Post on 19-Mar-2021
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expresterritoryshare “Tierra share aabout languaits comexpres“Iriai” unorms the wo
piripau S
(1) Res
(1
Abstract:
ThisperReswatbasmetPCmetResfactemdevpar
1. Introduc
The articlession used y where frits resourcde Pipirip
and commenjoying t
age word “cmmon resssions in Pused in the
entailed crd “Pipiripa
ky: from t
COELHO
searcher As
) Professo
s researcrception usearch fieldtersheds tosin (PCB). thodologieB’s water thod ansearch outtors to powermenveloped a rticipatory e
ction:
e’s title "Pby small
ree commces. This ao” that ha
memorate athan in socommons”sources (H
Portuguesee industrialcommunityau” has an
the trage
O, Osmar F
ssociate, CBrasilia
or at CenteBrasilia
ch pursueuse to imd was in oo Brasilia'sMethodolo
es to evaluscarcity a
d envirotcomes sh
farmersnt, and envperception
environme
Pipiripau sklandholderon resourexpressio
as a similaabundanceomething e” representHardin, 19
e e Spanishl era in Ja
y respect (n origin in t
edy of com
F.(1), LUDE
Center for Sa Federal Ur for Susta
a Federal U
ed to undmprove ene of threes water supogical schuate sociaand its soonmental howed sims and vironmentan methodontal planni
ky" was bors from Mices are av
on origins ar meaninge of a flouelse (Rae,ts a land w998). Indeh languagepan mean(Illich, 198the indigen
mmons to
EWIGS, Th
SustainablUniversity, ainable DevUniversity,
derstand nvironmen
e major Fepply: the Peme was l actor's plutions: st
perceptiomilar water
officers: al educatioology scheing.
orrowed frnas Geraisvailable toare in Sp
g, a place rishing ric 2014). Bwhere farmeed, Comes. In the s parts of 3). Otherwnous langu
o water s
homas (2).
le DevelopUnB velopmentUnB
environmental plannderal Distr
Pipiripau crbased on
perceptionstrategic maon analyr sustainab
institutioon. This stme applie
rom a Brazs state. It o all depenanish langwhere peohness, but
By its turnmers creatmons is same waynature wh
wise, someuage Tupi-
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ustainabi
pment, CDS
t, CDS
ental ning. rict's reek two
s on atrix ysis. bility onal tudy d to
zilian Portmeans a bnd on howguage expople are int users on, the old e rules to similar to
y, Japaneshere custome authors -Guarani m
a 1 de 14
ility
S
tuguese blessed w users pression vited to ly think English govern
o these se word ms and believe
meaning
a river the per
BraziliaorganizBraziliafeatureboundabasin (surveyin Octoapprox
compokilometrepreseEnvironPlanaltaltitudecentralhectaremainly hectarefruit farhas 31
PCB’s
with few wrceptions p
In 1892, an Louis Fzed a grouan central es to estabaries of a (PCB). Thed region ober 2013,ximately 10
The Fedeosed of enters or 95%ented onlynmental atina admine is 1065 agricultures (235,27
soybean es of originrming. 424 administra
Until the 6area. It h
water (Berprocess aro
the CrulsFerdinand Cup of scient
plateau wblish the ne
14,400 se “Pepiripasecond big, the regul0% first flow
eral Districnvironmen% of the ty 0.4% ofand rural istrative remeters, aral area fo
7 square kiand corn
nal cover (4 agriculturative regio
60’s of thehad not si
rtram, 201ound Pipiri
s’s expediCruls arrivtists with b
with the maew capital,quare kiloau” from tggest watearized Pipw.
