Post on 27-Dec-2015
Mental Health Nursing IMental Health Nursing INURS 1300NURS 1300
Unit VIUnit VIAbuse Related DisordersAbuse Related Disorders
Objective 1Define substance abuse
Substance abuse is the overindulgence in, and
dependence on, a psychoactive material leading to effects that
are detrimental to the individual’s physical or mental health, or the welfare of others
Objective 2List the risk factors for substance
abuse Family or work conflict Family history Poor coping skills Favorable attitudes toward
substance abuse Peer pressure Personality or psychiatric disorder
Objective 3State the factors present in the
substance abuser Giving up past activities Work or school conflicts Aggressiveness and irritability Forgetfulness Feelings of hopelessness, depression, and
suicidal thoughts Frequent hangovers and “blackouts” Pressuring others to drink Legal trouble Drug paraphernalia
Objective 4List the major drugs that are
abused Alcohol Stimulants Depressants Hallucinogens Narcotics Inhalants Designer drugs
Alcohol Physically addicting Distortions in thinking
Stimulants Psychological dependence Euphoria followed by profound
depression & sense of exhaustion Irritability, combativeness, &
paranoia
Depressants Physical dependency Sedation Impaired coordination
Narcotics Pleasant euphoria Feeling of immunity to stressors
Hallucinogens Dream-like perceptions Altered sense of time Feelings that one has attained
special insight Intensified & labile emotions Depersonalization
Inhalants Produces mind-altering response
Objective 6List treatments for the client who
abuses
Inpatient hospitalization for detox
Medications Antabuse Methadone Catapres Narcan
Objective 6 (cont’d)
Support groups Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) Narcotics Anonymous (NA) Al-Anon groups for family of abusers
Aftercare and recovery Partial day programs Halfway houses
Physical assessment vital signs symptom scale
Medication administration Patient teaching
actions and consequences Provision of adequate hydration
and nutrition Reassurance and support for
anxiety Relapse prevention
Objective 8Define abuse and victim
Abuse is a general term for the use or treatment of someone or something that causes some kind of harm or is unlawful or wrong.
A victim is one who is harmed by or made to suffer from an act, circumstance, agency, or condition.
Objective 9Differentiate among different
kinds of abuse Sexual abuse Physical abuse Verbal abuse Emotional abuse Child abuse Incest Spousal abuse Elder abuse
Objective 9 (cont’d)Sexual abuse = improper use of another
person for sexual purposes, generally without their consent or under physical or psychological pressure
Physical abuse = when one person inflicts physical violence or pain on another
Verbal abuse = when a person uses profanity or says things that threaten or make a person feel scared
Emotional abuse = coercion, humiliation, intimidation, relational aggression, parental alienation, or covert incest
Objective 9 (cont’d)
Child abuse = abuse, usually physical, emotional or sexual, directed at a child
Incest = sexual activity between close family members
Spousal abuse = abuse, usually physical or psychological, directed at one’s spouse
Elder abuse = abuse, most often physical or in the form of psychological threats, directed at the elderly, especially in nursing homes and similar institutions
Characteristics of an abuser Jealousy Controlling behavior Quick involvement Isolation Blames others for feelings Cruelty to animals Hostility while drinking Breaking or striking objects when
angry Threats of violence Use of force during an argument
Characteristics of a victim
Blames self for violence or harmful acts
Dependent on abuser wants to be controlled feels need to be taken care of
Poor self-image Expects abuser to change Returns to abuser after assault(s) Makes excuses for abuser Defends abuser’s actions
Objective 11Identify nursing care to help
survivors of abuse Assess client for possible abuse history Provide abuse hotline phone numbers Remove client from hostile situation Refer client to community resources Treat client for depression, anxiety,
and suicidal thoughts Provide supportive, nurturing
environment to discuss feelings
Objective 12 (cont’d) Physical abuse
injury impairment physical pain threat of physical force inappropriate use of chemical and
physical restraints rough handling
providing care moving the body administering medication
Objective 12 (cont’d)
Emotional abuse psychological verbal isolating the elder from family, friends,
and/or regular activities treating the elder like an infant
Neglect or abandonment of elders by caregivers
Financial exploitation of an elder
Objective 12 (cont’d)
Self-neglect by elder leaving the stove on unattended denying or ignoring need for food,
water, hygiene, safety, or medications Sexual abuse of the elderly
showing the elder pornographic material telling dirty jokes
Healthcare fraud or healthcare abuse of the elderly