Post on 27-Oct-2014
Seminar on Motherboard
Submitted by – Sumit Kumar4th year B.Tech, ECE (2010-13)
Branch – ECE, SKIT, Jaipur.
Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan , Jaipur
PCS Tech. Started in1983. Global IT Solution provider. PCS Technology is a 100 million dollar
company today. Headquartered in Jebel Ali, Dubai. Global presence – 32 offices across the
globe. Distinct Quality Process – ISO 9001:2000 &
ISO 14001 certified.
Introduction to PCS Tech. Ltd.
International OperationsSales and Marketing offices – Dubai, Africa, USA ,
EuropeManufacturing facility for desktop, servers and
notebooks in Jebel Ali, Dubai India Operations
Manufactures PCS range of desktops, notebooks and servers
Provides IT service support and annual maintenance contract.
Head office – MumbaiRegional offices - Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore,
Calcutta, Bhopal, and Jaipur22 branch offices44 area service centers
Multi-layered printed circuit board Copper circuit paths called traces carry signals
and voltages across the motherboard Some layers carry data for input/output while
other layers carry voltage and ground returns Form factors of M/B
◦ 3 most common form factor classifications: Baby AT (11.2" x 8.2") ATX (12" x 9.6“) Slimline NLX (8.0" x 10.0“)
Intro. to the motherboard
The CPU.The Busses.Chips
ROM chips/ BIOS chipsCMOS storage.The chipset(Controllers).Real Time Clock (RTC) -System ClockKeyboard Controller - Super I/O controller
SocketsPlugs, connectors and portsOthers – N/W Interface IC, Sound IC etc
M/B’s components-
Data exchange on the M/B
System BUS
Intel chipset 915G. The south bridge ICH6 is to the left
CPU
The CPU is mounted on the motherboard, hidden under the cooling fan and heat sink.
The CPU circuit (the ”die”)
Close up of a CPU circuit (die).
Wafer and path from die to pins of CPU
The underside of a (P4) CPU, showing the many pins.
A technician from Intel holding a wafer. This slice of silicon contains hundreds of tiny processor cores,
The Chipset
The two chips which make up the chipset, and which connect the motherboard’s busses
Intel chipset 915G. The south bridge ICH6 is to the left
VIA P4X266A & VT8233C
Video card - integrated into the north bridge Sound card - in the south bridge Modem - in the south bridge Network and firewire - in the south bridge Built - in RAID or (seldom) SCSI controller Other network, screen and sound facilities Wireless LAN SmartCard/MemoryStick/etc. readers
Extra facilities on chipset
Two general methods are used1. Computer POST / beep codes2. PC Analyzer Card code
1. Computer POST / beep codes– They are different for different BIOS manufacture like AMI, Phoenix, IBM, AWARD, Macintosh
Example for IBM BIOS – No Beeps - No Power, Loose Card, or Short 1 Short Beep Normal POST, computer is ok - No problem 2 Short Beep POST error, review screen for error code - See screen Continuous beep - Power supply failure Repeating short beeps - Power supply failure One long and two short beeps - Display adapter (video card) failure One long and three short beeps - Display adapter (video card) failure
M/B Troubleshooting
Visually check dry soldering joints and then resold them
Visually check electronic components and replace damaged components
Capacitor Inductor Resistor
If still problem occur, we check IC using IC tester and replace it if gone bad
If still problem is not resolved then ask expert help
M/B general Physical Repair