Figure.1
t (FD) hatal protectotal area. f DF's GDareas havegion in FDnd maximocused onilometers).crops (43
(18%), andre propertiens and 2,9
e last centgnificantly
1). The diipau creek
ition, led ved where best researain objectiv Brasilia (C
ometers tehat time, wer flow, 94piripau cree
HGEO, 200
s 5,789,16tion areasAgricultur
DP compave a stronD's northeum altitud
n vegetabl It has 10,
3%), 5,050d 3,968 hees occupy977,000 inh
tury, subsaltered b
spute ovek and its wa
by Belgiais today thrch instrumve of findiCruls, 1894rritory whawith "e", w50 liters pek flow wa
1 (CAESB, 2
6 square s Its ruralre betweenared to 82ng intercoast encome is 1225 e product,181 hecta0 hectaresctares with 71% of Phabitants (
istence agbasin hydro
r these meater scarcit
an astronohe Federalments of thng a territ4). As a reat includedwas a riveer second
as 988 lite
2001)
kilometersl area is n the years2% of the nnection i
mpasses Pmeters. P
ion. PCB’sares of extes of pastuh other usaCB's area IBGE, 201
griculture oological pr
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eanings is ty (see figu
omer natul District (Fat time to tory with thesult, he dd Pipiripaur that showin Octobe
rs per sec
s which 915,553.91 s 2008 an
services in FD´s teCB. The a
Planaltina s area is ensive agrres (22%)ages like ir(ANA, 206).
occupied mrocesses.
a 2 de 14
part of ure 1).
uralized FD). He explore he best rew the u creek wed off
er 1892. cond, or
1% are square
nd 2010 sector.
erritory. average is FD’s 23,527
riculture , 4,327 rrigated 10). FD
most of Today,
PCB hmost iBrasiliasupplyhas a manag
Eucalycapitalof permstructuto 198averagmaximto 2003may beuse, poglobal the Pip
environwhich prograthroughregenesigned contracfarmersnew off
AadminiPCB. Tabout responrechargundersand res
as two primportant wa. In fact, . These citrather pron
ge water re
In the 19yptus trees . In the 19manent enres occurr8, the mea
ge minimumum and m3, flow dece linked to oultry induclimatic p
piripau dam
In 2010, nmental se
integratesm manageh vegetatioerate water
the voluncts, and s' voluntarfficers in PM
A complicstrative ofThis reseathe water
nse capabigeable arestand PCBsults, and e
imary useswater sou
PCB is ties aroundnounced d
esources us
970s, FDextensive80s, with f
nvironmentred rapidlyan annualm was 145
minimum avcrease botthe variou
ustry, minirocesses.
m to regula
National ervices pros 22 govement union cover rr ecologicantary partichave madry adherenMU. Now,
cated consfficers andarch soughr problem,lities to al
eas and to´s history environme
s: agriculturces for Fresponsibld Brasilia hdry seasonse by urba
’s governly in PCB ifederal govtal preservy and prom mean of
50 liters peverage flowth in the flous increaseng), degraIn 2000, trize the flo
Water Aogram (PEernmental it (PMU). regeneratioal structurecipation fode their pnce pace h100 farme
sensus prod farmers aht to under and howleviate it..
o optimize regarding
ental perce
ure and wFD’s populle for Plahave FD´s
n, which rean and rura
ment invein order to vernment avation. Themoted by g
BRP flow er second. ws were 24ood seasoed uses of adation of the local w
ow and to p
Agency (ES) in PCB
and nonThis prog
on by comes. 2011’s
orm. In theproperty imhas been sers are enro
ocess exisaround horstand stak
w these peIt means agriculturewater sca
eptions that
water suppllation whenaltina an
s highest pequires comal users (se
ested pubsupply wo
aid, agricue environmgovernmen
was 3380In the per
400 and 8n (29%) awater (agwater res
water compump wate
(NWA) inB called “Wngovernmegram aimepensating
s PES goae year 201mplementaslow. Receolled officia
sts based ow to curbkeholders’erceptionsto refores
e water usarcity and t have sha
y. PCB is ere is the nd Sobradpopulation mmand anee figure 1
blic resouood and firelture stepp
mental degnts. In the 0 liters perriod from 110 respectnd in the driculture irrources strpany, CAE
er to domes
troduced Water Proental orgaed to curb
farmers foal was 30013, 10 faration planently, it gotally.
on differeb water sc
environms and behst basin mse. Resear
its conflicped those
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one of thcapital of inho citiesgrowth rat
nd control t).
rces in pewood to t
ped up overadation operiod fromr second a1988 to 20tively. Fromdry seasonrigation, doructures anESB, inaugstic use.
