PHOTO CAMERA

Use of photography and its significance

Photocopy of documents

Photocopy machines

X-ray photography in medicine Phototherapy

In Astronomy

MicroscopyNuclear physicsBiologyCartography others

Use of Photo Camera

The First Photo

View from the Window at Le Gras25.8 x 29.0 cm

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce

In 1826 By camera obscura Duration of the process is 8 hours

Idea Generation

Lithography

(1813)

Heliography

(1926)= Photography

(1926)

Camera obscura by Niepce• In 1926• 8 hours• only one image

Daguerreotype

Camera by Daguerre • In 1839• half hour• Only one image• sold for a record

576,000 euros (812,000 dollars)

Calotype

Camera by Talbot • In 1844 • Negative• Multiple copies• First photo

collection “The Pencil of Nature”

Box Camera by George Eastman• In 1888• Three seconds• 100 shots for 22$

First Cameras

35 mm camera: the 'Ur-Leica' By Oskar Barnack

In 1925 - 1936 24x36mm image size reducing the format of negatives and then enlarging the photographs 57,000 produced for $3000 each

Twin -lens reflex camera & Single-lens reflex camera

"Sport" camera in 1934 (1937) Total production 20,000 units Speeds of 1/25, 1/50, 1/100, 1/200 and 1/500 of a secondviewfinder in the upper part of the camera , a manual focusing ring on the lens smaller and more portable frame size 24×18 mm

Rolleiflex was introduced in 1929 Total production exceeding 2 mln units Shutter speed: T, B, 1s, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10, 1/25, 1/50, 1/100, 1/300s focusing screen at the top of the camera, and a pop-up hood surrounding it frame size 6x6 cm

SLR

TLR

Polaroid or Instant Photos By Edwin Herbert Land November, in 1948 chemical process to produce finished positive prints from the exposed negatives in under a minute 1. 5 mln produced for $812 each

Polaroid 95

Here's an early ad from the 25-July-1949 issue of LIFE:

Automatic Camera

Super Kodak Six-20 of 1938

By Kodak in 1938 Total production 719 for $3507 each frame size 6x9 cm First camera to feature automatic exposure Shutter: 8 speeds up to 1/200; shutter priority auto from 1/25-1/200, slower speeds available manually Autofocus Automatic shooting modes Amateur 35 mm cameras have built-in flash panel that shows the user software installation and rehearse the camera

“View from the Window at Le Gras”, Joseph Niepce

1826

Boulevard du Temple, Louis Daguerre1838

James Clerk Maxwell, 1861

Self-Portrait , Mathew B. Brady,

1875

Space at an altitude of 65 miles from Earth, October 24, 1946

*Original image unavailable

Underwater, William Thompson1856

Aerial Photograph, Birds1903

A photo of a hogfish, Dr. William Longley Charles Martin

1923

“The Blue Marble”, the crew of Apollo 17

1972

Features of Photo CameraApertureWhite balanceMeteringISO speedAutofocus pointD-Lighting (shadow / highlight enhancement)Red-eye reductionTrimmingMonochromeSmall pictureImage overlay

Smile Shutter

Focus

Shutter speed

Filter effects

Digital Cameras

By Steven Sasson as an engineer at Eastman Kodak In 1975 23 seconds to record image Store Info on a standard cassette = 15 kg, 12 shots Resolution: 0.01 megapixels

First Digital Camera

First Commercial Digital Camera1. Fujix DS-1P In 1989Store Info on memory cards Resolution: 0.4MP Only in Japan

2. Dycam Model 1 In 1990 Store Info on memory cards Resolution: 0.09MP First in USA

Kodak and Nikon

1. Kodak Digital Camera System In 1991 Resolution: 1.3MP

2. Kodak DCS200 In 1992 Resolution: 1.5MP Originals cost $20,000

Now in Color

1. Apple QuickTake 100 In 1994 Resolution: 0.3MP

2. Kodak DC40 In 1995 Resolution: 0.38MP Captured images in 24-bit color

LCDs Arrive

1. Casio QV-10 In 1995 Resolution: 0.07MP A built-in LCD screen

2. Kodak DC25 In 1996 Resolution: 0.18MP Compact Flash media for storage

1. Olympus Deltis VC-1100 In 1994 Resolution: 0.44MP Modem for transmission of photos over regular phone lines

2. Nikon Coolpix 100 In 1996 Resolution: 0.24MP PC Card slot to transfer pictures

3. Ricoh RDC1 In 1995 Resolution: 0.44MP First digital still camera to record video

New Developments

Saving to Storage

1. Sony Digital Mavica FD5 In 1997 Resolution: 0.3MP 3.5-inch floppy disks for photo storage

2. Sony Mavica CD1000 In 2000 Resolution: 1.92MP CD-R discs

For Kids

1. Barbie Photo Designer Digital Camera In 1998 Resolution: 0.02MP

2. WWF Slam Cam In 1999 Resolution: 0.02MP

Store only six photos, but retailed for under $100.

The First Digital SLRs

1. Nikon D1 In 1999 Resolution: 2.62MP

2. Canon EOS D30 In 2000 Resolution: 3.11MP

Small but Powerful

1. Canon PowerShot S100 Digital ELPH In 2000 Price = $600 Resolution: 1.92MP

2. Casio Exilim EX-S1 In 2002 Price = $349 Resolution: 1.22MP

Smaller sizes and higher resolutions.

Full Frame

1. Contax N Digital In 2002 Sales: 1,000 / month (Japan + Worldwide) Price = $ 6,550 Resolution: 6.1MP

2. Canon EOS-1Ds In 2002 Price =$4599.00 Resolution: 10.99MP

CCD sensor the size of a full 35mm frame.

The Digital Camera Evolves

1. Canon EOS Digital Rebel D300 In 2003 Price = $899 Resolution: 6.29MP The first digital SLR under $1000

2. Olympus E-1 In 2003 Price = $21993-zone multi-pattern metering Resolution: 4.91MP

3. Epson R-D1 In 2004 Price = $2000 Resolution: 6.01MP The first digital rangefinder camera

A Top-of-the-Line DSLRNikon D3X In 2008 Resolution: 24.38MP Price $5,199.95 Targeted squarely at professional photographers

3D Cameras

1. Fujifilm FinePix Real 3D W3 In 2010 Resolution: 9.98 MP First consumer digital camera that can shoot 3D photographs (and video)

2. Sony Cyber-DSC-TX7 In 2010 Resolution: 9.98 MP A full-featured pocket point-and-shoot with intelligent panorama features

Thank You for Attention!