudevan, 1994).Active principle : Gallic acid
Gallic acid
Ursolic Acid
Part used : Whole plantMain Uses : Immunomodulatory, Antistress (Sen et.al.,1992)Active principle:Ursolic acid
Ocimum sanctum
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
Emblica officinalis
Gallic acidChebulic acidEllagic acidChebulinic acid
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
Known to be active in scavenging DPPH*, Superoxide anion
*DPPH: diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (free radicals), turns colorless when reduced by antioxidant.
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
Chebulinic acid is shown to be active in DPPH and methyl linoleate oxidation models with 93 and 34 % inhibitory activity respectively in these models.
A total of 13 hydroxy groups representing chebulinic acid and is believed to be responsible for its powerful anti-oxidant activity (Klika KD et al. 2004).
L-Ascorbic acid
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
Potent Anti-oxidant
Under stress free condition Phytocee-Under stressful condition
A.T.Ps. Energy
Free Radicals Scavenged S.O.D.
More energy More A.T.Ps.
Extra Free Radicals (> normal)
Destroyed by AntioxidantsDestroyed by Antioxidants
The phytoactives of Phytocee possess a potent ability todonate H+ atom andacts as a naturalanti-oxidant.
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
Phytocee shows a potent free radical scavenging activity very similar to L-ascorbic acid(Vitamin 'C').
SCIENTIFIC VALIDATION: Anti-oxidant Activity
Principle: DPPH [1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl] is a stable free radical with purple colour, the intensity of which is measured at 510nm spectrophotometrically. Antioxidants reduces DPPH to 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine, a colourless compound. 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl
Purple colour1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine
Colourless
Effect of L-Ascorbic acid & Phytocee on free scavenging activity
Phytocee L Ascorbic acid
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
Oxidative stress (OS) is one among the common stressors of cells. OS can result in membrane damage leading to several pathological effect.
Reference: Chandarasekaran C.V., et al, Invitro efficacy
and safety of poly-herbal formulations. Toxicol,
invitro (2010), doi:10, 1016/j.tiv.2009, 11, 021.
As per various researchPhytocee exhibits anappreciable cellularanti-oxidant effect.
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
Phytoactives of Phytocee Possess a proven immuno-modulating property againstbacterial as well as viral infections
An Immunomodulator
ConclusionThe results indicate that, both the products i.e., Phytocee and Vitamin-C (L-Ascorbic acid) possess the same macrophage phagocytosis stimulating activity. Therefore, Phytocee can replace Vitamin-C cent percent and restores the immune status of the bird under any stress or infective conditions.
Effect of Phytocee and Vitamin 'C' on macrophage phagocytosis
Phytocee / Vit. C (µg/ml)
% Infected macrophages
0
100
500
83 ± 4
100 ± 0
100 ± 4
-
1.2
1.2
-
1.1
1.2
83 ± 4
96 ± 1
100 ± 1
Phytocee Vit. C Phytocee Vit. C
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
• The phytoactives of Phytocee are very stable at high thermal temperature under moist & dry heat conditions.
• Possesses long lasting activity when stored under normal room temperature.
Thermostability
TRACK C1: Phytocee Control sample without heat treatmentTRACK T1: Phytocee Heated at 1050C for 30 minutesTRACK T2: Phytocee Heated at 1050C for 1 hourTRACK T3: Phytocee Heated at 1050C for 2 hours
Laboratory Test Report Sample heated at 1050 C for 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours
254nm 366nm Visible Visible after
derevitisation
Herbal Poultry Feed Supplement for Replacing Synthetic Vitamin C
Usage
To optimize:• Body resistance, thereby livability
• Egg production and shell quality
• Fertility and hatchability in breeders
• Overall performance of birds
Mixing Rate
1:1 replacement of synthetic Vitamin C or as directed by the nutritionist
1 kg and 5 kg
Availability
More Phytoconstituents options
For Replacement of Synthetic Methionine & Equivalent