a paymeducers” pr
anizations b water shor their act0 farmers trmers signs (PIP). t momentu
nt perceptcarcity probental perc
haviors detmainly in itsrch goals wcts, past so
solutions.
a 3 de 14
e three f Brazil, s water te. PCB tools to
planting the new er areas of water m 1971 and the 003, the m 1971 n (44%) omestic nd also gurated
ent for rogram, in the
hortage tions to to have
ned first Indeed, um with
tions of blem in
ceptions termine s water were to olutions
diagnopercepcompostrategmethodqualita
environ
under a
of appr
rural wresourc
conscioresourcthings"ensurethey arepresedecisio
humanperceivwith scand fareality.
psychostakehprocesidentityterritoricommubehavifeedbafigure 2
2. Method
Strategic osis, futureption had aosed by twgic matrix (dological stive resear
This metnmental po
� Harmanalysis to
� Improv
� Increaropriation;
� Rescuworld, and aces;
� Act as
Environmeousness. ces exploi": use rulese communire both reentations. ons of each
EP is cenn beings mved and secience. Conrmers on
Environmeology (Whyolders’ wa
ss, and decy, personaiality. Procunication or, human
ack betwee2).
ology:
Environmee scenariosa role to cwo metho(based on scheme wrch techniq
thodologicaolicy goals
monize knoo achieve r
ve underst
ase local p
uing the riareas whe
s an educa
ental PercAccording
itation act s, rewardscation betwesource mThe differe
h group.
ntral to undmake deciselected by nflicts overthe other
ental perceyte, 1977).ater scarccision. Statality and cess variaand infor use systeen state a
ental planns, and straclarify the fodologies:
swot matrwas compques (Sabo
al schem(goal-orien
owledge frational use
tanding of
participatio
ich percepre populat
ational tool
ception is g to Whyte
and decid, and confween spec
managers ience betw
derstand csions abou
them. Ther the resoucan happ
eption ana. In this stu
city percepte variableeffectivenebles were
rmation. Fems and deand proces
ning is geategic actiofirst two stenvironme
rix). Besideleted by ourin, 2013
me was nted):
rom withine of resour
different e
on in analy
ptions abotions have
and a cha
the undere (1977), rede based flicts over cialists andindepende
ween them
complex mut the enviese elemeurces use pen based
lysis (EP) udy, perception. Thes were indess, expe: categor
Finally, Deecision pross variable
enerally coons. In thiteps usingental perces strategiparticipant3; Creswel
used to
n and outsrces;
nvironmen
ysis and pla
ut nature their livelih
ange agent
rstanding oesource mon how t
resources d local act
ent of sociis the sca
man-enviroronment b
ents may oinvolving s
d on this s
is a methoeption variase variabl
dividual asperience (timrization anecision vaocesses. Tes generat
omposed ois study, thg a methodception anc matrix at observatl, 2010).
guarantee
side enviro
ntal percep
anning pro
that are dhoods dep
t (Whyte, 1
of the envmanagers wthey perceuse. The
tors undersial origin aale of impa
nment relabased on aor may notspecialistssimplifying
odology baables helples are ofpects, groume), valu
nd judgmeariables wThe systemte decision
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of 3 basiche environdological snalysis (End EP, thition metho
e the fo
onmental
ptions;
ocesses as
disappearinpendent on
977).
vironment who particeive "the wcentral postanding band their acts genera
ations. Groa set of el be in agreon the onedifferentia
ased on coped to undef 3 typesup charactees systemnt, attitude
were choicmic interactn variables
a 4 de 14
c steps: nmental scheme P) and s study od and
ollowing
system
s a way
ng from n nature
human ipate in work of int is to
because cultural ated by
oups of ements eement e hand, ation of
ognitive erstand : state, eristics,
ms and es, and ce and ion and s ( see
designinterprestartingover restudy stakeh
analysemake aproposnecess(future matrix order ttwo inopportulogicallare exGovern
Cognitive-ed to aid etation. Whg point for esults intepresents olders´ pe
Public anes togethea diagnosissition of mosary to go
scenarioscomposedo avoid cir
nternal opunities andly contraryxpressed nment offic
based varfield rese
hyte (1977environm
rpretation a method
rception.
