��Morphology , pathogenesis , treatment and Morphology , pathogenesis , treatment and

prevention are prevention are similar to Trypa similar to Trypa -- GambienseGambiense

��Difference:Difference: it is an acute infection it is an acute infection

��Duration:Duration: from several week to a yearfrom several week to a year

►► Forms:Forms: oval or circle oval or circle

��Trypomastigote:Trypomastigote: in blood circulation.in blood circulation.

��Amastigote:Amastigote: in RESin RES and phagocytesand phagocytes

��a nucleus and kinetoplast. a nucleus and kinetoplast.

AA-- TrypomastigoteTrypomastigote

BB-- amastigoteamastigote

CC-- EpimastigoteEpimastigote

DD-- Trypomastigote gambiense or Rho Trypomastigote gambiense or Rho

Central and south America.Central and south America.

Vector: Kissing bugVector: Kissing bug

Transmission Transmission

♣♣ Cases American trypanosomiasisCases American trypanosomiasis

►►Incubation period:Incubation period: 55--15 days.15 days.

►►Symptoms:Symptoms: Cutaneous or mucous Cutaneous or mucous ChancreChancre with with lymphodenopathy, call lymphodenopathy, call (chagoma).(chagoma).

►►ConjunctivitisConjunctivitis ,generalized lymphodenopathy,generalized lymphodenopathy

►►Myocarditis, headache, malaise, fever Myocarditis, headache, malaise, fever hepatosplenomegaly, meningo cephalitishepatosplenomegaly, meningo cephalitis

Conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis

►►Direct:Direct: Giemza stainGiemza stain (trypomastigote form in blood (trypomastigote form in blood

and amastigote in RES.and amastigote in RES.

►►Motility testMotility test

►►XenodiagnosisXenodiagnosis

►►Indirect:Indirect:

►►Anti bodyAnti body fluorescence test.fluorescence test.

►►CultureCulture

►►Inject of patient blood to animalInject of patient blood to animal

Xeno diagnosisXeno diagnosis

♣♣ NefurtimoxNefurtimox 100mg ,10mg/kgw.b 100mg ,10mg/kgw.b X4X4

..44monthsmonths

☻☻Benznidazole Benznidazole 55--10mg/kgw.b 110mg/kgw.b 1--2 months2 months

☻☻ProcainamidProcainamid

☻☻Qinidin.Qinidin.