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Meeting the Challenges of Skilled

Workforce Development inMalaysia

by Mohamad bin YaacobDirector (NDTS)

Department of Skills DevelopmentMinistry of Human Resources Malaysia

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TEVT landscape of Malaysia

Fragmented landscape with multiple qualification systems and non-uniform curricula standards

TVET delivery system (overview)

MSC 1 & 2

MSC 1,2,3 +Tech Cert

PrivateAccreditedCenter (548)

MSD +Technology

Diploma

ILP (22)

PrivateAccreditedCenter (51)

IKBN (14)

IKM (12)Tech Cert

GiatMARA(209)

GMI (1)

UniversitiKuala

Lumpur (1)

CommunityCollege (56)

Polytechnics(27)

Technical andVocationalSchool (88)

State SkillDevelopment

Center (12)

Ministry ofWorks- ABM

(6)

Ministry ofEnergy, Green

Tech andWater- ST (65)

Ministry ofHumanResource

Ministry ofYouth andSports

Ministry ofRural andRegional dvp

MOE MOHE Others

MSD

Dip Tech

MSAD

MSAD + AdvDip Tech

Adv Dip Tech

BEng Tech

ADTEC (5)

IKTBN (1)

JMTI (1) KKTM (7)

Certificatesoffered

Limits cohesivestrategic planning

due to silos, e.g.limited tracking andassessment of multiple

initiatives

Multiple certificationscreates confusion

amongstakeholders, incl.

potential investors andemployers

Quality issues arisedue to lack of central

oversight ofprogrammes offered

and insufficientperformancemonitoring

Implications

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Peoples First,Performance Now

National Development Plans

National Key

Economic

Areas(NKEA)

New Economic

Model (NEM)

10th Malaysia Plan

National transformation plans towards steer-heading Malaysia

as High-Income based developed Nation by the year 2020

National

Transformation

Plan

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Duration &

Structure Duration : According to Levels in NOSS

Practice:Theory : 70% : 30% Time Allocation: Day / Block Release

Prerequisites

Trainees: Healthy, Ability to read, write and calculate, Attitude

Companies: Facilities / Equipment/ Qualified Coaches,

Sufficient Range of Operations

Training Institutions: Facilities/Curricula/ Systematic Delivery

Competent Instructors/Trainers

Companies: HRDF / Tax Incentive

Trainees: Training Allowance and Employability

Incentives: Recognition

Financing &

Incentives

CertificationCertification: Malaysian Skills Certification 1 - 5

Examinations: Practical & Theoretical Test

General

ProvisionsPurpose : Training of K-Workers

Type of Training: Self Reliant &

Social Skills & ValuesTarget : School Leavers / Existing Workers

Trainees Recruitment: By Company

Workplace Training (NDTS)

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Companies/Agencies already implement NDTS

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Main Issues faced by each stakeholder group

Stakeholders Issues

Employers

There exists a mismatch between the types of trainingprovided and market needs

Private skills training providers face regulatory constraintsand long waiting process when setting up institutes

There is a shortage of funding for skills training

PSD did not fully recognize the Malaysian Skills Certificate,which is required for setting the pay benchmark

Providers

Employers may not be aware of the capabilities of graduates

Many employers do not recognise the certifications due to thehighly fragmented landscape today, with multiple ministriesand industry issuing different certifications

Students have a poor perception of skills training and view it

as an option of last resort Students (and their parents) lack funding or are unwilling to

pay for skills training

Students/Parents

Source : NKEA Education Lab

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Issues

How to forecast job demand

accurately?

How to promote closer links with

industry?

How to increase availability of

demand-side funding?

How to ensure TEVT offering

matches employabilityrequirements?

How to improve perception of

technical education?

How to assist providers in

attracting students?

How to clarify educational and

professional pathway?

How to improve coordination

between entities involved?

How to clarify TEVT framework

Initiatives

Industry lead bodies (ILB) and Technical Committees

to increase ties Increase demand side funding (SDFC) to increase

access to skills training

Increase availability of HRDF funds to provide

allowances for apprenticeships and to cover training

costs

Teach general skills in curriculum (numeracy +

literacy)

Media campaignSkillsMalaysiato improve

perception

Buy places from private skills training providers to fully

utilize excess capacity

Increase access of MSC holders to educational

programs MSC mandated for public service programs

MSC mandated for advanced programs

Standardisation of TEVT curriculum

Curriculum bank to deposit all curricula

DSD as the single accreditation body

Board of Technologists Malaysia established to

regulate and accredit all programs MSC adopted as sole TEVT certification

Employer

demand

TEVToffering

Initiatives to address issues faced in TEVT

Students

Governance

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Policies toward increasing ties with industry

Malaysian Board ofTechnologists to regulate,monitor, and accredit allrelevant programs Chaired by and

consisting of reputed

scientists and engineers.

Determining

accreditation proceduresaccording to

international standards

Monitor course delivery

at institutions providing

technical courses

Technical advisorycommittees advisecurricular committees Chaired by and

consisting of major

industry players

Advise on skills

necessary for incomingworkforce

Depending on program,

they meet once/twice

every year

Industry Lead Bodies

MOHR

Board of Technologists

MOHE

Technical Advisory Committee

Various

Name

Ministry

Est. ongoing 2010- current 2012 onwards

Each sector to have anIndustry Lead Body (ILB)to guide development ILBs made up of industry

personneltrade unions,

employers, and

professional organisations

ILBs take the lead in

ensuring relevance ofnational standards to

industry needs

ILBs will work with various

stakeholders to promote

skill training amongst

members

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Thank YouFor Your

Attention