Figu
d private er with othes (past) or odifying swbeyond si
s). Thus, ad of systemrcular logicpposite fied threats).
y to each oby verbs
cers and f
riables defiearch meth7) argues tental percis necess
dological
ure 2. Percep
sectors her instrumeto provide
wot matrix wituational a
actions of amic interacc when daelds of v. It meansther (Helm that repfarmers pr
ined as strhodologiesthis analytiception stusary to usescheme t
ption variable
have wideents. How
e future scewas necesanalysis toachieve, fa
ctions amota interprevariables s that somms, 2010; Spresent prre-strategic
ructures tos may limitcal effort isdies. To ree of otherthat captu
es and syste
ely used ever, it doenarios (Hessary for two build actoace, spur,
ong swot metation arriv
(strengthemetimes reShields et are-future c objective
o perceptiot environms not a poeduce resr research ures a st
mic behavio
swot mates not havelms et al.,
wo reasonsors' pre-strprotect w
matrix fieldsves in zeroens and sults fromal., 2002). scenarioses (values
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on processmental knoint of arrivaearcher intools. Thu
trategic vi
r
trix in situve the cap, 2010). Ths. The firstrategic obj
were part os. The seco sum logicweakness
m these fieThese new(see figu
) are strat
a 5 de 14
ses and owledge al but a fluence us, this iew on
uational pacity to hus, the t, it was jectives
of 2 x 2 cond, in c about ses or, elds are w fields ure 3). tegic to
unders(Sen, 2
water ihave fsustainits goaits intefunctiovariabl
sustainsustainfields (functio
stand the s2011; Hans
F
This studyntegrated first a susnability is cals over timernal and ens (Hansee describe
functiodensity
S(t) = t’.
Strategic nability denability in strengths, ns in the e
stakeholdesen, 1996)
Figure 3. Swo
y needed amanagem
stainability considered
me. This deexternal v
en, 1996). ed accordin
(1) S (t) on at a timy function.
(2) when1 , howeve
matrix mefinition abterms of weakness
expression
(1) S =
ers' ability ).
ot matrix and
a water sument which
definitiond a group oefinition coulnerabilitiThus, sus
ng to expre
= 1 - V (me t, and
t = 0, S (0er when t=
ethod combove. It aiplanning a
ses, opport(1),
1 – V;
to manag
d modified Sw
ustainabilityPES is on
. This stuof probabilonsiders thes both e
stainability ession (1) a
(t), S (t) isV (t) is th
0) = 1, 100= t’ and S (t
mes from mds to undand stratetunities an
e future re
wot matrix in
y definitionne tool. Tody opted ities of a se inherent
expressed is present
and (2),
s the sustahe system
0% probabt’) = 0, the
modified sderstand hegic variabd threats)
esources a
n systemic re
n to guide o this end,
to use a system, or system chby their pted here a
ainability p's vulnera
bility to remsystem wi
swot matrihow stakebles. Swot are the pro
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and susta
elationship
the buildiit is necesdefinitionprocess, t
haracteristprobability as a system
probability bilities pro
main sustaiill collapse
ix applied eholders p
matrix vaobability de
a 6 de 14
inability
ng of a ssary to where to keep tics and density m state
density obability
nable if at time
to the perceive ariables ensities
represerepreseamongformedachievesocial avalues 2010).
percepmodelscollectelogical systemlimits anaturalof parconditiotransfebehavicausesin the o2011; F
Areprodunew bstructureproduindividulimits aarchetyintermeindividu
displayterms events each gindividuA tranregulat
We, w
grid 2
In the expent sustainent vulnera
g its variabd by futuree, face, spactors pre-or intentio
The Systeption varias, it helps ted data, systructures
mic archetyarchetype dl or institutrticular beons that l
er archetypors and pes. Based oobserved pFolledo, 20
According uce thems
behavior eres. In facuction. Foual scalesarchetype, ype. Indivediate scaual ones.
In the pery both inteof system(rounded
group percual and sosition betwtions and n
(2) (St, Oweakness, a
(3) R= x 2, or Stra
ression (3)nability (Sabilities (V
bles fields.e scenariospur, protect-strategic g
ons to perf
ems theoryables and to draw reystemic arcs that ranypes were defines betional boun
ehavior animit a prepe describerceptions
on these twperception000; Bertal
to Sengeselves by gemergencect, a systemor each ps, see figu
and systevidual scaale shows
rception mrpret data
mic archety shape) in
ception syocial scalesween indivnorms.
Op) = 1 – (and Tr, thr
[(St,Op); ategic mat
), strengtheS). WeakneV). Swot m It producs in a 2 xt (see figurgoals or prform action
y was usedshow ne
einforcemechetypes wk and grochosen: g
ehaviors anndaries. It nd percepevious behbes actions as well awo types as: the syslanffy, 196
e (2011), sgeneratinge, and acmic event proposed dure 3), sysemic eventale reflects processe
odel diagrcollected
ypes. Systnteract thr
ystem (sees due to pavidual sca
(We, Tr), wreats;
(We,Tr)], trix.
ens and opesses and
matrix creaces a modx 2 grid. Tre 2). The re-future sns with stra
d to interprw interprent and bufwere used oup eventsgrowth limind perceptidentifies wtion. Othe
havior or pns that exas it identifarchetypes,stemic eve8).
systemic sg behavior ct as an is a controdata analystemic struts were dets percepes that b
rams, sociafrom strat
temic strucrough reine figure 4,articular inale and so
where St, s
where R r
pportunitied threats aates a systified swot his matrix strategic mcenarios wategic purp
et connectetive possffering feedin percept
s to identts and restions whichwhat are lerwise, thperception
xpress pallfies fundam, two typesnt and the
tructures ar patterns.
equilibriuol mechanysis level uctures weetermined uption procbuild socia
al, intermeegic matrixctures (sq
nforcement5,6). PESstitutional ocial scale
strengths; O
represents
s are fieldsare fields temic feedmatrix or,has four
matrix catewhat represpose (Coel
tions and fsibilities. Indbacks. In tion interprify behavi
sponsibilityh their groimiting conis archety
n to changliative solumental solus of structu systemic
are createSystemic
um structuism to a s(social,
ere identifusing respcess of ial scale p
ediate and x and EP uare shapt or buffer
S’s officersrole thosee is done
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Op, opport
s future sc
s of variabof variabl
dback relat, strategic areas of a
egories expsent socialho, 2014;
feedbacks n the perorder to in
retation. Thor pattern
y transfer. wth comesnditions to ype controge. Respoutions apputions to aures can bstructure (
d historicaevents ide
ure for sysystemic stintermediafied using ponsibility tindividualsperception
individualmethodolo
pe) and syring. Theys model ha individual directly t
a 7 de 14
tunities;
cenarios
bles that es that tionship matrix,
actions: pressed l actors Helms,
among rception nterpret hey are
ns. Two Growth s under growth
ols the nsibility plied to address be seen (Senge,
ally and entify a ystemic tructure
ate and growth
transfer s while s from
scales ogies in ystemic
y model as only s have. through
operateon stat(past) systemterms oin futur
stakehwere cdimenspercepsystemevents percep
appliedquestioquestioon comhad tw(enviromatricepart (estrateg
agencisettlemagriculagenciextens. They
The sociae. While inte variablefrom syst
mic structurof systemicre time, bo
Perceptionolders’ an
categorizedsions. Percption modemic structur
are in preptions.
In the fieldd to PES oons were onnaire apmplexity of
wo versionsonmental pes). The seenvironmengic matrices
Interviewees, or NG
ment, a lotural area es like Nion servicewere 12 fa
al scale rentermediatees. The timtemic everes in presc events inth in differe
ns patternsswers and
d as strategception paels (figureres are moesent and
d study, thofficers an
represenplied to a pf actions ps. The first perception)econd verntal perces).
ed stakehoOs. Farmeow wage
connecteational Wae agency (armers from
epresents e scale is a
me dimensints (presesent and pn present tent social a
s were ided importangic event o
atterns weres 4,5,6). ore stable future time
e main mend two diffentations oparticular gerformed oversion ai
) and 6 qusion aimed
eption) an
olders had ers were fr
rural comed to supeater Agen(EMATER)m farmers
institutiona transitionons were
ent, futurepast time. Sime while saggregatio
entified conce to the or strategicre summarThey aredue to the
es becaus
ethodologicerent ruralof methodgroup mayon environmed to faruestions ind at PES’sd 6 ques
a role of rom two rummunity, aermarket cncy (ANA)) and NGOassociatio
nal space nal area whused to se
e). EP meSwot matrstrategic m
on scales.
nsidering fresearch gc structure rized and
e cognitiveeir historice they can
cal tool wa communidological
y, or may nnmental rermers had n its secons officers htions in it
leadershiural areas: and Pipiri
chains. PE, National
Os like Woons and 12
where dhere proceeparate syethodologyrix fields wmatrix fields
frequencygoals. Oncto be set organized
e cartogracal influencn create ne
as semi-opties farmescheme ot use all vsources. T40 questio
nd part (swhad 14 quts second
p in their Oziel III la
ipau villagES’s office Agriculturd Wild FoPES’s offi
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ecision vaess variableystemic stry data genwere expres were pos
of appearace identifiein social ain environ
phies whece while syew environ
pen questiors. Questiovariables.
variables, dThe questioons in its fiwot and sestions in
d part (sw
associatioandless pege, a devers were frral plannin
oundation (icers.
a 8 de 14
ariables es work ructures nerated ssed in sitioned
ance in ed, they nd time nmental ere the ystemic nmental
onnaire onnaire Each depend onnaire irst part trategic its first
wot and
ons and easants veloped rom 12 ng and (WWF).
3. Resu
officersResultsprocesconflictpercepstructuscales analysevolve
model farmersrepresereinforcfamiliaenvironestablis
ults and di
This studys and fars allowed u
sses and Pts that are
ption moderes and ev(individua
is first (pafrom an in
In the indishows a ps' survivaented by tcement fer agricultunmental eshes a rein
scussion
y interpretemers leadus to unde
PES’s implee relevant els were vents (reinal, intermeast, presenndividual sc
Figure 4
ividual scapresent syl strategiehe lack of
eedback (+ure tenure
education nforcemen
ed water scders baseerstand perementationto PCB (Omade ma
nforcementediary andnt, future), cale to a so
. Environme
ale, Oziel Iystemic evees. Institutf public po+) to agroe as welfuture scet feedback
carcity envd on querception syn problemsOstrom et ainly lookit and buffed social) b
it shows ocial one.
ntal percepti
III settlemeent called tional isollicies acceoforestry gll as foodenario is k (+) to agr
vironmentaestionnaireystems thas, as well a
al. 1999).ng at inte
ering feedbby time show syste
on model: O
ent farmeragroforest
lation is aess to suppgardens. Td and wa future
roforestry g
l perceptioes and locat influenceas environm. The resueractions backs) in escales. Taemic struc
Oziel III settle
rs environmtry gardena past syport water These gar
water secusystemic
gardens.
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on data frocal observe decision mental perults analysamong sy
each one oking time
ctures and
ment
mental pers that are
ystemic stsupply. It
rdens streurity. Wate
event tha
a 9 de 14
m PES’ vations. making
rception sis from ystemic
of social scales events
rception part of
tructure inserts
engthen er and at also
feedbadeveloagroecproducsystemstructurepresestatus
individubeen gconditiocalled discipliresourcenvironwater creates
bufferin
In the inteack (-) fromped by lo
cology alsoce food withmic event r
re called ented by nthat came
Environmeual scale growing reons and bnature nornary knowces. It mnmental edand enviros a reinforc
In the intng feedbac
ermediate sm a past syong-term wo insert a h a low wareceives a
lack of new interawith prope
Figure
ental percea presentcently with
better wagrmative vie
wledge embmeans a nducation inonmental cement fee
ermediate ck (-) from
scale, watstemic struwater shorbuffering
ater footpria second r
governmeactions witerty rights a
5. Environm
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